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This study employed non-targeted metabolomics combined with chemometrics to investigate the effects of different manufacturing processes, harvest times and cultivation methods on the key characteristic components of Liudong tea, a specialty tea cultivar from Guangxi. A total of 23 key components were identified, including (+)-gallocatechin and theaflavinmonogallates. Among them, catechins and their derivatives, as well as flavonoids, predominated, accounting for 82.6% of the total. The key characteristic components with the highest variable importance in the projection (VIP) values for distinguishing Liudong tea from different processing methods and harvest times were terpenes and their derivatives, namely acuminoside@RT 9.77 and (+/-)-sabinene@RT 10.11, while that for distinguishing Liudong tea from different cultivation methods was (+)-catechin. The results indicated that different processing methods, harvest times and cultivation patterns significantly influenced the key characteristic components and their content distribution in Liudong tea. The black tea processing method promoted the formation of theaflavinmonogallates and the hydrolysis of terpenoid glycosides. The later the harvest date, the higher the relative abundance of five key flavonoid components, including kaempferol-3-O-(6’’’-trans-p-coumaroyl-2’’-glucosyl) rhamnoside. Artificial cultivation reduced the relative abundance of some key characteristic components including catechins such as (+)-catechin and their derivatives. This study contributes to understanding the mechanisms underlying the formation of the characteristic quality of different Liudong tea, thereby providing a scientific basis for improving the cultivation techniques and processing methods for the quality control of Liudong tea.

Introduction. The mobility of IT specialists differs from the mobility of all other socioprofessional groups. The study of mobility is relevant, since the movement of IT specialists significantly affects the peculiarities of the formation of the digital space, the success of many types of activities of modern society, and its prospects. Sociology has accumulated a scientific foundation for covering mobility based on new research principles, which makes it possible to identify specific characteristics of the mobility of IT specialists.Methodology and sources. The conceptual theoretical and methodological positions of the study are represented by a complex of ideas, the basis of which is the work of P.A. Sorokin and his followers a bout the essence of mobility. The article is based on ideas a bout the mobile society formulated in the works of D. Urry, M. Castells, B. Latour, K. Knorr-Cetina, and the provisions of the works of D.V. Ivanov about new forms of integration of the digital and streaming society, where the mobility of IT specialists begins to play a new, more important role. A number of sources were used, where attention was paid to the analysis of the mobility of Russian IT specialists as a phenomenon reflecting the characteristics of their movements in the conditions of modern Russian society.Results and discussion. Two main results of the study show, firstly, that the professional component of the mobility of IT specialists is an active beginning of movements and changes – their mobility. Ultimately, the professional mobility of IT specialists is aimed at finding the most suitable social environment that allows them to successfully implement their professional activities. Secondly, it was revealed that the specifics of the work activities of IT specialists form the motivation for changes and movements, where personal interests can be very significant and do not always coincide with the interests of IT organizations.Conclusion. Analysis of the generalized materials allows us to characterize some prospects and incentives for the mobility of Russian IT specialists, to formulate the author’s definition of mobility as a phenomenon determined by the social and professional attributes of the digital space, as well as the goals of mobility, as achieving the most adequate conditions for professional self-realization, as well as ensuring preservation and correction professional identity in the IT space.

The surrounding rock of the repeated mining roadway is severely deformed and cannot be reused, and the repeated mining roadway has obvious overlapping extension features during the service period. In order to solve the above problems, this study takes the 13092 roadway of Guanjiaya Coal Mine as the research background, and adopts on-site measurement, numerical simulation, and theoretical analysis methods to investigate the overlapping extension features and control measures of repeated mining roadway deformation. The analysis of deformation features of repeated mining roadways shows the following points. ① Under a single mining disturbance, the deformation of repeated mining roadways exhibits zoning and asymmetric failure features, which can be divided into rapid deformation zone, strong deformation zone, and slow deformation zone. The crack damage mainly occurs in the coal wall and coal pillar walls, with less damage to the roof and floor, manifested as significant fragmentation and inward movement of the two sides of the roadway. Severe deformation occurs at the intersection of the coal wall and roof, as well as the coal pillar and floor. ② The secondary mining roadway expands and overlaps on the basis of the primary damage, making the asymmetric damage more significant and forming a butterfly shaped plastic failure zone in the surrounding rock of the roadway. ③ The key time for controlling the surrounding rock of the repeated mining roadway is the first mining stage. The key area is the coal pillar side of the roadway in the strong deformation zone and the slow deformation zone. By analyzing the butterfly deformation features and failure zoning rules of mining roadways, a multi-level coupling control technology for repeated mining roadways is proposed. Shallow low pressure - deep high pressure grouting is used to improve the support force of coal pillars. The anchor cables are used to reinforce and improve the support force of support bodies, achieving coupling control. The comparative analysis of deformation before and after reinforcement has verified that multi-level coupling control meets the requirements of roadway reuse.

With the rapid development of industry, large amount of refractory organic pollutants in domestic and industrial wastewater are discharged into water bodies, posing a serious threat to human health and the environment. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on persulfates have shown outstanding performance in treating refractory organic wastewater, and the use of single-atom catalysts (SACs) can maximize the utilization of metal atoms and reduce the leaching of metal ions, which has a promising application prospect in the activation of persulfates for the degradation of organic pollutants. The preparation methods of single-atom catalysts were summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of various methods were discussed. The application of single-atom catalysts with metals such as Fe, Co, Mn and Cu in the activation of persulfates for the degradation of organic pollutants was discussed. The mechanisms of single-atom catalysts in activating persulfates and the degradation mechanisms of the persulfate system catalyzed by single-atom catalysts towards organic pollutants were summarized. Finally, the future development of single-atom catalysts in activating persulfates for the degradation of organic pollutants was discussed.

Examining the chemical properties of river water and the controlling factors is crucial for devising efficacious strategies in water resources management and ecological conservation. This study investigates the hydrochemical characteristics and driving factors of the Beichuan River in the arid region of Northwest China. Surface water samples were collected during wet and dry seasons, and analyzed using hydrochemical diagrams, mathematical statistics, and principal component analysis (PCA). The results show that the pH value of Beichuan River is generally weakly alkaline, the main hydrochemical types are HCO3-Ca, and the average TDS are 224 mg/L and 236 mg/L respectively, which are higher than the world average level (115 mg/L). The seasonal variation of hydrochemical components is mainly controlled by rainfall, showing that the concentrations of Na+, Cl− and NO3− in the wet season are higher than those in the dry season, while the concentrations of other chemical components show an opposite trend, while the spatial variation is mainly controlled by human activities, and the concentrations of hydrochemical components show a gradual increasing trend from upstream to downstream, especially Na+, Mg2+, Cl− and NO3−. Rock weathering is the key natural factor controlling the Hydrochemical Composition of Beichuan River. Na+ and Cl− are mainly from the dissolution of silicate, Ca2+ and Mg2+ are mainly from the weathering of carbonate rocks and silicate, and SO42- is mainly from the dissolution of evaporite. It is noted that human activities, especially domestic sewage and agricultural runoff, contribute significantly to NO3− in the water body. PCA identified rock weathering and agricultural runoff as major wet-season factors, while domestic sewage predominantly affects the dry season. This study can provide a scientific basis for the rational development of water resources and ecological environment protection in arid areas.

The existing seam carving tamper detection algorithms have the problems of low detection accuracy and weak robustness for the case of low scaling factor. A seam carving tamper detection algorithm integrated with hybrid attention mechanism is proposed. Firstly, BayarConv2D constrained convolution is used to preprocess the image, fully learn the noise characteristics of the image, and fuse the features with RGB image through matrix multiplication. Then, ResNet is used as the backbone network for feature learning, and the residual propagation and residual feedback mechanisms are introduced to highlight the operation traces of seam carving. Finally, the hybrid attention mechanism is used to simultaneously extract the features between adjacent locations and channels to better capture the global features, and then input them into the full connection layer to achieve classification. The experimental results show that on the BOSSBase1.01 dataset, when the scaling factor is 1% and 9%, the detection accuracy of the proposed method reaches 89.48% and 97.94% respectively, which is better than existing mainstream methods. At the same time, it has lower computational complexity and better robustness, and can resist JPEG compression attacks.

In order to improve the operational efficiency, search precision, and obstacle avoidance flexibility of the path planning algorithm for coal mine foot robot, a path planning method for coal mine foot robots is proposed, which integrates the improved A* algorithm and the dynamic window approach (DWA). Firstly, the A* algorithm is improved by reducing the length of the planned path through a redundant node removal strategy. The method improves the neighborhood search method and cost function to increase the speed of path planning, and uses segmented second-order Bessel curves for path smoothing. The path nodes planned by the improved A* algorithm are sequentially used as local target points for local path planning DWA for algorithmic fusion. The method filters neighboring obstacle nodes to shorten the path length again, and improves obstacle avoidance performance by adjusting the weight ratio in the DWA cost function. In response to the problem of robots falling into a 'feigned death' state when encountering unavoidable obstacles, the method starts from the current initial point, the fusion algorithm is called up again. The global path planning is carried out again, and the new nodes obtained replace the original local target points, and the subsequent work is carried out according to the new route. The simulation results show that, while ensuring the safety and stability of robot walking, the improved A* algorithm reduces the calculation time by 65%, the path length by 24.1%, and the number of path nodes by 27.65% compared to the traditional A* algorithm, resulting in a smoother path. The fusion algorithm further enhances the global path planning capability, enabling it to bypass newly added dynamic and static obstacles in multi obstacle environments. When the robot encounters an L-shaped obstacle and enters a 'feigned death' state, it reconducts global path planning at the 'feigned death' position, updates its walking path, and successfully reaches the final target point. The experimental results of path planning for JetHexa hexapod robot based on fusion algorithm have verified the effectiveness and superiority of the fusion algorithm.

[Objective] Liquid hydrogen has garnered significant interest for its high volumetric density and hydrogen purity. However, it easily evaporates during transportation due to its low boiling point, thus causing hydrogen loss. In this case, cryogenic insulation technology becomes essential for facilitating liquid hydrogen pipeline transportation. [Methods] The analysis of heat leakage in the pipeline's annulus considered three modes of heat transfer: solid heat conduction, gas heat conduction, and radiant heat exchange. Since the solid heat conduction primarily arises from the thermal insulation support structure within the annulus, an overview was provided on the heatconducting properties of various support structures. In addition, maintaining the vacuum level of annulus interlayer can effectively weaken the heat leakage caused by gas heat conduction. The impact of vacuum multilayer insulation on cryogenic insulation is a current focus of research. The prediction model and arrangement mode of vacuum multilayer insulation, as well as uniform density multilayer insulation(UD-MLI) and variable density multilayer insulation(VD-MLI) were examined and analyzed in this study. [Results] By optimizing support shape and minimizing heat transfer paths while reducing contact points and areas between the support and inner/outer pipe, heat leakage can be effectively decreased while ensuring stress intensity. Further study on cost-effective and high-efficiency getters is the most direct and effective approach to maintaining vacuum levels. Vacuum multilayer insulation technology has been extensively utilized in cryogenic equipment to significantly diminish solid and gas heat conduction as well as radiant heat exchange. Both UD-MLI and VD-MLI feature the optimal layer density configuration to minimize heat leakage, with VD-MLI offering superior insulation performance and a weight advantage. [Conclusion] Optimizing annulus geometry and heat transfer modes, along with developing high-efficiency hydrogen getters, are vital for advancing annulus insulation technology in cryogenic liquid hydrogen transportation pipelines and minimizing hydrogen loss during transportation.

Abstract Background The APETALA2 (AP2) transcription factor (TF) superfamily, one of the largest gene families in plants, plays an essential role in regulating plant growth and their stress responses. However, the role of AP2 in rice under pesticide stress remains unclear. To investigate the characteristics and functions of the rice AP2 gene family under pesticide stress, the expression of 105 AP2-coding genes and 26 AP2 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in mesotrione (MTR)-treated rice transcriptome datasets. Results Three subfamilies of the AP2 gene family (AP2/ERF, RAV, and soloists) were identified using sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Chromosome location analysis revealed that the 26 rice AP2 DEGs were unevenly distributed on 10 of the 12 rice chromosomes, and segmental duplication contributed to the expansion of Oryza sativa AP2 (OsAP2) gene family. Collinearity analyses demonstrated that rice AP2 genes displayed 16 orthologous gene pairs, and 12 and 26 orthologous gene pairs were shared of Arabidopsis and soybean, respectively. In addition, rice AP2 genes featured various gene structures, cis-elements, motif compositions, and conserved domains that allowed them to encode genes that elicit biotic and abiotic stress responses. An analysis of docking between MTR and six AP2 DEGs revealed amino acid residues involved in MTR binding. Quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction verified that several AP2 genes were preferentially expressed during MTR-induced stress. The roles of OsAP2 proteins in MTR metabolism were further supported by protein–protein interaction network analysis, which illustrated how these proteins interact with target proteins. Conclusion The initial findings of this study define the features of the OsAP2 superfamily and offer important tools for functional analyses of OsAP2 genes implicated in the metabolism of MTR. Graphical Abstract

Oxadiazon (ODZ) is extensively utilized in agricultural fields for weed control owing to its strong effectiveness. However, excessive loading of ODZ in water bodies and agricultural soils can lead to various environmental concerns. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the ODZ metabolic process and associated mechanisms in crops to assess the likelihood of ODZ contamination in the environment. This study aimed to assess the effects of ODZ on the growth and toxicological responses of rice (Oryza sativa). The growth of rice tissues was notably compromised with the increase in ODZ concentrations. RNA sequencing in combination with liquid chromatography–quadrupole-time-of-flight–high-resolution mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–Q-TOF–HRMS/MS) analysis allowed for the identification of numerous transcriptional components associated with ODZ metabolism. Four libraries comprising rice roots and shoots exposed to ODZ were RNA-sequenced in triplicate. The application of environmentally realistic ODZ concentrations upregulated the expression of 844 genes in shoots and 1476 genes in roots. Gene enrichment analysis revealed the presence of multiple enzymes involved in ODZ metabolism and detoxification. These enzymes play a critical role in mitigating environmental stress and facilitating xenobiotic metabolism. Notably, among differentially expressed genes, several key enzymes were identified, including cytochrome P450s, protein kinases, aminotransferases, and ATP-binding cassette transporters involved in the metabolic process. Using LC–Q-TOF–HRMS/MS, 3 metabolites and 13 conjugates were identified in multiple metabolic pathways involving oxidation, hydrolysis, glycosylation, acetylation, and methylation. This study successfully established a potential link between the specific metabolic products of ODZ and increased activities of their corresponding enzymes. Moreover, this study considerably elucidates the detailed pathways and mechanisms involved in ODZ metabolism. The study findings provide valuable insights into the development of genotypes for reducing ODZ residues in paddy fields and minimizing their accumulation in rice crops.

[Objective] A long-term and high-precision land cover dataset was constructed for the Loess Plateau. The spatiotemporal pattern of land cover in 2001 and 2020 was analyzed in order to provide a scientific underpinning for initiatives concerning ecological environmental preservation and sustainable development within the region. [Methods] Training samples were constructed using multiple sources of land cover products and ground feature data from various time periods. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform and a random forest classification model were used to generate the land cover of Loess Plateau (LCLP) dataset. Spatial analysis and a univariate linear regression model were then used to analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of land cover types on the Loess Plateau. [Results] According to the validation set built using random forest, LCLP exhibited an overall accuracy and kappa coefficient greater than 90%. Moreover, based on the independent verification set, LCLP demonstrated an overall accuracy ranging from 0.58% to 20.23% higher than existing products. Additionally, the accuracy of the classification of various land cover types, including cultivated land, forest land, grassland, impervious surface, and bare land, was increased. [Conclusion] Compared with other datasets, LCLP significantly improved classification accuracy and is suitable for accurately reflecting land cover changes for the Loess Plateau region. During 2001—2020, there has been a decreasing trend in cultivated land and shrubs in the Loess Plateau region, while forest land, water bodies, and impervious surfaces have shown a significant increasing trend. From the perspective of land cover changes, cultivated land and grassland were the primary sources of newly added land cover types.

In the context of new power systems， the diverse distributed power sources and user-side behavior have introduced instability in bus loads， thus presenting a fresh challenge for short-term load forecasting. In response to this challenge， a noise reduction forecasting method for bus load based on sequence decomposition is proposed. The construction and decomposition rules of the variational mode decomposition （VMD） are applied to the sequence decomposition of bus load. The residual terms following the sequence decomposition are smoothed using locally weighted regression （LWR） to forecast the noise reduction of bus load. Based on the measured active power data of bus load in an area， a recurrent neural network （RNN） is constructed to forecast the bus load after noise reduction. The results indicate that this method effectively eliminates the noise of the bus load sequence， and the sequence tends to be smooth while retaining the characteristics of the original bus load sequence. Moreover， it yields excellent forecasting curves and accurate forecasting results.

Objective·To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and evaluate the prognostic effects of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and rituximab maintenance therapy on DLBCL patients.Methods·The clinical data of 160 patients with DLBCL who were first diagnosed by pathology and immunotyping were collected from the Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2015 to January 2020, and the risk factors affecting the efficacy and prognosis of patients were analyzed. Moreover, the clinical characteristics of patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL and the effect of salvage ASCT on overall survival (OS) were assessed. For those high-risk patients who achieved complete remission (CR) in the interim assessment, the impact of ASCT and rituximab maintenance therapy on survival outcomes was further assessed.Results·Patients with initial age of treatment >60 years (P=0.005), International Prognostic Index (IPI) 3‒5 scores (P=0.032), low albumin level (P=0.001) and anemia (P=0.007) had poor efficacy. Multivariate analysis showed that the initial age of treatment >60 years (HR=2.788, 95%CI 1.575‒4.936, P=0.000), non-GCB subtype (HR=2.230, 95%CI 1.150‒4.324, P=0.018), elevated lactate dehydrogenase level (HR=2.064, 95%CI 1.006‒4.234, P=0.048) and low albumin level (HR=2.052, 95% CI 1.169‒3.602, P=0.012) were the independent risk factors for progression-free survival (PFS). The initial age of treatment >60 years (HR=2.269, 95% CI 1.060‒4.860, P=0.035) and IPI scores of 3 to 5 (HR=2.557, 95%CI 1.132‒5.778, P=0.024) were independent factors affecting OS. For patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL, salvage ASCT was found to significantly improve the prognosis of these patients and was a protective factor for the death event of patients (P=0.030). For patients in the high-risk group who achieved CR in the interim evaluation after chemotherapy, there were no deaths in patients on maintenance therapy with consolidation ASCT and rituximab to the end point of follow-up; however, it did not prolong the OS of the patients (P>0.05).Conclusion·In patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL, salvage ASCT can significantly prolong the OS, whereas in the high-risk patients of DLBCL, consolidation ASCT and rituximab maintenance therapy can't prolong the OS.

ObjectiveAnalysis of the epidemiological and spatio-temporal clustering of aconite poisoning incidents in China from 2010 to 2020 was performed to provide a reference for the development of precise prevention and control measures and the construction of an early warning system.MethodsCollection of reports of aconite poisoning incidents in surveillance data from 2010 to 2020 with descriptive analysis and spatio-temporal scan analysis was performed.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2020， a total of 380 outbreaks of aconite poisoning with 1 889 illnesses and 75 deaths were reported in China， with a case fatality rate of 3.97% （75/1 889）. The highest number of outbreaks occurred from October to December with 787 cumulative illnesses， accounting for 41.66% （787/1 889） of all cases. More than 86.84% （330/380） of the outbreaks occurred in Yunnan Province and households accounted for 90.26% （343/380） of all outbreak locations. Improper processing resulting in 171 outbreaks， accounting for 45.00% （171/380）. The results of the spatio-temporal scan showed a total of five agglomerative regions， including a category one agglomeration centered in Kunming， Yunnan Province， with an agglomeration period from June 2015 to November 2020， as well as four second-class aggregation areas， including 20 municipalities.ConclusionWe should focus on prevention and control in areas with clusters of aconite poisoning， and publicize and popularize high-risk consumption methods to raise awareness on protection and reduce the occurrence of poisoning incidents before the arrival of the high months.

Introduction: The excessive dosage of pesticides required for agronomic reality results in growing contamination of pesticide residues in environment, thus bringing high risks to crop production and human health. Objectives: This study aims to unveil a novel mechanism for catabolism of two pesticides MTR and FSA facilitated by an uncharacterized Phase II reaction enzyme termed acetyltransferase-1 (ACE1) in rice and to make assessment of its potential for bioremediation to minimize the risks to crop production and food safety. Methods: We developed genetically improved cultivars overexpressing OsACE1 (OE) and knockout mutant lines by CRISPR-Cas9 technology to identify the MTR and FSA detoxic and metabolic functions and characterized their metabolites and conjugates by HPLC-LTQ-MS/MS. Results: OsACE1 overexpression conferred rice resistance to toxicity of MTR/FSA compared to wild-type, manifested by improved plant elongation and biomass, attenuated cellular injury, and increased chlorophyll accumulation. The OE plants accumulated significantly less parent MTR/FSA and more degradative metabolites, and removed MTR/FSA from their growth medium by 1.38 and 1.61 folds over the wild-type. In contrast, knocking out OsACE1 led to compromised growth fitness and intensified toxic symptoms under MTR/FSA stress and accumulation of more toxic MTR and FSA in rice. The reduced metabolites of MTR and FSA detected in the Cas9 plants suggest the impaired capability of OsACE1 function. Conclusions: These results signified that OsACE1 expression is required for detoxifying the two poisoning chemicals in rice and plays a critical role in accelerating breakdown of the pesticides mainly through Phase II reaction mechanism pathways.

Education informatization is an important means to improve the quality of education and teaching as well as a basic condition for the innovative reform and application of education and teaching, which also means that education informatization cannot be separated from the construction of digital learning resources. This paper utilizes the advantage of Flash technology’s integration of multiple media elements to design physics animation courseware. Then, it combines the color histogram and edge density analysis algorithm to segment the animated visual scene of physics courseware, optimize the production process of Flash physics animated courseware, and establish a scientific evaluation standard for courseware quality. The average scores of the four dimensions of manipulability, stability, aesthetics, and compatibility in the evaluation results of physics animated courseware in this paper are all higher than 4 points. The students who apply physics animated courseware to teach improve their learning attitudes, learning behaviors, and learning effects by 11.61, 7.33, and 6.54, respectively, compared with the traditional physics teaching, and all of them are significantly different (P

Turbine blades are the most demanding components in aircraft engines, and their performance is related to the safety of the whole engine. Due to the complex service environment and harsh service conditions of blades, various types of damage cannot be prevented in service. Therefore, it is of great engineering and economic significance to study the service damage of blades. In this paper, the directional solidification alloy turbine blade after actual service was selected as the research object. The cross section position of 80% upper height of the blade was intercepted, and the qualitative and quantitative microstructure analysis was carried out by SEM and EDS analysis. The results show that there are two different types of γ' phases in this leaf. One kind of γ' phase has small size and regular shape, the other has large size and irregular shape. The degree of microscopic damage among different parts of the blade is characterized with the help of dimensional distribution characterization of the γ' phase of each part, combined with the analysis of hardness testing of each part of the cross-section.The results show that the service conditions of different parts are different, and the degree of microstructure damage is different. In addition, matrix crack and coating crack in some parts of blade are summarized and analyzed.

Мета статті – виконати порівняльний аналіз особливостей впливу різних варіантів поєднання величини навантаження та комплексів тренувальних вправ на тренажерах чи з вільною вагою обтяження на динаміку показників складу тіла бодібілдерів. Методи. Із 64 спортсменів сформовано чотири дослідні групи по 16 осіб у кожній. Учасники протягом 12 тижнів використовували різні варіанти поєднання величини навантаження й комплексів вправ на тренажерах чи з вільною вагою обтяження. Показники складу тіла визначали методом біоімпедансометрії. Величину показників зовнішнього подразника визначали методом інтегральної оцінки навантаження. Результати. Використання короткочасних (до 15 с) навантажень високої інтенсивності (Ra=0,70–0,72) в поєднанні з вправами на тренажерах сприяє найбільшому підвищенню на 7,0 % активної маси тіла спортсменів третьої групи. Відповідні зміни майже вдвічі перевищують показники, виявлені під час застосування більш тривалих навантажень (45–60 с) із середньою інтенсивністю (Ra=0,58–0,65) в умовах використання вправ із вільною вагою обтяження (перша група). У спортсменів першої групи, які застосовували вправи з вільною вагою обтяження та навантаження середньої інтенсивності, рівень жирової маси зменшився на 4,2 % за період експерименту. У представників третьої та четвертої груп, які використовували навантаження високої інтенсивності, незалежно від комплексу тренувальних вправ – рівень жирової маси тіла не змінився. Висновки. Навантаження високої інтенсивності (Ra=0,70–72) в комбінації з комплексом вправ на тренажерах сприяє найбільшому зростанню показників активної, сухої клітинної й безжирової маси тіла. Застосування навантажень середньої інтенсивності (Ra=0,65–67) в комбінації з комплексом вправ із вільною вагою обтяження суттєво впливає на зниження рівня жирової маси.

【Objective】 Cellulose fiber is a material increasingly used to reinforce concrete and this paper investigates its improvement of concrete slabs against cracking. 【Method】 Concrete slabs made by cement mixed with fly ash, cement mixed with fly ash and MgO, were compared with slabs made by cement-fly ash reinforced by cellulose fiber. For each slab, we measured its strength, deformation property, resistance against macro-cracks and emergence of micro-crack. 【Result】 Concrete slab reinforced by cellulose fibers are mechanically best, and its splitting tensile strength and ultimate tensile strength are both higher than other slabs. The cellulose fibers not only delays the initiation of cracks but also reduces cracking density (numbers of cracks per unit area). Ninety days after the slab is casted, SEM analysis shows that the structure of the reinforced slabs is relatively compact and a large number of short-rod clusters are formed inside it. Energy spectrum analysis shows that the cellulose fiber reduces the proportion of calcium while increasing the proportion of silicon and aluminum in the slabs. Fly ash hydration consumes a certain amount of calcium, thereby reducing the calcium-silicon ratio and increasing the strength of the slabs. 【Conclusion】 Comparison shows that reinforcing concrete slabs by cellulose fiber can significantly improve their resistance against cracking and tensile strength.

Objective To investigate the application effect of enhanced recovery after surgery in perioperative nursing of patients with choledochojejunostomy. Methods Totally 80 patients undergoing choledochojejunostomy were randomly divided into the control group and observation group, with 40 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routing care during the treatement, and those in the observation group received perioperative nursing interventions based on the theory of enhanced recovery after surgery. Primary outcomes were first anal exhaust time, length of hospital stay, hospitalization costs and incidence of postoperative complications. Secondary outcomes were time to remove the gastric tube, time to remove the urinary catheter, time to food-taking, time to off-bed activity and volume of fluid infusion. Results The first anal exhaust time and length of hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P＜0. 01). The hospitalization costs in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 01). The time to remove the gastric tube, time to remove the urinary catheter and time to off-bed activity in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P＜0. 01). The volume of fluid infusion in the observation group was less than that in the control group (P＜0. 01). The incidence rate of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The enhanced recovery after surgery is effective and safe in perioperative nursing of patients with choledochojejunostomy, it has a positive effect on reducing the incidence of postoperative complications. (目的 探讨基于加速康复外科理念的护理干预在胆肠吻合术患者中的应用方法及效果。方法 选择2018年1月—2020年8月住院行胆肠吻合术的80例患者为研究对象, 按照随机分组方法将患者分为对照组和观察组, 各40例。对照组给予常规护理, 观察组实施基于加速康复外科理念的护理干预。主要指标: 首次肛门排气时间、住院时间、住院费用、并发症的发生率; 次要指标: 拔除胃管时间、尿管时间、进食时间、下床时间、输液量。结果 观察组首次肛门排气时间、住院时间均较对照组缩短, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01), 观察组住院费用较对照组减少, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。观察组拔除胃管时间、拔尿管时间、进食时间以及下床时间较对照组缩短, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01), 观察组输液量也明显少于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 在胆肠吻合术患者围术期护理中的应用加速康复外科理念安全有效, 对降低术后并发症发生率具有积极意义。)

Nuclear clustering has been studied with covariant Energy Density Functional approaches for more than a decade. It recently allowed to bridge microscopically the description of cluster states in light nuclei with the one of cluster and alpha decays in heavy ones. The proper use of theoretical tools, such as the density and the nucleonic localization function, allows to shed light on the mechanisms of formation and identification of clusters in nuclei. Finally, a global analysis of nuclear clustering is discussed, in order to identify control parameters for a nuclear cluster phase.

Research on the interaction mechanism of cognitive evaluation, intellectual thinking, and burnout syndrome generally refers to academic fields related to individual psychology and burnout, such as individual cognitive appraisal, intellectual thinking, emotional labor, and burnout. It is a general term for psychology and mental health, with an interdisciplinary and applied nature. Unlike a single discipline, it presents complex attributes. During the research, it is not easy to conduct in-depth research by quantifying or applying traditional psychological models, and the diversity of research methods is somewhat limited. With the emergence of big data and artificial intelligence, the academic community has been paying more and more attention to psychology research methods. In recent years, scientists have begun to pay attention to the combination of innovation and interdisciplinarity, and the construction and application of big data and artificial intelligence technologies in psychology is a typical example. Considering the complexity of the research objects and the problems involved, how to effectively integrate big data, artificial intelligence technology, and psychology has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently in academic circles. This study analyzes applying the above theories to practice to provide theoretical foundations and practical references for promoting the interface of internal and external elements and innovation in this field.

This paper reports the study of the process chain for sheet metal forming using multi-point tooling for stamping at elevated temperatures and developing a complete production line integrating heating, intermediate fast-cooling, forming and aging. It aims to deliver a high-efficient and cost-effective sheet-metal forming technology with improved process capability and flexibility for the forming of high-strength sheet metal parts. Multi-point tooling sets are employed to test the flexibility of hot/warm-forming the lightweight high-strength metal sheets with fast tooling reconfigurability. The intermediate cooling with high cooling rates was achieved with a contact cooling system recently developed at the University of Strathclyde. With this pilot line, the aluminium sheets heated to the solution heat treatment (SHT) temperature were subjected to the intermediate cooling prior to forming with multi-point tooling. The cooling step is fast and controllable, with different cooling rates tested. The tests conducted on the pilot line demonstrated significant enhancement of the forming limit and manufacturing flexibility.

The stress relaxation with synchronous ageing of TA15 titanium alloy was studied under a plastic pre-loading condition. The evolutions of microstructure and room temperature properties were characterized. Results show that the stress can be eliminated by 85 %, and the ultimate tensile strength can be increased by 5 % compared to the as-received sheet at room temperature. The plastic pre-loading results in dislocation entanglements in primary α (αp) and precipitation of partial secondary α (αs). The main stress relaxation mechanisms in the early stage are the precipitation and growth of αs, stress-induced twinning and the dynamic recovery in αp. The main stress relaxation mechanisms in the late stage are the globularization of αs and dislocation recovery in αp. The strength improvement after stress relaxation is mainly due to the formation of αs.

The paper reports an investigation into two rapid sheet metal cooling designs that are suitable for applications in hot-stamping production -air cooling and contact cooling, aiming at improving formability of the high-strength aluminium sheets for the forming of components with complex geometries with enhanced overall process efficiency. The investigation involved both numerical modelling and experimental trials using an in-house developed prototype cooling tools. A series of contact cooling experiments were conducted, considering process variables such as initial blank temperatures, cooling die temperatures, die materials, surface conditions, etc. The results demonstrated that the cooling rate of the aluminium blank could be accurately controlled by both methods with appropriate pre-setting of the equipment and control of the process parameters. The integration of the cooling system into a polit hot-stamping production was also tried, considering industry-scale applications related factors. The results can serve as a design guidance for an industry to introduce such cooling methods and manufacturing facilities.

Field-Assisted Sintering Technology (FAST), an advanced consolidation technique, was employed to synthesise low-temperature thermoelectric n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 for energy harvesting applications. A systematic investigation of sintering parameters, including pressure, temperature, holding time, and heating rates, was conducted to optimise the material’s properties. Post-sintering characterisation encompassed measurements of relative density, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, and Seebeck coefficient. Factor analysis revealed the hierarchical influence of sintering variables, with temperature emerging as the most critical parameter, followed by pressure and holding time. The study successfully identified optimal FAST sintering conditions for Bi2Te2.7Se0.3, resulting in enhanced thermoelectric properties. This research demonstrates the efficacy of FAST in producing high-quality, low-temperature thermoelectric materials and provides valuable insights into the relationship between processing parameters and material performance.

Phage P2 was isolated from failed fermentation broth carried out by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMAU10120. A previous study in our laboratory showed that this phage belonged to the Siphoviridae family. In this study, this phage’s genomic characteristics were analyzed using whole-genome sequencing. It was revealed that phage P2 was 77.9 kb in length and had 39.28% G + C content. Its genome included 96 coding sequences (CDS) and two tRNA genes involved in the function of the structure, DNA replication, packaging, and regulation. Phage P2 had higher host specificity; many tested strains were not infected. Cell wall adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption receptor component of phage P2 might be a part of the cell wall peptidoglycan. This research might enrich the knowledge about genomic information of lactobacillus phages and provide some primary data to establish phage control measures.

Abstract Background Notch signaling is highly conserved and critically involved in cell differentiation, immunity, and survival. Activation of the Notch pathway modulates immune cell functions during the inflammatory response. However, it remains unknown whether and how the macrophage Notch1 may control the innate immune signaling TAK1, and RIPK3-mediated hepatocyte necroptosis in liver ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI). This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of macrophage Notch1 in modulating TAK1-mediated innate immune responses and RIPK3 functions in liver IRI. Methods Myeloid-specific Notch1 knockout (Notch1M−KO) and floxed Notch1 (Notch1FL/FL) mice (n = 6/group) were subjected to 90 min partial liver warm ischemia followed by 6 h of reperfusion. In a parallel in vitro study, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were isolated from these conditional knockout mice and transfected with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated β-catenin knockout (KO) vector followed by LPS (100 ng/ml) stimulation. Results IR stress-induced Notch1 activation evidenced by increased nuclear Notch intracellular domain (NICD) expression in liver macrophages. Myeloid Notch1 deficiency exacerbated IR-induced liver damage, with increased serum ALT levels, macrophage/neutrophil accumulation, and proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines production compared to the Notch1FL/FL controls. Unlike in the Notch1FL/FL controls, Notch1M−KO enhanced TRAF6, TAK1, NF-κB, RIPK3, and MLKL but reduced β-catenin activation in ischemic livers. However, adoptive transfer of lentivirus β-catenin-modified macrophages markedly improved liver function with reduced TRAF6, p-TAK1, RIPK3 and p-MLKL in IR-challenged livers. Moreover, disruption of RIPK3 in Notch1M−KO mice with an in vivo mannose-mediated RIPK3 siRNA delivery system diminished IR-triggered hepatocyte death. In vitro studies showed that macrophage NICD and β-catenin co-localized in the nucleus, whereby β-catenin interacted with NICD in response to LPS stimulation. Disruption of β-catenin with a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated β-catenin KO in Notch1FL/FL macrophage augmented TRAF6 activation leading to enhanced TAK1 function. While CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TRAF6 KO in Notch1M−KO macrophage inhibited RIPK3-mediated hepatocyte necroptosis after co-culture with primary hepatocytes. Conclusions Macrophage Notch1 controls TAK1-mediated innate immune responses and RIPK3-mediated hepatocyte necroptosis through activation of β-catenin. β-catenin is required for the macrophage Notch1-mediated immune regulation in liver IRI. Our findings demonstrate that the macrophage Notch1-β-catenin axis is a crucial regulatory mechanism in IR-triggered liver inflammation and provide novel therapeutic potential in organ IRI and transplant recipients. Video abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate effect of conducting training of autism spectrum disorder （ASD） early screening skill on improving the ability to early identify ASD of medical staffs in primary care hospitals.MethodsIn September 2021， the training of ASD early screening skills was carried out for medical staffs from 20 primary care hospitals in Chengdu. After training， the training effect was evaluated. The numbers of referrals from primary care hospitals to superior hospitals， confirmed ASD as well as their average diagnostic age of children with ASD before and after training were used as evaluation indicators.ResultsAfter training， the number of children with suspected ASD referred by primary care hospitals was more than that before training ［（16.65±11.60） vs. （3.40±2.23）， t=5.431， P

This paper introduced the design and application of a disposable negative pressure device for collecting drainage fluid specimens. The purpose of this design is to modify the process of collecting drainage fluid specimens, reduce the workload of nurses and avoid the false positive results caused by multiple factors. (本文介绍一种一次性医用负压式引流液标本收集装置的设计与应用方法, 旨在减少留取引流液标本的环节, 节约护士操作时间, 避免留取过程中多环节导致假阳性。)

Study Design This is a multicenter, prospective study. Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of the walking test for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Overview of Literature Walking test is one of the useful procedures to investigate cauda equina syndrome with lumbar spinal stenosis. One the other hands, there were few studies to investigate the reproducibility of this test. Methods In this study, we prospectively examined 70 LSS patients with intermittent claudication symptoms at a multicenter outpatient clinic. A walking test was administered at baseline and week 4 to assess patients’ walking distance and lower limb pain and numbness. Immediately after the walking test, patients were asked to use the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to rate their pain and numbness in the front, back, outside, inside, and hip of the lower legs. The reproducibility of the walking test was evaluated using Cohen’s κ analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Meanwhile, the Swiss Spinal Stenosis (SSS) Questionnaire was used to evaluate the severity of the stenosis. Results The walking distance ICC at baseline and at week 4 remained unchanged at 0.7, with acceptable interobserver reliabilities for lower limb pain and numbness in both legs. The average VAS score for lower leg pain was 23.2±25.2 mm at baseline and 27.4±28.8 mm at week 4, while the corresponding average VAS score for numbness was 23.4±26.7 mm at baseline and 24.8±25.2 mm at week 4. The ICC score was 0.7 for leg pain and 0.7 for numbness. The mean SSS was 30.2±5.5 at baseline and 29.2±5.2 at week 4, and there was no significant difference in the severity. Conclusions The walking test for LSS has acceptable reproducibility.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the chronic microvascular diseases of diabetes. Studies revealed that inflammation is involved in the development of DN. However, its mechanisms are not fully clear. Here, we screened DN-related mRNAs by RNA sequencing in the renal tissues of db/db DN mice and normal control mice. The Swiss-Model, ZDOCK 3.0.2 and PyMOL 2.3.2 were applied for bioinformatics analysis. In total, we obtained 6,820 mRNAs that were dysexpressed in DN. Among them, Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (Rack1) was focused on for its high fold changes and high values of fragments per kilobase million (FPKM) in both two groups (FPKM >100). Moreover, Rack1 was highly expressed in DN in vivo and in vitro. Results displayed that the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines Mcp-1 and Tnf-α were increased when Rack1 was overexpressed in cells cultured with low glucose while the expressions of Mcp-1 and Tnf-α were decreased when Rack1 was silenced in cells cultured with high glucose. Furthermore, results showed that the established DN inflammatory factor nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-κB) was regulated by Rack1 via the direct interaction between Rack1 and NF-κB subunits P50 and P65. In summary, this identified Rack1 could play an important role in the inflammation of DN via NF-κB, which can provide new insight for DN research.

Objective This study is undertaken to elucidate the protective effect and molecular mechanism of genipin against cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to three groups: vehicle-treated sham group, vehicle-treated CLP group, and genipin-treated CLP group. Genipin (2.5 mg/kg) and vehicle (0.9% saline) were respectively administered to corresponding group via the tail vein at 0 h and 20 h after the CLP. First, for the survival experiment, mortality was monitored up to 120 h after the CLP procedure. Second, based on the survival test, 36 h time point after CLP was selected for further tests. The serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF- α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were detected by enzym-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The pathological damages to lung and liver tissue were detected by hematoxylineosin staining (HE staining). The expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins such as glucose regulated protein78 (GRP78), protein kinase r-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), p-eukaryotic initation factor 2α (p-eIF2α), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were determined by Western Blot. Detection of splenocyte apoptosis was performed by using the terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method. Results Compared with the vehicle-treated CLP group, genipin significantly improved the survival of septic mice, decreased the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6, and alleviated histopathological damages to lung and liver such as edema and inflammatory cell infiltration. Moreover, genipin significantly downregulated the expression levels of splenic GRP78, PERK, p-eIF2α, and CHOP, and lessened ERinduced splenocyte apoptosis. Conclusion Genipin significantly attenuates sepsis-induced organ injury and the excessive inflammatory response and improves the outcome of sepsis. The effect mechanisms of genipin against sepsis are probably associated with decreasing splenocyte apoptosis by attenuating ER stress to further block the ER stress-induced apoptosis.

The traditional study on fatigue strength for ship structures usually focuses on high cycle fatigue and ignores low cycle fatigue. However, given the recent trend towards large-scale ship development, the stress and deformation experienced by ship structures are becoming increasingly significant, leading to greater attention being paid to low cycle fatigue damage. Therefore, experimental and numerical studies on crack propagation behavior of cracked plates under low cycle fatigue loads were carried out in this paper, in order to explain the fatigue crack propagation mechanism. The effect of the stress ratio and maximum applied load on the crack propagation behavior was investigated by conducting experimental research on the cracked plate of AH32 steel. The experimental results show that an increasing maximum applied load and decreasing stress ratio will shorten the fatigue life of the cracked plate. Meanwhile, based on the finite element method, the distribution of the stress–strain field at the crack tip and the effect of crack closure were evaluated. The influencing factors such as the stress ratio and crack length were considered in numerical studies, which provided a new way to study the low cycle fatigue crack propagation behavior.

ObjectiveTo investigate the resistance dynamics of Blattella germanica to commonly used insecticides in Yangpu District of Shanghai during 2014‒2020， and to provide the basis for the rational use of insecticides against cockroaches.MethodsBlattella germanica was captured in two farmer’s markets in 2014， 2017 and 2020. The residual film method recommended by WHO was used to test resistance of Blattella germanica to the insecticides.ResultsIn 2014， 2017 and 2020， the resistance ratio of Blattella germanica in Yangpu District was 6.96， 4.39， 7.26 to beta-cypermethrin， 10.41， 6.71， 5.24 to permethrin， and 2.28， 3.16， 1.01 to propoxur.ConclusionThe resistance of Blattella germanica to permethrin and propoxur decreases， and the resistance to beta-cypermethrin keeps at low level. Comprehensive management and rotation of insecticides should be implemented to delay the increase of resistance.

Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a method of establishing, estimating and testing causality. It can replace multiple regression, path analysis, factor analysis, covariance analysis and other methods to clearly analyze the effect of individual indicators on the overall and the relationship between individual indicators. SEM is a multivariate statistical modeling technology mainly applied to confirmatory factor analysis model. Due to the advantages of measuring latent variable scores through observable variables and analyzing the synergistic effects between latent variables using different sub-models, SEM is widely used in data modeling and analysis in the fields of psychology, behavior, and marketing. It provides a mature application path of proposing the concept-designing the model-obtaining data-verifying the model. Geoscience data modeling technology has always been one of the hotspots in geoscience research, the purpose of which is to extract valuable model structures and latent variables from massive, multi-dimensional, high-dimensional, and multi-temporal geo-data, and to study different geo-variables and interactive relationship between latent variables so as to support related applications and research such as environmental governance, disaster prevention, resource prospecting, and ecological evaluation. With the changes in the scale of geoscience data and the continuous development of modeling tools, the geoscience data modeling have gradually changed from sampling to full-sample, the method from under the guidance of geological models to unconstrained/weak-constrained modeling, the basis from variable causality to variable correlation, and the complexity from single model/single process to comprehensive multi-model/multi-process. SEM is a comprehensive modeling method, which can include multiple analysis techniques such as factor analysis, latent variable estimation, path analysis, etc. This multi-level, multi-branch modeling method combines the characteristics of knowledge-driven modeling and data-driven modeling. SEM generally faces the following three challenges, also three changes, in the modeling of geoscience data: from a method mainly oriented to confirmatory modeling and analysis to an exploratory modeling and analysis method; from a construction with complete geological model constraints to a weak model/unconstrained geological data modeling method; from a modeling of statistical variables without spatial attributes to a modeling of spatial statistical variables. This puts forward new requirements on the model itself and the method of data modeling. In response to the above three issues, this article reviews the concept and development of SEM, and introduces three application cases of SEM in geological data modeling.One is using lake sediment geochemical data to extract mineralization endogenous factors in gold mines which is modeled under weak constraints.The second is using the comprehensive parameter optimization method of SEM to weaken and correct CI problem of weight of evidence in the calculation of the posterior probability of gold prospecting by matching the posterior probability and the observation posterior probability. The third is using SEM to study the forest protection strategy of the Magdalena watershed in Mexico.By numbering the forest blocks in different regions, the spatial distribution of the data is transformed into traditional statistical variables without spatial attributes, and the impact of different environmental strategies on forest protection is analyzed.

This article focuses on the impact of the pandemic coronavirus (COVID-19) on Sino-US relations. It describes Sino-US relations before and after the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. Particular attention is paid to the ongoing trade war between the PRC and the US, as well as the development of the information war caused by the politicization of the epidemic. The reasons for the deterioration of Sino-US relations under the influence of the coronavirus are considered. The author highlighted the following factors: US fears about the transition of world economic and political leadership from Washington to Beijing; the disagreement between China and the United States over the anti-epidemic in the framework of multilateral cooperation; problems caused by objectively accelerated changes in the world order. It is concluded that the epidemic plays a limited role in the deterioration of economic and political relations between China and the US. The fundamental reason remains the discrepancy between the unilateralism advocated by the US and multilateralism called for by China.