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1,108 results on '"Zhang, Xiao Ling"'

2. GRB 240529A: A Tale of Two Shocks

Author

Sun, Tian-Rui, Geng, Jin-Jun, Yan, Jing-Zhi, Hu, You-Dong, Wu, Xue-Feng, Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Yang, Chao, Ping, Yi-Ding, Hu, Chen-Ran, Xu, Fan, Gao, Hao-Xuan, Jiang, Ji-An, Zhu, Yan-Tian, Xue, Yongquan, Pérez-García, Ignacio, Wu, Si-Yu, Fernández-García, Emilio, Caballero-García, María D., Sánchez-Ramírez, Rubén, Guziy, Sergiy, Olivares, Ignacio, del Pulgar, Carlos Jesus Pérez, Castellón, A., Castillo, Sebastián, Xiong, Ding-Rong, Pandey, Shashi B., Hiriart, David, García-Segura, Guillermo, Lee, William H., Carrasco-García, I. M., Park, Il H., Meintjes, Petrus J., van Heerden, Hendrik J., Martín-Carrillo, Antonio, Hanlon, Lorraine, Zhang, Bin-Bin, Maury, Alain, Hernández-García, L., Gritsevich, Maria, Rossi, Andrea, Maiorano, Elisabetta, Cusano, Felice, D'Avanzo, Paolo, Ferro, Matteo, Melandri, Andrea, De Pasquale, Massimiliano, Brivio, Riccardo, Fang, Min, Fan, Lu-Lu, Hu, Wei-Da, Wan, Zhen, Hu, Lei, Zuo, Ying-Xi, Tang, Jin-Long, Zhang, Xiao-Ling, Zheng, Xian-Zhong, Li, Bin, Luo, Wen-Tao, Liu, Wei, Wang, Jian, Zhang, Hong-Fei, Liu, Hao, Gao, Jie, Liang, Ming, Wang, Hai-Ren, Yao, Da-Zhi, Cheng, Jing-Quan, Zhao, Wen, and Dai, Zi-Gao

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Thanks to the rapidly increasing time-domain facilities, we are entering a golden era of research on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this Letter, we report our observations of GRB 240529A with the Burst Optical Observer and Transient Exploring System, the 1.5-meter telescope at Observatorio Sierra Nevada, the 2.5-meter Wide Field Survey Telescope of China, the Large Binocular Telescope, and the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. The prompt emission of GRB 240529A shows two comparable energetic episodes separated by a quiescence time of roughly 400 s. Combining all available data on the GRB Coordinates Network, we reveal the simultaneous apparent X-ray plateau and optical re-brightening around $10^3-10^4$ s after the burst. Rather than the energy injection from the magnetar as widely invoked for similar GRBs, the multi-wavelength emissions could be better explained as two shocks launched from the central engine separately. The optical peak time and our numerical modeling suggest that the initial bulk Lorentz factor of the later shock is roughly 50, which indicates that the later jet should be accretion-driven and have a higher mass loading than a typical one. The quiescence time between the two prompt emission episodes may be caused by the transition between different accretion states of a central magnetar or black hole, or the fall-back accretion process. A sample of similar bursts with multiple emission episodes in the prompt phase and sufficient follow-up could help to probe the underlying physics of GRB central engines., Comment: Resubmitted to ApJL after addressing the referee's comments; comments are welcome

Published
2024

4. Glial growth factor 2 treatment alleviates ischemia and reperfusion-damaged integrity of the blood-brain barrier through decreasing Mfsd2a/caveolin-1-mediated transcellular and Pdlim5/YAP/TAZ-mediated paracellular permeability

Author

Zhang, Xiao-ling, Du, Wei-hong, Qian, Shu-xia, Lu, Xu-dong, Yu, Xin, Fang, Hai-lun, Dong, Jia-li, Song, Min, Sun, Yan-yun, Wu, Xiao-qiang, Shen, Yu-fei, Hao, Ya-nan, Shen, Min-hui, Zhou, Bei-qun, Wang, Yan-ping, Xu, Cong-ying, and Jin, Xin-chun

Published
2024
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31. Formononetin Induces Ferroptosis in Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells to Attenuate Liver Fibrosis by Targeting NADPH Oxidase 4.

Author

Liu, Ming‐xuan, Gu, Ying‐ying, Nie, Wen‐yuan, Zhu, Xiao‐ming, Qi, Meng‐jing, Zhao, Rui‐min, Zhu, Wei‐zhong, and Zhang, Xiao‐ling

Abstract

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of cell death that exerts a crucial role in hepatic fibrosis. Formononetin (FMN), a natural isoflavone compound mainly isolated from Spatholobus suberectus Dunn, shows multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and hepatoprotection. This research aims to explore the regulatory mechanism of FMN in liver fibrosis and the relationship between NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and ferroptosis. The effects of FMN on HSC ferroptosis were evaluated in rat model of CCl4‐induced hepatic fibrosis. In vitro, N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) and deferoxamine (DFO) were used to block ferroptosis and then explored the anti‐fibrotic effect of FMN. The target protein of FMN was identified by bio‐orthogonal click chemistry reaction as well as drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), cellular thermal shift (CETSA), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) analysis. Here, we found that FMN exerted anti‐fibrotic effects via inducing ferroptosis in activated HSCs. NAC and DFO prevented FMN‐induced ferroptotic cell death and collagen reduction. Furthermore, FMN bound directly to NOX4 through possible active amino acid residues sites, and increased NOX4‐based NADPH oxidase activity to enhance levels of NADP+/NADPH, thus promoting ferroptosis of activated HSCs and relieving liver fibrosis. These results demonstrate that the direct target and mechanism by which FMN improves liver fibrosis, suggesting that FMN may be a natural candidate for further development of liver fibrosis therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Improved and Interpretable Prediction of Cytochrome P450-Mediated Metabolism by Molecule-Level Graph Modeling and Subgraph Information Bottlenecks

Author

Li, Yi, Xu, Qin-Wei, Jian, Guo-Lei, Zhang, Xiao-Ling, and Wang, Hua

Abstract

Accurately identifying sites of metabolism (SoM) mediated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, which are responsible for drug metabolism in the body, is critical in the early stage of drug discovery and development. Current computational methods for CYP-mediated SoM prediction face several challenges, including limitations to traditional machine learning models at the atomic level, heavy reliance on complex feature engineering, and the lack of interpretability relevant to medicinal chemistry. Here, we propose GraphCySoM, a novel molecule-level modeling approach based on graph neural networks, utilizing lightweight features and interpretable annotations on substructures, to effectively and interpretably predict CYP-mediated SoM. Unlike computationally expensive atomic descriptors derived from resource-intensive chemistry or even quantum chemistry calculations, we emphasize that graph-based molecular modeling initialized solely with lightweight features enables the adaptive learning of molecular topology through message-passing mechanisms combined with various aggregation kernels. Extensive ablation experiments demonstrate that GraphCySoM significantly outperforms baseline models and achieves superior performance compared with competing methods while exhibiting advantages in computational efficiency. Moreover, the attention mechanism and subgraph information bottlenecks are incorporated to analyze node importance and feature significance, resulting in mining substructures associated with the SoM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study of CYP-mediated SoM using molecule-level modeling and interpretable technology. Our method achieves new state-of-the-art performance and provides potential insights into the molecular and pharmacological mechanisms underlying drug metabolism catalyzed by CYP enzymes. All source files and trained models are freely available at https://github.com/liyigerry/GraphCySoM.

Published
2024
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