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This research paper primarily focuses on the synchronization of a specific class of multi‐weighted coupled neural networks (MWCNNs) with switching topology, employing two adaptive control methods. In complex environments and under the influence of communication disturbances, the topology structures of coupled neural networks with multiple weights inevitably undergo time‐varying changes. To address this, we propose a novel type of MWCNNs with switching topologies. To ensure synchronization within this network, we develop sufficient conditions based on Lyapunov functional and inequality techniques. These conditions guarantee the achievement of synchronization. Moreover, we address the synchronization problem by employing node‐based and edge‐based adaptive controllers. Finally, we provide a numerical example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results. This example serves as empirical evidence showcasing the successful application of the proposed synchronization approach in practical scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bearing capacity of the phyllite soil subgrade can be greatly improved by red clay, but the water stability of the modified soil is still poor. Hence, the blended soil has been found to be unsuitable for the construction of high-speed railways. This paper proposes an innovative scheme, by adding appropriate amounts of cement and red clay concurrently, to improve phyllite soil, which achieves a higher bearing capacity of the subgrade immediately after compaction, while also solving the problem of insufficient water stability. Laboratory tests of the permeability and disintegration characteristics of phyllite soils improved by cement, red clay, and both were carried out. The test results show that the permeability coefficient and maximum disintegration rate of soil can be improved effectively by using both red clay and cement. It was found that the optimal combination scheme is to add 3% cement and 40% red clay to phyllite soil by mass. Under the optimal scheme, the permeability coefficient, maximum disintegration rate, and disintegration rate of the improved soil decreased by 90.02%, 90.30%, and 99.02%, respectively, compared with the phyllite soil. The microscopic study shows that the mechanism of red clay blending with phyllite is that the finer particles of red clay infill the pores among the phyllite particles, thus reducing its permeability coefficient. The mechanism of adding cement to the blending soil mainly results from the production of hard-setting new materials and the formation of a cementation network among the soil particles, which not only increases the shear strength of the soil, but also reduces the permeability coefficient and the maximum disintegration ratio of the soil. This work makes full use of the complementary characteristics of red clay and phyllite soil and the advantages of hard-setting new materials, which will provide a new idea for soil improvement of the phyllite soil in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]