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The paper proposes and verifies a small-angle measurement method based on the defect spot mode of the position-sensitive detector (PSD). With the output characteristics of the PSD in the defect spot mode and the size transformation properties of a focused beam, the measurement sensitivity can be significantly improved. Calibration experiments with the piezoelectric transducer (PZT) indicate that compared with the current PSD-based autocollimation method, the proposed method can improve the sensitivity of small-angle measurement by 57 times, and the measurement sensitivity of the proposed method can be further improved by optimizing the system parameters, while the proposed method has the advantages of a simple system and high real-time performance. Therefore, the proposed method is expected to be used in high-precision motion error detection, as well as in shape and position measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the impact of the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway in activating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and its role in the development of SSc. Methods: Utilized single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and high‐throughput transcriptome RNA sequencing to reveal the differential abundance of pDCs and the role of the key gene IFIT3 in SSc. Conducted in vitro cell experiments to evaluate the effect of IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway intervention on pDC activation cytokine release and fibroblast function. Constructed an IFIT3−/− mouse model using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) gene editing to assess the potential benefits of intervening in the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway on skin and lung fibrosis in the SSc mouse model. Results: The IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway plays a crucial role in activating pDCs, with IFIT3 acting as an upstream regulator of TBK1. Intervention in the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway can inhibit pDC activation cytokine release and impact fibroblast function. The IFIT3−/− mouse model shows potential benefits of targeting the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway in reducing skin and lung fibrosis in the SSc mouse model. Conclusion: This study provides new insights into potential therapeutic targets for SSc, highlighting the critical role of the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway in SSc development. Highlights: This study elucidates the pivotal role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in systemic sclerosis (SSc).This study identified the key regulatory gene involved in systemic sclerosis (SSc) as IFIT3.This study has found that IFIT3 functions as an upstream regulatory factor, activating TBK1.This study provides Evidence of the regulatory effects of the IFIT3/TBK1 pathway on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs).This study validated the therapeutic potential using the IFIT3−/− mouse model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the associations of tea, coffee, and red wine intakes with health risks among individuals with hypertension. Methods This prospective cohort study included participants with hypertension from the UK Biobank cohort. Study exposures included self-reported intakes of coffee, tea, and red wine. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes were cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular disease. The associations of beverage intake with outcomes were analyzed using Cox regression models. The hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Results A total of 187 708 participants with hypertension were included. The median follow-up period was 13.8 years. In individuals with hypertension, drinking one to two cups/day of coffee or three to four cups/day of tea was significantly associated with the lowest risk of all-cause mortality compared with less than one cup/day [hazard ratio for coffee, 0.943 (95% confidence interval, 0.908–0.979); hazard ratio for tea, 0.882 (95% confidence interval, 0.841–0.924)]. Red wine intake was inversely associated with all-cause mortality risk. Dose–response analysis revealed that high coffee intake (approximately greater than or equal to six cups/day) was significantly associated with increased risks of cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular disease, but high tea and red wine intakes were not. Furthermore, replacing plain water with tea, but not coffee, significantly reduced the risks of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease. Replacing other alcoholic beverages with red wine also significantly reduced the risks of all three outcomes. Conclusions These findings suggest that tea and red wine, but not coffee, can be part of a healthy diet for the hypertensive population. What is already known on this topic Previous studies showed that intakes of tea, coffee, and red wine were associated with health benefits in the general population. What this study adds Tea and red wine intakes were inversely associated with mortality and cardiovascular risk in individuals with hypertension, and these effects were not attributable to the respective water and alcohol ingredients. Modest and high coffee intakes were associated with slightly reduced mortality and elevated cardiovascular risk, respectively, and coffee intake was not more beneficial than water intake. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy Tea and red wine, but not coffee, can be part of a healthy diet in individuals with hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]