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Makerspaces are a relatively new phenomenon that seem to create an innovative environment for individuals to work on projects and learn about technology. This article presents a grounded theory study, which investigates the impact that makerspaces have on innovation. Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory methodology is used to research this exploratory topic. The data sample consists of 16 interviews of members of a makerspace in Shanghai, China. Data analysis was conducted abiding by Strauss and Corbin's coding framework, entailing open coding, axial coding, and selective coding as well as coding tools, such as the coding paradigm and the conditional matrix. Collaborative learning was identified as the core phenomenon of this research, and The Collaborative Learning and its Outcomes Theory was created. The emergent theory contributes to the understanding of how makerspaces impact outcomes, such as innovation and venture creation, as well as explain how collaborative learning in conjunction with other modes of learning can facilitate learning at various complexities. As such, this study's contributions are in developing the theoretical understanding of makerspaces as well as collaborative learning. It offers managerial and pedagogical implications that can help create learning environments where collaborative learning is fostered.

Pavement cracking is a primary cause of early damage in asphalt pavements, and fiber-reinforcement technology is an effective method for enhancing the anti-cracking performance of pavement mixtures. However, due to the multi-scale dispersed structure of pavement mixtures, it is challenging to address cracking and damage with a single fiber type or fibers of the same scale. To investigate the toughening mechanisms and damage behavior of hybrid-fiber-modified mixtures, we analyzed the fracture process and damage behavior of these mixtures using a combination of basalt fiber and calcium sulfate whisker hybrid fiber modification, along with semicircular bending tests. Additionally, digital imaging was employed to examine the fracture interface characteristics, revealing the toughening mechanisms at play. The results demonstrated that basalt fibers effectively broaden the toughness range of the modified mixture at the same temperature, reduce mixture stiffness, increase residual load at the same displacement, and improve crack resistance in the mixture matrix. While calcium sulfate whiskers enhanced the peak load of the mixture, their high stiffness modulus was found to be detrimental to the mixture's crack toughness. The fracture interface analysis indicated that the three-dimensionally distributed fibers form a spatial network within the mixture, restricting the relative movement of cement and aggregate, delaying crack propagation, and significantly improving the overall crack resistance of the mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the research progress and development of aluminate long afterglow luminescent materials in the field of road marking, especially the study of rare earth ion-activated strontium aluminate (SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+)-based long afterglow powders. This article begins by describing the importance of road markings and the need to improve their visibility and durability at night and in adverse weather conditions. Subsequently, the current passive and active methods for improving the visibility of marking materials are discussed in detail, focusing on the advantages of aluminate long afterglow materials and challenges related to their hydrolysis and thermal stability. Through the application of organic–inorganic composite coating technology, the water resistance and thermal stability of the materials can be improved, thus enhancing the performance of road markings. This article also summarizes the current research status of different types of long afterglow road marking coatings. It analyzes the luminescence mechanism of aluminate long afterglow materials. Additionally, this article discusses future research directions and application prospects. The aim is to provide technical references and support for the wide application of long afterglow self-luminous road marking coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subordinate self-serving attribution of leader respect (SSALR) refers to the extent to which employees attribute leader respect to intrinsic personal factors, such as their ability and contribution to the organization, rather than extrinsic factors, such as leadership or luck. Based on attribution theory, we proposed that subordinate SSALR triggers psychological entitlement, inducing subordinate interpersonal deviance. In Study 1 (n = 139) and Study 2 (n = 200) we conducted experiments to investigate the association between subordinate SSALR and subordinate psychological entitlement, and, by extension, interpersonal deviance through psychological entitlement. Empirical results showed that subordinate SSALR positively correlated with subordinate psychological entitlement. Additionally, subordinate psychological entitlement was positively associated with subordinate interpersonal deviance and mediates the relationship between subordinate SSALR and subordinate interpersonal deviance. This study's contribution lies in testing, for the first time, the influence of subordinate SSALR on subordinate interpersonal deviance, which has important theoretical and practical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An improved Remaining Service Life (RSL) prediction model of slab based on strain gauge data was presented in this paper. Numerical simulation models were developed to analyse the responses on airfield pavement slabs for more than 10,935 loading scenarios. Then, the bottom transverse strains of the slab, as well as the slab thickness, elastic modulus of the slab, base thickness and elastic modulus of the base, were used to calculate the Cumulative Damage Factor (CDF) of the slab. The slab was divided into different strips to accurately locate the failure zone. The RSL of the slab calculated by the model developed were compared with result of the FAARFIELD software. The results showed that the RSL prediction method proposed in this paper is within 5% of the results of FAARFIELD. Furthermore, the constructed model for predicting the RSL of slabs can capture the failure regions of airfield runways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]