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Objective To explore the efficacy of a novel and simple manual bone cone drilling hematoma drainage for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods From January 2021 to December 2022, 103 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage at The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University were included. They were treated with traditional bone cone drilling hematoma drainage (traditional group, n = 51) and novel-type bone cone drilling hematoma drainage (novel-type group, n = 52). Based on pre- and post-surgery head CT results, the hematoma clearance rate and accuracy of catheter placement were calculated. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the severity of neurological deficits, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the neurological functional prognosis. Results The hematoma clearance rate in the novel-type group [(45.54 ± 24.23)% vs. (35.08 ± 6.49)%; t = 3.008, P = 0.004] and the accuracy of catheter placement [90.38% (47/52) vs. 68.63% (35/51); χ2 = 7.509, P = 0.006] were significantly higher than those of the traditional group. The novel-type group and the traditional group showed statistically significant differences in hematoma volume (F = 9.157, P = 0.003) and mRS score (F = 4.412, P = 0.038). The postoperative hematoma volume (t = - 4.625, P = 0.000) and mRS score (t = - 2.712, P = 0.008) of the novel-type group were lower than those of the traditional group. Statistically significant differences were observed in hematoma volume (F = 280.635, P = 0.000), NIHSS score (F = 443.320, P = 0.000) and mRS score (F = 552.781, P = 0.000) before and after surgery in the 2 groups; the hematoma volume (t = 10.233, P = 0.000; t = 19.906, P = 0.000), NIHSS score (t = 14.576, P = 0.000; t = 15.286, P = 0.000) and mRS score (t = 20.201, P = 0.000; t = 13.511, P = 0.000) after operation were lower than those before operation in the 2 groups. Conclusions The novel and simple manual bone cone drilling hematoma drainage is a safe and effective treatment for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

C16H16ClNO, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.2566 Å, b = 9.2270(7) Å, c = 17.2231(14) Å, β = 103.745(8)°, V = 1428.9(2) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0655, wR ref(F 2) = 0.2113, T = 293 K.

The aim of this study was to observe the remission of primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) and evaluate the efficacy of tacrolimus (TAC) monotherapy for PMN in comparison with TAC combined with a low-dose glucocorticoid (GC) protocol (TAC + GC).

ObjectiveBased on machine learning method, four types of early postoperative frailty risk prediction model of enterostomy patients were constructed to compare the performance of each model and provide the basis for preventing early postoperative frailty of elderly patients with enterostomy.MethodsThe prospective convenience sampling method was conducted and 362 early postoperative enterostomy patients were selected in three hospitals from July 2020 to November 2023 in Shanghai, four different prediction models of Support Vector Machine (SVM), Bayes, XG Boost, and Logistic regression were used and compared the test effects of the four models (MCC, F1, AUC, and Brier index) to judge the classification performance of the four models in the data of this study.ResultsA total of 21 variables were included in this study, and the predictors mainly covered demographic information, stoma-related information, quality of life, anxiety and depression, and frailty. The validated models on the test set are XGBoost, Logistic regression, SVM prediction model, and Bayes on the MCC and F1 scores; on the AUC, XGBoost, Logistic regression, Bayes, and SVM prediction model; on the Brier scores, Bayes, Logistic regression, and XGBoost.ConclusionXGBoost based on machine learning method is better than SVM prediction model, Logistic regression model and Bayes in sensitivity and accuracy. Quality of life in the early postoperative period can help guide clinical patients to identify patients at high risk of frailty and reduce the incidence of early postoperative frailty in elderly patients with enterostomy.

The effects of different planting densities on the particle size distribution and pasting properties of starch granules in maize grains along the Huaihe River were analyzed. Taking 13 maize hybrids such as Yudan 132 and Jingke 968 as materials, three planting densities of 56 250 plants/hm2, 67 500 plants/hm2 and 77 250 plants/hm2 were set up. The effects of different planting densities on grain quality, starch particle size distribution and gelatinization characteristics of maize in the region along the Huaihe River were analyzed. The results indicated that the protein and fat content of maize grain decreased with the increase of planting density in the range of 56 250 ~ 77 250 plants/hm2. The starch content showed an increasing trend, which means, the starch/protein ratio increased. The volume and surface area percentage of large starch granules in maize grains increased significantly, while the small starch granules decreased significantly. At the same time, it was found that the peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity and breakdown value of corn starch increased significantly after rising planting density. Relevant analysis showed that the viscosity parameters such as peak viscosity of corn kernels were positively correlated with the volume percentage of small and large starch granules. There was a significant or extremely significant negative correlation with the volume percentage of medium starch granules. It shows that planting density affects the starch particle size distribution starch viscosity parameters and chemical components of corn kernels.

C9H7ClN2OS, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.3507(3) Å, b = 12.3768(4) Å, c = 10.2340(4) Å, β = 96.857(4)°, V = 1050.17(7) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt (F) = 0.0673, wRref (F 2) = 0.2013, T = 296(2) K.

Narcolepsy is a rare sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, sleep hallucination and sleep paralysis, and the vast majority of patients are accompanied by anxiety. There are neuronal interconnections and projections between the neural circuits of narcolepsy and anxiety, which may share common pathophysiology mechanisms, and some medications used clinically to treat cataplexy in narcolepsy may also improve anxiety. In this study, we propose to review the epidemiologic research, pathogenesis and therapeutic advances in narcolepsy with anxiety, with the aim of increasing the diagnosis and treatment of narcolepsy with anxiety and improving the prognosis of narcolepsy with anxiety patients.

As the development of oil and gas enters a high water cut stage, the formation water environment with high Ca2+ and Cl- poses higher requirements for the safe service of pipe columns. In this work, the influence of Ca2+ concentration and exposure time on the corrosion behavior of 3Cr steel was analyzed by using high temperature autoclave to simulate the downhole flow environment and combining with the electrochemical research results. Research results showed that although the presence of Ca2+ could promote solution acidification, the corrosion rate of 3Cr steel in solutions containing Ca2+ depended more on the quality of the film on the sample surface. When the total Cl- concentration in the solution was 128 000 mg/L and the Ca2+ concentration ranged from 0 to 3 600 mg/L, the maximum average weight loss rate of 2.2 mm/a occurred at the Ca2+ concentration of 1 080 mg/L. Meanwhile, in an environment with a Ca2+ concentration of 180 mg/L, the weight loss rate curve of 3Cr steel showed an inverse “V” trend of weight loss rate over time, and the average weight loss rate of the sample reached the maximum value at the corrosion time of 240 h. When 3Cr steel was immersed in a solution containing Ca2+ with introducing CO2, the FexCa1-xCO3 compounds were formed on the surface of 3Cr steel. In addition, there was no strict ratio between Fe/Ca, and the product states depended on the Ca2+ concentration in the solution.

Leisure hotels, as the core and important carrier of tourism development, are facing a broad development opportunity with the intervention of artificial intelligence. This paper designs a speech recognition system using HMM algorithms, enabling tourists to interact with the intelligent leisure hotel through voice commands. The system collects human voices via a microphone or sound card. When the system receives a specific voice, it generates a corresponding message to make a judgment about effective commands. Based on this, a smart voice assistant has been built to allow visitors to enjoy an intelligent home in the guest room and quickly access relevant information. When evaluating the system in terms of experiential value and commercial value, only the item “economic gain” has a low score of 36, whereas the other four indicators are all above 40. To analyze tourists’ perceived value and satisfaction with the smart service, a questionnaire method was employed, and the intrinsic relationship between the two was verified. The results show a significant positive correlation between satisfaction and all dimensions of perceived value. Accordingly, this paper presents relevant strategies for implementing artificial intelligence technology in leisure hotels, as well as strategies to support the sustainable development of the tourism industry.

In the context of the high-quality economic development imperative, it is both necessary and urgent to expedite and deepen the integration and interconnection between cultural heritage and the tourism industry. This study constructs an evaluation index system for the integration and development of cultural heritage and tourism by reviewing pertinent literature and computing index weight values utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Furthermore, this paper introduces a model that assesses the coupling degree and coordination between these sectors by integrating the index system and analyzing the decoupled levels of coupling coordination. Additionally, a system dynamics model is developed to facilitate innovative enhancement of this integrated development. Empirical results indicate that the integration and development level of cultural heritage and tourism in Longji Town is on an upward trajectory. However, it remains at a nascent stage of coordination with a score of 0.6983. Innovation-driven initiatives have spurred growth across all dimensions within the cultural heritage and tourism subsystems in Longji Town. By 2024, the integration level between these two sectors is projected to reach 0.937, signifying a state of high-quality, coordinated development. This research provides empirical support for the innovative advancement of integrated development between cultural heritage and tourism industries. It offers valuable insights for refining and upgrading the strategy for integrated development.

How to explore the effective English teaching mode in the Internet era and change the passive learning state of students while promoting the development of students’ English proficiency is an urgent problem to be solved. The application of the POA teaching concept in English teaching reform in the context of the internet. By combining the LDA topic model with the LSTM neural network model, students’ emotional tendencies are fully analyzed during the online evaluation of English smart classrooms. Application practice was carried out through students’ English performance, learning interests, and attitudes before and after the teaching experiment, and sentiment analysis was also carried out for the satisfaction evaluation of English smart classrooms. The results showed that the English grades of the students in the experimental class utilizing the English smart classroom teaching mode increased by 4.95 points compared to the grades of the students in the control class, the overall negative attitude of the students towards English learning decreased by 28.77% after the experiment, and the affective values of the students towards the English smart classroom teaching mode of the teaching mode ranged between [0.6,0.8]. Utilizing POA theory to carry out English smart classroom teaching can enhance students’ interest in English learning, improve the quality of English teaching, and provide certain references for English teaching reform.

BACKGROUND The contents of many heavy metals in soil in many areas of southwest China are much higher than the national soil background value, and related studies show that most heavy metals in soil are in a state of “high background and low activity”, which is closely related to the special geological process in the area. Most scholars have concentrated more on the weathering process and post-weathering heavy metals of granite, basalt, carbonate rocks and other geological bodies with high background value of heavy metals in southwest China. However, alkali-enriched porphyry also has the characteristics of high background value of heavy metals, and the geochemical behavior characteristics of heavy metals in the weathering process of alkali-enriched porphyry are less studied. The ecological and environmental effects of heavy metal element migration and transformation during weathering are still unclear. There is a large-scale alkali-enriched porphyry belt located in southwest China. Most of the alkali-enriched porphyry areas have precious metals such as gold and silver, and polymetallic deposits such as copper, lead and zinc. Therefore, soil in alkali-enriched porphyry areas usually has the characteristic of high background value of heavy metals. OBJECTIVES For identifying geochemical characteristics of heavy metal elements and a series of ecological and environmental problems during the soil-forming process of alkali-enriched porphyry, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in alkali-enriched porphyry areas and rational planning of agricultural planting. METHODS For sufficient hydrothermal conditions and strong soil-forming in Yunnan Province, a rock weathering profile of Yao’an alkali-enriched porphyry in central Yunnan Province was selected as the research object. The contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, Al2O3, TFe2O3, CaO, Na2O, K2O, MgO, SiO2, organic carbon and pH in rock/soil samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry/optimal emission spectrometry (ICP-MS/OES), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and volumetric method. Multivariate statistics method and mass migration coefficient were used to study the distribution characteristics, migration and enrichment rules of heavy metal elements in the weathering profile, as well as the factors affecting the migration and enrichment of heavy metals. RESULTS Based on the analysis of the content and distribution characteristics of eight heavy metals in the weathering profile of Yao’an alkali-enriched porphyry, the migration and enrichment mechanism of heavy metals during the weathering process was identified, and the environmental risk assessment of the surface soil in the area was carried out. (1) In the weathering profile, all the weathering strata have the same source as the bedrock material, and there is no exogenous addition. Different degrees of desiliconization and aluminum-iron enrichment occur in the whole weathering process, especially in the surface layer. In the bottom-up evolution process, all of the heavy metal elements except Cd show an overall trend of increasing content. As, Cr, Cu, Hg and Ni are enriched to different degrees during weathering, while Cd, Pb and Zn are leaching out. The order of heavy metal migration capacity from strong to weak is Cd>Zn>Pb>Hg>Cu>As>Ni>Cr. As, Cr, Cu, and Hg have similar geochemical behavior, as do Cd, Pb, and Zn. (2) Cd, Pb and Zn occur mainly in feldspar minerals and lead-zinc metallic minerals and exhibit the characteristics of migration and leaching under acidic and strong leaching conditions. Although the bedrock is obviously deficient in Cu, Cr, Ni and Hg, it is eventually enrichedin-situ in clay minerals and Al and Fe oxides/hydroxides with weathering due to its own chemical properties and the effect of desilication to enrich aluminum and iron. The enrichment of As is mainly controlled by aluminum-Fe enrichment, and the strong aluminum-Fe enrichment in the study area results in the in-situ secondary enrichment of As. (3) The soil ecological environment in the study area may be polluted by As and Pb due to the high content of Pb in the bedrock and the effect of aluminum-iron enrichment. CONCLUSIONS The risk of As and Pb pollution may exist in the soil ecological environment of the study area, and a large amount of Pb leaching may migrate into the Dragonling River with surface runoff. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of heavy metals such as As and Pb in the overlying soil of alkali-enriched porphyry and heavy metals such as Pb and Zn in the rivers around alkali-enriched porphyry so as to ensure ecological safety.

Artificial intelligence technology has shown incomparable advantages in solving traditional agricultural problems. At present, the determination of moisture content and grade of high moisture corn in grain purchase is still mainly based on artificial sensory detection. There are many problems such as heavy workload, low efficiency, poor repeatability, and strong subjectivity, which will cause the loss of grain quantity and quality, and this problems even affect the benefits of enterprises and farmers. Aiming at the technical difficulties in rapid detection of high moisture maize, this study obtains enlightenment from the experience of front line personnel in visual measurement of moisture. Based on mining the rich information in corn kernel images, a new bionic image rapid nondestructive measurement method using the mutual information entropy as the coupling degree evaluation index, were studied then a intelligent purchase grading system of high moisture corn were developed and tested. The test results show that on the basis of realization of the bionic intelligent algorithm of ‘watching moisture by machine’, the purchase of high moisture corn is a technical path worth exploring.

Research on process parameter optimization and process intelligent control is an important element in the design and development of grain drying equipment. Existing methods mostly use simulation, device experiments or field experiments to obtain data, which have large differences with the actual drying results or the experimental process is time-consuming and vulnerable to interference. In this study, with reference to the process and structure of large continuous grain drying production equipment, a continuous grain drying simulation experimental system was developed and designed, including grain feeding equipment, dryer main body, grain discharge equipment, waste heat recovery, condensing device, hot air equipment and measurement and control system, which can simulate the grain drying operation process. This system can also optimize the drying process parameters, and carry out indoor grain drying quality change law, energy consumption law and production efficiency. The system can be used as the first-line staff post. The system could be used as the pre-service training for the workers on the production line, the experimental teaching of related majors in universities and colleges and the experimental research system of scientific research institutions.

In recent years, sexual assault cases have been on the rise, seriously infringing the legitimate rights and interests of women and children, causing widespread concern in society. DNA evidence has become the key evidence to prove the facts in sexual assault cases, but lack of DNA evidence or only DNA evidence in some sexual assault cases leads to unclear facts and insufficient evidence. With the emergence of high-throughput sequencing technology and the development of bioinformatics and artificial intelligence, new progress has been made in the study of human microbiome. Researchers have begun to use human microbiome for difficult sexual assault cases indentification. This paper reviews the characteristics of human microbiome, and its application value in the inferences of the body fluid stain origin, the sexual assault method, the crime time, etc. In addition, the challenges faced by the application of the human microbiome in practical case handling, the solutions and future development potential are analyzed and prospected.

Chun-Hai Gao,1 Yan-An Zhang,2,3 Mao-Shui Wang3– 5 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 3Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yan-An Zhang, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, 46# Lishan Road, Jinan, 250103, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangtbgroup@163.com Mao-Shui Wang, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, 46# Lishan Road, Jinan, 250013, People’s Republic of China, Email wangmaoshui@gmail.comObjective: To evaluate the performance of interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) in patients with Mycobacterium kansasii infection.Methods: Consecutive patients between May 2012 and June 2021 who had positive for mycobacterial cultures and who underwent IGRAs (T-SPOT.TB or QuantiFERON-TB Gold [QFT-G]) were included in the analysis. The IGRA positivity rates among patients with M. kansasii isolates were then calculated. If M. kansasii was identified in at least two sputum samples or in sterile samples, M. kansasii disease was then diagnosed. Otherwise, colonisation was considered.Results: During the study period, 54 patients with M. kansasii infection underwent T-SPOT.TB (n=48) or QFT-G (n=6) assays. The mean age was 44.1± 13.4 years, 85.2% (46/54) were male. Eight patients were diagnosed with M. kansasii disease and another 46 patients were considered to have colonisation. Twenty-four patients (T-SPOT.TB, n=23; QFT-G, n=1) were positive for IGRAs, for an overall rate of 44.4% (24/54; T-SPOT.TB, 47.9% [23/48]; QFT-G, 16.7% [1/6]) for IGRAs, 25.0% (2/8) for M. kansasii disease, and 47.8% (22/46) for colonisation.Conclusion: Positive IGRA rates were relatively low in patients with M. kansasii infection. More efforts are required to improve the performance of IGRAs in diagnosing M. kansasii infection.Keywords: interferon-gamma release assay, tuberculosis, M. kansasii, diagnosis, infection

Aimed at the problems of track deviation and lack of reference for debugging during the movement of carbon-free trolleys, the RSSR mechanism is selected as the steering device, and the mathematical model of obstacle avoidance motion of the trolley is established based on the motion characteristics of the spatial four-bar linkage. The influence of the parameters of the spatial four-bar linkage on the trajectory of the trolley is analyzed from the kinematics point of view, the influence of the parameters of the four-bar linkage on its motion process is further explored from the dynamics point of view, and the general law of the trolley motion of the RSSR mechanism is obtained. Finally, the actual debugging of the trolley shows that the trolley can run smoothly and successfully avoiding 30 obstacles. The mathematical model established and movement law of the car obtained from the research of the RSSR mechanism are of great engineering guiding significance for the actual debugging of carbon-free trolleys.

Objective: A high-throughput detection method for Cu2+ was developed with a well designed water-soluble fluorescent probe（HWEHH） and the microplate reader. Methods: The specificity of the fluorescent probe for Cu2+ determination was studied with the selectivity experiment. The linear range and detection limit of the probe for Cu2+ determination was detected with titration experiment, and the accuracy of the probe for the detection of Cu2+ in water was studied with sample spiked recovery method. Results: The fluorescent probe was able to specifically detect Cu2+. When the concentration of peptide probe was 2 μmol/L, the linear range of Cu2+ detection was 0~1.5 μmol/L. The linear equation was Y=-1 135.085 7X+2 048.187 6, and the detection limit was 0.036 μmol/L. The binding constant of HWEHH-Cu2+ complex was 1.3×106 mol/L. The linear range of high-throughput detection method was 0~1.5 μmol/L, and the recovery rate was 93.6%~101.9%. Conclusion: HWEHH peptide fluorescent probe can be used for high-throughput detection of Cu2+ in aqueous solution.

Obiective: In the study, corn bran powder was used as raw material, and the cell wall was destroyed by ultrasonic vibration and enzymatic hydrolysis, so that corn bran polysaccharide could be dissolved more fully. Methods: The extracted amount of polysaccharide was taken as the index, response surface test optimization was carried out on the basis of single factor test. And the antioxidant activity of corn bran polysaccharide was determined. Results: The optimal extraction process of corn bran polysaccharide was obtained as follows: mass ratio of cellulase to pectinase 2∶1, enzyme dosage was 2% of the quality of corn bran powder, enzymatic hydrolysis time 50 min, ultrasonic treatment 15 min, and solid-liquid ratio （mcorn bran powder∶Vdistilled water） 1∶15 （g/mL）. At this time, the average amount of extracted corn bran polysaccharide was 23.36 μg/g. The extracted corn bran polysaccharide had a certain total reducing capacity, scavenging DPPH free radical and hydroxyl radical ability, and it increased with the increase of mass concentration, when the mass concentration of corn bran polysaccharide sample was 0.2~1.0 mg/mL. Conclusion: Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic method could extract more polysaccharides than single enzymatic method, and the extract could maintain efficient antioxidant capacity.

C13H14FeN4O10, orthorhombic, Pcca (no. 54), a = 13.2154(4) Å, b = 16.9075(6) Å, c = 13.9347(5) Å, V = 3113.56(18) Å3, Z = 8, R gt(F) = 0.0362, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0971, T = 293(2) K.

C14H18MnN12O12, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.333(7) Å, b = 19.038(13) Å, c = 7.042(5) Å, β = 111.989(10)°, V = 1160.2(14) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt (F) = 0.0301, wRref (F 2) = 0.0809, T = 293(2) K.

The microstructure and oxidation behaviour of the pure AlON ceramics and 8 wt.% SiC-AlON composite were investigated at 700-1500°C. With increasing oxidation temperature, the surface morphology of two ceramics showed a change from acicular to flaky-like and then to granular features. With the addition of nanosized SiC particles, the oxidation resistance of the ceramics was remarkably enhanced above 1100°C. This is attributed to the formation of a dense oxide layer composed of Al2O3, SiO2 and mullite, which could cover the whole matrix and suppress further penetration of oxygen. Due to the dense oxide layer, the oxidation kinetics of the 8 wt.% SiC-AlON composites conformed to a parabolic law, while that of the pure AlON conformed to a linear law. After oxidation at 1500 °C for 40 h, the weight gain of the 8 wt.% SiC-AlON composites was 3.07mg/cm2, which was only 22.5% of that of the pure AlON.

Yu He,1 Jun-Li Wang,2 Yan-An Zhang,3,4 Mao-Shui Wang4– 6 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, People’s Republic of China; 4Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Lab Medicine, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yan-An Zhang, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, 46# Lishan Road, Jinan, 250013, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangtbgroup@163.com Mao-Shui Wang, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, 46# Lishan Road, Jinan, 250013, People’s Republic of China, Email wangmaoshui@gmail.comBackground: Currently, the prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) strains isolated from mycobacterial cultures has been well characterized. However, the data on the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with NTM disease remain unclear.Methods: Between January 2012 and August 2020, consecutive patients with positive mycobacterial cultures were included for analysis. The identification of Mycobacteria spp. was performed using the DNA array method or sequencing of 16S rDNA. NTM disease is diagnosed when the same infectious agent is identified in at least two sputum or is identified in sterile samples.Results: A total of 997 strains were isolated from 828 inpatients. Of them, 261 inpatients (31.5%) were diagnosed as NTM disease. The mean age of the 261 patients was 55.7 ± 15.5 years old and 64.0% (n = 167) of them were male. The prevalence of culture-confirmed TB patients among patients with NTM disease was estimated as 8.0% (21/261).Conclusion: TB is common in NTM disease and caution should be taken when initiating the treatment of NTM disease.Keywords: prevalence, tuberculosis, culture, nontuberculous mycobacteria, diagnosis

Dermatomyositis (DM) is characterized by skin lesions, skeletal muscle inflammation, and involvement of other organs. The pathogenesis of DM includes susceptibility genes, environmental stressors, immune and non⁃immune inducing mechanisms. DM usually presents as subacute progressive proximal muscle weakness, skin rash, or both. Other common extramuscular findings include various heart abnormalities, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and malignant tumors. The auxiliary examination of DM includes the examination of myositis autoantibodies, myoenzymes and electromyography (EMG). Skin treatments for DM include photosensitivity inhibition drugs and antimalarial drugs. If the DM is associated with muscle involvement, systemic corticosteroids is the first line of treatment, and immunosuppressants are used for refractory diseases or as corticosteroids sparing agents in the event of side effects. Other treatments include oral calcineurin inhibitors, cyclophosphamide, biologic agents and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor.

High repetition frequency (HRF) ultrashort pulse fiber laser has been widely used in laser cold processing. The technical solutions such as short cavity length fiber laser have been proposed to achieve HRF ultrashort pulse output recently. However, the application of material-based saturable absorbers in this field has been astricted due to the low modulation depth, low damage resistance threshold, and high saturation fluence. Here, we designed a one-dimensional asymmetric photonic crystal with defect layer (1D-APCDL) as a novel saturable absorber, where the defect layer is Bi1.6Sb0.4Te3 with high modulation depth. The harmonic pulse with 3.82 GHz repetition frequency is achieved at the wavelength of 1562 nm, which is the highest repetition frequency of the topological insulator-based ring fiber laser so far to the best of our knowledge. The research provides a new saturable absorber solution, and provides a new idea for the application of material-based nonlinear optical chip in high-repetition frequency ultrashort pulse fiber lasers.

In order to improve the protective effect of the surface coating of mechanical parts, combining with the unique design concept of medium entropy alloy,(TiAlSi)N coatings were deposited on surface of 316 L stainless steel by plasma enhanced magnetron sputtering(PEMS). The chemical composition, crystal structure, micro-morphology and surface roughness of coatings were analyzed using X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS), X-ray diffractometer(XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM) and atomic force microscope(AFM). The bonding strength, hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings were tested with nano scratch/indentation instrument. EDS analysis results showed that(TiAlSi)N coating was a medium entropy ceramic coating.(TiAlSi)N coatings possessed an amorphous structure, a smooth and compact surface, and good mechanical properties. The bonding strength, hardness and elastic modulus were 25 N, 21 GPa and 225 GPa, respectively. These experimental results would provide a valuable data reference for further future research on this kind of coating systems.

An assay combined ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF MS/MS) with the multivariate statistical analysis methods including principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminate analysis was established for screening and identifying the characteristic markers of cocoa shell relative to cocoa powder, which could be used to quantitatively detect the content of cocoa shell in cocoa powder. The cocoa beans from Ecuador were selected as the research object, and the results showed that there was a great difference between cocoa powder and cocoa shell. One characteristic marker was identified as nigakilactone Ⅰ. There was a good linear relationship between the peak area of nigakilactone Ⅰ and the content of cocoa shell when the content of cocoa shell in cocoa powder was in the range of 1%-50%, the correlation coefficient was greater than 0.999 9. The detection limit and quantitative limit were 0.3% and 1%, respectively. In addition, this method was used for blind sample verification and commercial sample testing. The blind sample verification results showed that the detection content was basically consistent with the actual adulterated content, and the detection content of cocoa shell ranged from 2.51% to 9.03%. This method has high accuracy and high sensitivity, which can be used for identification of commercial cocoa powder adulteration.

As a classical data mining technique,clustering is widely used in fields as pattern recognition,machine learning,artificial intelligence,and so on.By effective clustering analysis,the underlying structures of datasets can be identified.As a commonly used partitional clustering algorithm,K-means is simple of implementation and efficient on classifying large scale datasets.However,due to the influence of the convergence rule,the traditional K-means is still suffering problems as sensitive to the initial clustering centers,cannot properly process non-convex distributed datasets and datasets with outliers.This paper proposes the DC-Kmeans (density parameter and center replacement K-means),an improved K-means algorithm based on the density parameter and center replacement.Due to the gradually selecting of initial clustering centers and continuously update imprecision old centers,the DC-Kmeans is more accurate than the traditional K-means.Two novel methods are also proposed for optimally clustering:1)a novel clustering validity index (CVI),SCVI (Sum of the inner-cluster compactness and the inter-cluster separateness based CVI),is proposed to evaluate the results of the DC-Kmeans;2)a new algorithm,OCNS (optimal clustering number determination based on SCVI),is designed to determine the optimal clustering numbers for different datasets.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed clustering method is effective for many kinds of datasets.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the appropriate cooking method of chestnut. Methods: Nine kinds of thermal treatment on the quality of chestnut were compared. The thermal treatment included chestnut fruit (roasting, cooking without water under normal-pressure, cooking within water under normal-pressure, cooking without water under high-pressure, cooking within water under high-pressure) and chestnut kernel (cooking without water under normal-pressure, cooking within water under normal-pressure, cooking without water under high-pressure, cooking within water under high-pressure). Results: The content of starch and polyphenols in chestnut were decreased by the nine kinds of thermal treatment, while the amylose content increased. Compared with the shelling method, the ripening method of chestnut with shell was a more effective processing to retain polyphenols. The content of soluble sugar in chestnut fruit by cooking without water under normal-pressure was the highest (125.187 μg/mg), and the sweetness value was the highest (121.53), with the highest SRC score of 71.97. The moisture content of roasted chestnut fruit was the lowest (36.69%), and the hardness was the highest (8.9 N), with the lowest texture score of 2.02. Conclusion: The chestnut fruit by cooking without water under normal-pressure can be used as a suitable processing method to be eaten.

C26H18BrN3O2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.5191(14) Å, b = 23.056(3) Å, c = 10.0556(15) Å, β = 95.470(3)°, V = 2196.9(6) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0640, wRref(F2) = 0.1645, T = 296(2) K.

C28H23N3O2, triclinic, P1‾ $P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 7.6590(7) Å, b = 11.8598(12) Å, c = 12.4954(14) Å, α = 92.027(9)°, β = 99.837(9)°, γ = 93.597(8)°, V = 1114.9(2) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0508, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1317, T = 293(2) K.

C18H16Cl4N2O3V, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 7.8555(3) Å, b = 21.6645(7) Å, c = 23.7584(8) Å, V = 4043.3(2) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0296, wRref(F2) = 0.0799, T = 296(2) K.

C22H16FN3O2, triclinic, P1‾$\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 8.7335(18) Å, b = 9.967(2) Å, c = 11.968(3) Å, α = 70.677(4)°, β = 86.259(4)°, γ = 65.759(4) Å, V = 893.4(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0543, wRref (F2) = 0.1677, T = 296(2) K.

C21H16I N3O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.7439(9) Å, b = 11.8391(8) Å, c = 13.4459(7) Å, β = 99.803(5)°, V = 1999.0(2) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0365, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0905, T = 293(2) K.

Isoprenoidal glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (iso-GDGTs) and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (br-GDGTs) have been widely used as biomarkers of archaea and bacteria for the investigation of paleoenvironment. The analysis of GDGTs was generally carried out by separation using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), followed by mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode with soft ionization techniques such as atmospheric chemical ionization (APCI). However, previous studies have shown that approximate mass selection for GDGT analysis using selected ion monitoring generates losses of relative GDGT signals of up to 36%, which will make it difficult to determine the paleoenvironmental parameters based on the distribution of GDGTs accurately. Furthermore, the traditional method is only limited to the targeted detection of reported GDGTs which have been used in paleoenvironmental parameters, could not carry out a comprehensive analysis of the samples, leading to the loss of potential GDGT homologues. Here, an approach was described for the characterization of GDGTs by high resolution mass spectrometry, which could perform nontargeted detection of GDGTs, and identify target ions with structural information through tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 14 GDGTs, including 6 isoGDGTs with 0 to 6 alicyclic rings and 8 br-GDGTs with different alkyl side chains, were assigned by accurate mass values from the mass spectra of surface sediments from the Pearl River Estuary. The analysis of tandem mass spectrometry showed that GDGTs have multiple fragmentation pathways, GDGT0, crenarchaeol and br-GDGT Ia all have at least 7 fragmentation pathways. The fragment ions were divided into oxygen containing fragment ions and hydrocarbon fragment ions, which correspond to the characteristic fragmentation pathways of its precursor ions and the alkyl chains, respectively. Fragment ions of hydrocarbon moities were used as the fingerprint, which were combined with oxygen containing fragment ions to describe the fragmentation behavior of precursor ions. The ultra high mass resolution provided by Orbitrap MS can meet the direct analysis of GDGTs, and it is a successful tool to study the molecular composition of GDGTs from complex matrices. In addition, the key advantage of APPI-P Orbitrap MS is the ability to detect species not part of classical targeted GDGTs. Unfortunately, the method is not coupled with liquid chromatography, and the isomers of GDGT cannot be detected. This requires future efforts. The results showed great potential for the use of APPI-P Orbitrap MS as both a rapid method for determining novel GDGTs and perhaps more significantly, as a tool for the rapid detection of putative homologues that may establish novel proxies between the paleoenvironmental variables and distribution of GDGTs.

BACKGROUND Compared with zircon U-Pb dating, monazite has more advantages in the dating of some metamorphic rocks or highly differentiated rocks. However, the U-Th-Pb isotopic dating of monazite has been limited, because of high Th concentration (commonly>7%), many mineral inclusions, and rare dating standard samples. Previous research on LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb dating of monazite mainly focused on laser parameters, and lacked attention on ICP-MS conditions. OBJECTIVES To find suitable experimental LA-ICP-MS monazite dating conditions. METHODS Using 193nm ArF excimer laser ablation system and Agilent 7500a inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer, laser parameters (laser beam spot diameter and laser frequency) and ICP-MS parameters(dwelling time of 232Th) were investigated. The laser beam spot diameter was set to 24μm, 16μm and 10μm, and the laser frequency was set to 3Hz, 4Hz and 5Hz. The dwelling time of 232Th was set to 10ms, 6ms, 3ms and 1ms for U-Th-Pb dating. Finally, the monazite sample RW-1 was used as the standard sample to calibrate the monazite sample Bananeira. RESULTS It was suitable for monazite dating when the beam spot diameter was 16μm, the dwelling time of 232Th was 3ms or 1ms, the energy density was 4J/cm2, the laser frequency was 5Hz, the carrier gas (He) flow rate was 0.35L/min, and the carrier gas (Ar) flow rate was 0.95L/min. Under these conditions, Bananeira's weighted average ages of 207Pb/235U were 510.7±8.6Ma (MSWD=0.87), and 513.8±5.7Ma (MSWD=0.38), which were consistent with the recommended age of 507.7±1.3Ma with respective errors of 0.59% and 1.20%. 208Pb/232Th weighted average ages were 496.9±8.6Ma (MSWD=0.596) and 499.8±5.6Ma (MSWD=0.37), which were consistent with the recommended age of 497.6±1.6Ma, with respective errors of 0.14% and 0.44%. The 207Pb/235U weighted average age of Huangshan sample HS-1 was 128.3±2.4Ma (MSWD=0.73), which were close to the zircon age of 127.0±2.1Ma (MSWD=0.93) in the Huangshan area. CONCLUSIONS The optimal laser and ICP-MS conditions are suitable for monazite U-Th-Pb isotopic age determination.

Stroke is the second major diseases leading to death, among which ischemic stroke is the most common. The key to the treatment of ischemic stroke replies on early diagnosis and treatment. With the development of technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has shown great application value in the early screening, lesion detection, ischemic penumbra evaluation, vascular occlusion judgment, treatment assistance and prognosis prediction of ischemic stroke, which is expected to further improve the diagnostic efficiency and therapeutic effect of ischemic stroke.