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Soft X-ray imaging is a powerful tool to explore the structure of cells, probe material with nanometer resolution, and investigate the energetic phenomena in the universe. Conventional soft X-ray image sensors are by and large Si-based charge coupled devices that suffer from low frame rates, complex fabrication processes, mechanical inflexibility, and required cooling below -60 °C. Here, a soft X-ray photodiode is reported based on low-cost metal halide perovskite with comparable performance to commercial Si-based device. Nanothrough network electrode minimized the optical loss due to the shadowing of insensitive layers, while a multidimensional perovskite heterojunction is generated to reduce the photo-generated carrier loss. This strategy promoted a record quantum efficiency of 8 × 103% without cooling, several orders of magnitude greater than the previously achieved. Flexible and curved soft X-ray imaging arrays are fabricated based on this high-performance device structure, demonstrating stable soft X-ray response and sharp imaging capabilities. This work highlights the low-cost and efficient perovskite photodiode as a strong candidate for the next-generation soft X-ray image sensors.

Background As a common malignant tumor, prostate cancer (PCa) poses a significant threat to the well-being of men worldwide. The prognosis of PCa is intricately linked to the grade and stage of the tumor at the time of initial detection. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a key biomarker for evaluating prostate health, yet lacks specificity for prostate cancer tumors. Elevated PSA levels can also be caused by benign prostate diseases. And the indiscriminate use of biopsy resulting in overdiagnosis. Hence, the development of a prostate cancer risk prediction model based on pre-biopsy clinical indicators in patients can serve as a valuable tool for early screening of individuals with suspicious findings warranting biopsy. Objective To examine the individual risk factors associated with positive prostate biopsy outcomes and develop a risk assessment model for predicting positive biopsy results in PCa screening. Methods A total of 1 138 patients who underwent prostate biopsy in the Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January 2011 to June 2023 were gathered and organized. Following the exclusion of 351 cases with inadequate clinical data, the remaining 787 cases were randomly allocated into a training set and validation set in a 7∶3 ratio by R software. Patient demographics and routine biochemical test results prior to biopsy were compiled, with PCa diagnosis determined based on the outcomes of the biopsy. LASSO regression analysis in the R software was utilized to identify independent risk factors associated with the development of PCa based on biochemical indicators. Subsequently, multivariate logistic regression analysis in SPSS software was employed to construct an early screening and predictive model for PCa, with a Nomogram being generated. The model was validated according to the data of training set and validation set. Results The study utilized LASSO regression analysis to identify 6 independent risk factors associated with positive prostate biopsy results, including age, total PSA (tPSA), alkaline phosphatase, serum protein level, Ca2+, and urea. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals aged 60 years or older (OR=3.769, 95%CI=2.393-5.937), with tPSA levels of 10 μg/L or higher (OR=2.259, 95%CI=1.419-3.596), and alkaline phosphatase levels exceeding 45 U/L (45-

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is identified as a progressive disease that may lead to irreparable heart failure. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is believed to be implicated in the pathogenesis of DCM. This study intended to explore the potential impact of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on DCM in vitro and in vivo. Streptozotocin and HG medium were utilized to induce diabetes in animal and cell models, respectively. Selective TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II (CaMKII) inhibitor KN-93 were employed to explore the involvement of TLR4/CaMKII in DCM. TLR4 expression was increased in DCM hearts, while inhibition of TLR4 activation by TAK-242 improved cardiac function, attenuated heart hypertrophy, and fibrosis, as well as reduced oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine levels in rats, which were confirmed by Doppler echocardiography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Masson Trichome staining and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Besides, the expression of hypertrophy-related molecules and oxidative stress damage were also inhibited by TAK-242. Furthermore, TAK-242 treatment reduced CaMKII phosphorylation accompanied by decreased expression of NOD-like pyrin domain-containing protein 3, gasdermin D (GSDMD), The N-terminal domain of Gasdermin D (GSDMD-N), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) and Caspase-1 both in vivo and in vitro. Similar positive impacts on HG-induced pyroptosis were also observed with KN-93 treatment, and this was achieved without affecting TLR4 expression. Collectively, our work suggested that TAK-242 demonstrated substantial benefits against DCM both in vivo and in vitro, potentially attributed to the suppression of the TLR4-mediated CaMKII/NLRP3 pathway activity.

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of flaxseed on lipid metabolism， fatigue， and inflammation in overweight children.MethodsEighty overweight children ［average age： 11.50 ± 2.11 years； sex： 40 males and 40 females］ were randomly divided into the control （group C， n = 40） and experimental （group W， n = 40） group. A pre-test was carried out after completion of study-related assessments （blood collection； evaluation of the indexes of fatigue， inflammation， stress， and fat metabolism； and completing mental state-related questionnaires and body composition tests）. Participants in group C ate 20 g of expanded wheat （approximately 347 kcal） while those in group W ate 20 g of flaxseed （approximately 420 kcal） every day. Blood samples and body composition tests were carried out on Sunday in weeks 4， 8， 12， and 16 of the intervention. The mental stress questionnaire was completed on Sunday in week 16 of the intervention.ResultsDuring the 16-week diet， no significant changes in body mass index （BMI）， body fat rate， triglyceride （TG）， total Cholesterol （TC）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） were found in group C （P>0.05）. The BMI， body fat rate， TG， TC， and LDL-C of participants tended to trend downward in group W. After week 16， the values of these indexes were significantly lower than those in the pretest and group C at the corresponding time point （P