Search

Many recent studies have probed status bias in the peer-review process of academic journals and conferences. In this article, we investigated the association between author metadata and area chairs’ final decisions (Accept/Reject) using our compiled database of 5,313 borderline submissions to the International Conference on Learning Representations from 2017 to 2022 under a matched observational study framework. We carefully defined elements in a cause-and-effect analysis, including the treatment and its timing, pre-treatment variables, potential outcomes (POs) and causal null hypothesis of interest, all in the context of study units being textual data and under Neyman and Rubin’s PO framework. We found some weak evidence that author metadata was associated with articles’ final decisions. We also found that, under an additional stability assumption, borderline articles from high-ranking institutions (top-30% or top-20%) were less favored by area chairs compared to their matched counterparts. The results were consistent in two different matched designs (odds ratio = 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67 to 1.00] in a first design and 0.83 [95% CI: 0.64 to 1.07] in a strengthened design) and most pronounced in the subgroup of articles with low ratings. We discussed how to interpret these results in the context of multiple interactions between a study unit and different agents (reviewers and area chairs) in the peer-review system.

To realize the practical application of solar photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis degradation of pollutants， the efficient， stable， and easily separable catalysts should be studied. Fe3O4@SiO2@mesoporous TiO2 （FST） composite photoelectrocatalysts were prepared by sol-gel and hydrothermal methods. The successful synthesis of nano FST was confirmed by characterization analysis. Fe3O4， SiO2， and TiO2 nanoparticles were coated layer by layer with a unique core-shell structure. The FST catalyst can be easily separated from the suspension under the applied magnetic field. The surface photocurrent response and impedance test results of FST show that its activity is significantly enhanced. The photoelectrocatalysis degradation of other organic pollutants under visible light is investigated using the synthesized FST， the 90 min photoelectrocatalysis degradation rates of methylene blue， rhodamine B， methyl orange， and amoxicillin are 98%， 95%， 92%， and 90%， respectively. The main active species capture experiments show that FST produces a large amount of h+ and ·OH through photoelectrocatalysis coupling， which degrades pollutants into CO2， H2O， and inorganic ions.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal hematopoietic stem cell disease caused by abnormal expression of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) on the cell membrane due to mutations in the phosphatidylinositol glycan class A(PIGA) gene. It is commonly characterized by intravascular hemolysis, repeated thrombosis, and bone marrow failure, as well as multiple systemic involvement symptoms such as renal dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, swallowing difficulties, chest pain, abdominal pain, and erectile dysfunction. Due to the rarity of PNH and its strong heterogeneity in clinical manifestations, multidisciplinary collaboration is often required for diagnosis and treatment. Peking Union Medical College Hospital, relying on the rare disease diagnosis and treatment platform, has invited multidisciplinary clinical experts to form a unified opinion on the diagnosis and treatment of PNH, and formulated the Expert Consensus of Multidisciplinary Diagnosis and Treatment for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (2024), with the hope of promoting the standardization of PNH diagnosis and treatment.

Microbes have consistently coexisted with humans and have profoundly influenced their daily practices. Accompanied by the new materialists' rethinking of the ontology and epistemology of nonhuman matter, and based on the 'Object Oriented Ontology' proposed by Harman, this paper attempt to reinterpret the dynamic relationship between viruses, human bodies, and cities in the process of movement. By reinterpreting the communication patterns between human bodies and viruses, as well as the topological networks between human bodies and cities, this study aimed to reveal the biosocial attributes of cities from the perspective of transcending anthropocentrism." The findings indicate that (1) symptoms and attitudes towards viruses are embodied communication processes between the human body and the virus and that the outcome of embodied communication is influenced by temporal and spatial dimensions. This finding contributes to the reshaping of the humanity-virus relationship, prompting humanity to value the agency of viruses and to confront how viruses coexist and cohabit in the human body and urban spaces; (2) The mobilities of viruses cross boundaries and scales between a human body and cities. By focusing on the mobilities of viruses between extended bodies to explore the interactions between bodies and cities, this study reveals the mobilities and biosocial properties of the city; that is, the city is viewed as a topological biosocial network that transcends boundaries. Using the mask as an example, this study reveals how the extended body affects and alters material connections–that is, how social, policy, and cultural meanings are embedded in the construction and reconstruction of urban topological networks–and how the network of relationships attached to the body creates connections to better cope with the impacts of viral mobilities. Overall, based on the concepts of embodied communication' and an extended body, the results of this study provide new perspectives on micro-mobilities in human geography, enriching the dynamics of the relationship between cities and bodies. First, it re-examines the dichotomy between health and disease as a dynamic relational process by understanding the relationship between humans and viruses from a geographic perspective so that health study pays attention to the dynamics of other elements in the relational network. Second, the findings also expand the connotation and application of the concept of the 'extended body,' enriching the understanding of the dynamic relationship between the body and the city, and revealing the interactions between macro-socio-cultural politics and micro-body behavioral practices in the context of viral pandemics. Viewing the relational nature and attributes of the city through the prism of microbial mobility, draws our attention towards how a city is formed through connections between human and nonhuman matter and exhibits that this relational space is constantly fluid. This turn of thinking, which reflects the connotations and extents of space in a network-nested manner, has inspired geographers to pay attention to the complex network of relationships between people and spaces, where humans, microbes, and cities are seen as a collection of complex relationships. Therefore, the object of urban governance is not limited to humanity but should also be concerned with other nonhuman matters, and the relationships generated between people and nonhuman matters.

[Objective] Soil respiration occupies an important proportion in the annual total soil respiration during freeze-thaw process. The effects of water content, freezing temperature and freeze-thaw cycles on soil carbon mineralization dynamics during soil freeze-thaw process were studied. [Methods] The study focuses on chernozem soil from the Nenjiang County Heshan Farm Jiusan Soil and Water Experimental Station in Heilongjiang Province, China was used as the research object to carry out an indoor freeze-thaw degree simulation test. Seven freeze-thaw cycles were carried out, and three soil moisture content were set 100% field water holding capacity (100% WHC), 60% field water holding capacity (60% WHC), and 30% field water holding capacity (30% WHC). Additionally, three environmental temperatures were used a constant 10 °C (control), -5 °C (mild freezing) and -15 °C (severe freezing). [Results] The number of freeze-thaw cycles, moisture content and freezing temperature had significant effects on CO2 emissions and the impact degrees were -0.63, 0.21 and 0.14, respectively. The thawing process notably increased soil carbon mineralization. The soil carbon mineralization of 60% WHC in the first three freeze-thaw cycles increased 33.0% and 35.2%, respectively, compared with 100% WHC and 30% WHC in the last 4 freeze-thaw cycles. In the case of severe freezing, the carbon mineralization of 100% WHC soil in the first 2 freeze-thaw cycles increased by 25.2% and 68.0% respectively, compared with 60% WHC and 30% WHC soil in the last 5 freeze-thaw cycles. [Conclusion] The number of freeze-thaw cycles had the greatest effect on soil CO2 emission, followed by moisture content, and the least freezing temperature. The freeze-thaw effect increased the cumulative CO2 emissions of soil with low water content. The cumulative CO2 emission of soil with high water content was reduced. For soils with medium moisture content, mild freezing increased CO2 cumulative emissions, while severe freezing decreased them. The first-order kinetic equation fitted the CO2 emissions from freeze-thaw soil well (R2 > 0.997), both moisture content and freezing temperature significantly influenced the potential for organic carbon mineralization (C0 value).

In response to challenges such as the subtle early fault indications and the fluctuating harmonic content in power systems affecting diagnostic accuracy， this paper presents a novel method for analyzing and diagnosing inter-turn short circuit faults in dry-type air-core reactors， taking into consideration the influence of harmonic voltages. Addressing three distinct operating conditions such as normal reactor operation， early-stage arc-type inter-turn short circuits， and mid-to-late-stage metal fusion-type inter-turn short circuits， the paper analyzes the operational characteristics of both series and parallel reactors under fault conditions to identify specific early fault indicators for inter-turn short circuits in each configuration. Additionally， the paper establishes a simulation model for inter-turn short circuit faults in reactors that accounts for harmonic voltage effects and analyzes the variation in electrical characteristics of series and parallel reactors under various operating conditions. Subsequently， it proposes a diagnostic method based on the current harmonic ratio for series reactor faults and another method based on the active power ratio for parallel reactor faults. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method， the paper constructs an experimental test platform for inter-turn faults in series and parallel reactors and conducts experiments to confirm its correctness and efficacy.

Energy transition has been a vital driving force for every major leap in productivity ever since the Industrial Revolution. The renewal and iteration of energy varieties is a transformative force that drives industrial transformation and upgrading, promotes the reconstruction of economic order, and gives birth to advanced productive forces. The global development wave of emerging gas energy, represented by unconventional natural gas, biogas, hydrogen, and ammonia, has been rising, injecting new momentums into the energy technology innovation and sustainable economic and social development. However, the existing research and practice lack a systematic review of the emerging gas energy development. This study summarizes the macro development background of emerging gas energy sources from the perspective of new-quality productive forces and analyzes the practical significance, industrial foundation, and policy support for developing the emerging gas energy in China. It also clarifies the development vision, direction, and mode of the emerging gas energy sources, and proposes corresponding suggestions. Developing the emerging gas energy is crucial for forming new-quality productive forces in the energy field. The large-scale utilization of emerging gas energy sources will change the energy landscape, innovate the traditional natural gas industry, and shape a new form of gas energy industry. Combined with the process of China’s energy transition, this study suggests that the development value, strategy, technology, and market positioning of the emerging gas energy sources should be accurately clarified. The emerging gas energy should be listed as a core component of the new energy system to strengthen China’s energy sector. This study further explores the key points of development from the aspects of top-level design, institutional guarantee, scientific and technological support, and ecological construction, thus to promote the safe, green, diversified, and integrated evolution of China’s emerging gas energy industry.

Two ice and snow storm processes hit middle and eastern China during 31 January to 7 February (Process Ⅰ) and 19 February to 25 February (Process Ⅱ) in 2024, which are the most extreme ice and snow events since 2009. After the long-lasting cryogenic freezing rain and snow weather in the beginning of 2008, studies about freezing rain and snow storm have effectively improved the ability of subjective forecast and objective forecast skills of these kinds of weather. However, the accuracy of forecasting ice, freezing rain, and snow storm cannot meet demands of society. Recently, the capability of new types of observations has significantly advanced, and the surface observation system is more complete. Utilizing these more comprehensive observations to analyze and compare characteristics of these two processes will be beneficial for precious, objective and quantitative forecast of ice and snow storm, ice-accretion for example.The ice and snow surface observations, reanalysis dataset, and new types of observations, including dual polarization radar and raindrop spectrum, are used to analyze the precipitation, snowfall, ice-accretion and so on. In addition, microphysical characteristics, atmospheric circulations, and stratification features of these two processes are summarized and compared, and causes for differences is researched. Results show that the affected areas, duration, and total amount of precipitation in these two processes are similar. Process Ⅰ is characterized by deeper ice-accretion and snow depth, while Process Ⅱ is characterized by a larger affected area and increased snowfall. The observation of dual polarization radar shows that there are three layers of precipitation drops for Process Ⅰ: An ice crystal layer, melting layer, and liquid layer from top to the bottom. However, there are four layers for Process Ⅱ which are ice crystal layer, melting layer, liquid layer and refrozen layer from top to the bottom. So, for Process Ⅰ, there is no significant refreezing, and the precipitation droplets are mainly supercooled liquid falling through the cold layer near the surface. Process Ⅰ is mainly characterized by freezing rain and deeper ice accretion. During Process Ⅱ, significant refrozen to mixed or solid precipitation near the surface happens which results in more ice pellets which is not good to ice-accretion. On the other hand, the density of ice pellets is larger than that of snow, resulting in thinner snow depth and less ice-acceration for Process Ⅱ. The atmospheric circulation and stratification features indicate that both processes are characterized by cooperation of Siberia high and southern branch trough. However, the lower-level jet and Siberia high of Process Ⅱ are stronger than that of Process Ⅰ, leading to stronger warm layer and cold layer in Process Ⅱ and the colder low level cold layer is the main reason for the significant ice pellet in Process Ⅱ.

Jiyang Depression is rich in petroleum resources. However， as the exploration degree intensifies， the exploration difficulty of the Paleogene conventional petroleum reservoirs is increasing. Therefore， exploring new fields and ensuring the effective supplement of resources is urgent. The strata in Jiyang Depression is well developed， and the pre-Paleogene buried hill is widely distributed， with a great thickness and significant exploration potential. However， the exploration results are unsatisfactory due to the early formation of deep buried hills， complex geological evolution history， and poor quality of deep seismic data. In recent years， with continuous breakthroughs in experimental technologies， deepening research on basic geology， and massive seismic data processing methods， the exploration of buried hills has yielded many promising leads. This has led to an understanding of petroleum exploration in buried hills characterized by multiple periods of structures contributing to hills， multiple sets of source rocks supplying hydrocarbons in conjunction， multi-element control of advantageous reservoir formation， and various modes of orderly controlling the reservoir. The risk direction and exploration targets for deep buried hills were clarified， and the ways for further petroleum potential exploration in Jiyang Depression were pointed out through an in-depth dissection of the discovered reservoirs， coupled with the exploration experience of neighboring areas. Specifically， the risk exploration directions for each stratum were as follows： fault-fractured bodies， fault-dissolved bodies， and other enclosures within the buried hills of the Archean； concealed fault block traps and internal grain beaches， as well as lithologic traps formed by layer-following dissolution of the lower Paleozoic； deep coal-measure gas reservoirs with a burial depth of greater than 2 000 meters of the upper Paleozoic； lithologic traps controlled by fractures and sand bodies of the Mesozoic.

ObjectiveTo provide a theoretical basis for different drug decision-making scenarios by conducting a comprehensive clinical evaluation of nusinersen.MethodsBased on the method of multi-criteria decision analysis, a comprehensive clinical evaluation index system of nusinersen was established. This system, including core criterion model and contextualized criterion model, covered multiple evaluation dimensions such as safety, effectiveness, economy, and social attributes. The evidence of nusinersen in various criteria was summarized and integrated through systematic reviews. Then, different stakeholders were assigned weights and scores in various criteria of the core criterion model. Finally, a holistic value of nusinersen was estimatedthrough standardizing and combining the results in contextualized criterion model.ResultsThe criteria, type of therapeutic benefit disease severity (0.08±0.02), unmet needs (0.08±0.01), quality of evidence (0.08±0.01), effectiveness (0.08±0.01) and safety (0.08±0.02) received the greatest weights after standardization. The higher mean scores for nusinersen versus placebo for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy were disease severity (4.8±0.4), innovation of the drug (4.7±0.6), expert consensus or clinical practice guidelines (4.5±0.6), effectiveness (4.0±1.0) and quality of evidence (4.0±0.8).The holistic value of nusinersen was 0.41. The overall impact of the contextualized model on the evaluation of the drug was 0.26, indicating that it may overestimate the comprehensive value of nusinersen.ConclusionsThe method of multi-criteria decision analysis proves the positive role that nusinersen plays in spinal muscular atrophy treatment.

Abstract Hyperglycemia is prevalent and closely associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). This study aimed to investigate the effects of hyperglycemia on the outcomes of PTB treatment. This study comprised 791 patients with PTB in total. Patients with fasting plasma glucose levels of ≥ 6.1 mmol/L were diagnosed with hyperglycemia. Anthropometric and baseline demographic data were also collected. The treatment response was assessed based on clinical symptoms (sputum production, cough, chest pain, fever, hemoptysis, night sweats, loss of appetite, and fatigue), sputum smear, chest computed tomography (CT), and adverse gastrointestinal responses (vomiting, nausea, abdominal distension, diarrhea, and constipation). A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to evaluate these relationships. Hyperglycemia affected 266 (33.6%) of the 791 patients with PTB. In GEE analyses, patients with hyperglycemia exhibited a greater incidence of elevated tuberculosis (TB) scores (odds ratio (OR) 1.569; 95% CI 1.040–2.369), cough (OR 1.332; 95% CI 1.050–1.690), and night sweats (OR 1.694; 95% CI 1.288–2.335). Hyperglycemia was linked with a higher risk of positive sputum smears (OR 1.941; 95% CI 1.382–2.727). During therapy, hyperglycemia was also associated with an increased incidence of vomiting (OR 2.738; 95% CI 1.041–7.198), abdominal distension (OR 2.230; 95% CI 1.193–4.171), and constipation (OR 2.372; 95% CI 1.442–3.902). However, the CT results indicated that hyperglycemia did not affect pulmonary lesions in patients with TB. Patients with TB and hyperglycemia are at a higher risk of severe clinical manifestations, positive sputum smears, and adverse gastrointestinal effects and, therefore, the special situation of hyperglycemic patients should be considered in the prevention and treatment of TB.

The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) calls for sustainable advancements in automotive lubricants, as traditional fossil-fuel-based products pose environmental challenges. Palm oil-based biolubricants enriched with nanoparticles present a promising eco-friendly alternative that meets the thermal and tribological demands of EVs. This paper aims to analyze the development of nanoparticle-enriched palm oil-based biolubricants, aimed at improving the sustainability and performance of electric vehicle (EV) lubrication systems. The critical findings highlight that integrating nanoparticles such as graphene, titanium dioxide, and aluminum oxide into palm oil-based lubricants significantly enhances their tribological properties. These enhancements include a 26.21%–34% reduction in coefficient of friction (COF), a 12.99%–30% reduction in wear, and improved thermal stability. The study found that nanoparticle-enriched biolubricants outperformed traditional options in terms of friction and wear under high-temperature and pressure conditions, as supported by regression analysis. The study demonstrates that nanoparticle-enriched biolubricants offer a viable eco-friendly alternative to conventional lubricants, lowering the environmental impact by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. This innovation has significant implications for both the environment and industry, offering a sustainable solution that reduces dependency on fossil fuels, enhances EV efficiency, and aligns with global sustainability goals. Besides, this paper discusses biolubricants drawbacks and future studies direction.

As one of the most widely used plasticizers, BPA is often used in various types of food packaging. However, the leaching of BPA from food and water and the emission of BPA in the manufacturing process can harm human health. In recent years, carbon-based composites have shown excellent performance in the detection of BPA due to their unique physical and chemical properties. The rapid detection of BPA by electrochemical sensors based on carbon-based composites has become a research hotspot. This article provides an overview of BPA and the application of carbon-based materials modified electrochemical sensors in the detection of BPA, as well as prospects for the development direction of electrochemical detection of BPA.

ObjectiveTo construct a single-cell transcriptomic map of testicular tissue under hypobaric hypoxia exposure and perform diversity analysis of supportive cells, aiming to provide new insights into the mechanisms of reproductive toxicity for future research.MethodsTwenty healthy male mice were randomly divided into a control group (n=10) and a hypobaric hypoxia group (n=10). The control group was raised under normal conditions, while the hypobaric hypoxia group was exposed to a low-pressure hypoxic environment(pressure=14 kPa, oxygen content=14.5%). After 6 weeks, testicular tissue from both groups of mice was collected, and the transcriptomic map was obtained using the Singleron MatrixTM single-cell platform and Illumina NovaSeq second-generation sequencing technology. Clustering, pseudo-temporal trajectory analysis, functional analysis, transcription factor and cellular communication research were conducted.ResultsA single-cell transcriptomic map of testicular tissue was successfully constructed, including 6 samples with a total of approximately 49 027 cells covering 11 cell types. Supportive cells were clustered into 4 subgroups using non-negative matrix factorization algorithm. Subgroup 3 may be more sensitive to hypoxic stimulation and could reduce reproductive cell function damage caused by hypobaric hypoxia by affecting PTN expression levels and regulating the cell cycle of spermatogonia. The PTN-PTPR pathway may be an important regulatory node for supportive cells to regulate spermatogonia. Subgroup 4 could regulate the cell cycle of spermatogonia after exposure to hypobaric hypoxia through the KITLG-KIT signaling pathway, thus affecting sperm development.ConclusionsBased on single-cell sequencing technology, the molecular basis and regulatory signals of supportive cells under hypobaric hypoxia exposure is revealed for the first time. It provides an in-depth exploration of the mechanisms of reproductive toxicity induced by hypobaric hypoxia at the single-cell level, offering a new perspective for future clinical research in this field.

Objective This study aims to sort out the rare disease drugs in the China′s Second List of Rare Diseases, to provide reference for the management of rare disease drug treatment. Methods Up to December 31, 2023, based on the China′s Second List of Rare Diseases, we sorted out the drugs approved in China with the drug label, or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of the above diseases, and developed the second batch of rare disease drug catalog in China. The accessibility, localization and coverage of the national medical insurance were also analyzed. Results From the point of view of diseases, a total of 37 diseases in the China′s Second List of Rare Diseases have drug indications approved in China, and 10 diseases have drugs listed by the U.S. FDA/EMA and approved in China, but for off-label use. From the point of view of drugs, there are 55 drug indications approved for the treatment of the China′s Second List of Rare Diseases, and 22 drugs listed in the U.S. FDA/EMA and approved in the China, but for off-label use. Among the above-mentioned drugs with domestic approved rare disease indications or approved numbers, 39 drugs have at least one domestic approval number for a dosage form, covering 30 rare diseases; 37 drugs used for at least one rare disease are included in the national medical insurance catalog and are covered by reimbursement, covering 29 rare diseases. Conclusions The list of rare disease drugs in the China′s Second List of Rare Diseases was established. The number of rare disease drugs and covered diseases approved by China and the U.S. FDA/EMA has increased, and the number of rare disease drugs and covered diseases that are localized and included in the medical insurance catalog has also continued to increase.

In the past few years, China has pushed forward the availability of diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases. However, only 5% of patients receive effective treatment in the world. In China, the difficulties in having access to drugs against rare disease is still one of the major problems in medical service and the main cause of patients complaints for " difficulties in getting treatment" and " difficulties in getting drugs". The availability of the medication for rare disease is a coordinating mechanism involving multiple such points in the chain as in research and development, production, circulation, usage, way of payment, technology innovation and so forth. It also relates to the actors in supply, demand, and policy decision-makers. The complexity is different from that of common drugs. This article provides a brief overview of the current status of availability policies of medication for rare diseases in China and in other countries, as well as the technology in drug development. In addition, the article points out the problems, challenges and expectations for future possibilities.

Objective To summarize and analyze what the listing in market of orphan drugs in China, the United States, the European Union, and Japan in 2023, and to provide empirical reference to Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises, pharmaceutical management, and new drug research and development departments. Methods Collect the 2023 drug market data released by official drug regulatory agencies in four countries and international organization-China, the United States, the European Union, and Japan categorize the market of rare disease drugs and and their indications, approval dates, R&D status in China, component therapeutic areas, and special review and approval pathways were analyzed. Results Findings in 2023, 28 orphan drugs were listed in the United States, mostly anti-tumor related, accounting for 32.1% (9 out of 28); 17 orphan drugs were listed in the European Union, anti-tumor related accounting for 47.0% (8 of 17); 22 listed in Japan; and 45 listed in China. In 2023, over 70% orphan drugs listed in the European Union and Japan entered the phase of clinical trials/marketing and applications/approved clinical applications in China (86.4% from Japan and 70.6% from European Union). Conclusions Currently, there is no qualification accreditation mechanism for orphan drugs in China. However, in 2023, the number of rare disease drugs listed in China was the greatest among the four countries/international organization. It reflects that China′s Catalog for Rare Diseases played a guiding role in drug research and development. Meanwhile, the reform of drug approval and review in China and the issue of rare disease catalogs took place in a short period of time, so the review and approval, as well as research and development of rare disease drugs are still in the catching up stage.

Objective To analyze the effectiveness and safety of bisphosphonates in the treatment of patients with calcification defense. Methods PubMed, Embase databases, CNKI and Wanfang were searched to collect the case reports and clinical studies of bisphosphonates for calcification defense. Then, the relevant information of patients was extracted for statistical analysis. Results A total of 18 case reports were selected involving 20 patients. Thirteen patients (65.0%) were treated with pamidronate, four (20.0%) were treated with etidronate, two (10.0%) were treated with alendronate, and one (5.0%) was treated with zoledronic acid. Thirteen patients (65.0%) recovered completely, the recovery time of whom ranged from half month to nine months. The tolerance of bisphosphonates in most patients(90.0%)was good, while one patient who did not tolerate pamidronate recovered after the frequency of administration was adjusted and one patient with high dosage of etidronate returned to normal after the discontinuation of the usage. Conclusions Bisphosphonates, an inhibitor of bone resorption, is effective and safe in the treatment of patients with calcification defense.

Methane (CH4) is the second largest greenhouse gas in the world, and controlling CH4 emissions has climate, environment, safety, and economic benefits. China’s CH4 emissions are relatively large, and conducting medium- and long-term research on CH4 emission control strategies is crucial for the construction of a greenhouse gas emission reduction capacity system in China. Considering the scientific basis of CH4 emission control, this study analyzes the characteristics of CH4 emissions in China and explores the challenges faced by CH4 emission control. The logic of medium- and long-term CH4 emission control is clarified from three aspects: overall management and control idea, action directions of CH4 emission control in various fields, and system architecture of technologies and measures to reduce emissions. Corresponding countermeasures are then provided. The study concludes that China’s medium- and long-term actions regarding CH4 emission control will be constrained by the following problems: (1) large amount of CH4 emissions and differences among sectors and regions, (2) uncertain trends in emissions and specific paths, (3) unclear potentials of technologies and measures for emission reduction, and (4) insufficient capabilities to quantify risks and set targets for emission reduction. The CH4 emission control work of China should be strategically planned based on a long-term perspective, starting from setting overall emission control targets, assigning and implementing responsibilities, consolidating emission reduction capabilities, and enhancing the joint force of management and control. Additionally, institutional, technological, and model innovation should be promoted in a coordinated manner to accelerate the reduction in CH4 emissions.

In order to clarify the differential hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics in Guxi Buried Hill of Jiyang Depression and guide the subsequent hydrocarbon exploration， the geological characteristics of the buried hill were analyzed based on the drilling and seismic data， and the tectonic evolution of the buried hill and its control on differential hydrocarbon enrichment were studied. The results show that Guxi Buried Hill has experienced four stages of compression， two stages of extension， two stages of strike-slip， and five stages of denudation since Indochina， which are the extrusive uplift and denudation in the Late Triassic， the weak extrusion to“cut bump and fill concave” in the early-middle Jurassic， the extrusive uplift and denudation in the Late Jurassic， the left-walking slip and stretch in the early Cretaceous， the extrusive uplift and denudation in the Late Cretaceous， and the right-walking slip and stretch and the denudation on the high buried hill in the Paleogene. In addition， according to the settlement in the Neogene， two kinds of buried hills such as high buried hills and low buried hills have been formed. The whole structure is characterized by “NW-trending fault controlling belts， NE （EW）-trending fault controlling hills， and alternating horst and graben”. The superimposition of multi-stage tectonic activities has resulted in obvious differences in source-reservoir connection， reservoir types， and hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics between the two types of buried hills. The stratigraphic reservoirs in the upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic are the most abundant in the high buried hills. All layers in the low buried hill can form reservoirs， and the tectonic reservoirs in Paleozoic strata are the most abundant. The hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics of the same type of buried hills are also different due to the different allocation of reservoir-forming factors. The stratigraphic reservoirs at the slope zone of high buried hills in Chengzhong， Chengdong， and Gudao， the weathering crust reservoirs and interior tectonic reservoirs of Lower Paleozoic， and the tectonic reservoirs of Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic in low buried hills of Gubei and Kenli are the key targets for subsequent exploration.

Although the correlation between childhood obesity and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been explored, the causality of these remains uncertain. Thus, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify the causal association.

The necessity of conducting research on biolubricants arises from the urgent need to develop sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-based lubricants, which contribute to environmental degradation and carbon emissions. As biolubricants offer eco-friendly lubrication solutions, exploring their development and performance is essential to advancing sustainable technologies and achieving global net zero emissions targets. This paper aims to comprehensively plot scientific research outputs on biolubricant manufacturing and recent developments using a quantitative review technique known as bibliometric analysis. The 1000 publications were extracted from the Web of Science database and evaluated with the VOSviewer software. The study examines biolubricants' ability to support sustainability efforts, particularly through their lubrication properties, alignment with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and enhancement with nanomaterials. It also identifies future trends and addresses biolubricants' limitations. The research highlights the significance of the field, with leading journals such as Industrial Crops and Products (34 articles), Tribology International (31 articles), and the Journal of Cleaner Production (29 articles) contributing extensively. The citations and document correlations analysis reveals 742 articles, grouped into 182 publication clusters, showcasing a robust network of influential research. Ongoing bibliometric evaluation is critical for identifying key developments, gaps, and opportunities in sustainable lubrication technologies.

Abstract In order to screen out the feeding ratio of high‐quality algae strains in Hyriopsis cumingii, this experiment investigated the effects of different ratio of mixed feeding of two algae strains (Scenedesmus dimorphus and Cyclotella sp.) on the growth, bead production performance, trace elements, and amino acid composition of the newborn shell of H. cumingii. The results showed that the mixed feeding of two types of microalgae with different densities had significant effects on the growth performance, bead production quality, trace elements, and amino acid composition of the newly formed shell of H. cumingii (p

During the severe rainstorm in North China from 31 July to 1 August in 2023, CMA-GFS, CMA-EPS, EC-EPS, EC-HR, NCEP-GFS, CMA-TYM, CMA-MESO, and CMA-BJ are tested and evaluated using synoptic verification, threat score (TS), and MODE (method for object-based diagnostic evaluatin). The persistence and intensity of long-term heavy rainfall, as well as the area and intensity of short-term heavy rainfall, are tested and analyzed for their effectiveness over time. Results indicate that the cumulative precipitation predicted by EC-EPS may exceed 100 mm for 14 days in advance, but there is no prediction ability for extreme heavy precipitation above 600 mm. EC-HR forecast for the location of precipitation is generally accurate up to 8 days in advance. In the short term, the daily precipitation intensity forecast by CMA-BJ closely matches the actual situation, indicating its significance in predicting precipitation extremes. The average and maximum precipitation values of CMA-GFS, EC-HR, and NCEP-GFS in the areas with concentrated heavy precipitation are lower than actual values. CMA-GFS doesn't perform very well while EC-HR is closer to the actual situation. CMA-GFS, EC-HR, and NCEP-GFS models all provide inadequate forecasts for the persistence of heavy rainfall. However, EC-HR has a relative advantage in predicting persistent precipitation 8 days in advance. TS of CMA-BJ is highest for precipitation forecasts above 50 mm and 100 mm. EC-HR and CMA-TYM precipitation forecasts above 50 mm are relatively stable. From the daily MODE results of the precipitation concentration period from 29 July to 31 July, it is evident that EC-HR exhibits a northward predictive characteristic, while the prediction of CMA-BJ is slightly southward. The forecasting ability of CMA-GFS is insufficient, and forecasts from NCEP-GFS and CMA-MESO are not stable. The high-pressure system in North China has a significant impact on the precipitation. EC-HR model forecasts the formation and reinforcement of a 500 hPa high-pressure system 3 to 4 days earlier than CMA-GFS and NCEP-GFS models. It also surpasses both in predicting the precise location and strength of intense precipitation. Additionally, EC-HR model predicts the emergence of a 925 hPa low-pressure trough and a low-level jet 7 days in advance. However, it underestimates the intensity of the trough and jet system, with the actual location being to the west to north. CMA-GFS and NCEP-GFS underestimate the impact of the Taihang Mountains on easterly winds, leading to significantly lower precipitation forecasts. The analysis of the deviation in the 36 h precipitation forecast for 30 July also shows that EC-HR has weak predictions for low-level wind fields, trough positions, and convective precipitation, resulting in a weak intensity of heavy precipitation and a west-north precipitation area.

We studied the patients diagnosed with X-linked hypophosphatemicrickets(XLH) and treated with burosumab in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. In addition, we described the clinical characteristics of the patients, the changes of clinical indexes before and after burosumab treatment, and the adverse drug reactions during treatment. We also evaluated the efficacy and safety of burosumab for XLH. The results showed that three children XLH patients and one adult XLH patients received burosumab treatment. After treatment, the serum phosphorus level of all patients increased; the serum phosphorus of 3 children patients increased above the lower limit of the reference value range; the serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP) of all patients was lower than that of before treatment; the serum ALP of one adult patient was close to the normal range after 2.5 years of treatment. One child patient showed small crystals in kidney through ultrasound 48 weeks after treatment; one child and one adult showed increased serum parathyroid hormone(PTH)level before treatment and serum PTH continued increasing after treatment. Finally, it may be concluded that burosumab increased serum phosphorus levels in XLH patients, kept the level relatively stable, and reduced serum ALP levels. No serious adverse reactions occurred during treatment, in order to provide reference for the use of burosumab in patients with XLH.

The development of grain storage warehouses has low high-tech coverage because of the special features of grain products. Traditional grain warehouses are facing problems including limited land resources, increased labor costs, and poorer health indicators. Accompanied by the development of information technology and the Internet of Things, automated three-dimensional warehouses have been widely used in industry with the advantages of unmanned, informationized, intensive, high-speed and seamless. In the field of grain warehousing, the finished grain three-dimensional warehouse based on mechatronics, automation, control and logistics is expected to solve the problem of grain warehousing. The traditional grain storage industry will be driven by new technology to ensure national food security.

Large-scale application of new energies is a major approach to achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. Conducting research on the safety risk prevention and control strategy of new energy application helps in the establishment of a monitoring, risk prevention, and guarantee system for new energy application and promotes the high-quality development of related industries. Currently, new energy application in China involves various types of emerging infrastructures and faces challenges such as complex causes of safety accidents, incomplete understanding of safety risks, inadequate safety prevention and control technology systems, and lagging construction of a safety regulatory system. This study analyzes the current status and safety situation of new energy application in China and delves into the safety risk prevention and control issues faced by new energy application infrastructures such as charging/swapping stations, energy storage stations, hydrogen fuelling stations, and integrated energy stations. It also summarizes the current situation and experiences abroad regarding safety risk prevention and control. To establish a comprehensive system for preventing and controlling safety accidents before, during, and after they occur, and to enhance the safety risk management and regulatory capabilities of all stakeholders, this study constructs a strategic framework for safety risk prevention and control for new energy application. It clarifies the key tasks in terms of management and technology development and proposes medium- to long-term engineering and technological support projects. Furthermore, we propose development suggestions in terms of top-level design, governance standards, regulatory platforms, technological research and development, talent cultivation, and ecological co-construction, thus to promote the safety research and application of new energies.

Objective·To explore the association between high myopia and life quality among children.Methods·Cross-sectional study method was adopted in this study. Highly myopic children aged 4‒10 from 16 districts in Shanghai were enrolled through Shanghai Child and Adolescent Large-scale Eye Study-High Myopia Registration Study. Baseline data for spherical equivalent after cycloplegia and questionnaire data in 2020 were collected. Emmetropic children aged 4‒10 from 16 kindergartens and elementary schools in Jing'an District and Pudong New Area were enrolled. The uncorrected visual acuity, corrected visual acuity and spherical equivalent without cycloplegia were measured through myopia screening in schools, and the questionnaire on quality of life was filled out. Quality of life was measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). After describing and testing the differences in variable distributions between the highly myopic children group and the emmetropic children group, the differences in life quality between the two groups, and the association between spherical equivalent and life quality scores of the highly myopic children were examined by a linear regression model.Results·A total of 193 children with high myopia and 209 children with emmetropia were enrolled. There were statistically significant differences in age [(9.58±0.94) years vs (7.63±1.50) years, P

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of combining diosmin with Jiuhua hemorrhoid suppository versus diosmin alone for the treatment of hemorrhoid hemorrhage. Method: The Jiuhua hemorrhoid suppository study was conducted in 10 medical centers across China from April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. Patients with hemorrhoid bleeding were randomized in a ratio of 1 : 1 to either receive Jiuhua hemorrhoid suppository and diosmin tablets (the study group) or diosmin tablets alone (the control group). The suppository was used once a day after defecation or at bedtime after rinsing the anus with warm water. Diosmin tablets were administered only once a day (0.9 g). The primary endpoint of the study was the assessment of hemorrhoid bleeding relief 7 ± 2 days after treatment, classified as “very effective” “effective” and “ineffective”. The secondary endpoint included the evaluation of pain alleviation using the visual analogue scale (VAS, with scores ranging from 0 to 10) and edema (with scores ranging from 0 to 3). The safety of the two treatment regimens was evaluated 14 ± 2 days after drug administration. Results: The full analysis set (FAS) comprised 107 participants in the study group and 111 in the control group, while the per-protocol set (PPS) included 106 participants in the study group and 111 in the control group. In terms of hemorrhoid bleeding, the proportion of very effective and effective cases in the study group were significantly higher than that in the control group [106 (99.06 %) vs. 91 (81.98 %), P < 0.0001] in the FAS, and the PPS results [105 (99.06 %) vs. 91 (81.98 %), P < 0.0001] were comparable to the FAS results. The pain VAS scores at day 7 after treatment were comparable between the two groups (0.80 ± 1.17 vs. 0.80 ± 1.20, P = 0.2177). The majority of the participants in both groups had an edema score of 0 at day 7 after treatment [96 (89.72 %) vs. 99 (91.67 %), P = 0.3705]. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in 9 patients (8.4 %) in the study group and 3 patients (2.7 %) in the control group. In addition, 5 AEs in the study group and 1 AE in the control group were possibly in association with the study drug. Conclusion: Compared with the administration of diosmin oral tablets alone, the addition of Jiuhua hemorrhoid suppository to the tablets demonstrates enhanced efficacy in addressing hemorrhoid bleeding, with satisfactory patient adherence and acceptable safety.

Objective This study aims to comprehensively analyze and categorize the rare disease medications(orphan drugs) listed in the China's First List of Rare Diseases. It further investigates disparities in drug accessibility between domestic and international contexts, with the overarching goal of enhancing and updating the landscape of drug therapy for rare diseases within China. Additionally, this research seeks to offer valuable insights for the management and advancement of drug therapies for rare diseases. Methods Orphan drugs that have received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency(EMA) for indications relevant to the diseases featured in the China's First List of Rare Diseases were meticulously extracted for comparative analysis. Furthermore, data were extracted concerning the varieties sanctioned by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA). This was coupled with a thorough search for drug varieties approved for rare diseases as indicated in drug instructions. The result was a meticulously curated list of rare disease medications. Accessibility parameters for the aforementioned drugs were rigorously examined. Results As of December 31, 2022, a total of 116 rare disease drugs, having gained approval from the U.S. FDA, EMA, or NMPA and been available within the Chinese market, were found to effectively address 53 different rare diseases. Among them, 74 drugs, sanctioned by the U.S. FDA, were applicable to 44 diseases. Correspondingly, 36 drugs, approved by the EMA, were relevant to 26 diseases, while NMPA-approved drugs numbered 93, spanning 43 diseases. Within the realm of these 116 rare disease drugs, 59 possessed at least one drug dosage form with a domestically sanctioned approval number, providing treatment avenues for 36 rare diseases. Notably, 69 drugs featured at least one drug formulation that was encompassed within the medical insurance framework and earmarked for rare disease treatment, contributing to coverage for 29 rare diseases. Conclusions Compared with the initial release of this list, it becomes evident that the accessibility of foreign orphan drugs, as well as the incorporation of domestic approval numbers, has significantly improved. Furthermore, this research underscores the continued augmentation of the items included in the national medical insurance program, thereby signifying heightened accessibility and coverage.

This paper analyzed the localization status of key components and systems in offshore wind turbines such as blades, spindles, electrical systems, and control systems.In view of the localization weaknesses existing in the components and systems of offshore wind turbines, the localization of blades, main bearings, converters and programmable logic controller (PLC) was carried out by using the ideas of theoretical analysis, material/component selection, component development, test verification and overall assembly, and 5 MW offshore wind turbines were assembled with the developed localization components and systems. The localization rate of the unit was more than 95%. The results show that most of the components and systems of offshore wind turbines have the conditions for localization, but some technologies, such as blade design, still rely on imports, and a few core components are still missing in China.

Pulsed electric field (PEF) technology has attracted considerable attention because it can efficiently treat pollutants that are difficult to degrade. In this study, a PEF system using iron as the electrode was constructed to investigate the effect of PEF–Fe on the growth and metabolism of aerobic denitrifying bacteria and the effectiveness of wastewater nitrogen removal. The chemical oxygen demand, NO3-–N and nitrate removal rates were 98.93%, 97.60% and 24.40 mg·L−1·h−1, respectively, under optimal conditions. As confirmed in this study, PEF–Fe could improve the key enzyme activities of W207-14. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the surface of PEF–Fe-treated W207-14 was intact and smooth without any irreversible deformation. Flow cytometry combined with fluorescence staining analysis also confirmed reversible electroporation on the cell membrane surface of PEF–Fe-treated W207-14. Differentially expressed gene enrichment analysis showed that PEF–Fe activated the transmembrane transport function of ATP-binding cassette transporte (ABC) transport proteins and enhanced the cell membrane permeability of aerobic denitrifying bacteria. The significant differential expression of iron–sulphur cluster proteins facilitated the regulation of electron transport and maintenance of the dynamic balance of iron ions within the PEF–Fe system. HIGHLIGHTS A pulsed electric field efficiently removes nitrogen from wastewater.; Pulsed electric fields can cause reversible electroporation on the surface of microbial cell membranes.; A pulsed electric field enhances the cell membrane permeability of bacteria.; A pulsed electric field shortens the growth cycle of aerobic denitrifying bacteria.;

In order to study the airflow organization in the data center and quickly predict the outlet air temperature of the rack, a rapid prediction method that combines the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and the surrogate model was proposed. Taking a data center as an example, the temperature field data under a large number of operating conditions were calculated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The effects of air conditioning on the temperature field of the micro-module was analyzed. Then, the reduced order model of the cabinet outlet air temperature was established via using the POD method. The calculated temperature field data was divided into training set and test set, and the prediction accuracy of regression tree, boosted tree, support vector regression, neural network, Gaussian process regression, cubic spline interpolation, and piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation as surrogate model was compared. The consuming time of calculating the temperature field via using surrogate model and CFD software was compared. It is found that the computational speed of surrogate model composed of POD, machine learning method, and interpolation method was more than 100 times that of CFD software.

Abstract To explore the signal transmission mechanism of the arbuscular mycorrhizal network against root rot of Salvia miltiorrhiza. In this experiment, the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal network was established among Salvia miltiorrhiza plants, and a two plant three-compartment culture model was established. The root of the donor Salvia miltiorrhiza was inoculated with the pathogenic fungi Fusarium solani. The changes of hormone signals such as jasmonic acid and salicylic acid and the expression of related defense genes in the recipient Salvia miltiorrhiza plants in different periods were measured, to study the underground disease resistance signal transmission mechanism among medicinal plants. Salvia miltiorrhiza can transmit the signal of resistance to root rot through the jasmonic acid pathway; When plants suffer from disease stress, the content of JA increases significantly, and the increase of JA content will inhibit the content of SA in plants; The gene expression of PR-10 gene in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza with arbuscular mycorrhizal network infected by pathogenic fungi was 17.56 times higher than that inoculated only with pathogenic fungi; Changes in hormone content will also cause changes in the expression of related defense genes, such as SnRK2 is inhibited by ABA in the signal transduction pathway, while JA and ABA show antagonistic changes after inoculation of pathogenic fungi in Salvia miltiorrhiza, so JA may positively regulate the expression of SnRK2 gene. Plants can transmit signals through AM hyphal network after being stressed by the pathogen Fusarium solani. In the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal network, JA has important significance for the signal transmission of resistance to root rot and disease resistance of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which can make Salvia miltiorrhiza ready for stress resistance and improve the stress resistance of Salvia miltiorrhiza. This experiment is of great significance to further analyze the signal transmission mechanism of the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal network.

To evaluate quantities in power transmission and transformation projects， an intelligent evaluation method of quantity threshold based on isolated forest and multi-layer perceptron is proposed. Firstly， the Pearson correlation coefficient and permutation feature importance are applied to explore the relationship between various quantities and related technical features and select the features. On this basis， a neural network predictive model is trained by using five-year historical data. Aiming at the problem that the historical data may contain a lot of noises， a data rationality selection method based on isolation forest is proposed and the accuracy of using the proposed to evaluate quantities is verified in test set. The case simulation shows that the proposed feature selection method can improve the evaluation accuracy of neural network. At the same time， the proposed method can provide both rough estimation and intelligent evaluation on the rationality of quantities and can automatically evaluate the quantity rationality for promoting the digital transformation of power grid infrastructure.

Recent studies have highlighted that circular RNAs regulate cancer-related genes’ expression by functioning as microRNA sponges in cancers. Herein, we investigated the function and molecular mechanism of circYIPF6 in glioma.

This study analyzes the large deformation failure mode and mechanical mechanism of tunnel surrounding rock, with an aim to lessen the damage of high ground stress soft rock tunnel support structure and large deformation of surrounding rock in southwest mountainous area, with Yunnan Changning Tunnel as example for analysis, This paper investigates NPR anchor cable stress compensation support for soft rock tunnel.First, we analyzed the geological conditions and causes of failure of the tunnel through field survey and indoor test.Then, we looked at the main control factors affecting the stability of surrounding rock and the failure mode of surrounding rock of Changning Tunnel.Next, this study proposed the stress compensation support technology with NPR anchor cable as the core.Finally, we analyzed the control effect of surrounding rock of Changning Tunnel under the condition of NPR anchor mesh coupling support through field test.Results show that the main failure modes of the surrounding rock of Changning Tunnel are the compression bending of rock strata and the shear slip between layers.The stress compensation support technology with NPR anchor cable as the core works to effectively control the large deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock in the initial support.The maximum deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock is controlled from 2 150 mm to less than 100 mm, which demonstrates significant control effect.The research results can provide reference for the prevention and control of large deformation of soft rock tunnel.

NiO is a common electrochromic material, and element doping modification is an important method to improve electrochromic properties of NiO films. Cu doped NiO films were prepared by electrodeposition in ionic liquid solution, and the effect of Cu doping on the electrochromic properties of NiO films was studied. The results show that the electrochromic properties of Cu doped NiO films are significantly improved compared with pure NiO films. When the Cu doping content is 6% (atomic fraction, the same below), the light modulation range of the film is the largest, which is 54.7%, and the coloring efficiency is the highest, which is 61.54 cm2/C. When the Cu doping content is 12%, the coloring and fading response time of the film is the shortest, reaching 2.7 s and 2.6 s, respectively. The phase structure of the film is face centered cubic crystalline Ni1-xCuxO and the film is composed of nanoparticles. There are a large number of pores on the surface which are conducive to ion diffusion.

Friction coefficients of the Cu-based powder metallurgical brake pads decline due to the high temperature during the high-speed braking, which will directly affect the train braking effectiveness. The 1:1 high-speed braking tests of Cu-based powder metallurgical brake pads were carried out under the different speeds, and the friction materials and abrasive texture after the tests were analyzed. The results show that, the metal matrix on the surface of friction materials melts due to the high temperature under the braking speeds of 350 km·h−1 and 380 km·h−1, decreases the shear resistance of the micro bumps on the friction surface, and causes the decline of friction coefficient. The metal oxide films formed on the friction surface reduce the wear, resulting in the further decline of friction coefficient. The friction surface lost the stable lubricant film when the graphite is oxidized under the high temperature generated by 380 km·h−1 braking, and the wear loss increases significantly due to the adhesive wear and material transfer behavior.

In the process of vegetable fermentation, the variety and quantity of microorganisms are complex and changeable. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), as the main power in the process of vegetable fermentation, participate in the regulation of various metabolic pathways and affect the formation of flavor. In this review, the changes of major flavor metabolites during vegetable fermentation and their internal relationship with the community structure and abundance of LAB were summarized, then the potential mechanism of LAB fermentation to produce flavor substances was discussed. Moreover, the application of LAB in vegetable fermentation was prospected.

In the context of constructing a new-type power system， the demand response management strategy focusing on virtual power plants participating in power grid scheduling and operation is of great significance. However， most studies now focus on the demand response potential analysis of single load resources and do not take account of all users in the region. Therefore， this paper proposes an evaluation method of load time and price elasticity applicable to all users. It is found that load rate， time elasticity coefficient， and price cross-elasticity coefficient play a greater role than the price self-elasticity coefficient in the assessment. The load elasticity coefficient is used to identify the flexibility and controllability of customers’ electricity load time under the effect of electricity price or incentive. Moreover， typical electricity customers in Jinhua are used for calculation， and the practical value of the demand response potential assessment method is verified.

As computer science and technology continue to evolve and become more pervasive, their application in analyzing the audio spectrum of vocalizations offers valuable insights for vocal music education. This study introduces a method utilizing Fourier transform analysis to examine time-frequency domain signals in vocal teaching. Initially, voice frequencies are collected during vocal music instruction. Subsequently, these frequencies are processed to extract characteristic sequences, which are then reduced in scale to develop a model for voice spectrum recognition tailored to vocal music education. This model facilitates detailed spectral analysis, enabling the investigation of its auxiliary benefits in vocal music teaching, particularly in identifying prevalent instructional challenges. Our findings indicate that during training on vowels “a” and “i,” professional singers’ pitch at 4kHz declined to between −15 and −18 dB, whereas students’ pitch varied around ±6dB, trending upwards. In cases of air leakage, significant gaps were observed at frequencies of 5500Hz, 10500Hz, and 14500Hz. At the same time, students exhibited missing frequencies at 7kHz, 12kHz, and 14kHz during glottal tone production, with pronounced, abrupt peaks occurring when vocal folds were tightly constricted and devoid of excessive links. This research substantiates the theoretical and practical benefits of digital spectrum technology in enhancing vocal music education, thereby providing a scientific and supportive role.

In this paper, we use variable prediction to assess mental health using a spurious nearest neighbor point algorithm to reconstruct mental trajectories, extract group feature vectors and map them into a high-dimensional spatial structure. The standard deviation of Gaussian function centroids is derived by combining the radial basis network input implicit layer node parameters. The hierarchical analysis method was used to split the psychological data, and the Lagrange multiplier method was used to reconstruct the psychological space, and it was found that the overall work stress index of women was 78.97 points, and there was no significant difference in the factors of the symptom self-rating scale. It is suggested that enterprises should offer psychological counseling courses, equip professional psychological counselors, scientifically guide employees’ psychological states, and create a gender-equal corporate culture atmosphere.

Corn silk is rich in a variety of biologically active ingredients. The development of tea products based on corn silk and supplemented by other auxiliary materials could be of great significance for alleviating high blood pressure, high blood fat, and high blood sugar. The main ingredients of corn silk tea products on dominating online shopping APPs were sorted out in current study. Then, in order to assess the bioactive substances and antioxidant capacities in the water-extraction of corn silk tea products, an experiment was carried out with corn silk as the main material and other ingredients as supplements under different mass ratios with 1∶2, 1∶1, and 2∶1. The results showed that thirteen ingredients were sorted out by analyzing 139 kinds of corn silk tea products sourced from 8 shopping APPs, occurrence times of which were more than 20% of total products number, such as mulberry leaves, hawthorn and pueraria. Under the mass ratio of black corn silk to most ingredients with 2∶1, the contents of total polysaccharides, total saponins and total flavonoids in the water-extraction were higher, but the antioxidant capacity did not show an advantage. The integrated effects of bioactive substances and antioxidant capacities were assessed by subordinate function value method, and it was concluded that corn silk with pueraria, gardenia, chrysanthemum, pericarpium citri reticulatae and tartary buckwheat had better comprehensive effect under the mass ratio of 2∶1. Therefore, 1.5 g corn silk with 0.75 g pueraria, gardenia, chrysanthemum, pericarpium citri reticulatae and tartary buckwheat could be used as potential products for corn silk tea.

Objective To explore the application effect of standardized quality control concept in the quality control of ultrasound department. Methods A standardized quality control management system was established, based on the quality control concepts of 'medical quality first, medical safety first', 'PDCA continuous improvement', and 'full-process quality control and all-department participation'. We compared average outpatient and inpatient ultrasound appointment times from January 2019 to June 2019 and January 2021 to June 2021, patient satisfaction and clinical satisfaction data of ultrasound department from January 2019 to June 2019 and October 2019 to March 2020 before and after the establishment of the standardized quality control management system, and the annual ultrasound diagnosis consistent rate from 2020 to 2021 after the establishment of the standardized quality control management system. Results After the establishment of the standardized quality control management system, the mean outpatient ultrasound appointment time and inpatient ultrasound appointment time was shortened[(5.00±0.89)days vs. (13.33±2.81)days, P=0.009; (1.33±0.52)days vs. (3.50±0.55)days, P=0.448]. The scores of patient and clinical satisfaction were significantly higher than those before implementation[(89.56±0.95)points vs. (86.91±3.12)points, (87.28±2.04)points vs. (82.95±4.59)points], and all differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The consistent rate of ultrasound diagnosis in 2021 (94.7%) was significantly higher than that in 2020 (93.5%)(P < 0.05). Conclusion The establishment of the standardized quality control system has shortened the average appointment time for outpatient and inpatient ultrasound examinations, improved the patient and clinical satisfaction and the average ultrasound diagnostic compliance rate, and effectively improved the quality of medical services and quality control, thus showing good application effects on ultrasound quality control.

Although the incidence of rare diseases is extremely low, 6% to 8% of the global population are affected by more than 7000 rare diseases. Rare diseases guidelines are playing an increasingly important role as guiding documents in improving the health outcomes of patients with rare diseases. Therefore, we aim to systematically elaborate on the status quo, challenges and opportunities of rare disease guidelines at home and abroad, and put forward thoughts and suggestions on promoting the development of rare diseases guidelines in the future.

For new energy vibration power generation, this paper proposed an electromagnetic vibration energy harvesting device that uses a spring to increase the amplitude. In order to improve the energy harvesting efficiency, this paper used the motor electromagnetic model and the mass-spring-damping vibration model to model and analyze the output voltage of energy harvesting device. For the sample working condition of vibration frequency of 15 Hz and amplitude of 1 mm, the optimal design of the spring amplitude amplification mechanism was carried out. According to the optimization results, Solid-Works software was used to model the spring amplitude amplification mechanism. In addition, the model was imported into ANSYS software for finite element analysis to evaluate the rationality and feasibility of the design scheme of the amplitude amplification mechanism. Finally, a prototype was made and a vibration power generation experimental platform was built to verify the prototype. The experimental results show that the design scheme in this paper amplifies the amplitude of the mover by 7.98 times, the no-load voltage reaches 22.8 V, and the maximum output power is 0.44 W, which better realizes the vibration energy collection. In order to make the device can be applied to a wider range of fields, the effectiveness of the designed device and the proposed method was further verified by using three different frequency working pairs.

In recent years, omics has received a lot of attention from researchers in the field of food and nutrition because of its prominent role in revealing the mechanisms of complex biochemical actions and macro-regulatory dynamic network systems in living organisms and has been applied to research in the field of food. This paper focuses on the application of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics in the food field from the basic concept of histology, which is expected to provide a theoretical basis and scientific guidance for the further use of histological tools for food ingredient control, quality improvement and safety mechanism analysis.

This paper reviewed the current development research of China’s offshore wind power industry in the field of integrated design of wind turbine, tower and foundation. This paper explored the feasibility of integrated design from the aspects of load reduction optimization technology, structural optimization technology and engineering exploration and application, and discussed the key technologies and implementation methods of integrated design that can be adopted under the optimization goal of lightweight offshore wind turbine support structure. The research shows that China’s offshore wind power industry needs to be gradually implemented from three levels: providing the prerequisites for integrated design, using the technologies that can be adopted at the current stage,and exploring the next research directions. In the context of offshore wind power moving towards grid parity, owner-engineers and third-party certification bodies need to play a greater role in promoting the integrated design method.

At present, most hydrogels used in the food industry are natural polymers, with poor mechanical properties and high moisture content, which is easy to be contaminated by microorganisms, making it difficult to meet the use needs. In recent years, new composite hydrogels loaded with active substances prepared from natural and synthetic polymers or modified natural polymers have been increasingly used in the food field.. Starting from the preparation method of composite hydrogels, this paper introduces its application status in food packaging materials, fat and starch substitution, bioactive molecule delivery, rapid detection of microorganisms, and prospects the development trend of composite hydrogels in the food industry.