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Highly efficient, broadband, and distinctively structured electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials exhibit huge exceptions with multi-functions in both military and civilian fields. Searching the relationship between structure, components, and EMW performance is beneficial to developing outstanding microwave absorption materials and has become an attractive research topic. In this study, we briefly review the different EMW absorption mechanisms, key influencing factors, and present the latest developments in low-dimensional (LD) EMW absorption materials. We provide a comprehensive discussion of remarkable examples and summarize the main information related to the structure–function relationship of dimensional design and structural engineering with different costitutions in order to facilitate the rapid evolution of this fascinating field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyse the morphological characteristics of the ciliary muscle (CM) and to explore its relationship with different ocular biometric parameters in myopic young Chinese adults. Methods: This observational, cross‐sectional study included 50 right eyes from 50 myopic adults. The CM area (CMA), CM thickness (CMT) and CM length (CML) were measured using the ArcScan Insight® 100. CMT was determined at three points: 1.0 mm (CMT‐1), 2.0 mm (CMT‐2) and 3.0 mm (CMT‐3) posterior to the scleral spur. CML was measured on the scleral (CMLs) and vitreous (CMLv) aspects. The spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were examined to determine their associations with CM parameters (CMA, CML and CMT). Results: The mean SER and AL were −4.39 ± 2.29 D and 25.61 ± 1.15 mm, respectively. Compared with the nasal CMA, CML and CMT (CMT‐1, CMT‐2 and CMT‐3) findings, the temporal CM parameters (CMA, CMLs, CMLv, CMT‐1, CMT‐2 and CMT‐3) were found to be significantly thicker (all p < 0.001, except CMLv and CMT‐1; p < 0.01). The nasal CMA was associated with the average corneal curvature (r = 0.30, p = 0.03) and SER (r = −0.30, p = 0.04). Nasal and temporal CMT‐2 were negatively correlated with SER (r = −0.33 and −0.32, respectively, both p < 0.05). There was no correlation between CM parameters (except nasal CMLs, r = 0.31, p = 0.03) and SFCT, or between CM parameters and either the AL or anterior chamber depth (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that there is temporal versus nasal asymmetry of the CM. CMA, CMT or CML did not vary with axial growth of the eye. The CM is not simply stretched as the eye elongates in myopic young adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La–Ni–S2O82–/ZrO2–Al2O3 catalysts were successfully prepared by two different methods of sulfate impregnation, and the physico-chemical properties of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, pyridine adsorption–infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Catalytic activities were evaluated in a fixed-bed flow reactor using n -pentane isomerization as the probe reaction. Compared with catalyst La–Ni–S2O82–/ZrO2–Al2O3-I, prepared by the traditional impregnation method, the catalyst La–Ni–S2O82–/ZrO2–Al2O3-W, prepared by the incipient-wetness impregnation method, possessed higher pore volume, pore size, sulfur content, and stronger Brønsted acid sites. The catalytic activity for La–Ni–S2O82–/ZrO2–Al2O3-W was maintained at around 56% within 3000 min with an isopentane selectivity of 88% which showed much greater stability than that of La–Ni–S2O82–/ZrO2–Al2O3-I. This can be attributed to the fact that (1) the large pore size and pore volume of La–Ni–S2O82–/ZrO2–Al2O3-W can largely suppress carbon deposition and (2) the more numerous and stronger Brønsted acid sites for La–Ni–S2O82–/ZrO2–Al2O3-W guaranteed to provide enough acid sites for isomerization during the reaction process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyse the morphological characteristics of the ciliary muscle (CM) and to explore its relationship with different ocular biometric parameters in myopic young Chinese adults., Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study included 50 right eyes from 50 myopic adults. The CM area (CMA), CM thickness (CMT) and CM length (CML) were measured using the ArcScan Insight ® 100. CMT was determined at three points: 1.0 mm (CMT-1), 2.0 mm (CMT-2) and 3.0 mm (CMT-3) posterior to the scleral spur. CML was measured on the scleral (CMLs) and vitreous (CMLv) aspects. The spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were examined to determine their associations with CM parameters (CMA, CML and CMT)., Results: The mean SER and AL were -4.39 ± 2.29 D and 25.61 ± 1.15 mm, respectively. Compared with the nasal CMA, CML and CMT (CMT-1, CMT-2 and CMT-3) findings, the temporal CM parameters (CMA, CMLs, CMLv, CMT-1, CMT-2 and CMT-3) were found to be significantly thicker (all p < 0.001, except CMLv and CMT-1; p < 0.01). The nasal CMA was associated with the average corneal curvature (r = 0.30, p = 0.03) and SER (r = -0.30, p = 0.04). Nasal and temporal CMT-2 were negatively correlated with SER (r = -0.33 and -0.32, respectively, both p < 0.05). There was no correlation between CM parameters (except nasal CMLs, r = 0.31, p = 0.03) and SFCT, or between CM parameters and either the AL or anterior chamber depth (all p > 0.05)., Conclusion: These results suggest that there is temporal versus nasal asymmetry of the CM. CMA, CMT or CML did not vary with axial growth of the eye. The CM is not simply stretched as the eye elongates in myopic young adults., (© 2022 The Authors Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics © 2022 The College of Optometrists.)