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The Sc-Zn system has been critically reviewed and assessed by means of CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) approach. By means of first-principles calculation, the enthalpies of formation at 0 K for the ScZn, ScZn2, Sc17Zn58, Sc3Zn17 and ScZn12 have been computed with the desire to assist thermodynamic modeling. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters for the Sc-Zn system is then obtained. The calculated phase diagram and thermodynamic properties agree well with the experimental data and first-principles calculations, respectively.

Background and Aims: Terpenes are major varietal aroma compounds significantly contributing to wine quality and style. Autochthonous microbial starters can promote the formation and release of the terpenes and thus highlight the terroir typicality of wines. This study compared the physicochemical parameters, changes in the terpene concentration, β‐D‐glucosidase activity and sensory attributes of Chardonnay wines fermented individually by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae autochthonous MQ3 strain isolated from spontaneous fermented grape must and by three commercial S. cerevisiae strains. Methods and Results: The evolution of terpenes during alcoholic fermentation was followed with ultrasound‐assisted liquid–liquid extraction combined with GC. The physicochemical parameters of wine fermented by the MQ3 strain were significantly different from those of the wines fermented by other yeasts. The pattern of the terpenes detected, including linalool, α‐terpineol, farnesol, geraniol, nerol and citronellol, varied during alcoholic fermentation. The MQ3 strain induced greater accumulation of terpenes with increased concentration of α‐terpineol, geraniol and (E,E)‐farnesol. Besides, the MQ3 strain exhibited an enhanced ability to produce β‐D‐glucosidase compared to that of the other three strains. With the exception of α‐terpineol and (E,E)‐farnesol, there was no significant correlation between the concentration of the other terpenoids and β‐D‐glucosidase activity as shown by Pearson's correlation analysis. Wine produced with the MQ3 strain was characterised by a distinctive complex flavour with enhanced floral and fruity aromas. Conclusions: The autochthonous MQ3 strain had a positive effect on the varietal aroma and sensory quality of the wines. Significance of the Study: Due to its aroma enhancing ability, the MQ3 strain could be applied to produce quality Chardonnay wine with terroir typicality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adsorption refrigeration has attracted considerable efforts over the past few decades. Adsorption refrigeration is considered as green refrigeration technology, which is driven by low grade heat source. Intensified efforts were promoted to improve the adsorption chiller performance in recent years. Two stages with different adsorbents adsorption chiller working principle and test were proposed in this paper. The novel adsorption chiller contains 4 pieces adsorbers and evaporator and condenser. Zeolite and actived carbon were applied for adsorbents in the two-stage cycle and two adsorbers were packed with zeolite and other adsorbers with actived carbon. The two-stage cycle can be operated effectively with 50°C, even with 45°C. Coefficient of performance (COP) and volumetric cooling power (VCP) of two-stage adsorption chiller with different operation conditions were investigated in this paper. The results showed that VCP increases firstly and then decreases with increasing the elapsed time and the maximum of VCP with driving heat source temperature of 50°C and cooling water temperature of 30°C and chilled water temperature of 15°C was about 0.2 kW/L. The COP with driving heat source temperature of 45°C was much higher than that of 50°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sc-Zn system has been critically reviewed and assessed by means of CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) approach. By means of first-principles calculation, the enthalpies of formation at 0 K for the ScZn, ScZn2, Sc17Zn58, Sc3Zn17 and ScZn12 have been computed with the desire to assist thermodynamic modeling. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters for the Sc-Zn system is then obtained. The calculated phase diagram and thermodynamic properties agree well with the experimental data and first-principles calculations, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]