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Objectives The objective of this study was to quantify the morphology, composition, and asymmetry of the paravertebral extensor muscles (PSEMs) in patients with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) who had different modified K‐line (mK‐line) and the minimum interval between the mK‐line and OPLL (INTmin) values and to investigate the relationship between PSEMs and symptoms and outcomes following laminoplasty. These original findings elucidated that the atrophy of PSEMs could predict decompression outcomes and provided a theoretical basis for paraspinal muscle rehabilitation. Methods A total of 94 consecutive patients who underwent laminoplasty for OPLL between January 2020 and January 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The relative cross‐sectional areas (rCSA), functional cross‐sectional areas (rFCSA), and FCSA/CSA ratio of the multifidus (MF), semispinalis cervicalis (SSCe), semispinalis capitis (SSCa), and splenius capitis (SpCa) were measured at the C3–C7 segments on cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study compared the differences between the mK‐line (+) group and the mK‐line (−) group, as well as between the INTmin

The application of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) to TA4 pure titanium (Ti) results in a fine-grained microstructure. This technique presents an substitute for alloying, delivering enhanced mechanical properties without reducing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. This study employs scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to explore the microstructure evolution and the toughening mechanism of TA4 pure Ti after deformation. ECAP performed at 573 K endows TA4 pure Ti with a uniformly fine-grained microstructure, leading to a significant enhancement in its mechanical properties, exemplified by a yield strength of ∼731.9 ± 2.7 MPa and an elongation of ∼30.8± 1.3 %. While the {0001} basal slip primarily governs the ECAP deformation, the non-basal slip plays an increasingly important role with the increase of passes. The increase of yield strength can be attributed to grain refinement and the modification of the {0001} basal texture. Meanwhile, the improvement of plasticity is related to the strengthening of the {101‾ 0} prismatic texture. These findings offer fresh insights and methodologies for the design and manufacture of high-performance biomedical pure Ti.

IntroductionWe describe a case of purely extradural spinal meningioma (EDSMs) with nerve root attachment and present the clinical profiles, radiological findings, operative management, and follow-up data, along with a literature review. This case study is purely extradural spinal meningioma attached to the nerve root, and the available literature review discusses the diagnosis and treatment. Purely epidural spinal meningiomas are extremely rare, and only a few clinical reports are published on this disease. Although epidural meningioma is a benign tumor, the recurrence rate is higher when compared with ordinary meningioma.Case studyA 39-year-old male complained of chest and back pain with ring-shaped radiations to the precordial area and numbness in both the lower extremities. After a long walk, he felt disharmony in both his lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass located on the left posterolateral side of the T1–T3 spinal cord and exhibited a dumbbell-type growth outward at the level of the T2–T3 intervertebral foramen. On the left side of the thoracic, a hemilaminectomy procedure was performed. The tumor was found in the ventral side of the left nerve root of T1 and was surrounded by the left nerve root of T2. To obliterate the tumor, the T2 nerve root was severed. The patient was advised to come for the follow-up on the 3rd, 6th, and 12th months postoperatively, and there were no complaints or signs of recurrence.ConclusionPurely extradural spinal meningioma with nerve root attachment is rare and has no clinical symptoms and image findings. To completely resect the lesion and avoid recurrence, the affected nerve root, epidural fat tissue, and nerve root sheath should be extensively resected and burned, coagulating the adjacent ventral posterior longitudinal ligament.

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