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Objective To investigate the characteristics of epidermal cysts in hairless extremities. Methods The clinical data of 3 cases of epidermal cysts were collected, and their clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed. Results Disease duration ranged from 4 months to 1 year. Patient 1 had a lesion on the palmar side of the second finger of the right hand after a trauma. Patients 2 and 3 had lesion on the sole and lateral side of the foot, respectively, with no history of trauma. Histopathological examination showed that the cyst walls were composed of multiple lamellar squamous epithelium and granular layers, and the cyst cavity was filled with keratin, consistent with the histopathological changes of typical epidermal cysts. Following surgical removal of the cysts, no recurrence was observed during six-month follow-up. Conclusions The epidermal cysts in hairless parts of the extremities have a short onset time, without opening surface, eruption or secretion. The pathological changes are the same as those in hairy parts of the epidermal cysts. The preferred treatment is complete surgical resection.

BackgroundNarrative exposure therapy （NET）， an integration of narrative therapy and exposure therapy， has been shown to be effective in relieving the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD）， which can help patients gain a deeper understanding of their trauma and is also considered to be quite safe. PTSD is highly prevalent in children and adolescents， while the effectiveness of NET intervention varies among the subjects.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effectiveness of NET for PTSD in children and adolescents， so as to provide references for the clinical application of NET.MethodsOn August 1， 2022， the Cochrane Library， PubMed， Web of Science， CINAHL， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， SinoMed， VIP and Wanfang database were searched from their inception to June 2022. Search was conducted with the use of a combination of medical subject heading and free text terms， and randomized controlled trials relevant to NET for PTSD in children and adolescents were collected. Then the quality of the controlled trials was evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias （2011）， and Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.ResultsNine randomized controlled trials involving 394 children and adolescents with PTSD were included. Meta-analysis showed that NET and relaxation therapy reported comparable symptom relief in PTSD patients within 1 to 3 months after intervention （SMD=0.22， 95% CI： -0.84~1.28） and at 6 months after intervention （SMD=0.21， 95% CI： -0.75~1.17）， while NET provided greater PTSD symptom relief than routine therapy both within 1 to 3 months after intervention （SMD=-0.66， 95% CI： -1.04~-0.27） and at 6 months after intervention （SMD=-0.77， 95% CI： -1.36~-0.19）， with statistically significant differences. Regarding the alleviation of depressive symptoms， the effect was similar between NET and routine therapy within 1 to 3 months after intervention （SMD=-0.39， 95% CI： -0.98~0.21） and at 6 months after intervention （SMD=-0.74， 95% CI： -2.23~0.75）. No statistical difference was demonstrated between NET and routine therapy in relieving psychological distress （SMD=-0.54， 95% CI： -2.14~1.07） and suppressing hyperorexia （SMD=-0.17， 95% CI： -0.54~0.19） 1 to 3 months after intervention.ConclusionNET yields a better outcome and a medium- and long-term effectiveness in alleviating symptoms of PTSD in children and adolescents compared with routine therapy， while it does not offer any significant advantages in improving depression symptoms， psychological distress and hyperorexia.

AimsWe aimed to explore the role of personality traits between fall and loneliness.MethodsA questionnaire survey was used to investigate falls, the big five personality traits, and loneliness among older people (≥ 60 years old) in China mainland.ResultsA total of 4,289 older people participated in the survey. There are significant differences in age, marital status, education level, residence, solitariness, and fall in relation to loneliness among older people. Falls, especially when they occurred one time increase the loneliness of older people. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism were significant mediating effects between falls and loneliness.ConclusionThis study implied that agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism were meditating factors between falls and loneliness. In the future, we should consider the big five personality traits more to understand loneliness and offer older people interventions for reducing their loneliness. The study design was cross-sectional, so the temporal precedence of mediators and causality could not be tested. Because the data were collected retrospectively, current loneliness is likely to have confounding effects on retrospective recall.

Cet article s’intéresse à la catégorie syntaxique de la structure en prép. + quoi. Les groupes prép. + quoi étudiés sont ceux représentant des circonstants extra-prédicatifs de phrase, comme après quoi, à cause de quoi, au lieu de quoi, etc. Ils se distinguent des groupes prép. + quoi en tant que compléments essentiels (par exemple à quoi) et circonstants intra-prédicatifs (par exemple en quoi) articulés à un verbe. Dans cette étude du statut syntaxique de la structure en prép. + quoi, nous cherchons plus précisément à savoir si prép. + quoi fonctionne comme un subordonnant, comme un coordonnant, comme un adverbe, etc. Notre recherche montre qu’il s’agit d’une structure hybride tenant à la fois de la subordination et de l’autonomie prédicative.

This article summarises the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organised by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in the field of the intestinal microbiome and metabolism. Their conclusions were as follows: (1) the GM may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, as microbially produced metabolites associate both positively and negatively with the disease, and mechanistic links of GM functions (e.g. genes for butyrate production) with glucose metabolism have recently emerged through the use of Mendelian randomisation in humans; (2) the highly individualised nature of the GM poses a major research obstacle, and large cohorts and a deep-sequencing metagenomic approach are required for robust assessments of associations and causation; (3) because single time point sampling misses intraindividual GM dynamics, future studies with repeated measures within individuals are needed; and (4) much future research will be required to determine the applicability of this expanding knowledge to diabetes diagnosis and treatment, and novel technologies and improved computational tools will be important to achieve this goal.

Objective Objective To investigate the effect of argon-helium cryoablation on maxillary sinus cancer and its influence on immune function, IL-6, TNF-α, TNF–β and INF-γ. Methods From August 2012 to August 2016, 37 patients with maxillary sinus cancer treated by argon-helium cryoablation were selected as the observation group, and 35 patients treated with traditional surgery and local radiotherapy were selected as the control group at the same time. The short- and long-term effects, the changes of immune energy and verification factors before and after operation were recorded and followed up. Results The effective rates of treatment in the observation group and the control group were 56.75% and 60.00%, respectively. CD8+ decreased and CD4+/CD8+ increased in two groups after operation (P < 0.05). The levels of IL-6, TNF-α, TNF–β and INF-γ in the serum of patients at different stages after operation were lower than those before operation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Methods Results Conclusion Targeted argon-helium cryoablation can improve the immune function and inflammatory response of patients with maxillary sinus cancer, with less complications and good long-term effect.

In this paper, through the secondary development of ProCAST&CAFE software, the dynamic boundary conditions of solidification process were established, the temperature field and solid fraction in the directional solidification process of low nickel austenitic stainless steel were simulated, and the effect of the pull rate on solidification microstructure was discussed. The results shows that the withdrawal rate is in the range of 15~200 μm/s, as the solidification speed increases, the isotherm becomes dense, gummy zone narrowing. And as the solidification rate increases, the primary dendrite arm gradually refines and the secondary dendrite arm becomes dense and coarse. In addition, as the withdrawal rate increases in the range of 15 to 200 μm/s, the lateral heat dissipation of the edge of the casting is gradually smaller than that of the central longitudinal heat dissipation, and the axial deviation of the dendrites is reduced from 27.66 ° to 25.964 °. At the same time, the comparative analysis simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the simulation calculation process is more reasonable.

Pneumatic actuate of multi-segment soft robotic arm is a significant structure and has extensive applications. However, the study of the optimal structure and size of multi-segment soft robotic arm has not been achieved. In this study, the finite element method is used to optimized the structure and size of soft robotic arm. We report that the two-segment structure of soft robotic arm has better performance for the general manipulator operation task through evaluating bending angles with different structures and parameters. The optimal ratio of the total length of non-cavity section to the total length of the soft robotic arm with two-segment is 0.21. And soft robotic arm performs better when the length of the fixed first section, the linkage section between two cavity sections and the end section are equal. Two cavities in each segment has more advantages in tasks of plane bending, while three cavities structure has better adaptability when the task need bend in the space. These results in this study provide a reference and simplify the process for the structure and size design of the multi-segment soft robotic arm in the future.

There is concern that the time taken to publish academic papers in microbiological science has significantly increased in recent years. While the data do not specifically support this, evidence suggests that editors are having to invite more and more reviewers to identify those willing to perform peer review.

Introduction Microbiome research holds the promise of elucidating new mechanisms of disease development and developing innovative approaches for disease prevention and treatment. However, a substantial challenge that stymies this potential [...]