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In this study, in order to investigate the effect of gelation on the hardness, oil-holding capacity and rheological properties of oils and fats, oleogels were prepared by mixing coconut oil and/or palm kernel oil as oil base with candelilla wax. The results showed that candelilla wax enhanced the hardness and oil-holding capacity of oils and fats, and it could overall increase the apparent viscosity and modulus, indicating strong gelation. Furthermore, in order to clarify the effects of wax-based oleogels on chocolate quality, chocolate was made with the oleogels as oil base and stored at fluctuating temperatures of 25/32 ℃. The fatty acid and triglyceride composition, color, crystal form and micromorphology of chocolate were analyzed. It was found that gelation resulted in the generation of a new β’ crystal form, and the formation of feather-shaped and spherical crystals inside the crystal; the oil was encapsulated in the dense crystalline network, preventing its migration, retarding the blooming of chocolate and making the chocolate system more stable. In conclusion, this study provides a theoretical basis for the construction of wax-based oleogels and a reference for the development and application of fat substitutes for chocolate.

With the continuous development and improvement of digital media technology, its position in dynamic visual design is also increasing. In this paper, we first combine LCEOPaCH algorithm to extract color features from visual images, use local energy pointing mode to get image color transformation information, optimize the dynamic visual measurement method based on dynamic binocular reconstruction, and construct a dynamic visual communication model combined with visual SLAM. Through the empirical data of the visual communication system, the localization accuracy of different methods in dynamic environments is compared based on the root mean square error value of absolute trajectory error in dynamic datasets A, B, and C. The quantization results of this paper’s algorithm under dynamic visual measurement analysis and color feature extraction data comparison in 6 sets of simulated images, the PSNR value is higher than 30, and the average value of PSNR is as high as 38.11 under 24 feature colors. The SSIM value for 8 feature colors is higher than 0.75 in the same quantization. The study demonstrates the advantages of digital media technology in visual communication design and provides practical design ideas.

The incidence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Asians is significantly higher than that in Westerners. For the past few years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that target the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) /programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis have become a part of the treatment paradigm for advanced NSCLC, opening a new era of immunotherapy for lung cancer. However, previous clinical trials reported that advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation could not benefit from ICIs monotherapy. The immunotherapy outcomes of different EGFR mutant subtypes showed diverse. The interim results of the latest clinical trial ORIENT-31 showed that immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and anti-angiogenesis significantly improved the progression-free survival of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistant advanced NSCLC patients, providing a new therapeutic strategy for those EGFR mutant patients. The tumor microenvironment of EGFR-mutated NSCLC is immunosuppressed. Targeting the key immunomodulatory factors that play important roles in the immunosuppression may promote the response of EGFR-mutated tumors to immunotherapy and provide a new synergistic immune combination therapy strategy, which will enrich the clinical treatment options and improve the survival prognosis of EGFR-TKIs-resistant NSCLC patients. This article summarizes the latest clinical progression of immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC with EGFR mutation, the differences of immunotherapy efficacy among different EGFR mutation subtypes, the synergistic mechanism of combined immunotherapy and the potential molecular target combining with immunotherapy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) known as semiconductors are holding promise for nanoelectronics applications and sparking increased research interest. Currently, synthesis of 5‐AGNRs with a quasi‐metallic gap has been achieved using perylene and its halogen‐containing derivatives as precursors via on‐surface synthesis on a metal substrate. However, challenges in controlling the polymerization and orientation between precursor molecules have led to side reactions and the formation of by‐products, posing a significant issue in purity. Here a precision synthesis of confined 5‐AGNRs using molecular‐designed precursors without halogens is proposed to address these challenges. Perylene and its dimer quaterrylene are utilized for filling into single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), following a precursor‐driven transition into 5‐AGNRs by heat‐induced polymerization and cyclodehydrogenation. SWCNTs restrict the alignment of confined quaterrylene enabling their polymerization with a head‐to‐tail arrangement, which results in the formation of pure 5‐AGNRs with three times higher yield than that of perylene, as the free rotation capability of perylene molecules inside SWCNTs lead to the formation of 5‐AGNRs concomitant with by‐products. This work provides a templated route for synthesizing desired GNRs based on molecular‐designed precursors and confined polymerization, bringing advantages for their applications in electronics and optoelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In‐memory computing and sensing can break through the limit of the traditional Von Neumann architecture where information storing and computing units are separated. Recently the topographic creation of a ferroelectric domain wall in separation of two antiparallel domains in LiNbO3 single‐crystal films integrated with the Si substrate has been the focus of such research. Here, the additional freedom of the light stimulus is reported to modulate the domain wall current significantly, enabling applications in nonvolatile domain wall memory, photodetector, and image recognition processor. These measurements shows the fantastic photosensitivity of 2D domain walls where the photocurrent varies nonlinearly against the accumulative pulse number. With this observation, an associated learning model is constructed to stimulate neuromorphic computing (with a recognition accuracy of 90%) using an artificial neuromorphic network of domain walls. The research promotes the multifold development of artificial intelligence using domain‐wall nanodevices sensitive to both optical and electrical stimulus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rheological behavior and printing characteristics of the screen-printing slurry for Nd-Fe-B grain boundary diffusion are key factors that determine the quality of printing and magnetic performance. However, few studies have focused on the organic medium, a crucial material for slurry. In this paper, the rheology, thixotropy, and thermal decomposition behavior of the organic vehicle in Nd-Fe-B screen printing slurry were studied. The results show that the organic vehicle formed by terpineol and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) exhibits typical non-Newtonian fluid characteristics, with excellent rheology and thixotropy, ensuring that the slurry prepared from it has excellent static stability and printing consistency. Additionally, the carbon residue of the organic vehicle formed by terpineol and PVB is less than 0.1% at 900 °C, avoiding excessive carbon entering the magnet during the diffusion process. Moreover, studying the rheology and thixotropy of the organic vehicle through a rheometer can quickly screen the slurry system. This work provides valuable guidance for designing an organic vehicle for screen-printing slurry for Nd-Fe-B grain boundary diffusion in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Although microorganisms are the main cause of spoilage in prepared beef steaks, very few deep spoilage mechanisms have been reported so far. Aiming to unravel the mechanisms during 12 days of storage at 4 °C affecting the quality of prepared beef steak, the present study investigated the changes in microbial dynamic community using a combined high‐throughput sequencing combined and bioinformatics. In addition, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical analysis was utilized to identify marker candidates for prepared steaks. Furthermore, cloud platform analysis was applied to determine prepared beef steak spoilage, including the relationship between microbiological and physicochemical indicators and volatile compounds. RESULTS: The results showed that the dominant groups of Pseudomonas, Brochothrix thermosphacta, Lactobacillus and Lactococcus caused the spoilage of prepared beef steak, which are strongly associated with significant changes in physicochemical properties and volatile organic compounds (furan‐2‐pentyl‐, pentanal, 1‐octanol, 1‐nonanol and dimethyl sulfide). Metabolic pathways were proposed, among which lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism were most abundant. CONCLUSION: The present study is helpful with respect to further understanding the relationship between spoilage microorganisms and the quality of prepared beef steak, and provides a reference for investigating the spoilage mechanism of dominant spoilage bacteria and how to extend the shelf life of meat products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: To explore the association between protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL‐SNPs) and the risk of LUAD. Methods: "Blood +" high depth blood proteomics analysis was performed on plasma from female LUAD patients and female healthy controls, and combined with proteomics data from tumors and adjacent non‐tumor tissues of female LUAD patients to screen proteins uniformly expressed in plasma and tissues. pQTL‐SNPs were then screened through multiple databases and subjected to multilevel screening. The associations between selected pQTL‐SNPs and LUAD risk were evaluated by Female Lung Cancer Consortium in Asia GWAS (FLCCA GWAS). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is used to determine the levels of candidate protein. Results: A total of 7 pQTL‐SNPs were significantly associated with altered LUAD risk (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the expression of their corresponding target proteins were all decreased in both plasma and tumor tissues of LUAD cases, which may play a role of tumor suppressor proteins. After mutation of 3 pQTL‐SNPs (rs7683000, rs73224660, and rs2776937), the expression of corresponding target proteins BST1 and NRP1 decreased, and as potential tumor suppressor proteins, which may promote tumorigenesis and further increasing the risk of developing LUAD (OR >1, p < 0.05); while after mutation the other pQTL‐SNP rs62069916, the corresponding target protein APOH expression was increased, while as a potential tumor suppressor protein, which may inhibit tumorigenesis and further reduced the risk of developing LUAD (OR <1, p < 0.05). In addition, the expression of NRP1 and APOH were significant decreased in LUAD cell lines and validated in plasma of LUAD patients. Conclusion: A total of 4 pQTL‐SNPs (rs7683000, rs73224660, rs2776937, and rs62069916) may associate with altered LUAD risk by regulating the expression of target proteins (BST1, NRP1, and APOH) after mutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]