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Hanrui Fan,1 Ping Xu,1 Enming Zhang,1 Xi Meng,2 Jianmei Xia,3 Yong Fei,3 Ming Yao3 1Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yong Fei, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, 1882 Zhong-Huan-South Road, Jiaxing, 314000, People’s Republic of China, Email jxfy6666662022@163.comBackground: Current studies mostly suggest that hyperhidrosis is caused by relative sympathetic hyperactivity. Sympathetic radiofrequency thermocoagulation is widely used in clinics. Previous studies have demonstrated that surgery at T3 is effective and safe compared with higher levels, so craniofacial hyperhidrosis in our hospital is selected to be treated at T3. However, some patients pursue repeat medical treatment due to an increase in hyperhidrosis at the original site after surgery. Previous studies have demonstrated the significance of Perfusion index (PI) value in the recurrence of palmar hyperhidrosis, but there is no relevant study on craniofacial hyperhidrosis.Methods: Clinical data from patients with craniofacial hyperhidrosis, who underwent T3 sympathetic radiofrequency thermocoagulation at Jiaxing First Hospital (Jiaxing, China) between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2021, were analyzed. Recurrence in patients 1 year after surgery was recorded through a case search and telephone follow-up system that registered patient information. Clinical data were analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis to investigate risk factors associated with recurrence in patients with craniofacial hyperhidrosis 1 year after surgery.Results: Of 83 patients included in the present study, 34 (40%) experienced increased craniofacial sweating 1 year after surgery. Results of univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that computed tomography (CT) scan count, increase in pulse index (PI) at the fingertips, and differences in forehead temperature were potential risk factors for postoperative recurrence in patients with craniofacial hyperhidrosis (p< 0.2), and the results were consistent on both sides. Three potential risk factors were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis and results revealed that the risk for recurrence was reduced by 48% (left side) and 67% (right side) for every 1 unit increase in PI value.Conclusion: A small increase in PI was an independent risk factor for recurrence of hyperhidrosis in patients with craniofacial hyperhidrosis after undergoing T3 sympathetic radiofrequency thermocoagulation.Keywords: ephidrosis, craniofacial hyperhidrosis, sympathetic radiofrequency thermocoagulation

Ying Ni,1,2,&ast; Hao Shen,1,2,&ast; Haihui Yao,3,&ast; Enming Zhang,4 Chenye Tong,1 Wen Qian,1 Limin Huang,1 Xian Wu,1 Qing Feng2 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Xianda College of Economics and Humanities, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qing Feng, Department of Nursing, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email 15800870886@139.com Xian Wu, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email elaineyyx@outlook.comObjective: The present study aimed to provide more insight into the possible differences in the fertility-related quality of life (FertiQoL) and emotional status of women undergoing different cycles of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments.Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed, and a total of 432 women undergoing IVF treatment were recruited. FertiQoL scale, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), and perceived social support scale (PSSS) were used to analyze fertility-related QoL and emotional status. Data were analyzed comparing women undergoing different cycles of IVF treatments.Results: A significant decrease in FertiQoL scores occurred in women with increased cycles of IVF treatment. Both anxiety and depression scores significantly increased with increased cycles of attempting IVF treatment. There was no significant difference detected in perceived social support among groups.Conclusion: With the increase in the number of IVF treatment cycles, women’s FertiQoL gradually decreased, while the risk of anxiety and depression gradually increased.Keywords: infertility, quality of life, emotional problems, IVF, treatment failure

Shuo Wang,1 Biyu Lei,1 E Zhang,2 Puyang Gong,1 Jian Gu,1 Lili He,1 Lu Han,1 Zhixiang Yuan1 1College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Basic Sciences, Officers College of People’s Armed Police, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610213, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhixiang Yuan; Lu Han, Email zhixiang-yuan@hotmail.com; lunahan@swun.edu.cnAbstract: Inflammation is a beneficial and physiological process, but there are a number of inflammatory diseases which have detrimental effects on the body. In addition, the drugs used to treat inflammation have toxic side effects when used over a long period of time. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells that can be isolated from a variety of tissues and can be differentiate into diverse cell types under appropriate conditions. They also exhibit noteworthy anti-inflammatory properties, providing new options for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The therapeutic potential of MSCs is currently being investigated for various inflammatory diseases, such as kidney injury, lung injury, osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MSCs can perform multiple functions, including immunomodulation, homing, and differentiation, to enable damaged tissues to form a balanced inflammatory and regenerative microenvironment under severe inflammatory conditions. In addition, accumulated evidence indicates that exosomes from extracellular vesicles of MSCs (MSC-Exos) play an extraordinary role, mainly by transferring their components to recipient cells. In this review, we summarize the mechanism and clinical trials of MSCs and MSC-Exos in various inflammatory diseases in detail, with a view to contributing to the treatment of MSCs and MSC-Exos in inflammatory diseases.Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells, exosome, inflammatory diseases, clinic data, drug delivery, targeted therapy

Liuting Zhou,1,2 Zhenyan Ye,3 E Zhang,4 Li Chen,1 Yitong Hou,1 JuChun Lin,2 Fenglan Huang,1 Zhixiang Yuan5 1Department of Osteoporosis, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Clinical Medical; Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 4Officers college of PAP, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 5College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fenglan Huang, Email huangfenglan2011@sina.comPurpose: Mesangial cells-mediated glomerulonephritis refers to a category of immunologically mediated glomerular injuries characterized by infiltration of circulating inflammatory cells, proliferation of mesangial cells, and the common pathological manifestation to the later stage is renal fibrosis, accompanied by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Treatment regimens include glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents, but their off-target distribution causes severe systemic toxicity. Hence, specific co-delivery of “anti-inflammatory/anti-fibrosis” drugs to the glomerular mesangial cell (MC) region is expected to produce better therapeutic effects.Methods: A novel kidney-targeted nanocarrier drug delivery system targeting MCs was constructed using passive targeting resulting from the difference in pore size between the glomerular endothelial layer and the basement membrane, and active targeting based on the specific binding of antibodies and antigens. Specifically, a liposome-nanoparticle hybrid (PLGA-LNHy) was formed by coating the surface of PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) with a phospholipid bilayer, and then PLGA-LNHy was co-modified with PEG and α 8 integrin antibodies to obtain PLGA immunoliposomes (PLGA-ILs).Results: The results showed that the obtained NPs had a core-shell structure, uniform and suitable particle size (119.1 ± 2.31 nm), low cytotoxicity, and good mesangial cell-entry ability, which can successfully accumulate in the glomerular MC region. Both dexamethasone (DXMS) and captopril (CAP) were loaded onto PLGA-ILs with a drug loading of 10.22 ± 1.00% for DXMS and 6.37 ± 0.25% for CAP (DXMS/CAP@PLGA-ILs). In vivo pharmacodynamics showed that DXMS/CAP@PLGA-ILs can effectively improve the pathological changes in the mesangial area and positive expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in glomeruli as well as reduce the expression of inflammatory factors, fibrotic factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thus, renal inflammation and fibrosis were relieved.Conclusion: We have provided a strategy to increase nanoparticle accumulation in MCs with the potential to implement regulatory effects of anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis in glomerulonephritis (GN).Keywords: MCs, renal inflammatory, renal fibrosis, tem

Tong Lin,1 E Zhang,1 Zhimei Lin,1 Lisheng Peng2 1The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lisheng PengDepartment of Science and Education, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 1 Fuhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail pls0556@gzucm.edu.cnBackground: The prognosis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor. Lipid remodeling modulators are considered promising therapeutic targets of cancers, owing to their functions of facilitating cancer cells’ adaption to the limited environment. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferases (LPCATs) are enzymes regulating bio-membrane remodeling, whose roles in HCC have not been fully illuminated.Methods: Multiple bioinformatic tools were applied to comprehensively evaluate the expression, genetic alterations, clinical relevance, prognostic values, DNA methylation, biological functions, and correlations with immune infiltration of LPCATs in HCC.Results: We found LPCAT1 was significantly overexpressed and the most frequently altered in HCC. The high-expression of LPCAT1/4 indicated clinicopathological advancements and poor prognoses of HCC patients. Even though the global DNA methylation of LPCATs in HCC showed no significant difference with that in normal liver, the hypermethylation of numerous CpG sites of them implied worse survivals of HCC patients. Thirty LPCATs’ interactive genes were identified, which were generally membrane components and partook in phospholipid metabolism pathways. Finally, we found the expression of LPCATs was extensively positively correlated with the infiltration of various stimulatory and suppressive tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in the tumor microenvironment.Conclusion: This study addressed LPCAT1/4 were potential prognostic and immunotherapeutic biomarkers of HCC targeting bio-membrane lipid remodeling.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, LPCATs, bioinformatics, biomarker, immune infiltration

Chengbao Feng,1 Jingjing Wang,1 Xue Yang,2 Xuefang Zang,1 Haikun Zhou,1 Erying Zhang,1 Haifei Li,1 Bo Liu,1 Shumin Chen,1 Ying Wang,1 Peng Wang,1 Lixue Gao,1 Jinyan Liu1 1Department of Medical Oncology, No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding City, People’s Republic of China; 2Baoding Children’s Hospital, Baoding City, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jinyan Liu Email movingwind@126.comObjective: The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize a lipid magnetic ball modified with KRAS antibodies on the surface and to isolate circulating tumor cells of colorectal cancer with KRAS mutations.Methods: The microemulsion method was used to form lipid bilayers to encapsulate Fe3O4 nanoparticles with superparamagnetism to form lipid magnetic balls, and KRAS antibodies were formed on the surface to form KRAS immune lipid magnetic balls.Results: Compared with traditional EpCAM antibody-modified lipid magnetic balls, it can effectively improve the capture ability of colorectal cancer circulating tumor cells with KRAS mutation, the capture rate reaches 92.9%, and the capture results are consistent with clinical diagnosis and pathology.Conclusion: Our results showed that KRAS antibody-modified lipid magnetic balls can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of KRAS colorectal cancer.Keywords: colorectal cancer, circulating tumor cells, KRAS mutation, lipid magnetic balls

Min-Hee Yi,1 Juhee Shin,2,3 Nara Shin,2,3 Yuhua Yin,2,4 Sun Yeul Lee,4 Cuk-Seong Kim,3,5 Sang Ryong Kim,6 Enji Zhang,7 Dong Woon Kim2,31Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; 2Department of Anatomy, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea; 5Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-747, Republic of Korea; 6School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Institute of Life Science & Biotechnology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; 7Department of Anesthesia Medicine, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanbian 133000, People’s Republic of ChinaBackground: Mitophagy is the selective engulfment of mitochondria by autophagosomes and the subsequent mitochondrial catabolism by lysosomes. Evidence has suggested an important role for mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagic flux in the development of many different neurodegenerative diseases.Objectives: The potential role of the mechanism underlying mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagic flux as it may relate to neuropathic pain is not well understood. This is a disease that largely remains an area of mechanistic uncertainty. PINK1 is a PTEN-induced mitochondrial kinase that can be selectively activated under mitochondrial stress conditions and lead to the induction of mitophagy.Materials and methods: A neuropathic pain rat model was established via spinal nerve ligation (SNL) and nociception was assayed via the von Frey filament method. Increased expression of PINK1 and the mechanism of mitophagy was detected in GABAergic interneurons of dorsal horn neurons of mice that underwent L5 SNL in comparison to control mice counterparts (n=8, P

In order to study the distribution of sound field and quantitative estimates of the cutting noise,a multiphysics coupling model was constructed.Firstly,the vibration response of the fluid structure interaction system was extracted under multibody dynamic contact by using method of center difference.Moreover,a co-simulation method for the acoustic radiation model based on the boundary element method and acoustic coupling theory was presented.On this basis,a structure acoustic coupling model was established to calculate the sound pressure according to the results of the vibration response previously calculated.Then,the sound radiation in time domain characteristics and domain characteristics with the coupled system in half the space is studied.On the basis of the FSI theory,the computing results of the one-way coupling method and two-way coupling method are compared.Finally,the effects of radiating area influence on the sound power is discussed,makes clear the primarily radiation area.As compared with the experimentation results,the multi-field coupling model established in this paper about cutting noise of the saw blade is correct and feasible.

Kun Qian,1,2 Jing Wu,1 Enqi Zhang,1 Yingge Zhang,3 Ailing Fu1 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Nanopharmacology and Nanotoxicology, Beijing Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Highly-efficient delivery of macromolecules into cells for both imaging and therapy (theranostics) remains a challenge for the design of a delivery system. Here, we suggested a novel hybrid protein–lipid polymer nanocapsule as an effective and nontoxic drug delivery and imaging carrier. The biodegradable nanocapsules showed the typical double emulsion features, including fluorescently labeled bovine serum albumin shell, oil phase containing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and linoleic acid, and inner aqueous phase. The nanocapsules were spherical in shape, with an average size of about 180 nm. Proteins packed into the inner aqueous phase of the nanocapsules could be delivered into cells with high efficiency, and the fluorescence of the fluorescently labeled bovine serum albumin could be used for tracing the protein migration and cellular location. Further studies suggested that the co-delivery of transcription factor p53 and lipophilic drug paclitaxel with the nanocapsules acted synergistically to induce Hela cell apoptosis, and the fluorescence of apoptotic cells was clearly observed under a fluorescence microscope. Such multifunctional delivery system would have great potential applications in drug delivery and theranostic fields. Keywords: emulsion, protein transport, fluorescence labeling, theranostics, cell apoptosis

Enqi Zhang, Ailing Fu School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Despite the significant progress in molecular imaging technologies that has been made in recent years, the specific detection of neural cells still remains challenging. Here, we suggest the use of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) modified with a brain-targeting peptide as a potential imaging candidate for detecting neural cells in vitro and in mice. AuNCs of less than 10 nm (dynamic light scattering analysis) were first prepared using the “green” synthetic approach, and then a targeting peptide, rabies virus glycoprotein derived peptide (RDP), was conjugated to the AuNCs for improving the efficiency and specificity of neural cell penetration. The conjugate’s mechanism of cellular attachment and entry into neural cells was suggested to be receptor-mediated endocytosis through clathrin-coated pits. Also, noninvasive imaging analysis and animal studies indicated that the RDP-modified nanoclusters could concentrate in the brain and locate in neural cells. This study suggests the feasibility of using targeting peptide-modified nanoclusters for noninvasive imaging brain cells in vivo. Keywords: RDP, targeted delivery, bioimaging, brain

Low-frequency (LF) noise measurements are compared for Schottky-gate AlGaN/GaN heterostructure planar and fin field-effect transistors (FinFETs) as functions of gate voltage and measuring temperature. The noise of each device type is consistent with a carrier number fluctuation model. Similar effective defect-energy Eo distributions are derived for each of the two device architectures from measurements of excess drain-voltage noise-power spectral density vs temperature from 80 to 380 K. Defect- and/or impurity-related peaks are observed in the inferred energy distributions for Eo < 0.2 eV, Eo ≈ 0.45 eV, and Eo > 0.6 eV. Significant contributions to the LF noise are inferred for nitrogen vacancies and ON and FeGa impurity complexes. Ga dangling bonds at fin interfaces with gate metal are likely candidates for enhanced noise observed in FinFETs, relative to planar devices. Reducing the concentrations of these defects and impurity complexes should reduce the LF noise and enhance the performance, reliability, and radiation tolerance of GaN-based high electron mobility transistors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the daunting behavioral and mental health needs of Kansas' rural and underserved communities, Telehealth ROCKS (Rural Outreach for the Children of Kansas) Schools project partnered with school-based health centers, school districts, and special education cooperatives to provide a range of telebehavioral health intervention services and teletraining. This project used the Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) telementoring framework to connect specialty providers with school/community providers for web-based continuing education and case consultation to support students with special education needs. Our team created the Function Friday for Better Behavior ECHO series to address challenging behaviors in schools, based on the concept of functional behavior assessment and function-based treatment. Part of the ECHO series came into being after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes how our ECHO series provided an effective mechanism for supporting school and community providers during the pandemic, and participating educators utilized skills as they transitioned from onsite education to the virtual learning environment with students.

Objective: The pandemic exacerbated and intensified pediatric behavioral health and access needs in rural and underserved areas due to long-standing workforce shortages, lack of resources, and multigenerational poverty and trauma. Kansas is a predominantly rural and frontier state with 94% of counties designated as mental health professional shortage areas. Innovation: The Telehealth ROCKS (THR) program is among the first of its kind to increase the behavioral health workforce capacity by integrating trained school-based community health workers (CHWs) directly into rural communities. CHWs facilitate the coordination of behavioral health appointments and access to social determinants of health needs. Methods and Results: We plan to assess the implementation, clinical outcomes, quality of care, and access to care through a mixed-methods design to evaluate the process and impact of expanding the rural behavioral health workforce via CHWs. Preliminary program data suggest CHWs have supported over 90 students/families around social determinants of health in the first 6 months. Conclusion: The THR program aims to bring childserving systems of care together, cultivate relationships with rural communities, empower and increase workforce capacity in health care and education, and build trust to enhance acceptance and thus program sustainability. Keywords: pediatric behavioral health, rural communities, community health workers, telebehavioral health, Before the COVED-19 public health emergency, rural children experienced worse health outcomes than their urban peers (Probst et al., 2018), including increased risks for behavioral and developmental disorders (Kelleher & [...]