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Ming Zhong,1– 3 Yi-Ru Yang,4 Yong-Ze Zhang,1– 3 Sun-Jie Yan1– 3 1Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 2Fujian Diabetes Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 3Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Sun-Jie YanDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 20 Tea Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-0591-87983333Fax +86-0591-87981685Email fjyansunjie@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to assess association between change in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and the risk of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was performed, which included 185 individuals with type 2 diabetes. At baseline, and at two-year follow-up, we collected basic data, recorded symptoms and signs of DPN, measured biochemical indicators, composite motor nerve conduction velocity (composite MCV), and composite sensory nerve conduction velocity (composite SCV).Results: Changes of composite SCV, MCV and TCSS among different changes in UACR in patients without DPN and with DPN were not significantly different. An increase in UACR ≥ 30% (OR 3.059, 95%; CI: 1.012– 9.249) suggested a risk for new-onset DPN. Based on ROC curve analysis, the areas under the curve were 0.654 ± 0.066 for change of UACR levels in non-DPN patients.Conclusion: Change in UACR and NCV was not related in patients wit