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● Development of a novel multi-indicator partition optimization method of nitrogen nutrient management.● Calculation of multi-indicator environmental thresholds for ammonia volatilization, nitrogen surplus and soil carrying capacity in various regions within the basin.● Recommendation of various regional spatial optimization methods to enhance nutrient management in crop–livestock systems.Although China has achieved great advancements toward national food security, the country is still confronted with a range of challenges, including natural resource stress, imbalanced diets and environmental pollution. Optimized management of crop–livestock systems is the key measure to realize agricultural green transformation. However, optimized management of crop–livestock systems that use multi-objective zoning is lacking. This study employed a multi-objective zoning management approach to comprehensively analyze four indicators: ammonia volatilization, nitrogen surplus, soil carrying capacity and ecological red line area. With its significant ecological integrity and a strong emphasis on sustainability, the Baiyangdian Basin serves as a unique and suitable test case for conducting analyses on multi-objective nutrient optimization management, with the aim to facilitate the agricultural green transformation. This study finds that less than 8% of the area in the Baiyangdian Basin meet the acceptable environmental indicator standard, whereas around 50% of the area that had both nitrogen surplus and ammonia volatilization exceeded the threshold. Implementation of unified management, that is, the same management technique across the study areas, could result in an increase of areas meeting environmental indicator thresholds to 21.1%. This project developed a novel multi-indicator partition optimization method, in which distinct measures are tailored for different areas to satisfy multiple environmental indicators. Implementation of this method, could potentially bring more than 50% area below the threshold, and areas with ammonia emissions and nitrogen surplus could be reduced to 15.8%. The multi-indicators partition optimization method represents a more advanced and efficiency-oriented management approach when compared to unified management. This approach could be regarded as the best available option to help China achieve agricultural transformation to improve efficient production and reduce environmental pollution. It is recommended that current policies aimed at nutrient management toward sustainable agricultural development should shift toward the application of multi-indicators partition optimization.

● Relationships between agricultural green development (AGD) and 10 UN SDGs are presented.● Historical changes and characteristics of AGD in China are analyzed.● Knowledge gaps in AGD indicators in China are identified.While agricultural green development (AGD) is highly recognized and has become a national strategy in China, it is imperative to bridge the knowledge gaps between AGD and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and to evaluate the contribution of AGD to meeting the SDGs. The first aim of this study was to compare the AGD goals and indicators with those of the SDGs so as to identify their relationship. The next aim was to examine the historical evolution of AGD indicators and analyze the gaps between the current status of various indicators and their benchmarks. Limiting factors were identified in China’s transition toward AGD. These findings reveal that the indicators of AGD align with those of the SDGs, but have greater specificity to the context in China and are more quantifiable. There has been a significant increase per capita calorie and protein intakes in China, as well as a notable rise in agricultural output per unit of arable land and rural incomes from 1980 to the 2010s. However, these achievements have been accompanied by a high resource use and environmental pollution, highlighting the need for a more sustainable, environmentally responsible agriculture in China.

Photocatalytic hydrogenation provides an effective alternative way for the synthesis of industrial chemicals to meet the economic and environment expectations. Especially, over the past few years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), featured with tunable structure, porosity, and crystallinity, have been significantly developed as many high-performance catalysts in the field of photocatalysis. In this review, the background and development of photocatalytic hydrogenation are systemically summarized. In particular, the comparison between photocatalysis and thermal catalysis, and the fundamental understanding of photohydrogenation, including reaction pathways, reducing species, regulation of selectivity, and critical parameters of light, are proposed. Moreover, this review highlights the advantages of MOFs-based photocatalysts in the area of photohydrogenation. Typical effective strategies for modifying MOFs-based composites to produce their advantages are concluded. The recent progress in the application of various types of MOFs-based photocatalysts for photohydrogenation of unsaturated organic chemicals and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is summarized and discussed in detail. Finally, a brief conclusion and personal perspective on current challenges and future developments of photocatalytic hydrogenation processes and MOFs-based photocatalysts are also highlighted.

PURPOSE: Amyands hernia is a rare hernia defined as an inguinal hernia that contains the appendix within the hernia sac. Current treatment of Amyands hernia remains controversial. Our study retrospectively reviewed 6 cases of Amyands hernia, aiming to provide a reference for the surgical treatment of Amyands hernia. METHODS: Six patients diagnosed with Amyands hernia from September 2010 to May 2020 were retrospectively enrolled in our study. We summarized clinical data of six patients including the chief complaint, physical examinations, laboratory examinations, imaging examinations, surgical methods, and postoperative treatments and outcomes. RESULTS: The diagnosis of six cases with Amyands hernia was made during surgery. Two patients had normal appendixes whereas the remaining four patients had appendicitis. Two patients with normal appendix received tension-free mesh repair through the inguinal incision. Among those with inflamed or perforated appendixes, two received mesh repair and the other two did not. The discharge time after surgery of six patients was 9.8 ± 6.1 days. One patient suffered from a wound infection. No additional postoperative complications were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Computed tomography and ultrasonography are helpful but limited in the definite diagnosis of Amyands hernia. The presence of a normal appendix does not require to be resected, but appendicectomy is necessary if the appendix is inflamed. The treatment of Amyands hernia should be tailored based on the patients condition and the type of Amyands hernia.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the overall survival (OS) between proximal gastric cancer (PG) and distal gastric cancer (DG) patients after gastrectomy. METHODS: Articles on the prognostic study of PG and DG patients after gastrectomy were collected from the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and VIP databases from the date of establishment until December 2020. The data were statistically analyzed by Stata software (version 11.0, StataCorp). RESULTS: A total of 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed that the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates of PG patients were significantly lower than those of DG patients (RR = 0.898, 95% CI: 0.825 to 0.977, P = 0.013; RR = 0.802, 95% CI: 0.708 to 0.909, P = 0.001; RR = 0.736, 95% CI: 0.642 to 0.844, P = 0.000). After subgroup analysis according to different countries, the combined RR values of were as follows: 1-year OS: eastern countries: RR = 0.966, 95% CI: 0.944 to 0.988, P = 0.003, western countries: RR = 0.687, 95% CI: 0.622 to 0.759, P = 0.000; 3-year OS: eastern countries: RR = 0.846, 95% CI: 0.771 to 0.929, P = 0.000, western countries: RR = 0.742, 95% CI: 0.399 to 1.382, P = 0.348; and 5-year OS: eastern countries: RR = 0.798, 95% CI: 0.716 to 0.889, P = 0.000, western countries: RR = 0.646, 95% CI: 0.414 to 1.008, P = 0.054. CONCLUSION: In terms of 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS, PG patients had lower rates than DG patients and the eastern countries/western countries subgroup, but there were no significant differences in 3- and 5-year OS for the western countries. These results merit further clinical validation in future studies. (Registration ID: UMIN000040393; Date of registration: 2020/05/13).