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29. Evaluation of Combined Strategy to Reduce the Pain of Penicillin G Benzathine Injection in Primary Syphilis.

Author

Fang, Yuxia, Zhao, Yilu, Qin, Lei, Song, Ziyue, and Zhang, Ruzhi

Subjects
INTRAMUSCULAR injections, PENICILLIN G, SYPHILIS, LIDOCAINE, INJECTIONS
Abstract

Background: Intramuscular (IM) injection of penicillin G Benzathine (PGB) is widely recognized as the primary treatment for patients at all stages of syphilis. However, the discomfort and induration associated with PGB injections are often a challenge for patients. While lidocaine is already known to reduce injection pain and is standard practice in some countries, the added value of combining lidocaine with the z-track technique has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to observe the use of combining lidocaine with the Z-track technique in the treatment of syphilis, and to explore less painful methods of administering IM PGB for the treatment of syphilis in adult patients. Methods: 32 syphilis patients requiring penicillin treatment were injected with 1.2 million units of penicillin on both sides of the buttocks. The left side was injected using the traditional method with 0.9% saline as the solvent (control Group), while the right side was injected using a "z" injection method with 0.2% lidocaine as the solvent (experimental Group). The success rate of the single injection, the intensity and duration of the post-injection pain and the induration reaction were observed and recorded. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in single injection success rate and immediate post injection pain score between the two sides (P 0.05). However, the right side had a lower pain score at 30 minutes post injection and fewer induration reactions, showing a statistically significant difference between the two sides (P< 0.05). Chi-squared analysis showed that age, gender and BMI had no significant effect on pain scores 30 minutes after injection in either the control or intervention groups. (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The lidocaine + Z-track penicillin method can reduce delayed pain and induration reactions in patients with syphilis, and provides an additional approach to improving patient comfort beyond the standard use of lidocaine alone. This method merits clinical promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. Normative growth modeling of brain morphology reveals neuroanatomical heterogeneity and biological subtypes in children with ADHD

Author

Bu, Xuan, primary, Zhao, Yilu, additional, Zheng, Xiangyu, additional, Fu, Zhao, additional, Zhang, Kangfuxi, additional, Sun, Xiaoyi, additional, Cui, Zaixu, additional, Xia, Mingrui, additional, Ma, Leilei, additional, Liu, Ningyu, additional, Lu, Jing, additional, Zhao, Gai, additional, Ding, Yuyin, additional, Deng, Yao, additional, Wang, Jiali, additional, Chen, Rui, additional, Zhang, Haibo, additional, Men, Weiwei, additional, Wang, Yanpei, additional, Gao, Jiahong, additional, Tan, Sunping, additional, Sun, Li, additional, Qin, Shaozheng, additional, Tao, Sha, additional, Wang, Yufeng, additional, Dong, Qi, additional, Cao, Qingjiu, additional, Yang, Li, additional, and He, Yong, additional

Published
2024
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33. Effects of Photodynamic Therapy Using 5 -Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) Loaded Acrylic Nanoparticles (ANPs) on HaCaT Cells.

Author

Ge, Kang, Zhao, Yilu, Liu, Xiao, and Zhang, Ruzhi

Subjects
PHOTODYNAMIC therapy, MEMBRANE potential, MITOCHONDRIAL membranes, TRANSMISSION electron microscopy, NANOPARTICLES
Abstract

ALA-PDT (5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy) is a central modality in the treatment of skin diseases. Increasing the bioavailability of ALA remains a critical issue. With this in mind, our study explores a novel route of ALA delivery by loading acrylic nanoparticles (ANPs). Methods: ALA-ANPs were synthesized by emulsion polymerisation and characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The effects of ALA-ANPs on HaCaT cell line were evaluated, including characteristics, morphological changes, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence kinetics, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and ki67 expression in these cells. Results: The ANPs had uniform sizes, smooth surfaces and excellent light transmittance, with diameters of 150– 200 nm. In contrast, the ALA - ANPs had uneven surfaces and poor light transmittance, with diameters of 220– 250 nm. During 12 hours of co-incubation of HaCaT cells with ALA, the intracellular accumulation of PpIX increased over time. Notably, after 6 hours of incubation, PpIX levels induced by 1.81 mg/mL ALA-ANPs exceeded those induced by 1.0 mM ALA (p < 0.01). CCK-8 results showed a positive correlation between PDT-induced inhibition of HaCaT cell proliferation and ALA concentration when ALA concentration remained below 2.0 mM. Compared to the 1.0 mM ALA group, the 1.81 mg/mL ALA-ANPs group showed decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, ki67 immunofluorescence intensity and cell proliferation. In contrast, ROS levels were significantly increased in the 1.81 mg/mL ALA-ANPs group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Loading ANPs provide improved stability and potency for ALA. The ALA-ANPs-PDT approach has superior inhibitory effects on HaCaT proliferation in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. Heterostructure high-entropy alloys with exceptional thermal stability and resistance towards intermediate temperature embrittlement.

Author

Cao, Boxuan, Zhao, Wuxin, Jing, Lijun, Zhao, Yilu, Hou, Jinxiong, Yu, Suzhu, Xie, Guoqiang, Liu, Weihong, Yang, Tao, and Wei, Jun

Subjects
THERMAL stability, THERMAL resistance, RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy), CRYSTAL grain boundaries, HIGH temperatures, EMBRITTLEMENT
Abstract

• The heterogeneous columnar-grained structure demonstrated exceptional thermal stability even with high deformation energy stored in the large-size columnar-grained region. The precipitation of the intermetallic phase consumes the deformation energy and reduces the driving force for recrystallization on the one hand; on the other hand, the high-density precipitation effectively impedes dislocation rearrangement and exerts a pinning effect on grain boundaries. • A quantitative viewpoint into the competing kinetic factors governing the thermal stability of the heterogeneous columnar-grained structure is also given, that is, the driving force for recrystallization provided by the restored deformation energy and the zener pinning pressure induced by high-density precipitates. • The heterostructure demonstrated exceptional resistance towards intermediate temperature embrittlement. A wide range of polycrystalline alloys witness severe intergranular embrittlement in the intermediate temperature regime, setting limits on their safe applications. The heterogeneous columnar-grained structure provides a substantial intergranular toughening effect, contributing to the recovered ductility at elevated temperatures. However, the stored deformation energy could act as the driving force for recrystallization, setting the heterostructure thermodynamically unstable. In this study, we carefully examine the microstructural stability and associated high-temperature mechanical properties of the heterogeneous columnar-grained structure. The precipitation of the intermetallic phase not only consumes the deformation energy and reduces the driving force for recrystallization, but also impedes dislocation rearrangement and exerts a pinning effect on grain boundaries. Therefore, the heterostructure demonstrated exceptional thermal stability at temperatures up to 800 °C (∼ 0.7 melting temperature). These findings not only advance the mechanistic understanding of the intermediate temperature intergranular embrittling behaviors but also provide promising pathways for developing new-generation strong-yet-ductile high-temperature structural materials. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Difference of Gut Microbiota in ADHD.

Author

Wang, Ning, Wang, Haibin, Bai, Yu, Zhao, Yilu, Zheng, Xiangyu, Gao, Xuping, Zhang, Zifeng, and Yang, Li

Subjects
GUT microbiome, ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder, METAGENOMICS, EUCLIDEAN distance, MENTAL illness
Abstract

Objective: Although ADHD is highly heritable, some environmental factors contribute to its development. Given the growing evidence that gut microbiota was involved in psychiatric disorders, we aimed to identify the characteristic composition of the gut microbiota in ADHD. Methods: We recruited 47 medication-naive children and adolescents with ADHD, and 60 healthy controls (HCs). We used shotgun metagenomics to measure the structure of the gut microbiota and analyzed the difference in bacterial taxa between ADHD and HCs. Results: Significant differences were found between the ADHD and HC groups in both alpha diversity indices (Simpson index, p =.025 and Shannon index, p =.049) and beta diversity indices (Euclidean distance, Bray-Curtis distance, and JSD distance, p < 2.2e-16). Nine representative species best explain the difference. Conclusion: Patients with ADHD showed significant differences in the composition of the gut microbiota compared with HCs. These results may help identify potential biomarkers of ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Deep Learning in the EEG Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Author

Zhao, Yilu, He, Lianghua, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Jawahar, C.V., editor, and Shan, Shiguang, editor

Published
2015
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