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Only 50% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can control their blood glucose levels. Dapagliflozin is a selective inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) that improves the insulin sensitivity of the liver and peripheral tissues. Many studies confirmed that SGLT2 inhibitors reduce blood glucose and have multiple beneficial effects such as weight loss, lipid regulation, and kidney protection. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of the renal and cardiovascular protective effects of dapagliflozin from the perspective of differentially expressed proteins in the serum of T2DM patients have not been intensively explored so far.To identify differentially expressed proteins associated with dapagliflozin treatment in patients with T2DM.Twenty T2DM patients [hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 7.0%-10.0%] were enrolled at The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University between January 1, 2017 and December 1, 2018. They received dapagliflozin (10 mg/d) for 3 mo, and the HbA1c7.0% target was achieved. The changes in clinical indexes were compared before and after treatments. Label-free quantitative proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed proteins using the serum samples of five patients. The identified differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using various bioinformatics tools.Dapagliflozin significantly improved the clinical manifestation of the patients. There were 18 downregulated proteins and one upregulated protein in the serum samples of patients after dapagliflozin administration. Bioinformatics analyses, including subcellular localization, EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotations, were used to profile the biological characteristics of the 19 differentially expressed proteins. Based on the literature and function enrichment analysis, two downregulated proteins, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and alpha II B integrin (ITGA2B), and one upregulated protein, podocalyxin (PCX), were selected for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay validation. These validated differentially expressed proteins had multiple correlations with clinical indexes, including HbAc1 and fasting C-peptide.Dapagliflozin has hypoglycemic effects and regulates the serum expressions of MPO, ITGA2B, and PCX, possibly contributing to the effects of dapagliflozin on oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism.

Xiao-Yan Ren,1,* Meng-Ruo Xue,2,* Zhao-Li Yan,1 Shao-Jie Zhang,3 Min Liu,1 Ai-Zhen Li1 1Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anatomy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhao-Li Yan, Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1, North Tongdao Street, Huiming District, Hohhot, 010050, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13848177245, Email yanzhaoliyzl9@126.comObjective: This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and gene mutations of two families with maturity-onset diabetes of the young 3 (MODY 3) in Inner Mongolia.Methods: Fifty-three patients in Inner Mongolia suspected of having MODY 3 were enrolled in this study according to clinical manifestations. Blood samples were collected, and all exons of the HNF1α gene were analyzed; the second-generation DNA of the splicing regions of the gene was determined by direct sequencing.Results: In Family 1, the proband, mother, and uncle all carried the missense heterozygous mutation on exon 2 of the HNF1α gene (c.512G>A, p.Arg171Gln), and both the proband and uncle had MODY 3. In Family 2, the proband, grandfather, father, uncle I, and uncle II all carried a missense mutation on exon 2 (c.391C>t, p.Arg131Trp), and all had MODY 3. The blood glucose control in these patients was stable while they were being treated with oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs alone or with insulin. Uncle II had serious macrovascular and microvascular complications.Conclusion: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 3 gene mutations (c.512G>A, p.Arg171Gln) and (c.391C>T, p.Arg131Trp) may be the main pathogenic genes of the two families with MODY 3. The two gene mutations found in this study have not been reported previously in China.Keywords: gene, HNF1α, MODY, c.512G>A, (Arg171Gln), c.391C>T, (Arg131Trp)

Objective: To investigate the pharmacodynamics of Qingyan granules. Methods: To investigate the efficancy of qingyan granules, the animal experience of maximum tolerated dose of mice was made. And the auricular swelling model of mice, the foot swelling model of rat, the phenol red secretion method, and the hot-plate and glacial acetic acid stimulation writhing method was established and used to test the anti-inflammatory effect, the expectorant effect, and the analgesia effect. Results: Pharmacodynamics experiment proved that the maximum dosage for mice was 42g/kg, the equivalent of 56 times for human. Qingyan granules has obvious inhibitory effect on mouse auricle swelling caused by xylene, and has obvious inhibitory effect on carrageenan-induced rat paw edem. Also, the mice pain caused by thermal and chemical stimulation has obviously inhibited by Qingyan granules. Qingyan granules can prolong the pain reaction time on mice caused by acetic acid. Conclusions: Qingyan granules have evident effects of anti-inflammatory effect, analgesic effect and expectorant effect.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-jva-10.1177_11297298211027408 for Impact of pulmonary hypertension on arteriovenous fistula failure of hemodialysis patients: A 10 years follow-up cohort study by Li Song, Zi-Lin Quan, Li-Yan Zhao, Dong-Mei Cui, Mi Zhong, Li-Fang Zhou, Chun-Yan Sun, Ying-Gui Chen, Ya-Wen Mo, Zhonglin Feng, Yiming Tao, Zhiming Ye, Yuanhan Chen, Huaban Liang, Ting Lin, Shuangxin Liu, Xin-Ling Liang and Xia Fu in The Journal of Vascular Access

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-jva-10.1177_11297298211027408 for Impact of pulmonary hypertension on arteriovenous fistula failure of hemodialysis patients: A 10 years follow-up cohort study by Li Song, Zi-Lin Quan, Li-Yan Zhao, Dong-Mei Cui, Mi Zhong, Li-Fang Zhou, Chun-Yan Sun, Ying-Gui Chen, Ya-Wen Mo, Zhonglin Feng, Yiming Tao, Zhiming Ye, Yuanhan Chen, Huaban Liang, Ting Lin, Shuangxin Liu, Xin-Ling Liang and Xia Fu in The Journal of Vascular Access

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jva-10.1177_11297298211027408 for Impact of pulmonary hypertension on arteriovenous fistula failure of hemodialysis patients: A 10 years follow-up cohort study by Li Song, Zi-Lin Quan, Li-Yan Zhao, Dong-Mei Cui, Mi Zhong, Li-Fang Zhou, Chun-Yan Sun, Ying-Gui Chen, Ya-Wen Mo, Zhonglin Feng, Yiming Tao, Zhiming Ye, Yuanhan Chen, Huaban Liang, Ting Lin, Shuangxin Liu, Xin-Ling Liang and Xia Fu in The Journal of Vascular Access