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Jiao-jiao Sun, Ting Wang, Ping Zhao, Ya-qin Zhao, Lin Wang, Fei Ye Yangzhou Wutaishan Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Teaching Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lin Wang, Yangzhou Wutaishan Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Teaching hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8615062809928, Email 1421164395@qq.com Fei Ye, Yangzhou Wutaishan Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Teaching hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613645251172, Email 3646353295@qq.comAbstract: Shared decision-making (SDM) has been practiced fairly frequently in general medicine, but less so in mental disorders, especially in closed psychiatric wards, and its positive predictor has recently been recognized in the field of mental health. Studies have shown that patients with severe mental disorders want a say in their care and their desire to participate in clinical decision-making is even higher than those treated by general medical services. This review aims to explore the research progress of SDM for patients with schizophrenia with anxiety in a collectivist culture (such as Chinese culture) and to provide a reference for the implementation of SDM in closed psychiatric wards.Keywords: shared decision-making, schizophrenia with anxiety, research progress mental disorders

Jixian seismic station is the only bedrock outcrop in the Tianjin area, with two sets of VP broadband inclinometers installed in Xinshan cave and Xiaoxinzhuang cave respectively. Through comparative analysis of the intrinsic quality, co-seismic response, environmental impact, and instrument maintenance of two sets of VP broadband inclinometers at Jixian station, the following conclusions are drawn. Taking 2023 as an example, the continuity and completeness of the VP broadband inclinometer in Xiaoxinzhuang cave at Jixian station were high, but the completeness of the VP broadband inclinometer in Xinshan cave was relatively low due to human interference and instrument maintenance. The tidal factor stability of both instruments is good, but due to pendulum system failure, the NS accuracy of the Xinshandong cave VP broadband inclinometer is relatively poor. By comparing from 2018 to 2023, the VP broadband inclinometer in Xiaoxinzhuang cave had a clear annual variation pattern, while the VP broadband inclinometer in Xinshan cave had an inconspicuous annual variation pattern, which may be related to the relatively fragmented geological conditions of the regional structure in Xinshan cave. Natural environmental changes such as heavy rainfall and strong winds can have a certain impact on the observation of the two sets of instruments. The Xinshan cave is significantly affected by the pumping around the station. VP broadband inclinometers have a strong ability to record earthquakes, and can clearly record periodic surface waves of several seconds to tens of seconds for far-field earthquakes. For near-field strong earthquakes, they can clearly record the initial arrival of P-waves, but subsequent seismic phase identification is more difficult. A maintenance process was summarized to provide reference for the operation and maintenance of similar instruments, in response to the occasional sudden jumping errors in the EW direction of the Xinshan cave VP broadband inclinometer.

Abstract Berberine (BBR), a widely recognized traditional Chinese medicine, has attracted considerable attention for its promising anti‐inflammatory effects. The activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) effectively safeguards against organ damage stemming from sepsis‐induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. This study examined the potential of BBR in alleviating sepsis‐induced acute gastric injury, with a particular focus on elucidating whether its mechanism of action involves the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Following intraperitoneal injection of BBR, mice were subjected to the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method to induce sepsis. In vitro experiments involved pre‐treating the normal gastric epithelial cells (GES‐1) with BBR, followed by treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Functional assays were then performed to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis. To validate the role of Nrf2 in pyroptosis and inflammation, siRNA targeting Nrf2 (si‐Nrf2) was transfected into LPS‐treated GES‐1 cells. Additionally, mice were administered the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 to confirm the protective effects of BBR in vivo. BBR displayed a dose‐dependent effect in mitigating gastric tissue damage, suppressing the release of inflammatory cytokines, and reducing the expression of NLRP3, ASC, and GSDMD‐N. In vitro, BBR fostered GES‐1 cell proliferation, hindered apoptosis, and suppressed the levels of TNF‐α, IL‐18, IL‐1β, NLRP3, ASC, and GSDMD‐N. Further analysis revealed that knocking down Nrf2 reversed BBR's inhibitory effect on pyroptosis in LPS‐treated GES‐1 cells. Through binding to Keap1, BBR efficiently prevented the ubiquitination and degradation of Nrf2, ultimately promoting its nuclear translocation. In vivo experiments confirmed that ML385 reversed the protective effect of BBR on pyroptosis and inflammation. Our research reveals that BBR interacts with Keap1 to activate the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in gastric epithelial cells, thereby suppressing pyroptosis and inflammation in sepsis‐induced acute gastric injury.

NO2 is the common precursor of the secondary conversion of PM2.5 and O3. Understanding its change characteristics and influencing factors is of great significance for the collaborative treatment of PM2.5 and O3. Based on the VLF/LF three-dimensional lightning location monitoring system, SNPP/VIIRS satellite fire point data, NO2 column density in Sentinel-5P NRTI NO2 data products and other data, using various statistical methods, selecting February to April with high NO2 density and June to August with frequent lightning activities, this paper compares and analyses the influence of lightning activities on NO2 density in region A (96.5°-102°E, 20.5°-24°N) with high biomass burning in southwest Yunnan and its surrounding areas and region B (102°-104°E, 24°-26°N) with high human activities in central Yunnan. The results show that: (1) There are obvious differences in the spatial and temporal distribution of the number of lightning and NO2 column density in region A and region B. The NO2 column density outside area A is higher than that in China, but the distribution of lightning times is the opposite. The NO2 column density in region B decreases from Kunming to the surrounding area, and the number of lightning is less and more. In the dry season (November to April of the next year), the concentration of NO2 density is higher, and the rainy season (May to October) is lower, and the number of lightning is opposite. (2) From February to April, the NO2 column density in region A and region B has a significant positive spatial correlation with the number of fire points and anthropogenic CO2 emissions, respectively, but a significant negative correlation with the number of lightning. (3) Lightning activity is mostly accompanied by obvious rainfall (R≥1 mm). When the lightning activity is weak, the wet deposition effect of rainfall on the ground NO2 density is obvious, and the wet deposition effect of rain falling from the stronger lightning activity cannot completely offset the contribution of lightning to the increase of ground NO2 density. (4) The change of surface NO2 density during the first lightning from June to August is more regular than that from February to April, which shows that the ground NO2 density increases hourly in the first 6 hours and decreases slowly hourly in the last 3 hours. (5) The ground NO2 density on the lightning days in the two regions is generally higher than those on the days without lightning. Changes in biomass combustion intensity, rainfall intensity and planetary boundary layer height have a significant impact on the ground NO2 density.

Accurate prediction of the movement trajectory of sea surface targets holds significant importance in achieving an advantageous position in the sea battle field. This prediction plays a crucial role in ensuring security defense and confrontation, and is essential for effective deployment of military strategy. Accurately predicting the trajectory of sea surface targets using AIS (Automatic Identification System) information is crucial for security defense and confrontation, and holds significant importance for military strategy deployment. In response to the problem of insufficient accuracy in ship trajectory prediction, this study proposes a hybrid genetic algorithm to optimize the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm. The HGA-LSTM algorithm is proposed for ship trajectory prediction. It can converge faster and obtain better parameter solutions, thereby improving the effectiveness of ship trajectory prediction. Compared to traditional LSTM and GA-LSTM algorithms, experimental results demonstrate that this algorithm outperforms them in both single-step and multi-step prediction.

High-strength aluminum alloy have become one of the most commonly used metal materials for aerospace and automotive application parts due to its high strength， low density， excellent ductility and corrosion resistance. Wire arc additive manufacturing （WAAM） has the ability to rapidly in-situ form and manufacture complex structural parts， and is very suitable for the manufacturing of medium or large high-strength aluminium alloy parts. The current status of high-strength aluminum alloy WAAM processes and equipment， the inherent properties and defects of high-strength aluminum alloy WAAM， and the main performance optimization methods were comprehensively analyzed in this paper. The inherent characteristics of the microstructure and properties as well as the impact of hybrid additive manufacturing technologies on the microstructure and properties were discussed. Opinions are put forward on issues such as metallurgical defects， characteristic performance requirements， the advantages and disadvantages of various optimization processes in WAAM. Development directions such as a comprehensive evaluation system， composition design and wire development， special heat treatment systems and synergy of composite additive manufacturing technology are proposed. Such proposals are expected to provide references for the performance improvement and application promotion of high-strength aluminum alloys manufactured via WAAM.

AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of ZKY001 eye drops with different concentrations in the treatment of corneal epithelial defects(CED)after primary pterygium excision.METHODS: This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial. From March 15, 2022 to November 14, 2022, patients with primary pterygium who had undergone surgery were recruited from 12 tertiary hospitals across China. Using block randomization, 178 patients(178 eyes)were randomly assigned to 3 groups in a 1:1:1 ratio: 0.002% ZKY001 group(n=59), 0.004% ZKY001 group(n=59), and placebo group(n=60, receiving ZKY001 sham eye drops). Subjects in each group received 1 drop of the study drug 4 times per day for 4 d. The percentage of CED area recovery from baseline, the first complete healing time of CED area, the number of first complete healing cases of CED, and changes in visual analogue scale(VAS)scores for eye discomfort including eye pain, foreign body sensation, tearing and photophobia were observed.RESULTS: In terms of improvement in CED, there were no statistically significant differences among the three groups including the first healing time of CED, the percentage improvement in CED area compared to baseline, and the percentage of first healing cases at different follow-up visits(all P>0.05). Numerically, the first healing time of CED was shorter in the test groups compared to the placebo group(67.87±21.688 h for the 0.002% ZKY001 group, 61.48±22.091 h for the 0.004% ZKY001 group, and 68.85±20.851 h for the placebo group). On D1 morning, the percentage improvement in CED area compared to baseline was maximally different from the placebo group, and the numerical difference advantage was maintained at subsequent follow-up visits. The number of first healing cases in the CED area at different follow-up visits was higher in the test groups than the placebo group. In terms of improvement in ocular discomfort, the total VAS scores were lower in the test groups compared to the placebo group, mainly due to reductions in foreign body sensation and pain scores. At D3, the 0.004% ZKY001 group showed statistically significant improvement in foreign body sensation(P

Stickler syndrome is a hereditary connective tissue disorder, characterized in ocular manifestations by high myopia and vitreous abnormalities. The progression of the disease can lead to giant retinal tear and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, making it the most common cause of inherited pediatric retinal detachment. Surgical intervention is the primary treatment for retinal detachment associated with Stickler syndrome. However, there are currently no evidence-based management strategies. Patients typically require multiple surgeries, with low reattachment rates and high recurrence rates, emphasizing the importance of prophylactic treatment. Current prophylactic measures include scleral bucking, laser photocoagulation and retinal cryotherapy, but their absolute benefits remain insufficiently supported. This review summarizes recent advances in the prophylaxis and treatment of retinal detachment in Stickler syndrome, aiming to provide new insights and essential references for the prevention and treatment for such conditions.

Historical cultural heritage sites are valuable for all of mankind, as they reflect the material and spiritual wealth of by nations, countries, or specific groups during the development of human civilization. The types and functions of microorganisms that form biofilms on the surfaces of architectural heritage sites influence measures to preserve and protect these sites. These microorganisms contribute to the biocorrosion of architectural heritage structures through the cycling of chemical elements. The ancient city wall of Shou County is a famous architectural and cultural heritage site from China’s Song Dynasty, and the protection and study of this site have substantial historical and cultural significance. In this study, we used metagenomics to study the microbial diversity and taxonomic composition of the Song Dynasty city wall in Shou County, a tangible example of Chinese cultural heritage. The study covered three main topics: (1) examining the distribution of bacteria in the biofilm on the surfaces of the Song Dynasty city wall in Shou County; (2) predicting the influence of bacteria involved in the C, N, and S cycles on the corrosion of the city wall via functional gene analysis; and (3) discussing cultural heritage site protection measures for biocorrosion-related bacteria to investigate the impact of biocorrosion on the Song Dynasty city wall in Shou County, a tangible example of Chinese cultural heritage. The study revealed that (1) the biofilm bacteria mainly belonged to Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, which accounted for more than 70% of the total bacteria in the biofilms. The proportion of fungi in the microbial community of the well-preserved city wall was greater than that in the damaged city wall. The proportion of archaea was low—less than 1%. (2) According to the Shannon diversity index, the well-preserved portion of the ancient city wall had the highest diversity of bacteria, fungi, and archaea, and bacterial diversity on the good city wall was greater than that on the corroded city wall. (3) Bray–Curtis distances revealed that the genomes of the two good city walls were similar and that the genomes of the corroded city wall portions were similar. Researchers also detected human intestine-related bacteria in four locations on the city walls, with the proportion of these bacteria in the microbial community being greater on good city walls than on bad city walls. (4) KEGG functional analysis revealed that the energy metabolism and inorganic ion transport activities of the bacterial community on the corroded city wall were greater than those of the good city wall. (5) In the carbon cycle, the absence of active glycolysis, the ED pathway, and the TCA cycle played significant roles in the collapse of the east city wall. (6) The nitrogen cycling processes involved ammonia oxidation and nitrite reduction to nitrate. (7) In the sulfur cycle, researchers discovered a crucial differential functional gene, SoxY, which facilitates the conversion of thiosulfate to sulfate. This study suggests that, in the future, biological approaches can be used to help cultural heritage site protectors achieve targeted and precise protection of cultural relics through the use of microbial growth inhibition technology. The results of this study serve as a guide for the protection of cultural heritage sites in other parts of China and provide a useful supplement to research on the protection of world cultural heritage or architectural heritage sites.

Brain of computility network is the intelligent center of computility network, and it is the key system to realize multi-element orchestration and scheduling of computility network. Intelligence is the core of realizing and improving the flexible, agile and efficient orchestration, management and operation capability of the brain of computility network. Many companies in the communication industry have focused on the introduction of intelligent technology of the brain of computility network on the basis of the early realization of the products, and put forward high expectations for the intelligent evolution of the brain of computility network in the future. However, at present, there is no systematic evaluation method for the intelligence level of the brain of computility network, which cannot well evaluate the intelligence level, upgrading stages and key indicators to be optimized. Based on the existing work and demand analysis in the industry, the goal and stage capability of the intelligent evolution of the brain of computility network were studied, and a classification method of the intelligent level of the brain of computility network was put forward, which included detailed steps such as the selection of the evaluation object, the decomposition of the evaluation process, the consideration of the constraint indicators, and a complete set of rules for the evaluation of the intelligent level of the brain of computility network. Finally a concrete application example was given. The proposed method can effectively quantify the specific level of the brain of computility network system, clarify the direction and index of its evolution to the next level, and provide reference for industry intelligent evaluation and system construction.

Purposes Accurate acquisition of vehicle driving state parameters and road adhesion coefficient is very important to maintain the safety and stability of distributed drive electric vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to get an algorithm that can accurately estimate the parameters, which can not only reduce the cost of mass production vehicles, but also achieve the purpose of vehicle safety and stability. Methods In this paper, a joint estimation algorithm is investigated. First, a 3-degree-of-freedom vehicle model is established, and a parameter estimator is built by applying the volumetric Kalman filtering algorithm based on the singular value decomposition method. Then, the Carsim/Simulink simulation experiment platform is built, and high and low attachments and buttressing road double shift line conditions are used for simulation verification. Findings The simulation experiment results show that the estimator can estimate the real values of parameters more accurately. On the basis of the good estimation effect of the simulation, a real vehicle experimental platform is built, and further verification is carried out to conclude that the real-vehicle experimental results are consistent with the trend of the simulation results, and the algorithm has good estimation accuracy and timeliness.

Objective: This study aimed to optimize the process conditions for the large-scale production of milk-derived casein glycomacropeptide （CGMP） and explore its hemagglutination inhibition （HI） ability against influenza virus. Methods: Using anion exchange resin as the separation medium and sialic acid content the activity detection index of the product,based on the preliminary small and medium-sized tests, the large-scale production of CGMP from whey powder was investigated from five process conditions: sample volume, loading flow, eluent concentration, eluent volume, and resin service cycle. Meanwhile, a hemagglutination inhibition test was used to verify the inhibitory activity of the product CGMP against the influenza virus. Results: The optimized technical route of CGMP product is as follows: loading volume 3BV, loading flow 0.8 L/min, elution volume 1BV, eluent concentration 0.6 mol/L, and suitable use cycle of resin 4 times. Under these conditions, the volume of whey powder solution was 108 L （2 160 g） and the resin was 36 L, and 21.183 g of CGMP product was obtained, with a yield of 0.981 g/100 g, the product purity of 89.032%, the recovery rate of 51.972% and the sialic acid content of 21.503 g/100 g. The minimum inhibitory concentration of CGMP products on influenza virus A （H1N1） and influenza virus B is 1.000 0 and 1.250 0 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The purity and sialic acid content of CGMP produced by the optimized technical route were better than those of commercial CGMP, and had an obvious inhibitory effect on the influenza virus.

Xinlyu Huang,1 Pengxiang Zhao,2 Gongjie Zhang,1 Xiangxi Su,1 Hanlin Li,1 Huizi Gong,1 Xuemei Ma,2 Fang Liu1 1Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Cosmetology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fang Liu, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Cosmetology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email roseliufang@qq.comPurpose: Alopecia significantly affects the appearance and psychology of patients, and pharmacological therapies and hair transplantation are the main treatments for alopecia, but both have limitations. This review aimed to summarize the non-pharmacological therapies that promote hair growth and regeneration.Patients and Methods: This is a non-systematic review. Multiple databases was searched with relevant data published between 1997 and 2024. Searching and screening followed the PRISMA guidelines.Results: Novel therapeutic modalities, such as gas molecules, platelet-rich plasma, laser, and microneedling, can change the microenvironment of hair follicles, activate hair follicle stem cells, and promote hair growth and regeneration.Conclusion: This paper reviews research on the application of non-pharmacological therapies in alopecia treatment and hair regeneration, with a view to providing an important basis for future research on alopecia treatment and the postoperative treatment of patients after hair transplantation.Keywords: alopecia, hair regrowth, non-pharmacologic, gas therapy, regenerative cellular therapy, laser therapy, microneedle therapy

To study the vacuum arc remelting process and improve the homogenization and cleanliness level of large-sized superalloy ingot， numerical simulation and industrial experiment were carried out to investigate the evolution of molten pool， solidification characteristics and inclusion distribution in a ϕ690 mm GH4738 superalloy ingot during vacuum arc remelting. The results show that as the melting progresses， the simulated molten pool morphology changes from a "shallow flat" shape to a "shallow U " shape. After melting for 500 minutes， the depth of the molten pool and the width of the mushy zone tend to stabilize， with maximum molten pool depth and mushy zone width being 200.88 mm and 72.38 mm respectively. During stable melting， the cooling rate at the surface and center of the casting ingot is 0.126K / s and 0.009 K/s， respectively， and after the height of the ingot is exceeds 0.4 m， the cooling rate of the casting ingot is basically stable.The trajectories of six particle size inclusions in the molten pool were simulated. Large size inclusions （>20 μm） were subjected to the fluid flow and buoyancy to move helically in the molten pool and were eventually trapped at the ingot sidewalls， while small size inclusions （≤10 μm） entered the molten pool and then moved inward along the bottom of the pool， eventually remaining inside the ingot， which is basically consistent with the detection value of the industrial ingot.

Freeze–thaw cycles significantly impact resource development and construction projects in alpine regions. This study presents a bibliometric analysis based on the Web of Science database, spanning the period from 2000 to 2023. This analysis evaluates the status of hotspots and research trends in freeze–thaw rock. Our findings reveal that rock freeze–thaw research is a typical multiauthor, multicounty, and multi-institution cooperative field involved in many research fields. China had the highest number (420) of peer-review publications. According to the number of publications, 28 of the top 30 institutions are in China. The top 30 authors, ranked by their publications, contributed 55.4% of the total publications. The cumulative number of publications has presented an exponential increase over the past 23 years, with maximum annual growth rate of 36.9%. The keyword analysis suggests the emergence of modern technological techniques, including numerical simulation, microscopic rock structure analysis, and machine learning, in recent years augment to traditional methods. This article also identifies three potential areas for future research, thereby aiding in understanding the past developments, current status, and future trends of freeze–thaw rock research. Additionally, it provides a theoretical basis for engineering construction and slope disaster management in alpine regions.

Objective With the increase in underground engineering projects, more and more projects are adopting in-situ protection technology targeting the issues caused by relocating urban underground high-voltage cables. Therefore, it is necessary to study the in-situ protection of underground high-voltage cables crossing metro foundation pit. Method Taking a metro station of Foshan Metro Line 2 Phase I project as example, the in-situ protection method of closing the enclosure structure without special techniques is analyzed when 200 kV high-voltage cables crossing the metro foundation pit. The in-situ protection measures at the intersection of pipelines and enclosure structure are introduced, along with the in-situ protection measures and calculation methods for pipelines within the foundation pit. The effectiveness of the proposed protection method is verified through construction and on-site implementation. Result & Conclusion Due to the significant impact on the safety of foundation pit, the in-situ protection at the intersection of underground cables and the enclosure structure is of utmost importance. When geological conditions are favorable, the enclosure structure construction is unnecessary at the intersection of underground cables and enclosure structure. Prior to foundation pit excavation, reinforcement and improvement measures such as jet grouting piles, MJS (metro jet system) piles, or grouting can be applied to surrounding strata. Concrete baffles can be constructed reversely at the gap of the enclosure structure during foundation pit vertical excavation process. In-situ protection of underground cables within the foundation pit can adopt suspension protection measures such as Bailey frame based on stress calculations. For foundation pit with a larger span, temporary columns can be installed in the middle of the foundation pit for span reduction.

Microwave dielectric ceramics, owing to their ability to serve as dielectrics in microwave circuits, are widely used in communications, navigation, radar, satellite, and other fields as a key foundational material in modern communications technology.Grounded in an analysis of the current state of microwave dielectric ceramics and their corresponding industry both in China and abroad,this study identifies the challenges faced in the development of these ceramics in China and proposes a strategy for the independent development of microwave dielectric ceramics, encompassing development goals, strategies, key directions, and a development roadmap.The study aims to promote the development of microwave dielectric ceramics, facilitate the shift of the product structure from mid- to high-end products, and achieve breakthroughs in high-performance microwave dielectric ceramics preparation techniques and the independent production of upstream high-purity raw materials. Recommendations for research include strengthening the basic research and application foundations of microwave dielectric ceramics, enhancing innovative research and development in key areas of microwave communications, actively planning for 6G dielectric ceramics, and strengthening the development of the industry’s ecosystem.

Human exposure to metal(loid)s has dramatically increased over the past five decades, which has triggered public concern worldwide. Recently, gut microbiota has been considered a target for metal(loid)s, and some literature has reviewed the interactions between gut microbiota and heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) with high toxicity. However, whether there is an interaction between gut microbiota and metal(loid)s with essential roles or some normal functions are far from clear to date. Importantly, in addition to traditional probiotics that have been clarified to alleviate the adverse effect of HMs on the body, some novel probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics may also exhibit comparable or even better abilities of metal(loid) remediation. In this review, we mainly outline and discuss recent research findings on the metal(loid)-gut microbiota interactions and microbiota-related protective strategies.

Longjun Sun,1,* Wenjuan Chen,2,* Peixi Zhao,3 Bin Zhao,4 Guangyan Lei,1 Le Han,1,* Yili Zhang2,* 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Le Han, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Email millyhan1@sohu.com Yili Zhang, Department of Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Email doctor_z2023@stu.xjtu.edu.cnIntroduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and deadly malignancy. Traditional Chinese medicine, such as the compound Astragalus (wild Baicalin), has shown promise in improving outcomes for HCC patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of wild Baicalin on the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 and elucidate the underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of the AKR1B10 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with varying concentrations of wild Baicalin. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and cell cycle were evaluated using CCK-8, flow cytometry, scratch, Transwell, and clonogenic assays, respectively. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to analyze gene expression changes induced by wild Baicalin. Differentially expressed genes were identified and analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. The expression of AKR1B10 and PI3K was validated by qPCR.Results: Wild Baicalin inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, suppressed migration and invasion, and caused cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Transcriptome sequencing revealed 1202 differentially expressed genes, including 486 upregulated and 716 downregulated genes. GO analysis indicated that biological processes were pivotal in the anticancer mechanism of wild Baicalin, while KEGG analysis identified metabolic pathways as the most significantly regulated. AKR1B10 and PI3K, key genes in metabolic pathways, were downregulated by wild Baicalin, which was confirmed by qPCR.Discussion: The findings suggest that wild Baicalin exhibits potent anticancer effects against HepG2 cells by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation, migration, and invasion, and causing cell cycle arrest. The regulatory effects of wild Baicalin on the AKR1B10 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways appear to be critical for its inhibitory effects on HCC cell proliferation. These results provide new insights into the mechanism of action of wild Baicalin and support its potential as a therapeutic approach for HCC treatment. Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, wild baicalin, transcriptome sequencing, apoptosis

The impact of international geopolitics on transportation network patterns is an important topic in economics and transportation geography. Previous studies have often overlooked the diversity of domestic crude oil transportation among countries due to limitations in statistical data, focusing mainly on national-level node selection. Additionally, the evolution of network characteristics is predominantly analyzed through long-term descriptive approaches, lacking specific contextual analyses of network evolution. This study investigates changes in the maritime crude oil transportation network along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) routes against the backdrop of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, offering new evidence for research in this field. Using AIS(Automatic Identification System) ship trajectory big data and complex network analysis methods, this study analyzes the overall characteristics, node importance, core-periphery structure, and clustering of the maritime crude oil transportation network along the BRI routes from 2019 to 2022. Furthermore, it examines the impact of maritime network changes on the stability of crude oil imports to China. Our findings reveal several key points. 1) The closeness, strength, and accessibility of network connections between ports show an initial increase followed by a decreasing trend. The direction of the overall network characteristic changes in the periods 2019-2020 and 2020-2022 are opposite, with a greater magnitude in the latter period. In recent years, particularly following the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the scale-free nature of the network has continuously increased, accompanied by an increase in the concentration of crude oil shipping connections. This concentration, notably evident towards export destinations, reflects a shifting pattern in the crude oil supply demand landscape, spatially manifested as China replacing some of its crude oil shipping connections with the Middle East, thus reducing its reliance on Russian crude oil shipments. 2) The comprehensive importance of export ports has become more prominent, with a slight decrease followed by a significant increase in recent years. The importance of ports in Russia's Far East region has notably increased, reflecting a shift in Russia's crude oil export center eastward after the Russia-Ukraine conflict. The network structure transitioned from single-core to multi-core to single-core with export ports occupying more central layers. 3) Initially, there was a continuation of the core-periphery and clustering structures, but later, there was significant structural reorganization. In 2020, the core-periphery structure and clustering in terms of core ports, geographical distribution, and cluster size were largely the same as corresponding clusters in 2019; however, by 2022, a noticeable structural reorganization emerged. 4) Changes in maritime networks significantly and heterogeneously affect China's crude oil import stability. At the network level, import stability initially increases and then decreases, with the decline in the later period far exceeding that in the earlier period. At the port level, compared to ports around Bohai Bay and the Yangtze River Delta, ports along the southeastern coast, Pearl River Delta, and southwestern coast were more affected by the Russia-Ukraine conflict in terms of crude oil import stability. China responded to the risk of instability in its crude oil import network against the backdrop of the Russia-Ukraine conflict by adjusting its sources and proportions of imports from different ports. This study provides scientific evidence for a deeper understanding of the impact of geopolitical events on China's oil imports and the formulation of national energy security strategies.

C21H20Cl2N2O2, orthorhombic, P21 (no. 4), a = 8.3667(14) Å, b = 15.444(3) Å, c = 15.105(2) Å, V = 1951.9(6) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt (F) = 0.0481, wRref (F 2) = 0.1574, T = 292 K.

[C8H11N3O4], monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 4.5811(16) Å, b = 19.734(7) Å, c = 11.812(4) Å, β = 101.181(11)°, V = 1047.6(6) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt (F) = 0.0742, wRref (F 2) = 0.1176, T = 296(2) K.

C21H25N3O2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.6536(6) Å, b = 11.027(1) Å, c = 12.6899(11) Å, α = 66.863(2)°, β = 80.598(2)°, γ = 71.772(2)°, V = 934.38(14) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0679, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1150, T = 296 K.

Synchroa medogensis, a new species of Synchroidae Lacordaire, 1859, is described and illustrated, based on a single male collected from Mêdog, Xizang, China. This new species is close to S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999 and S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895, but could be distinguished by the elongated antennae and elytra, the apically narrowed prosternal process and the stout parameres.The new information of this new species provided in this paper include: description, type information, distribution and comparison amongst S. medogensis sp. nov., S. elongatula and S. melanotoides.

Abstract With the increasing trend of global aging, sarcopenia has become a significant public health issue. Goji berry, also known as “Gou qi zi” in China, is a traditional Chinese herb that can enhance the structure and function of muscles and bones. Otherwise, previous excellent publications illustrated that plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles can exert good bioactive functions in different aging or disease models. Thus, we issued the hypothesis that Gouqi-derived nanovesicles (GqDNVs) may also have the ability to improve skeletal muscle health, though the effect and its mechanism need to be explored. Hence, we have extracted GqDNVs from fresh berries of Lycium barbarum L. (goji) and found that the contents of GqDNVs are rich in saccharides and lipids. Based on the pathway annotations and predictions in non-targeted metabolome analysis, GqDNVs are tightly associated with the pathways in metabolism. In muscle atrophy model mice, intramuscular injection of GqDNVs improves the cross-sectional area of the quadriceps muscle, grip strength and the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α pathway expression. After separately inhibiting AMPK or PGC1α in C2C12 cells with dexamethasone administration, we have found that the activated AMPK plays the chief role in improving cell proliferation induced by GqDNVs. Furthermore, the energy-targeted metabolome analysis in the quadriceps muscle demonstrates that the GqDNVs up-regulate the metabolism of amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, autophagy and oxidative phosphorylation process, which indicates the activation of muscle regeneration. Besides, the Spearman rank analysis shows close associations between the quality and function of skeletal muscle, metabolites and expression levels of AMPK and SIRT1. In this study, we provide a new founding that GqDNVs can improve the quality and function of skeletal muscle accompanying the activated AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway. Therefore, GqDNVs have the effect of anti-aging skeletal muscle as a potential adjuvant or complementary method or idea in future therapy and research. Graphical Abstract

The rapid development of information technology has triggered an explosion of data, marking the era of big data. A wide range of transportation big data has been used in urban space and travel behavior studies since the beginning of this century. Mobile phone signaling data in particular have many advantages: they have prevalent spatial and temporal coverage, high tracking stability, satisfactory resolution, and low cost. The description of urban phenomena and the analysis of their forming mechanisms using mobile phone signaling data are thoroughly studied by previous research. The next course of action is to tackle specific urban problems. This study summarizes the application progress of mobile phone signaling data in job-housing relationships and travel behavior studies, discusses the application prospects of mobile phone signaling data in transportation carbon emissions research based on past applications and the existing literature on low-carbon transportation, and proposes a research framework and several future directions for studies using mobile phone big data to examine job-housing relationships, travel behavior, and transportation carbon emissions. We first provide a brief introduction to the features of mobile phone signaling data in comparison with other commonly used data types, including their type, content, and spatial-temporal resolution. We then review the existing applications in job housing and travel research. Regarding the jobs-housing relationship, prior studies employ mobile phone signaling data to detect the spatial distribution of workplaces and residences of urban dwellers, analyze jobs-housing relationship features and urban spatial structure characteristics, and examine the factors influencing jobs-housing relationships. Regarding travel behavior, studies employ mobile phone signaling data to identify stays and trips, infer trip modes, detect trip routes, and explore the universal laws of human mobility. Next, we also discuss how mobile phone signaling data can be applied to transportation carbon emissions research. Indeed, mobile phone signaling data can be used in the calculation of transportation carbon emissions and analysis of the relationships between urban spatial structure, individual travel behavior, and transportation carbon emissions, and its wide coverage and large sample size can be exploited to fill research gaps and problems that have yet to be resolved using traditional traffic datasets. Finally, we present a research framework underlining the indirect and direct effects of the jobs-housing relationship and travel behavior on transportation carbon emissions. We also propose future directions in study contents and methodological innovations by recommending long time-series longitudinal studies, large-scale comparative studies, and new population and transportation phenomena. We further recommend fusing multi-source big and small data, incorporating machine learning algorithms into traditional statistical analyses, and constructing digital twin models. Examining the jobs–housing relationship, travel behavior, and transport carbon emissions using mobile phone signaling data is essential for clarifying the interactions between urban and regional structures, travel behavior characteristics, and transport carbon emissions. It has important implications for emissions reduction and sustainable development in the context of proposing carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

ThO2 can produce many nuclides after accelerator bombardment, such as Actinium-225, Radium-223, Molybdenum-99, Iodine-131, Strontium-90, etc. There are many methods for measuring heavy elements such as thorium, but most of them are complicated to operate. Spectrophotometry has the advantages of simple sample preparation and low operation difficulty, and can be used as a quantitative analysis method for thorium and other heavy elements. ThO2 was dissolved with nitric acid and hydrogen fluoride, and the concentration of Th(IV) in ThO2 solution was quantitatively analyzed with Arsenazo III as the chromogenic agent. Under the environment of 2 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution and 0.1 g/L Arsenazo III solution, the coordination ratio of Arsenazo III and Th(IV) is 5 : 2 under the experimental conditions. The maximum absorption wavelength before and after color development is 534.0 nm and 663.2 nm, respectively, and the contrast is 129.2 nm. The method in 0.2-5.0 mg/L is in accordance with Lambert-Beer’s law, the standard curve equation y＝0.06641x+0.00176, R2＝0.99981. The molar absorption coefficient of 1.64×104. Method detection limit is 0.31 μg/L, and quantitative limit is 0.97 μg/L. The method is stable within 4 h. The recovery is 97.33%-104.03%, and the largest standard deviation is 0.32%. The method was compared with GB/T 12690.12-2003, the process was simplified and the results were basically consistent.

In the present paper, we first establish and verify a new sharp hyperbolic version of the Michael-Simon inequality for mean curvatures in hyperbolic space Hn+1 ${\mathbb{H}}^{n+1}$ based on the locally constrained inverse curvature flow introduced by Brendle, Guan and Li (“An inverse curvature type hypersurface flow in Hn+1 ${\mathbb{H}}^{n+1}$ ,” (Preprint)) as follows(0.1)∫Mλ′f2E12+|∇Mf|2−∫M∇̄fλ′,ν+∫∂Mf≥ωn1n∫Mfnn−1n−1n $$\underset{M}{\int }{\lambda }^{\prime }\sqrt{{f}^{2}{E}_{1}^{2}+\vert {\nabla }^{M}f{\vert }^{2}}-\underset{M}{\int }\langle \bar{\nabla }\left(f{\lambda }^{\prime }\right),\nu \rangle +\underset{\partial M}{\int }f\ge {\omega }_{n}^{\frac{1}{n}}{\left(\underset{M}{\int }{f}^{\frac{n}{n-1}}\right)}^{\frac{n-1}{n}}$$ provided that M is h-convex and f is a positive smooth function, where λ′(r) = coshr. In particular, when f is of constant, (0.1) coincides with the Minkowski type inequality stated by Brendle, Hung, and Wang in (“A Minkowski inequality for hypersurfaces in the anti-de Sitter-Schwarzschild manifold,” Commun. Pure Appl. Math., vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 124–144, 2016). Further, we also establish and confirm a new sharp Michael-Simon inequality for the kth mean curvatures in Hn+1 ${\mathbb{H}}^{n+1}$ by virtue of the Brendle-Guan-Li’s flow (“An inverse curvature type hypersurface flow in Hn+1 ${\mathbb{H}}^{n+1}$ ,” (Preprint)) as below(0.2)∫Mλ′f2Ek2+|∇Mf|2Ek−12−∫M∇̄fλ′,ν⋅Ek−1+∫∂Mf⋅Ek−1≥pk◦q1−1(W1(Ω))1n−k+1∫Mfn−k+1n−k⋅Ek−1n−kn−k+1 \begin{align}\hfill & \underset{M}{\int }{\lambda }^{\prime }\sqrt{{f}^{2}{E}_{k}^{2}+\vert {\nabla }^{M}f{\vert }^{2}{E}_{k-1}^{2}}-\underset{M}{\int }\langle \bar{\nabla }\left(f{\lambda }^{\prime }\right),\nu \rangle \cdot {E}_{k-1}+\underset{\partial M}{\int }f\cdot {E}_{k-1}\hfill \\ \hfill & \quad \ge {\left({p}_{k}{\circ}{q}_{1}^{-1}\left({W}_{1}\left({\Omega}\right)\right)\right)}^{\frac{1}{n-k+1}}{\left(\underset{M}{\int }{f}^{\frac{n-k+1}{n-k}}\cdot {E}_{k-1}\right)}^{\frac{n-k}{n-k+1}}\hfill \end{align} provided that M is h-convex and Ω is the domain enclosed by M, p k(r) = ω n(λ′)k−1, W1(Ω)=1n|M| ${W}_{1}\left({\Omega}\right)=\frac{1}{n}\vert M\vert $ , λ′(r) = coshr, q1(r)=W1Srn+1 ${q}_{1}\left(r\right)={W}_{1}\left({S}_{r}^{n+1}\right)$ , the area for a geodesic sphere of radius r, and q1−1 ${q}_{1}^{-1}$ is the inverse function of q 1. In particular, when f is of constant and k is odd, (0.2) is exactly the weighted Alexandrov–Fenchel inequalities proven by Hu, Li, and Wei in (“Locally constrained curvature flows and geometric inequalities in hyperbolic space,” Math. Ann., vol. 382, nos. 3–4, pp. 1425–1474, 2022).

Nian-Fang Lu,1 Hong-Xia Niu,2 An-Qi Liu,1 Ya-Lei Chen,1 Hu-Nan Liu,1 Pei-Hong Zhao,1 Jun Shao,3 Xiu-Ming Xi4 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Capital Medical University Electric Teaching Hospital/Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Emergency, Capital Medical University Electric Teaching Hospital/Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, Subei People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Capital Medical University Fuxing Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiu-Ming Xi, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Capital Medical University Fuxing Hospital, No. 20 Fuxingmenwai Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100038, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13801244610, Email xixuimingxxm@126.com Jun Shao, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Subei People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Guangling District, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18051061365, Email shaojunsj_08@126.comObjective: To explore the prognostic outcomes associated with different types of septic cardiomyopathy and analyze the factors that exert an influence on these outcomes.Methods: The data collected within 24 hours of ICU admission included cardiac troponin I (cTnI), N-terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP); SOFA (sequential organ failure assessment) scores, and the proportion of vasopressor use. Based on echocardiographic outcomes, septic cardiomyopathy was categorized into left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, LV diastolic dysfunction, and right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction. Differences between the mortality and survival groups, as well as between each cardiomyopathy subgroup and the non-cardiomyopathy group were compared, to explore the influencing factors of cardiomyopathy.Results: A cohort of 184 patients were included in this study, with LV diastolic dysfunction having the highest incidence rate (43.5%). The mortality group had significantly higher SOFA scores, vasopressor use, and cTnI levels compared to the survival group; the survival group had better LV diastolic function than the mortality group (p < 0.05 for all). In contrast to the non-cardiomyopathy group, each subgroup within the cardiomyopathy category exhibited elevated levels of cTnI. The subgroup with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction demonstrated a higher prevalence of advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and an increased mortality rate; the RV systolic dysfunction subgroup had higher SOFA scores and NT-proBNP levels, and a higher mortality rate (P < 0.05 for all); the LV systolic dysfunction subgroup had a similar mortality rate (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Patients with advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or coronary artery disease are more prone to develop LV diastolic dysfunction type of cardiomyopathy; cardiomyopathy subgroups had higher levels of cTnI. The RV systolic dysfunction cardiomyopathy subgroup had higher SOFA scores and NT-proBNP levels. The occurrence of RV systolic dysfunction in patients with sepsis significantly increased the mortality rate.Keywords: cardiac function, echocardiography, influencing factors, prognosis, sepsis, septic cardiomyopathy

AbstractPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) holds promise as a therapeutic modality for wound healing; however, immediate utilization encounters challenges related to volume, concentration, and consistency. Cryopreservation emerges as a viable solution, preserving PRP’s bioactive components and extending its shelf life. This study explores the practicality and efficacy of cryopreserved platelet-rich plasma (cPRP) in wound healing, scrutinizing both cellular mechanisms and clinical implications. Fresh PRP and cPRP post freeze-thaw underwent assessment in macrophage, fibroblast, and endothelial cell cultures. The impact of cPRP on active component release and cell behavior pertinent to wound healing was evaluated. Varied concentrations of cPRP (1%, 5%, 10%) were examined for their influence on cell polarization, migration, and proliferation. The results showed minimal changes in cPRP’s IL-1β levels, a slight decrease in PDGF-BB, and superior effects on macrophage M2 polarization and fibroblast migration, while no statistical significance was observed in endothelial cell angiogenesis and proliferation. Remarkably, 5% PRP exhibited the most significant stimulation among all cPRP concentrations, notably impacting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and migration. The discussion underscores that cPRP maintains platelet phenotype and function over extended periods, with 5% cPRP offering the most favorable outcomes, providing a pragmatic approach for cold storage to extend post-thaw viability and amplify therapeutic effects.

ABSTRACTThere is limited evidence to support the association between tuberculosis (TB) and the occurrence of Takayasu arteritis (TAK). To investigate the incidence of active TB (ATB) in TAK and explore the impact of anti-rheumatic therapy on the occurrence of ATB or reactivation of Latent TB infection (LTBI) and their effect on interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) results, we conducted a prospective study based on the Chinese Registry for Systemic Vasculitis cohort. The standard incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated and stratified by age. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to determine the effect of variables on ATB or LTBI reactivation in patients with TAK. Data from 825 patients with TAK in the registry were analysed. During a median follow-up of 5 years, 5 patients developed ATB with a crude incidence of 154 (95%CI:57–381) person-years/100,000. The SIR was 5.59 (95%CI:1.81–13.04). Glucocorticoids and conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (cDMARDs) did not increase the risk of ATB or LTBI reactivation (P > 0.05). However, the use of tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) increased the risk of ATB in patients with LTBI (P

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease, and quality of life of COPD patients can be severely impaired with increasing severity of disease. As a kind of exercise in Traditional medicine, Baduanjin Qigong is an aerobic exercise which is suitable for elderly patients. It can improve the cardiopulmonary function of patients and is conducive to the rehabilitation of COPD. This article summarized the effective intervention of Baduanjin Qigong exercise therapy on elderly patients with COPD in stable stage, and provided reference for modify the exercise prescription for elderly patients with CODP. (慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是临床老年患者常见呼吸系统疾病, 严重影响老年患者的生活质量。八段锦动作柔和缓慢, 属于有氧运动, 且不受场地限制, 适用于老年患者, 可改善其心肺功能, 有利于COPD的康复。本研究从老年COPD稳定期患者开展八段锦运动锻炼的效果、作用机制及运动方案进行综述, 以期为老年COPD患者运动处方的修订提供参考。)

In view of the high viscosity, poor fluidity and high transportation cost of heavy oil, water-annular transportation is an effective solution to realize the flow drag reduction during heavy oil transportation, but the large density difference between oil and water leads to the instability of water annular. For this reason, a superhydrophilic surface is introduced to improve the stability of the water annular in the pipeline and reduce the transportation resistance of heavy oil. Besides, the enhancement of heavy oil transportation by superhydrophilic surface was verified through numerical simulation and experiments in combination. Meanwhile, the effect of various factors on oil-water flow, oil-water distribution and pressure drop in pipelines during water-annular transportation were analyzed. The research results show that the superhydrophilic surface could improve the stability of water annular in the water-annular transportation system of heavy oil, with the obvious effect of flow drag reduction. Compared with the water-annular white oil transportation by ordinary pipeline, the flow drag reduction of over 17.49% can be realized, the maximum flow drag reduction is up to 50.15%, and the enhancement is within 9.06%-39.09% after the superhydrophilic surface is introduced. Compared with the white oil transportation without water annular, the flow drag reduction can reach 72.02%-78.21%. Generally, the superhydrophilic surface could significantly enhance water-annular heavy oil transportation with promising application prospects, capable of effectively improving the applicability of water-annular heavy oil transportation technology.

The study focuses on creating a stacking device for medical urine cups, integrating pressing, storing, and collecting mechanisms to streamline palletizing without manual intervention. This approach enhances efficiency and reduces costs. The device features a working table equipped with a pressing device at the top and a holding device below it, followed by a collecting device at the bottom. The pressing device is composed of a motor, a CAM, a pressing cylinder head, an F-shaped frame, and a large spring. This configuration ensures that the urine cups maintain their shape and are tightly stacked without damage. A rubber ring facilitates a snug fit between the shaped column and the urine cup, evenly distributing force. In addition, a small spring and push block separate the column and cup, countering inertia and enhancing stacking quality. The device thus significantly improves the palletizing process of urine cups.

Objective: To develop an automatic test tube classification and storage device that sorts test tube boxes by detecting the box height and test tube cap color, improving laboratory efficiency and accuracy. Methods: An upper computer uses a No. 1 push rod to allocate test tube boxes to specific branch conveyor belts based on initial sorting criteria. Further sorting is done by the No. 2 push rod, which places boxes into adjustable slots within a seven-layer elevating storage system, categorizing them by day through height adjustment to match the conveyor belt. Conclusion: This invention automates test tube sorting and storage, aiding medical staff in quickly and accurately locating test tubes post-inspection.

Abstract Background Despite advances in treatments for gastric cancer (GC), new targets are needed to enhance treatment, especially when mesenchymal‐epithelial transition (MET) amplification is involved. Therefore, we investigated the genomic features of MET‐amplified GC and efficacy of anti‐MET therapy. Methods Genomic features were investigated in 2284 patients (cohort 1) and 438 patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA cohort). RNA data were obtained from TCGA for expression analysis. Clinical responses of 71 patients (cohort 2) were investigated. Survival rates were compared by Kaplan–Meier and log‐rank tests. Results In cohort 1, 95 (4.2%) exhibited MET amplifications. In TCGA cohort, 15 (3.4%) exhibited MET amplifications. The five top mutated genes were TP53, CDH1, ARID1A, KMT2D and PIK3CA in cohort 1 and TTN, TP53, MUC16, LRP1B and SYNE1 in TCGA cohort. TP53, PIK3CA, KRAS and GNAS showed significant single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in cohort 1, and TP53 SNVs were significant in TCGA cohort. Fifteen and 18 genes showed significant copy number variations (CNVs) between the MET‐ and non‐MET‐amplified groups in cohort 1 and TCGA cohort, respectively. The PI3K pathway was significantly activated in Chinese patients with MET‐amplified GC (p = 0.002). TP53 expression is negatively associated with MET amplification. Real‐world data obtained with cohort 2 revealed that anti‐MET treatment significantly affected overall survival (OS) (p = 0.002), whereas CNVs did not affect progression‐free or OS even when treatment lines were considered. Conclusions MET‐amplified GC has a distinctive mutation landscape. Our findings provide valuable information for clinicians who treat patients with MET‐amplified GC.

In order to solve the problem that the selection of key process parameters of a flexible soldering robot depends on manual experience, the empirical model of its THT assembly process parameters is established with the response surface method and the reliability of the model is verified. On this basis, the multi-parameter relative sensitivity of the key process parameters is analyzed through the Monte-Carlo simulation, and their single-parameter sensitivity curve is drawn. Then, based on the sensitivity analysis, the stability region division method is designed, and the stability region of process parameters for soldering quality comprehensive score is obtained. The optimal region of process parameters of the soldering robot are acquired by compressing the stability region: soldering temperature from 350-368 ℃, soldering time from 1.31-1.48 s and solder feeding volume from 1.5-2.0 mm3. The average value of the soldering quality comprehensive score within the optimal region of process parameters is 90.2 points.

Flexible polishing technology is widely used in the precision machining of aero-engine blisk blades. It has become one of the important research contents of flexible polishing technology to systematically study the flexible polishing process and understand the connotation of the microscopic morphology of the polished surface. In this paper, the flapwheel is used as a flexible abrasive tool, and the spatial kinematics model for the abrasive grains on the surface of the flapwheel and the geometric interference model for the abrasive grains and workpiece are established by transforming the spatial geometric coordinates. Based on the surface topography model for the abrasive tool, MATLAB software was used to simulate the micro topography generation process of the flexible polishing surface with flapwheel as abrasive tool, and the three-dimensional topography of the workpiece surface and its influence law under different process parameters were obtained. The polishing experimental results verified the simulation algorithm correctness and effectiveness.

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and its mortality rate remains high. In addition to conventional surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, immunotherapy methods have been developed and used in recent years for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, only a small number of patients with NSCLC can benefit from immunotherapy strategies, and some patients even have hyperprogression after receiving immunotherapy. Therefore, precision immunotherapy requires effective biomarkers to guide it. In this paper, tissue samples, blood samples, intestinal microbiota, and other biomarkers are reviewed according to different sample sources. Blood samples, including TCR immune repertoire, Tregs cells, cytokines, lactate dehydrogenase, and other markers, are summarized and analyzed to provide reference for clinicians' diagnosis and treatment decisions.

国防科工局核能开发科研项目（cosSYST等热工水力计算分析软件的自主化研发与示范应用）资助

Oblatopyrochroa bellula, a new genus and species of Pyrochroinae Latreille, 1807 from Xizang, China, is described and illustrated. The antennae, cranial apparatus, and genitalia of the new genus form a truly unique set of characters not observed in any other pyrochroid genus. The taxonomic position and phylogenetic relationships of Oblatopyrochroa gen. nov. are also discussed but appear difficult to resolve.

Port geography is an important aspect of transportation geography. To reveal the context and characteristics of port geography research in China, we selected 24 high-quality Chinese journals published by The Geographical Society of China and China Society of Natural Resources. 552 papers related to Port Geography from these journals between 1982 and 2022 were analyzed, the results showed that research on Port geography in China has been through initial, exploration, rapid development, and research perspective transformation stages. This field has five main themes: hinterland studies, the systems, networks, and development of ports, and port-city relationships. Research on port hinterlands focuses on the integrated development of port hinterlands. However, there is still a need for further exploration because the measurement of port system centralization and decentralization is the focal point of port systems. With the development of multimodal transportation, changes in port systems have intensified the competition among ports, which scholars have tended to interpret from a macroscopic perspective. The structure of port networks involves topics such as topological spatial arrangements, changes in network structure, and network security assessments. Scholars place particular emphasis on the impact of port networks on China's development. Prior development studies have been based on comprehensive planning that considers natural, economic, and societal conditions, port layout, and site selection as crucial research subjects. However, in recent years, some emerging development strategies have started to investigate port logistics and enterprises, and port terminals, offering recommendations and considering the interests of businesses; The research on port-city relationships centers on the development of the port-city interface, and analysis of waterfront areas also captures the interest of scholars. The economic relationship between the port and the city is relatively complex, and scholars have not yet reached a consensus on it. Overall, research focusses on the impact on the national economy, but theories are relatively lacking. Port geography research in China has paid little attention to society, institutions, culture, or supply chains that are popular in Western research. In future, we should pay attention to the impact of extreme weather and geopolitics, deepen research on ports' internal wharves and enterprises, promote the application of Automatic Identification System data, and construct theories on port logistics.

BackgroundThe accuracy of transient thermal hydraulic parameter prediction of reactor cores under various working conditions directly affects reactor safety. Mass flow rate and temperature are important parameters of core thermal hydraulics, which are often modeled as time-series prediction problems.PurposeThis study aims to solve the accuracy problem of continuous prediction of core thermal hydraulic parameters under instantaneous conditions and to test the feasibility of a gated cycle unit based on the attention mechanism in core parameter prediction.MethodsThe 1/2 full core model of China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR) core was taken as the research object. The subchannel SUBCHANFLOW program was employed to generate the time series of transient core thermal hydraulic parameters. The gated recurrent unit (GRU) model based on soft attention was used to predict the mass flow and temperature time series of the core.ResultsThe results show that, compared with the adaptive radial basis function (RBF) neural network, the GRU network model with soft attention offers better prediction results. The average relative error of temperature is

The adult, pupa and larva of a new species, Gnaptorina (Gnaptorina) lhorongica Li, sp. nov., from northeastern Xizang, China are described and illustrated. The species was identified using molecular phylogenetic analyses based on three mitochondrial fragments and one nuclear gene fragment (COI, Cytb, 16S, and 28S-D2). The taxonomic status of the new species is confirmed using a combination of molecular and morphological datasets. This study provides valuable molecular and morphological data for phylogenetic studies of the tribe Blaptini.

Neutrophil extracellular traps play an important role in the body's defense against pathogens, but over-activated neutrophil extracellular traps may damage normal tissues and participate in the occurrence and development of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy associated interstitial lung disease. This review summarized the relationship between neutrophil extracellular traps and idiopathic inflammatory myopathy associated interstitial lung disease as well as the possible pathogenesis found so far, and potential therapeutic targets and directions for future research was discussed based on these findings.

The surface roughness can be reduced by increasing the forward-tilt angle of polishing process. It is of great significance to explore the influence law of the forward-tilt angle on the quality of the polished surface to improve the polishing efficiency of the blisk blade. In this paper, the surface roughness of the polished TC4 blisk blades polished by the belt flapwheel with a grain size of P400-P1200 under different polishing times and different forward-tilt angles was obtained through the forward-tilting polishing experiment. The experimental results show that the roughness of the polished surface decreases with the increase of the forward-tilt angle. Then the mechanism of the influence of the change of the forward-tilt angle on the quality of the polished surface was analyzed from multiple aspects. By quantifying the polishing efficiency, the variation law of the polishing efficiency of the belt flapwheel with various grain sizes with the forward-tilt angle was studied, and the optimal forward-tilt angle was obtained. On this basis, the polishing process planning with the optimal polishing efficiency was carried out, and verified by polishing experiments. The experimental results show that the optimized polishing process planning can obtain qualified surface roughness in fewer processes, which verifies the reliability of the polishing process planning results. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the optimization of the belt flapwheel polishing process for TC4 blisk blades.

Abstract The development of magnetocaloric materials with a significantly enhanced volumetric cooling capability is highly desirable for the application of adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators in confined spatial environments. Here, the thermodynamic characteristics of a magnetically frustrated spin‐7/2 Gd9.33[SiO4]6O2 is presented, which exhibits strongly correlated spin disorder below ≈1.5 K. A quantitative model is proposed to describe the magnetization results by incorporating nearest‐neighbor Heisenberg antiferromagnetic and dipolar interactions. Remarkably, the recorded magnetocaloric responses are unprecedentedly large and applicable below 1.0 K. It is proposed that the S = 7/2 spin liquids serve as versatile platforms for investigating high‐performance magnetocaloric materials in the sub‐kelvin regime, particularly those exhibiting a superior cooling power per unit volume.

The climate issue has attracted attention all over the world. Building and developing the carbon trading market is an important measure for countries to realize low-carbon transition. However， as a new kind of market， the carbon trading market faces the problems of insufficient data trust and liquidity. Firstly， traditional trading modes， such as order book， inquiry， and auction modes are analyzed， pointing out that they cannot solve the problem of insufficient liquidity. Then， by drawing on the concept of virtual energy currency， carbon assets are digitized through blockchain to solve the problem of trust in carbon assets and trading platforms. After that， a carbon trading mode based on automated market maker is proposed to increase the liquidity of the market. Finally， a carbon trading prototype system based on automated market maker is developed and the effectiveness of the proposed mode is analyzed by case studies.

C26H23ClNO2P, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.6023(16) Å, b = 9.9881(17) Å, c = 13.406(2) Å, α = 77.627(2)°, β = 70.524(2)°, γ = 73.294(2)°, V = 1151.0(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt (F) = 0.0439, wRref (F 2) = 0.1452, T = 296(2) K.

Summary: Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent risk factor for cognitive impairment. Cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, as an important pathology of cognitive impairment, can be caused by impaired Aβ clearance in the periphery. The liver is the primary organ for peripheral Aβ clearance, but the role of peripheral Aβ clearance in NAFLD-induced cognitive impairment remains unclear. Methods: We examined correlations between NAFLD severity, Aβ accumulation, and cognitive performance in female Sprague–Dawley rats. The impact of NAFLD on hepatic Aβ clearance and the involvement of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1) were assessed in rat livers and cultured hepatocytes. Additionally, a case–control study, including 549 NAFLD cases and 549 controls (782 males, 316 females), investigated the interaction between NAFLD and LRP-1 rs1799986 polymorphism on plasma Aβ levels. Findings: The severity of hepatic steatosis and dysfunction closely correlated with plasma and cerebral Aβ accumulations and cognitive deficits in rats. The rats with NAFLD manifested diminished levels of LRP-1 and Aβ in liver tissue, with these reductions inversely proportional to plasma and cerebral Aβ concentrations and cognitive performance. In vitro, exposure of HepG2 cells to palmitic acid inhibited LRP-1 expression and Aβ uptake, which was subsequently reversed by a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist. The case–control study revealed NAFLD to be associated with an increment of 8.24% and 10.51% in plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels, respectively (both P