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The detection of volatile aliphatic aldehydes is of significance because of their chemical toxicity, physical volatility and widespread applications in chemical industrial processes. In this work, the direct detection of aliphatic aldehydes is tackled using a pillar[5]arene‐based fluorescent supramolecular polymer with vaporchromic behavior. Thin films with strong orange‐yellow fluorescence are prepared by coating the linear supramolecular polymer on glass sheets. When the thin films are exposed to aliphatic aldehydes with different carbon chain lengths, they can selectively sensing n‐butyraldehyde (C4) and caprylicaldehyde (C8), accompanied by fluorescence quenching, indicating that the supramolecular polymer is a highly selective vapochromic response material for aliphatic aldehydes with long alkyl chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the Xiaojiang and Xiangxi Rivers, two typical tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir, as examples, this study analyzed and compared the hydrodynamic, thermal stratification, and temporal and spatial differences in dissolved oxygen (DO) and their responses to the water storage process in the two tributaries through field monitoring at different stages of the 2020 impoundment period. The results showed that:① at the initial stage of water storage, the DO in the surface layer of the Xiaojiang River was higher (7.00-13.00 mg·L -1 ) due to atmospheric reoxygenation and phytoplankton photosynthesis, and the oxycline appeared in the water depth of 3-5 m. A large area of anoxia (DO<2.00 mg·L -1 ) or even an anaerobic sublayer occurred in the water below 5 m. The DO in the Xiangxi River could be divided into three layers vertically:oxygen-rich surface water (8.00-12.00 mg·L -1 ), middle water (6.00-8.00 mg·L -1 ), and low-oxygen bottom water (4.00-6.00 mg·L -1 ). ② Thermal stratification provided a stable physical environment, whereas the upstream inflow and vegetation decomposition in the water-level fluctuation zone increased the content of organic matter, which likely increased the oxygen consumption which was conducive to the formation of an anaerobic bottom layer. In the Xiangxi River, the risk of hypoxia in the bottom water body was low because of the oxygen replenishment from the long-term downslope-bottom density current.③ Continuous monitoring also showed that the storage of the reservoir played a significant role in the replenishment of DO in tributaries, which effectively and rapidly improved the anaerobic phenomenon in the Xiaojiang River. In the Three Gorges Reservoir, it is feasible to ameliorate the water ecological problems such as anoxia and anaerobic conditions in the tributaries via reservoir operation. This study aids understanding of the characteristics and differences of DO stratification in different tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir, which can provide theoretical and technical support for reservoir ecological operation.

The detection of volatile aliphatic aldehydes is of significance because of their chemical toxicity, physical volatility and widespread applications in chemical industrial processes. In this work, the direct detection of aliphatic aldehydes is tackled using a pillar[5]arene-based fluorescent supramolecular polymer with vaporchromic behavior. Thin films with strong orange-yellow fluorescence are prepared by coating the linear supramolecular polymer on glass sheets. When the thin films are exposed to aliphatic aldehydes with different carbon chain lengths, they can selectively sensing n-butyraldehyde (C 4 ) and caprylicaldehyde (C 8 ), accompanied by fluorescence quenching, indicating that the supramolecular polymer is a highly selective vapochromic response material for aliphatic aldehydes with long alkyl chains., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

The hydrodynamics and environmental factors in the Xiangxi River (XXR) and Shennong River (SNR), which are tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), were monitored from July to August (the low water level period) and in October (the impoundment period) in 2018. The vertical distribution characteristics of chlorophyll a and other indicators of the two tributaries were analyzed during the different operation periods, and the factors that affected the vertical distribution in each period were discussed. The results showed that the vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen, water temperature, pH value, and chlorophyll a of the XXR and SNR during the low water level period was relatively consistent. The indexes 0-10 m (0-5 m for chlorophyll a) from the surface of the XXR and SNR, respectively, showed significant stratification and decreased with increasing water depth; the stability index of thermal stratification (RWCS/ H ) was 13.71-29.07 m -1 , which was stable. After the water depth reached 10 m (5 m for chlorophyll a), the indexes tended to be stable along the water depth. During the impoundment period, there was no obvious stratification for each index; the stability index of thermal stratification was 0-0.5 m -1 , the stability of the water body was weak, and the vertical variation of each index was relatively stable. The comprehensive trophic state index (TLI) of the XXR and SNR were 55 and 53 during the low water level period, respectively, indicating that they were in a slightly eutrophic state, and 39 and 46 during the impoundment period, respectively, indicating a mesotrophic state. Linear regression analysis showed that chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, and pH in the two tributaries were significantly correlated in the vertical direction in the low water level period, indicating that dissolved oxygen, water temperature stratification, and pH were important factors affecting the vertical distribution of chlorophyll a. During the impoundment period, a large amount of backflow from the Yangtze River, a large fluctuation in tributary water level, and the decrease in RWCS/ H were the important factors that affected the small vertical change in the water body. The enhancement of vertical mixing and the decrease in Z eu / Z mix were the key factors affecting the nutritional status of the water.

Sorption of ofloxacin (OFL) by carbon nanotubes is an effective method to control its fate in aquatic environment. The sorption process of OFL by mixed acid-treated and non-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes was discussed. Sorption kinetics, sorption isotherm, desorption, sorption thermodynamics and effect of pH were investigated. The results indicated that the sorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order kinetics model. The equilibrium sorption capacity of OFL on MWCNTs-O was higher. The sorption isotherm could be fitted by both the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The equilibrium sorption capacity dropped when the pH of aqueous solution was in the range of 6.0 to 10.0. Obvious desorption hysteresis was observed during the desorption experiments, especially on MWCNTs-O. Sorption thermodynamics analysis showed that the interactions between the OFL and sorbents were mainly between molecules. More oxygen-containing functional groups introduced on MWCNTs provided OFL molecules with more sorptive sites, which facilitated the generation of hydrogen bonds, a relatively strong interaction. The hydrogen bonds dominated the sorption process of OFL by MWCNTs/MWCNTs-O, explaining the experimental phenomena.