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OBJECTIVES:To investigate the efficacy and safety of ixekizumab for up to 52 weeks in two phase 3 studies of patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) who were biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD)-naive (COAST-V) or tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi)-experienced (COAST-W). METHODS:Adults with active r-axSpA were randomised 1:1:1:1 (n=341) to 80 mg ixekizumab every 2 (IXE Q2W) or 4 weeks (IXE Q4W), placebo (PBO) or 40 mg adalimumab Q2W (ADA) in COAST-V and 1:1:1 (n=316) to IXE Q2W, IXE Q4W or PBO in COAST-W. At week 16, patients receiving ixekizumab continued their assigned treatment; patients receiving PBO or ADA were rerandomised 1:1 to IXE Q2W or IXE Q4W (PBO/IXE, ADA/IXE) through week 52. RESULTS:In COAST-V, Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society 40 (ASAS40) responses rates (intent-to-treat population, non-responder imputation) at weeks 16 and 52 were 48% and 53% (IXE Q4W); 52% and 51% (IXE Q2W); 36% and 51% (ADA/IXE); 19% and 47% (PBO/IXE). Corresponding ASAS40 response rates in COAST-W were 25% and 34% (IXE Q4W); 31% and 31% (IXE Q2W); 14% and 39% (PBO/IXE). Both ixekizumab regimens sustained improvements in disease activity, physical function, objective markers of inflammation, QoL, health status and overall function up to 52 weeks. Safety through 52 weeks of ixekizumab was consistent with safety through 16 weeks. CONCLUSION:The significant efficacy demonstrated with ixekizumab at week 16 was sustained for up to 52 weeks in bDMARD-naive and TNFi-experienced patients. bDMARD-naive patients initially treated with ADA demonstrated further numerical improvements after switching to ixekizumab. Safety findings were consistent with the known safety profile of ixekizumab. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER:NCT02696785/NCT02696798.

Phosphors with multifunctional applications have attracted extensive research, especially in thermometer and anti‐counterfeiting fields. Herein, a series of Pr3+‐doped YNbO4 (YNO) phosphors with adjustable photoluminescence and red persistent luminescence (PersL) performances are developed. YNO host exhibits the blue self‐activated luminescence, and the different Pr3+ emission peaks possess various thermal stability properties due to the thermal quenching channel generated by the intervalence charge transfer state between Pr3+ and Nb5+ ions. Two kinds of fluorescence intensity ratio models with high absolute and relative sensitivities are realized to measure the temperature under dual‐wavelength excitation. Moreover, YNO:Pr3+ exhibits the red PersL with a duration of about 120 s upon ceasing the UV excitation light source. The fabricated YNO:Pr3+‐polydimethylsiloxane films display different luminescence patterns with the passage of time after turning off UV light, which can cleverly achieve dynamic conversion. These results demonstrate that YNO:Pr3+ phosphor has potential applications in dual‐wavelength excited thermometry and dynamic anti‐counterfeiting fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient Cr3+-activated broadband near-infrared (NIR) phosphor is the key enabler to integrate compact NIR light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs) for food testing and medical detection applications. High luminescence efficiency is key for the practical applications of phosphors. Herein, we design a series of efficient Cr3+-doped Ca3Al2−yScyGe3O12 garnet phosphors to induce octahedral distortion for enhancing NIR luminescence efficiency. We adopt the best fitted ideal polyhedron to characterize the octahedral distortion and found that the degree of distortion reaches its maximum at y = 0.2 and decreases with y deviating from 0.2. As a result, the composition with y = 0.2 shows the highest luminescence intensity. The composition dependence of the octahedral distortion coincides with that of the luminescence intensity, indicating that the luminescence properties of Ca3Al2−yScyGe3O12:Cr3+ are closely related to the octahedral distortion. The luminescence internal/external quantum efficiency (IQE/EQE) is significantly enhanced from 65.4%/25.7% in Ca3Al2Ge3O12:0.04Cr3+ to 85.4%/33.5% in Ca3Al1.8Sc0.2Ge3O12:0.04Cr3+. The optimal Ca3Al1.8Sc0.2Ge3O12:0.04Cr3+ phosphor exhibits excellent luminescence thermal stability (∼91% at 423 K) and high NIR output power (38.2 mW at 100 mA) with an electro-optical conversion efficiency of 13.7%. This work provides a strategy for enhancing the NIR luminescence of Cr3+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]