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We have observed robust chiral spin torques and non-reciprocal charge transport behaviors in the α-Fe2O3/Pt bilayers through a combination of magnetic field and current-dependent second longitudinal harmonic resistance measurements. The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction induced magnetic chirality has been predicted to account for the sign reversal characteristic of the second longitudinal harmonic resistance with increasing the current amplitude. A physical model that considers the chirality dependence of both the asymmetric scattering and the giant Rashba spin–orbit coupling has been set up to uncover the microscopic interactions between charge, spin, and magnetic chirality. Our comprehensive approach leverages the semiclassical Boltzmann theory to validate the consistency between this model and our experimental findings. Through our investigation, we have established the pivotal role of interfacial magnetic chirality in determining both charge and spin transport behaviors within antiferromagnetic insulator/heavy metal bilayer systems. Our work not only enhances the comprehension of spin–orbit torques and non-reciprocal charge transport but also contributes to the broader understanding of these phenomena. The outcomes of this study have broader implications for the advancement of spintronics and related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1. The Kaijiang duck is a native Chinese breed known for its excellent egg laying performance, killing-out percentage (88.57%), and disease resistance. The assessment of population genetic structure is the basis for understanding the genetics of indigenous breeds and for their protection and management.2. In this study, whole-genome sequencing was performed on 60 Kaijiang ducks to identify genetic variations and investigate the population structure. Homozygosity (ROH) analysis was conducted to assess inbreeding levels in the population.3. The study revealed a moderate level of inbreeding, indicated by an average inbreeding coefficient of 0.1043. This may impact the overall genetic diversity.4. Genomic Regions of Interest identified included 168 genomic regions exhibiting high levels of autozygosity. These regions were associated with processes including muscle growth, pigmentation, neuromodulation, and growth and reproduction.5. The significance of these pathways indicated their potential role in shaping the desirable traits of the Kaijiang duck. These findings provide insights into the genetic basis of the Kaijiang duck’s desirable traits and can inform future breeding and conservation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics predictors specialised for intracranial progression (IP) after first-line epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases (BMs). Seventy EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients with a total of 212 BMs who received first-line EGFR-TKI therapy were enrolled. Radiomics features were extracted from the BM regions on the pretreatment contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images, and the radiomics score (rad-score) of each BM was established based on the selected features. Furthermore, the mean rad-score derived from the average rad-score of all included BMs in each patient was calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential predictors of IP. Prediction models based on different predictors and their combinations were constructed, and nomogram based on the optimal prediction model was evaluated. Thirty-three (47.1 %) patients developed IP, and the remaining 37 (52.9 %) patients were IP-free. EGFR-19del mutation (OR 0.19, 95 % CI 0.05–0.69), third-generation TKI treatment (OR 0.33, 95 % CI 0.16–0.67) and mean rad-score (OR 5.71, 95 % CI 1.65–19.68) were found to be independent predictive factors. Models based on these three predictors alone and in combination (combined model) achieved AUCs of 0.64, 0.64, 0.74, and 0.86 and 0.64, 0.64, 0.75, and 0.84 in the training and validation sets, respectively, and the combined model demonstrated optimal performance for predicting IP. The model integrating EGFR-19del mutation, third-generation TKI treatment and mean rad-score had good predictive value for IP after EGFR-TKI treatment in NSCLC patients with BM. • Mean rad-score is a predictive factor for intracranial progression (IP) of BM. • Model integrating clinical predictors and mean rad-score can predict the IP of BMs. • Mean rad-score is an effective complement to clinical predictors for predicting IP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The automatic design of cap opening and closing of steel slag ball mill is the key to solve a series of problems caused by frequent cap opening and closing. In this paper, the automatic capping manipulator is designed for a steel slag ball mill in a factory, especially for the automatic tightening and loosening of the cap bolt, the grasping and transporting device of the cap, to ensure the safety and reliability of the design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the samples were treated with sodium carbonate and zinc oxide semi-melting method, and 732 cation exchange resin was used to separate a large number of cations from the solution after extraction with ethanol-boiling water, and the iodine in the sample solution was determined by Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with pre-added internal standard method. By tuning the parameters of apparatus and optimizing the semi-melting procedure, the melting effect of the sample was improved. The measuring medium and internal standard element were optimized to eliminate the memory effect, and the stability of the results was improved. A robust and comprehensive ICP-MS method for iodine determination was established. Method validation was using Chinese national level standard substances for soil and stream sediment, with a relative error (RE) of 0.13–1.03% and a relative standard deviation (RSD) (n = 12) of 1.83–2.80%. The limit of detection (LOD) of the method was 0.039 μg/g, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method was 0.13 μg/g. This study meets the requirements of sample analysis for geochemical survey and can be applied to the analysis and testing of large quantities of soil and sediment samples in geochemical survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The galvanic corrosion behavior of anodized 7B04 aluminum/TC16 titanium alloy joints in different corrosion time and its effect on fatigue life were studied, providing a basis for structural corrosion and protection of typical joints of aircraft. The results show that corrosion begins near the coupling parts in the early stages of corrosion. A high concentration of Cl– can damage the anodic oxide film on the surface of the 7B04 aluminum alloy, resulting cracking and pitting corrosion. The fatigue life of joints with corrosion was longest for 40 h, after which the fatigue life shortened rapidly. And sulfuric acid anodizing treatment of the 7B04 aluminum alloy plate was not conducive to the corrosion fatigue life of the specimen at the later stages of corrosion. The crack initiation of the specimen was located at the edge of the bolt hole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, a hybrid PV/T collector/evaporator was designed and manufactured. On this basis, a hybrid system named photovoltaic solar-assisted heat pump/gravity-assisted heat pipe system (PV-SAHP/GHP) was proposed. The proposed hybrid system can alternatively operate in GHP-PV/T mode and PV-SAHP mode. An experimental test platform was then constructed and a series of outdoor experiments were conducted to reveal and contrast the operating characteristics in different modes. Net yields and energy-saving factors were additionally employed to reveal the priority of different operating modes. The results indicated that the daily average energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the GHP-PV/T mode were 36.87% and 7.09%, while that of the PV-SAHP mode were 51.39% and −6.34%. The fitting results of the thermal efficiency and overall efficiency of the PV-SAHP mode were higher than that of the GHP-PV/T mode. The GHP-PV/T mode though achieved a satisfactory energy-saving effect, its water temperature cannot meet the demand; while the PV-SAHP mode though met the temperature demand, and its energy conservation effect was unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is recommended to operate the GHP-PV/T mode during intense radiation and operate the PV-SAHP mode otherwise to balance the thermal performance and energy-saving benefits of the hybrid system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A flexible octadentate C-shaped bis(salamo)-based ligand (H4L) with two different coordination environments, which can react with different metal salts to form heterotrinuclear zinc(II)-lanthanide(III) bis(salamo)-based complexes [Zn2La(L)(µ2-OAc)2(η2-NO3)]·2CH2Cl2 (1) and [Zn2Ce(L)(µ2-OAc)2(η2-NO3)] (2). The detailed analysis of Hirshfeld surfaces and fingerprints compares the intermolecular interactions, which are very important for the construction of different supramolecular structures. The molecules are connected by the combination of C–H···O hydrogen bonds to form an infinite 1D supramolecular chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, Zhao et al. [55] characterized the distributivity equations of null-uninorms with continuous and Archimedean underlying operators over overlap or grouping functions. Moreover, Liu et al. [34] studied the distributive laws of continuous t-norms over overlap functions. In this paper, we proceed with the distributivity characterization of idempotent null-uninorms over overlap or grouping functions. In order to do that, we introduce a class of weak overlap and grouping functions with weak coefficients, and obtain the full characterizations of overlap and grouping functions by considering the different values of underlying uninorms’ associated functions of idempotent null-uninorms on the interval endpoints and comparing them with the weak coefficients. Obviously, idempotent null-uninorms generalize idempotent uninorms. Thus, the obtained results also generalize the distributivity of idempotent uninorms proposed as future work in [34]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we have prepared an antiferromagnetic insulated α-Fe2O3 film with a large out-of-plane magnetic component and studied the spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) in α-Fe2O3/Pt bilayers. Both angular-dependent magnetoresistance and field-dependent magnetoresistance have featured a sign change characteristic with varying temperature, which is ascribed to the competition between a modulated interface magnetic state and an antiferromagnetic bulk state of the α-Fe2O3 film. According to a generalized theoretical model, which takes the effective spin conductance into consideration, the spin transport can be mathematically expressed as the change of field dependent average spin operators with varying temperature. The critical temperature also depends on the α-Fe2O3 film thickness and the magnetic field, which are ascribed to the magnons transport and long-range order of non-collinear spin textures, respectively. Furthermore, we have given a phenomenological form to fit the SMR curves in the critical temperature interval, which further reveals the origin of SMR with complex magnetic structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-mobility electron gases in SrTiO3-based heterostructures have been mainly synthesized on single TiO2 terminated SrTiO3 substrates. Here, we show a high-mobility electron gas observed in a Sr2TiO4/SrTiO3 heterostructure based on an untreated SrTiO3 substrate with mixed termination, showing the mobility value up to 28 000 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 2 K. SrO–SrO vertical Ruddlesden–Popper faults in the Sr2TiO4 film provide escape channels for oxygen atoms under high temperatures, enabling the as-grown tuning of oxygen vacancies in the SrTiO3 layer during film deposition and reversible after-growth modulation in a thermal annealing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grassland rodent infestations are important factors that limit the healthy development of grassland ecosystems. Understanding the spatial distributions of rodent populations in relation to vegetation and soil is a prerequisite for implementing ecological prevention and control measures to alleviate rodent infestations. A low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral image data acquisition system has been developed for monitoring grassland rodent infestations. The three-dimensional dense convolutional network (3D-DenseNet) model is improved by using a residual structure and asymmetric convolution, and a 3D deep dense residual network (3D-DDRNet) model is proposed and used to classify the features of grassland rodent monitoring information. The results show that the overall classification accuracy of the 3D-DDRNet model is 96.68%, and the model size is 6.12 MB. The overall accuracy is improved by 1.46%, and the model size is reduced by 15.5% compared with that achieved before the improvement. This study can be used as a benchmark for the extraction and inversion of rodent information acquired from grassland remote sensing images, and it provides a theoretical basis for grassland rodent pest control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In theoretical studies of the baryon baryon interaction, dibaryons states are obtained some times. A WASA-at-COSY experiment suggests that one such state might have been observed in the p n → d π 0 π 0 fusion reaction, although there are alternative explanations for this peak. We predicted prior to that experiment a possible Delta Delta bound state, that could play a role in that reaction. Also we found that the hidden-color (CC) channel plays an important role in the binding behavior of the Delta Delta system. In the present work, we will extend the theoretical investigation to another interesting dibaryon candidate Σ ∗ Δ with strangeness S = - 1 for further understanding the role of the hidden-color channel. The Σ ∗ Δ state with isospin T = 1 2 and spin S = 3 is dynamically investigated within the framework of chiral SU(3) quark model by solving a resonating group method (RGM) equation. The results show that the Σ ∗ Δ can become bound state with a binding energy of about 35 MeV and the corresponding root-mean-square (RMS) 0.89 fm in the single-channel ( Σ ∗ Δ ) calculation, and would become 52 MeV and 0.84 fm in the coupled-channel ( Σ ∗ Δ -CC) calculation, respectively. The hidden-color channel makes an increment of about 17 MeV to the binding energy and the RMS decreases from 0.89 fm to 0.84 fm , it clearly shows that Σ ∗ Δ is a Σ ∗ Δ -CC deeply bound and compact state, where the coupling to the CC channel plays a significant role. The present work is significant for our further understanding the effect of the hidden-color channel on some other interesting dibaryon candidates with strangeness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

novel technology for extracting vanadium from molten converter vanadium slag was studied at the laboratory scale by oxidation and calcification. The effect of the cooling method, CaO addition, and reaction time on the phases of calcified vanadium slag was studied. Under the action of oxygen and CaO, the molten vanadium slag underwent calcification reaction to form acid-soluble calcium vanadate phase and the feasibility of its main chemical reaction was calculated by Factsage8.1. The calcified vanadium slag was leached by H2SO4 solution and characterized by the XRF, XRD, SEM, and EDS techniques. Compared with the traditional process, the new process saved much energy, and it was faster and more efficient. The XRD results showed that CaV2O5, Ca7V4O17, and Ca3V2O8 were gradually formed in the molten vanadium slag with increasing CaO addition. However, when too much CaO was added, Ca2SiO4 and CaTiO3 were also formed. These phases wrapped part of the vanadium and reduced the leaching rate of vanadium. When the mass ratio of Ca to V was 0.75, under the optimal acid leaching conditions (particle size of calcified vanadium slag less than 0.075 mm, leaching temperature 90 °C, H2SO4 concentration 200 g.L-1, liquid-to-solid ratio 6:1 ml.g-1, leaching time 60 min, and stirring speed 300r.min-1), the leaching rate of vanadium from calcified vanadium slag could exceed 90%. The new process not only saved energy and reduced emissions, but also reached the average level of the existing vanadium extraction process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1/CD279) on T cells and the ligand of PD-1, programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) (CD274/B7-H1) on tumor cells or other immune cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, are important mechanisms to induce malignant immunosuppression. PD-1/PD-L1 expression on B-cell subsets, as well as their signaling and inhibitory functions in solid tumors will be discussed in this review with the focus on how B cells expressing PD-1/PD-L1 play immunosuppressive roles in tumor progression, aiming to figure out the potential for development of diagnostic tools and new therapies involving this unique group of cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an experimental investigation on failure strengths and mechanical responses of transversely isotropic slates under the compressive differential cyclic loading. The tests involve five bedding orientations (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°) and two loading modes. The tests aim to investigate the coupled influence of the distinct loading/unloading rates and bedding orientation on the anisotropic characteristics, incl. the deformability, energy dissipation, damping ratio, phase shift and failure patterns. The results show that both loading modes and bedding angles have impacts on the mechanical responses of slates. Specifically, it is observed that rapid loading and slow unloading result in a higher growth rate of peak/residual strain versus cycle number as well as more intensive energy dissipation, and correspond to more significant phase shift. The influence of bedding angles on energy dissipation and strain is less pronounced compared to the effects of differential cyclic loading. The nuclear magnetic resonance was used to analyze the T2 spectra of the failed samples with different bedding angles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in regulating lipid metabolism, adipogenesis and fat deposition in chicken. To date, there are only a few miRNAs that have been confirmed to be involved in chicken adipogenesis. The detailed mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate chicken adipogenesis remain largely unknown. 2. To identify candidate miRNAs involved in chicken preadipocyte differentiation and explore potential mechanisms behind their functions, the following study analysed and identified miRNA and mRNA expression levels in undifferentiated and differentiated preadipocytes. Hub miRNA-mRNA interactions were identified, and the degree of connectivity of DE miRNAs in the network was established. 3. A total of 145 DE miRNAs and 660 DE mRNAs were identified between undifferentiated and differentiated preadipocytes. An miRNA-mRNA network was constructed, including 29 DE miRNAs and 155 DE mRNAs, forming 470 miRNA-mRNA interactions. Functional enrichment analysis showed that DE mRNAs in the network were significantly enriched in 712 biological processes and 13 KEGG pathways. Based on the connectivity degree, five DE miRNAs with higher degrees miR-195-x, gga-miR-200a-3p, gga-miR-135a-5p, novel-m0067-5p and novel-m0270-5p were identified as hub miRNAs. Fifty-eight DE mRNAs interacted with these five hub miRNAs and formed 70 miRNA-mRNA interactions. 4. This study constructed a miRNA-mRNA network associated with chicken preadipocyte differentiation and identified five hub miRNAs in the network. The findings identified a number of chicken adipogenic miRNAs and laid the foundation for elucidating the miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism in chicken adipogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1. The goals of this study were to analyse the changes in microbiota composition of chilled chicken during storage and identify microbial biomarkers related to meat freshness. 2. The study used 16S rDNA sequencing to track the microbiota shift in chilled chicken during storage. Associations between microbiota composition and storage time were analysed and microbial biomarkers were identified. 3. The results showed that microbial diversity of chilled chicken decreased with the storage time. A total of 27 and 24 microbial biomarkers were identified by using orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) and the random forest regression approach, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that the OPLS regression approach had better performance in identifying freshness-related biomarkers. The multiple stepwise regression analysis identified four key microbial biomarkers, including Streptococcus, Carnobacterium, Serratia and Photobacterium genera and constructed a predictive model. 4. The study provided microbial biomarkers and a model related to the freshness of chilled chicken. These findings provide a basis for developing detection methods of the freshness of chilled chicken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new bis(salamo)-type ligand has been designed and synthesized, and its hetero-trinuclear [Cu(II)2Ca(II)] complex has been successfully prepared. It is characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, UV-Vis absorption spectra and X-ray single crystal diffraction. Meanwhile, Hirshfeld surfaces and fluorescence properties were investigated. The hetero-trinuclear [Cu(II)2Ca(II)] complex was obtained by 2 equiv. Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and 1 equiv. Ca(OAc)2·2H2O with 1 equiv. H4L. Obviously, there is the ligand, metal Cu(II) and Ca(II) ratio of 1:2:1 which formed the hetero-trinuclear [Cu(II)2Ca(II)] complex. X-ray diffraction result showed that Cu(II) and Ca(II) atoms in the crystal are geometric polyhedrons with different shapes. Both Cu(II) atoms are located respectively in N2O2 cavities of the completely deprotonated ligand (L)4– unit. Cu(II) and Ca(II) atoms are bridged by nitrate groups, so that the two Cu(II) (Cu1 and Cu2) atoms have slightly distorted square pyramid geometries. In addition, Ca(II) atom is located in a O6 cavity of the ligand (L)4– unit and possesses square antiprism with eight coordination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public health control measures at borders have long been central to national strategies for the prevention and containment of infectious diseases. Travel was inevitably associated with the rapid global transmission of COVID-19. In the UK, public health authorities tried to reduce the risks of travel-associated spread by providing public health information at ports of entry. This study investigates risk assessment processes, decision-making and adherence to official advice among international travellers, to provide evidence for future policy on the provision of public health information to facilitate safer international travel. This study is a qualitative study evaluation. International air passengers arriving at the London Heathrow Airport on scheduled flights from China and Singapore were approached for interview after consenting to contact in completed surveys. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone, using two topic guides to explore views of official public health information and self-isolation. Interview transcripts were coded and analysed thematically. Participants regarded official advice from Public Health England as adequate at the time, despite observing differences with intervention measures implemented in their countries of departure. Most participants also described adopting precautionary measures, including self-isolation and the use of face coverings that went beyond official advice, but reported adherence to guidance on contacting health authorities was more variable. Adherence to the official guidance was informed by the perceived salience of specific transmission possibilities and containment measures assessed in relation to participants' local social and institutional environments. Analysis of study findings demonstrates that international air travellers' responses to public health advice constitute a proactive process of risk assessment and rationalised decision-making to guide preventive action. This process incorporates consideration of the current living situation, trust in information sources, correspondence with cultural logics and willingness to accept potential risk to self and significant others. Our findings concerning international passengers' understanding of, and compliance with, official advice and mitigation measures provide valuable evidence to inform future policy and generate recommendations on the presentation of public health information to facilitate safer international travel. Access to a central source of regularly updated official information would help minimise confusion between different national guidelines. Greater attention to the differentiated information needs of diverse groups in creating future public-facing guidance would help to minimise the uncertainties generated by the receipt of generic information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 3-years-old ginseng plants grown in pot culture, we determined the changes in ginsenoside content, resistance physiological indicators, key enzyme genes activities in the biosynthetic pathways under 3-irrigation levels (I-40, I-60, I-80 field capacity). The correlation analysis showed that soil relative water content of I-60 has short-term stimulatory effects on the accumulation of potopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT) -type ginsenosides. The I-60, I-80 field capacity water content had significant effects on the growth of ginseng. Squalene synthetase (SS), β-amyrin synthase (AS), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were significantly correlated with ginsenosides biosynthesis. The secondary metabolism of ginseng includes the accumulation of ginsenosides, changes in physiological indicators of resistance gene expression of key enzymes in the synthesis pathway of ginsenosides. The secondary metabolism of ginseng may be a compensation mechanism for ginseng plants to adapt to soil water content. Therefore, for higher yield and better quality of ginseng, it should be cultivated in areas where relative soil water content is I-60. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer is a serious threat to women's health. The aim of this study was to provide new insights into the mechanism of cervical cancer by constructing immune-related prognostic model and ceRNA network. The mRNA and circRNA datasets of cervical cancer were downloaded from NCBI GEO database. Wilcox.test was used to screen the differential immune cells between cervical cancer patients and normal participants. WGCNA was performed for identification immune related genes. A circRNA-lncRNA-mRNA network was constructed and the genes in the network were further screened for genes related to prognosis using survival package in R software. The prognostic risk model was further validated in the TCGA database. Finally, GSEA was performed to investigate the different enrichment pathways between high_risk and low_risk groups. Nine genes (BEX4, CCL14, CCL3, CMPK2, FMOD, GHR, HLF, IGFBP5, PAG1) were selected to construct the prognostic model. Patients in the low_risk group had a significantly better prognosis than those in the high_risk group. hsa_circ_0021727-hsa-miR-133b-PAG1 regulatory axis may participate in the regulatory of cervical cancer. The enrichment pathways to patients in the high-risk group and the low-risk group were different. The results were not validated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. We developed an immune-related prognostic model and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network, which can predict prognosis and understand the mechanism of cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of dibaryons has gained extensive attention both theoretically and experimentally since the confirmation of six-quark exotic Δ Δ dibaryon (with spin 3 and isospin 0) by recent COSY experiment. We ever proposed the chiral SU(3) quark model and predicted the binding energy of the Δ Δ system, in which the hidden-color channel was shown to play an important role in its structure. In this work, we further study the structure of Σ ∗ Δ dibaryon (with spin 0 and isospin 5 2 ) and strangeness S = − 1 under the chiral SU(3) quark model. The results show that hidden-color channel has an obvious influence on the binding energy of Σ ∗ Δ system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the research on urban rail transit planning line network is not in-depth, which leads to the decline of the utilization rate of line network. Therefore, this paper studies the generation model of urban rail transit planning line network and its application in route design. The basic network of urban rail transit planning line network is analyzed. The travel demand, urban population size and residents' travel intensity are taken as the limiting conditions. The interrelation between the line network and the city size is analyzed by using the service coverage area method of line network. The application results show that the model can attract more than 1400 passengers per unit length in peak hour, and the average generalized travel cost of passengers is about 12 min. The model has a high matching degree between the structure of the line network and the intensity of urban travel demand, and the utilization rate of the line network is high, the practical application effect is good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problems of poor risk identification ability and high false alarm rate in current vehicle collision warning technology, the self-adaptability of vehicle driver collision warning is proposed: Can consciousness recognition improve the warning accuracy? Construct an adaptive collision warning model, and quantify the impact of each vehicle's collision with an adaptive weight distribution method. The collision speed, the collision safety factor and the lateral offset related to the collision process are used as the weight distribution index to calibrate the model parameters. The maximum similarity recursive algorithm is used to estimate the characteristics of the current vehicle driving state. The maximum braking deceleration threshold is used to determine the degree of collision risk between the own vehicle and the following vehicle. The collision risk levels of the two workshops are divided into three levels: safety, critical value, and danger. The signal detection principle is adopted to modularize the initial information of the collision warning system, and the driving state assessment threshold adaptation category of the collision warning system is alarmed according to the actual situation. Experiments have verified that when the vehicle collision risk level is the critical value, the DR value of the model in this paper is 0.06 larger than the value of the NCM model, and it takes 3s-6s more time for the driver to take anti-collision and obstacle avoidance measures. Compared with the area under the ROC curve of the NCM model, the local algorithm has high warning accuracy and low false alarm rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field‐aligned currents often appear at the neutral sheet in the tilted current sheet, however, their origins are still unclear. Here we investigate two flapping motion events using the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission data. Strong current densities mainly contributed by electrons appear near the neutral sheet in the severely titled current sheet in both events. The perpendicular current can be explained by the electron drift motions, among which the diamagnetic drift is the main contributor. We find that electrons can be non‐adiabatic at the neutral sheet, which is able to scatter their pitch angle distribution. The field‐aligned current is associated with non‐adiabatic electrons in the energy range of ∼0.2–3 keV, which curvature parameter κ is in the range of 0.9–3. By contrast, adiabatic electrons have almost no contribution to the field‐aligned current. We suggest that non‐adiabatic electrons are the key factor in generating field‐aligned currents at the neutral sheet. Plain Language Summary: Flapping motions are large‐scale movements of the current sheet in the north‐south direction. They can create magnetic pulsations with a period of 40–150 s via field‐aligned currents connecting to the ionosphere along the magnetic field line. The generation mechanism of the field‐aligned current during the flapping is unclear, although the field‐aligned current often appears at the neutral sheet. Here we investigate two flapping motion events using the data obtained from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. We find that a strong current density contributed by electrons occurs in the tilted current sheet. The perpendicular current is mainly formed by the combination of the electron drift motions. The high‐resolution data obtained from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission enable us to reveal that the electron can become chaotic or non‐adiabatic at the neutral sheet, which can scatter the pitch angle distribution. The field‐aligned currents in both events are associated with the non‐adiabatic electron. We also find that the adiabatic electron has almost no contribution to the field‐aligned current. The electron scattering can divert the perpendicular current to field‐aligned. Thus, our results suggest that the non‐adiabatic electron scattering is one possible generation mechanism of the field‐aligned current during the flapping motion. Key Points: A strong current contributed by electrons occurs in the tilted current sheet during the flapping motionElectrons are non‐adiabatic at the neutral sheet, and their pitch angle distributions undergo scatteringThe field‐aligned current is suggested to be generated by the non‐adiabatic electron at the neutral sheet during the flapping motion [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the containment phase of the response to the COVID-19 outbreak, Public Health England (PHE) delivered advice to travellers arriving at major UK ports. We aimed to rapidly evaluate the impact and effectiveness of these communication materials for passengers in the early stages of the pandemic. The study design used is the mixed-methods evaluation. A questionnaire survey and follow-up interviews with passengers arriving at London Heathrow Airport on scheduled flights from China and Singapore. The survey assessed passengers' knowledge of symptoms, actions to take, and attitudes towards PHE COVID-19 public health information; interviews explored their views of official public health information and self-isolation. One hundred and twenty-one passengers participated in the survey and 15 in follow-up interviews. Eighty three percentage of surveyed passengers correctly identified all three COVID-19 associated symptoms listed in PHE information at that time. Most could identify the recommended actions and found the advice understandable and trustworthy. Interviews revealed that passengers shared concerns about the lack of wider official action, and that passengers' knowledge had been acquired elsewhere as much from PHE. Respondents also noted their own agency in choosing to self-isolate, partially as a self-protective measure. PHE COVID-19 public health information was perceived as clear and acceptable, but we found that passengers acquired knowledge from various sources and they saw the provision of information alone on arrival as an insufficient official response. Our study provides fresh insights into the importance of taking greater account of diverse information sources and of the need for public assurance in creating public health information materials to address global health threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microwave reflectometry diagnostics have been widely used to measure density profiles in fusion plasma. However, the high sensitivity of the diagnostics to plasma turbulence often results in large radial deviations in the edge density profile and causes difficulty in profile evaluation. To improve the performance of profile evaluation, a modified RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC) method has been applied to fit the density profiles measured by reflectometry on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak. Compared with the traditional least-squares method, the modified RANSAC method is much more efficient and robust in fitting the experimental profiles. Furthermore, a combination of RANSAC and a genetic algorithm (GA-RANSAC) is used to further optimize the profile evaluation procedure. The results show that this GA-RANSAC method yields better performance and stabler convergence than the modified RANSAC alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on realistic traffic conditions, the macroscopic traffic flow model that considers the driver's anticipation and traffic jerk effect is improved, and the bifurcation theory is used to describe and predict nonlinear traffic phenomena on the road from the perspective of global stability. Firstly, the linear stability conditions and the Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation are derived using linear and nonlinear methods to characterize the evolution of traffic flow. The type and stability of the equilibrium solution are discussed using the bifurcation analysis method, and the conditions of existence of the Hopf bifurcation and saddle-node bifurcation are proved. Numerical simulations show that the model can describe the complex nonlinear dynamic phenomena observed on the road. The bifurcation analysis will be helpful for improving our understanding of stop-and-go and sudden changes in stability in real traffic flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yanshan cashmere goats are an excellent local breed in China. They produce one kid per litter, however, a few female goats produce twins. To gain more insight into this phenomenon, (Method) we analyzed the ovarian tissues of does with single birth (SB) and 3 twin births (TB). To understand the genes responsible for singleton and twin production, ovarian tissues from SB and TB Yanshan cashmere goats were obtained during the estrous period and subjected to histological and transcriptomics analyses. (Results) We identified 306 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the TB and SB groups. KEGG analysis revealed pathways revealed that the identified DEGs were involved in 11 reproductive signaling pathways. Finally, gene ontology and protein-protein interaction analysis revealed nine DGEs associated with reproductive performance. ADAMTS16 expression was significantly higher in the ovary and uterus than in other organs. Moreover, ADAMTS16 expression was significantly higher in the TB group than in the SB group, suggesting its association with the twin trait in Yanshan cashmere goats. (Conclusion) Our findings enrich our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of high fecundity. They offer insights into increasing the number of kids per litter, and thereby, the development of the cashmere industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological subtype of lung cancer. Both environmental and genetic factors have been reported to impact the lung cancer susceptibility. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 287 NSCLC patients and 467 healthy controls in a Chinese population using the Illumina Genome-Wide Asian Screening Array Chip on 712,095 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms). Using logistic regression modeling, GWAS identified 17 new noncoding region SNP loci associated with the NSCLC risk, and the top three (rs80040741, rs9568547, rs6010259) were under a stringent p-value (<3.02e-6). Notably, rs80040741 and rs6010259 were annotated from the intron regions of MUC3A and MLC1, respectively. Together with another five SNPs previously reported in Chinese NSCLC patients and another four covariates (e.g., smoking status, age, low dose CT screening, sex), a predictive model by machine learning methods can separate the NSCLC from healthy controls with an accuracy of 86%. This is the first time to apply machine learning method in predicting the NSCLC susceptibility using both genetic and clinical characteristics. Our findings will provide a promising method in NSCLC early diagnosis and improve our understanding of applying machine learning methods in precision medicine. • We identified 17 SNPs from noncoding regions associated with the NSCLC risk. • Two of the top three SNPs are from the introns of MUC3A and MLC1. • Combination of genomic variations and clinical covariates had an accuracy of 86% in predicting NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microstructure of unfilled and Ba-filled CoSb3 has been studied by positron lifetime measurements together with theoretical calculation. Positron trapping in intrinsic voids is observed in the CoSb3, which contributes a positron lifetime of 263 6 2 ps. After filling Ba atoms with content up to x=0.4, the positron lifetime shows continuous increase. By comparing the experimental results with calculation following the phase diagram of BaxCo4Sb12 with x in the range of 0-0.5, it is found that when the Ba content is lower than 0.16, the filling of Ba atoms is in a phase of solid solution. At x=0.2, γ phase is formed, which is mixed with solid solution. At x>0.25, transition from γ phase to a mixture of γ and α phases is confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: Tripartite motif‐containing protein 21 (Trim21) is an E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase that plays pivotal roles in various diseases. However, its role in mediating keratinocyte inflammation, which is a hallmark of psoriasis, has not been thoroughly elucidated. Objectives: To clarify whether Trim21 plays a pivotal role in regulating keratinocyte inflammation in psoriasis, while focusing on identifying key Trim21 substrates involved in mediating proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production. Materials and methods: Cytokine and chemokine secretion was examined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in Trim21‐knockdown human keratinocytes. Downstream pathways and substrates of Trim21 were evaluated using immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. The influence of Trim21 ubiquitination on its substrates was tested by in vitro ubiquitination assay, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. The effectiveness of targeting Trim21 for psoriasis treatment was assessed in vivo with haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescence and qPCR. Results: Knocking down Trim21 expression alleviated keratinocyte inflammation. Trim21 colocalized with p65/nuclear factor (NF)‐κB in the cytosol and physically bound and ubiquitinated p65 via a lysine 63 (K63) linkage. Instead of changing p65 protein stability, Trim21 enhanced the interaction of p65 with IκB kinase, which promoted p65 phosphorylation, nuclear transport and downstream gene activation. Finally, both in vitro and in vivo experiments verified that topical application of Trim21‐specific small interfering RNA markedly ameliorated imiquimod‐induced psoriasis‐like lesions. Conclusions: Our study confirms that upregulated Trim21 in psoriatic epidermis ubiquitylates p65 and activates the NF‐κB pathway, which promotes keratinocyte inflammation. Hence, Trim21 represents a potential target for psoriasis treatment. What is already known about this topic? Tripartite motif‐containing protein 21 (Trim21) is implicated in the inflammatory response.Trim21 expression is upregulated in psoriatic epidermis.Keratinocytes from psoriatic skin secrete proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐8, IL‐15, IL‐23 and interferon‐γ, which evoke and promote the inflammatory process. What does this study add? The p65 subunit of nuclear factor (NF)‐κB is a newly recognized substrate of Trim21.Upregulated Trim21 in psoriatic epidermis ubiquitinates p65 and facilitates the activation of the NF‐κB pathway, promoting inflammation in keratinocytes.Trim21 is a potential target for the treatment of psoriasis. What is the translational message? Ubiquitination is involved in the inflammatory process in psoriasis.Targeting the ubiquitination system for future psoriasis treatment should be explored. Linked Comment:O'Shaughnessy. Br J Dermatol 2021; 184:8–9. Plain language summary available online [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 3D printed bolus technology is rapidly evolving in external beam radiotherapy and printing parameters can have a significant impact on absorbed dose. In this study, a novel 3D printed bolus was designed to evaluate the time and material cost effects, dosimetry differences, and surface dose modulation capabilities in the volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plan at different print filling percentages. A hollow-type bolus, the middle 2.36 mm of 5 mm thickness infilled with different ratio, was designed and printed with polylactic acid (PLA). The ratio of printed material was defined by the infill percentage parameter ranging from 10% to 90%. For each bolus, two treatment plans were designed with AAA algorithm, considering the real computed tomography (CT) scan of the 3D printed bolus and modeling the 3D printed bolus as a virtual bolus structure. Percentage depth dose (PDD) profiles were calculated to build up the mapping equivalent CT value in treatment plan system (TPS). Measurement dose was performed by radiographic films. The PDD profiles were then compared between measured and calculated. A simulation VMAT treatment plan with planning target volume (PTV) close to the body surface was designed on a water-equivalent phantom, and the modulation capabilities of epidermal dose under different filling percentage was compared. Compared with 100% percent infill 3D printed bolus, The maximum printing time could be reduced by 47.8% and material consumption could be reduced by 42.5%. The surface dose at single field irradiation can reach 69.6% to 85.8% of the maximum dose in different filling boluses. The PDD measurement and mapping equivalent CT calculation deviation was less than 3% when the infill percentage of the middle region is greater than 30%. The dose distribution of the VMAT plan is satisfying for infill percentages greater than 30%. Using the 3D printing technology is possible to modulate the amount of shift of the build-up region by tuning the infill percentage of the 3D printed bolus. Patients could undergo CT simulation without bolus. Appropriate bolus could be selected according to the location of the PTV region and dose requirement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Barriers to continuous cropping of poplar plantations are closely related to the accumulation of phenolic acids in the soil. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism through which phenolic acid stress affects poplar productivity. The results showed that phenolic acids had a significant inhibitory effect on the photosynthesis of poplar. The inhibition of photosynthesis due to phenolic acids occurred mainly because, during electron transfer at the PSII reaction center, the primary quinone acceptor of PSII (QA) in the oxidized state was reduced, and excess light energy was lost in the form of heat dissipation; thus, poplar productivity decreased. At low phenolic acid concentrations (0X--1.5X), the activity of the PSII reaction center was temporarily inactivated, mainly because of stomatal limiting factors. At high phenolic acid concentrations (1.5X--3.0X), the PSII reaction centers were damaged, and photoinhibition occurred, mainly because of nonstomatal limiting factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The existence of membrane contact sites (MCS) has been reported in different systems in the past decade, and their importance has been recognised by the cell biology community. Amongst all endomembrane structures, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays vital roles in organising the organelle interaction network with the plasma membrane (PM), Golgi bodies, mitochondria, plastids, endosomes and autophagosomes. A number of methods have been used to study the establishment and functions of these interactions, among them, light microscopy appears to be one of the most effective approaches. Here, we present an overview of the discovery of ER–PM contact sites, and highlight the latest developments in light microscopical‐based techniques that can be used for their study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we fabricate and demonstrate a functional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible pyroelectric uncooled thermal detector using 12% doped Scandium Aluminum Nitride (ScAlN) as the sensing layer. The ScAlN pyroelectric material is deposited at a temperature of ∼200 °C over an 8-in. wafer area. This detector has shown, in general, improved performance compared to AlN, with specific detectivity as high as ∼ 6.08 × 10 7 cm Hz / W and noise equivalent power as low as ∼ 8.85 × 10 − 10 W / Hz . The results show the specific detectivity of ScAlN-based pyroelectric detectors in the range of 107 cm Hz / W , which is an improvement compared to AlN-based pyroelectric detectors which report specific detectivity typically in the range of 105–106 cm Hz / W . This promising result opens up the opportunities for a CMOS compatible, 8-in. wafer-level manufacturable lead-free pyroelectric detector toward low cost and high throughput, allowing microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and CMOS integration for increased applications in CMOS–MEMS integrated devices utilizing pyroelectric detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pressure sensor used in marine hydrographic survey is an important device for the deep sea detection, the tsunami forecast and the marine engineering. Owing to its mature technology process and low production cost, silicon piezoresistive sensor is widely applied in the field of industrial pressure measurement. However, its temperature effect can result in non-negligible dynamic error, which cannot meet requirement of deep sea environment. The silicon-on-sapphire pressure sensor based on stress cup structure is presented. The output voltage values show a high deviation in the range of −6∼50°C due to temperature drift. In order to minimise this temperature effect, a temperature compensation algorithm is proposed to realise 0.03% accuracy in the full scale 60 MPa range. Compared with a reference commercial sensor in deep sea experiment, the test pressure sensors exhibit minor error, excellent similarity and coherence. This numerical method provides a new research direction for environmental self-adaptive sensor. It can be emphasised that this sensor will have a good application prospect in unattended long-term ocean observation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A system for detection of ethylene (C2H4) at high pressure is developed based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy using a distributed feedback laser near 1620 nm. To eliminate the influence of spectral line overlap under high pressure, a differential absorption (peak-minus-valley) scheme is adopted. The peak and valley wavelengths used for the measurement correspond to 6174.64 and 6174.45 cm–1, respectively. Absorption cross sections of ethylene are measured for the selected peak and valley wavelengths. The measured concentration agrees with the known concentration, and the maximum of the standard deviation is 0.746% for all measurements. In addition, long-term continuous measurements indicated good stability of the system. The sensitivity of the system is ~18 ppm with an optimum averaging time of 110 s. All the experimental results validate the applicability of the system in ethylene trace detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed to evaluate effects of dietary protein levels on the nursing performance of lactating mink (Neovison vison). A total of 120 pregnant mink were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatment groups with protein levels of 32% (P32, control), 36% (P36), 40% (P40) and 44% (P44) (dry matter basis, corresponding to 29%, 32%, 36% and 39% of ME), and fed ad libitum for 8 weeks from late gestation to the end of lactation. Results showed that daily weight gain of kits increased linearly with the increasing dietary protein levels although the difference was not significant. Similar trend was noted for the survival rate of kits at weaning. Dams fed diets with higher protein levels showed less body weight loss during lactation. Improved metabolic status was demonstrated by the changed metabolic profiles as indicated blood urea nitrogen level (P<0.05), total protein (P<0.05), glutamate pyruvate transaminase activity and blood glucose content (P<0.05). In conclusion, we found that dietary protein intake significantly affects the nursing performance of female mink. We suggest that an estimated dietary protein level of 44% (39% of ME) could be used as a guidance to achieve the optimal performance of lactating dams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CO2 concentrations and soil moisture conditions are important factors in photosynthesis of trees. This study investigated the photosynthetic CO2 responses in the leaves of Prunus sibirica L. and Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. under eight soil water conditions in a semiarid loess hilly region. CO2-response curves and physiological parameters were fitted using a rectangular hyperbola model, nonrectangular hyperbola model, exponential equation, and modified rectangular hyperbola model. Results revealed the relative soil water content (RWCs) for P. sibirica required to maintain higher photosynthetic rate ranging from 46.5 to 81.6%, and that for P. tabulaeformis ranging from 35.4 to 84.5%. When RWCs exceeded these ranges, the net photosynthetic rate of both species decreased. CO2-response curves and three parameters, carboxylation efficiency, CO2-compensation point, and photorespiration rate, were well fitted by the four models when RWCs was appropriate for P. sibirica and P. tabulaeformis. When RWCs exceeded the optimal ranges, only the modified rectangular hyperbola model could precisely simulate the CO2-response curves and photosynthetic parameters of both species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Full tensor gravity gradiometers based on accelerometer pair combination are widely employed in earth resource explorations using gravity gradient measurements. However, the extremely high requirements of accelerometer dynamic range and the scale factor consistency of accelerometer pairs are the two main limitations to further improve their performances. In order to overcome these two extreme challenges, the torque type gravity gradiometer based on the Etövös torsion balance pendulum is re-considered. In this paper, an improved torque type full tensor gravity gradiometer with a flexure-strip suspension is proposed, which balances the mechanical sensitivity and the response time. The proposed gradiometer can be used to measure the full tensor gravity gradient by observing angle variations at three azimuths. The principle and feasibility of the torque type full tensor gravity gradiometer based on a flexure-strip suspension are introduced, and the main noise sources including mechanical thermal noise, position sensing noise, and readout noise are analyzed. A prototype gravity gradiometer with a designed resolution of 2 E/Hz1/2 at 0.1 Hz is constructed (1 E = 10−9/s2), and the experimental results indicate that its resolution comes to 3 E/Hz1/2 at 0.1 Hz, which is mainly limited by the seismic noise. This type of gravity gradiometer can be further improved due to its high potential resolution and independence of matching combination requirement, which allows it to be applied in next generation gravity resource exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study was conducted to examine patient characteristics associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) reinitiation in Medicaid enrollees.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that uses Cox proportional hazard regression to examine the association between person-level characteristics and time from ART discontinuation to the subsequent reinitiation within 18 months.Results: There were 45 409 patients who discontinued ART, and 44% failed to reinitiate. More outpatient visits (3+ vs 0 outpatient visits: adjusted hazard ratio (adjHR), 1.56; 99% confidence interval [CI], 1.45-1.67) and hospitalization (adjHR, 1.18; 99% CI,1.16-1.20) during follow-up were associated with reinitiation.Conclusions: Failure to reinitiate ART within 18 months was common in this sample. Care engagement was associated with greater ART reinitiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Models of microbial community dynamics generally rely on a subscale description for microbial metabolisms. In systems such as distributed multispecies communities like biofilms, where it may not be reasonable to simplify to a small number of limiting substrates, tracking the large number of active metabolites likely requires measurement or estimation of large numbers of kinetic and regulatory parameters. Alternatively, a largely kinetics-free framework is proposed combining cellular level constrained, steady state flux analysis of metabolism with macroscale microbial community models. This multiscale setup naturally allows coupling of macroscale information, including measurement data, with cell scale metabolism. Further, flexibility in methodology is stressed: choices at the microscale (e.g., flux balance analysis or elementary flux modes) and at the macroscale (e.g., physical-chemical influences relevant to biofilm or planktonic environments) are available to the user. Illustrative computations in the context of a biofilm, including comparisons of systemic and Nash equilibration as well as an example of coupling experimental data into predictions, are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A mathematical model was developed and validated to estimate the nighttime heat loss. • Annual performances based on the typical meteorological year data were carried out. • Variations in number of supplying days and heat gain were analyzed in detail. • Variations in monthly and annual nighttime heat loss were presented. • Influence of set temperature to annual performance was presented and discussed. Loop thermosyphon (LT) is usually introduced to overcome the freezing and corrosion problems associated with the conventional solar water heating (SWH) system. Compared with the conventional SWH system, the LT-SWH system possesses a lower nighttime heat loss because of the thermal diode property of loop thermpsyphon but bigger daytime heat loss because of the secondary heat exchange. However, the effect of above interaction to the system performance is rarely reported based on long-term running. In this study, based on the typical meteorological year data of Fuzhou city, annual performances of above two systems, including the effective number of supplying days, effective heat gain and nighttime heat loss, are comparatively analyzed under two different operational modes. Variations of above mentioned variables with the increment in the set temperature are discussed. The results indicate that, under the discontinuous heating mode, the effective numbers of supplying days of SWH system and LT-SWH system are 139 and 153, respectively. While the numbers of days are respectively 168 and 173 under the continuous heating mode. The SWH system possesses an expected bigger nighttime heat loss ratio with an average annual value of 15.07% corresponding to 6.15% for the LT-SWH system. Particularly, for the LT-SWH system, the different relative magnitudes of heat loss coefficients functioning at different times leads to a smaller temperature drop at night and also a smaller temperature rise at the subsequent day. It generates an unanticipated results that corresponds to the same month from November to April, the two systems have the approximate effective heat gain. The set temperature significantly influences the relative magnitudes of annual effective number of supplying days and annual effective heat gain, the superiority of LT-SWH system gradually diminishes and even reverses with the increment in the set temperature. The bigger daytime heat loss dominating the dominance is responsible for that transition. Combining with a longer static payback period, it is conditional to substitute the conventional SWH system with the LT-SWH system, especially when the water temperature on demand is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the volume, axial length and cost, a radial three-pole five-degree-of-freedom (5-DOF) integrated hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB) is studied, which the rotor can be levitated stably in one unit. Firstly, the configuration and suspension principle are introduced. The mathematical models of suspension forces are deduced by the magnetic circuit analysis. Then, according to radial and axial bearing capacity, the design method of main parameters is given. Finally, the magnetic circuit, suspension mechanism, air gap flux density, force-current relationships are calculated and analyzed by three-dimensional finite element method. The research results have shown that the structure of the 5-DOF integrated HMB is reasonable, and the suspension mechanism, mathematical model and design method are correct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lanthanum titanate, LaTiO3, is an antiferromagnetic Mott insulator with a Ti 3d1 electronic configuration and exhibits an intriguing metallic state in its epitaxial film grown on the SrTiO3 substrate. Here, we explore the driving force of the Mott insulator to metal transition in LaTiO3 epitaxial films by a systematic study of the film growth conditions and biaxial strain using reactive molecular beam epitaxy. Within the achievable range (up to −2.4%) of the biaxial compressive strain in our study, we found that the oxygen incorporation plays a more crucial role than the biaxial epitaxial strain in the Mott insulator to metal transition in LaTiO3 films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The origin and history of the Amerasia basin are long‐running debates, which hinder our knowledge of the Mesozoic tectonic configurations and geodynamic processes in the Arctic. This lack of knowledge is due in part to the paucity of accurate magnetic data in the ice‐covered basin. Here, we identify the crustal age of the Canada Basin, a major part of the Amerasia Basin, through high‐resolution deep‐tow and sea‐surface magnetic data. The best fit of the four pairs of magnetic lineations revealed by the high‐resolution magnetic data is 139.5–128.6 Ma (or 142.4–132.8 Ma, depending on the geomagnetic polarity timescale). The crustal age provides crucial constraints on the evolution of the circum‐Arctic tectonic features and generally supports the hypothesis that the opening of the Amerasia Basin is related to the subductions during the closure of the South Anyui Ocean. Plain Language Summary: The Amerasia Basin of the Arctic Ocean is one of the last major puzzles of the plate reconstructions, due to the lack of age knowledge. The identification of magnetic anomalies is the routine method of acquiring the age of oceanic crust, yet floating ice in the basin makes it difficult to obtain magnetic data. We collected deep‐tow magnetic data in the basin by lowering a magnetic sensor to a depth of ~2,000 m, which provides high‐resolution data and avoids floating ice. The identified magnetic lineations indicate the Amerasia Basin opened at 139.5–128.6 Ma (or 142.4–132.8 Ma, depending on the geomagnetic polarity timescale). The contemporaneous closure of the ancient South Anyui Ocean (~1,000 km in the south) may have provided space for the opening of the Amerasia Basin. This interpretation then generally supports the existing hypothesis that the opening of the Amerasia Basin is associated with the subduction process in the South Anyui Ocean. Nevertheless, a more sophisticated geodynamical model is still needed. Key Points: High‐resolution deep‐tow and sea‐surface magnetic data in the ice‐covered Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean are presentedThe crustal age of the Canada Basin is 139.5–128.6 Ma (142.4–132.8 Ma), with a spreading rate of ~32 (38) mm/yearThe opening of the Canada Basin was roughly contemporaneous with the closure of the ancient South Anyui Ocean [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]