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Interaction between transcription factors (TFs) and motifs is essential for gene regulation and the subsequent phenotype formation. Soybean (Glycine max) JAGGEED 1 (GmJAG1) is a key TF that controls leaf shape, seed number and flower size. To understand the GmJAG1 binding motifs, in this study, we performed the GmJAG1 DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) experiment, which is a powerful tool for the de novo motif prediction method. Two new significant GmJAG1 binding motifs were predicted and the EMSA experiments further verified the ability of GmJAG1 bound to these motifs. The potential binding sites in the downstream gene promoter were identified through motif scanning and a potential regulatory network mediated by GmJAG1 was constructed. These results served as important genomic resources for further understanding the regulatory mechanism of GmJAG1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The injectable hydrogels can deliver the loads directly to the predetermined sites and form reservoirs to increase the enrichment and retention of the loads in the target areas. The preparation and injection of injectable hydrogels involve the sol–gel transformation of hydrogels, which is affected by factors such as temperature, ions, enzymes, light, mechanics (self‐healing property), and pH. However, tracing the injection, degradation, and drug release from hydrogels based on different ways of gelation is a major concern. To solve this problem, contrast agents are introduced into injectable hydrogels, enabling the hydrogels to be imaged under techniques such as fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and radionuclide imaging. This review details methods for causing the gelation of imageable hydrogels; discusses the application of injectable hydrogels containing contrast agents in various imaging techniques, and finally explores the potential and challenges of imageable hydrogels based on different modes of gelation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Site factors selection and classification of Eucalyptus urophylla X E. grandis plantation were investigated to provide basis for site selection and cultivation of large-diameter timber. [Method] A total of 40 plots of Eucalyptus urophylla X E. grandis at the age of 7.5 years were set up by typical sampling method. Growth (height, diameter at breast height and dominant height), climatic factor (annual sunshine hours) and topographic factors (slope direction, slope, slope position and altitude) were collected, and chemical and physical properties of soil were analyzed. Principal component analysis and quantitative theory I were used to analyze the relationship between site factors and tree growth. Cluster analysis was used to classify the productivity levels and site types. [Result] The quantitative model obtained with selected site factors of slope direction, slope, slope position, altitude, soil nutrient grades, soil texture, soil density and annual sunshine hours had complex correlation coefficient of 0.956, reaching extremely significant level (P<0.01). In the quantitative model, altitude, soil texture, slope direction and annual sunshine hours had extremely significant correlation with dominant height of Eucalyptus urophylla X E. grandis(P<0.01), and total contribution rate of annual sunshine hours, altitude and soil texture to dominant height was 62.75%. According to the quantitative regression model and site factors of survey sites, the predicted values of dominant height of Eucalyptus urophylla XE. grandis were obtained and site productivity levels were divided into 3 groups. The dominant heights were 27.16 m, 24.19 - 25.45 m and 21.77 - 23.40 m, respectively. The site types were divided into 10 types based on annual sunshine hours, altitude and soil texture. Annual sunshine hours and soil clay were significantly different among different yield groups (P<0.05). The longest annual sunshine hours was in high yield group and the shortest was in low yield group. The soil clay in high yield group was higher than that in middle and low yield groups. Altitude in high yield group was significantly lower than that in middle and low yield groups. Soil organic matter, total P, available Mg and available Cu in high yield group were significantly higher than those in middle and low yield groups, and soil available Mn in high yield group was significantly higher than that in low yield group. [Conclusion] The main site factors affecting productivity of Eucalyptus urophylla X E. grandis plantation were annual sunshine hours, altitude and soil texture. Eucalyptus urophylla X E. grandis grew better in site environment with longer annual sunshine hours, lower altitude and higher contents of soil clay, organic matter, total P, available Cu, available Mg and available Mn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a strong interest in finding highly soluble redox compounds to improve the energy density of redox flow batteries (RFBs). However, the performance of electrolytes is often negatively influenced by high solute concentration. Herein, we designed a high-potential (0.5 V vs. Ag/Ag + ) catholyte for RFBs, where the charged and discharged species are both gaseous nitrogen oxides (NO x ). These species can be liberated from the liquid electrolyte and stored in a separate gas container, allowing scale-up of storage capacity without increasing the concentration and volume of the electrolyte. The oxidation of NO in the presence of NO 3 - affords N 2 O 3 , and the reduction of N 2 O 3 regenerates NO and NO 3 - , together affording the electrochemical reaction: NO 3 - +3 NO⇌2 N 2 O 3 +e - with a low mass/charge ratio of 152 grams per mole of stored electron. A proof-of-concept NO x symmetric H-cell shows 200 stable cycles over 400 hours with >97 % Coulombic efficiency and negligible capacity decay., (© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Treatment of a dicopper(I,I) complex with excess amounts of NO leads to the formation of a dicopper dinitrosyl [Cu 2 (NO) 2 ] 2+ complex capable of (i) releasing two equivalents of NO reversibly in 90% yield and (ii) reacting with another equivalent of NO to afford N 2 O and dicopper nitrosyl oxo species [Cu 2 (NO)(O)] 2+ . Resonance Raman characterization of the [Cu 2 (NO) 2 ] 2+ complex shows a 15 N-sensitive N═O stretch at 1527.6 cm -1 and two Cu-N stretches at 390.6 and 414.1 cm -1 , supporting a symmetric diamond-core structure with bis-μ-NO ligands. The conversion of [Cu 2 (NO) 2 ] 2+ to [Cu 2 (NO)O] 2+ occurs via a rate-limiting reaction with NO and bypasses the dicopper oxo intermediate, a mechanism distinct from that of diFe-mediated NO reduction to N 2 O.

A timber-lightweight-concrete (TLC) composite beam connected with a ductile connector in which the ductile connector is made of a stainless-steel bolt anchored with nuts at both ends was proposed. The push-out results and bending performance of the TLC composite specimens were investigated by experimental testing. The push-out results of the shear specimens show that shear-slip curves exhibit good ductility and that their failure can be attributed to bolt buckling accompanied by lightweight concrete cracking. Through the bending tests of ten TLC composite beams and two contrast (pure timber) beams, the effects of different bolt diameters on the strengthening effect of the TLC composite beams were studied. The results show that the TLC composite beams and contrast timber beams break on the timber fiber at the lowest edge of the TLC composite beam, and the failure mode is attributed to bending failure, whereas the bolt connectors and lightweight concrete have no obvious breakage; moreover, the ductile bolt connectors show a good connection performance until the TLC composite beams fail. The ultimate bearing capacities of the TLC composite beams increase 2.03-3.5 times compared to those of the contrast beams, while the mid-span maximum deformation decrease nearly doubled.

One-pot reaction of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN), [Cu I (MeCN) 4 ]PF 6 , and paraformaldehyde affords a mixed-valent [ TREN4 Cu II Cu I Cu I (μ 3 -OH)](PF 6 ) 3 complex. The macrocyclic azacryptand TREN4 contains four TREN motifs, three of which provide a bowl-shape binding pocket for the [Cu 3 (μ 3 -OH)] 3+ core. The fourth TREN caps on top of the tricopper cluster to form a cryptand, imposing conformational constraints and preventing solvent interaction. Contrasting the limited redox capability of synthetic tricopper complexes reported so far, [ TREN4 Cu II Cu I Cu I (μ 3 -OH)](PF 6 ) 3 exhibits several reversible single-electron redox events. The distinct electrochemical behaviors of [ TREN4 Cu II Cu I Cu I (μ 3 -OH)](PF 6 ) 3 and its solvent-exposed analog [ TREN3 Cu II Cu II Cu II (μ 3 -O)](PF 6 ) 4 suggest that isolation of tricopper core in a cryptand enables facile electron transfer, allowing potential application of synthetic tricopper complexes as redox catalysts. Indeed, the fully reduced [ TREN4 Cu I Cu I Cu I (μ 3 -OH)](PF 6 ) 2 can reduce O 2 under acidic conditions. The geometric constraints provided by the cryptand are reminiscent of Nature's multicopper oxidases (MCOs). For the first time, a synthetic tricopper cluster was isolated and fully characterized at Cu I Cu I Cu I ( 4a ), Cu II Cu I Cu I ( 4b ), and Cu II Cu II Cu I ( 4c ) states, providing structural and spectroscopic models for many intermediates in MCOs. Fast electron transfer rates (10 5 to 10 6 M -1 s -1 ) were observed for both Cu I Cu I Cu I /Cu II Cu I Cu I and Cu II Cu I Cu I /Cu II Cu II Cu I redox couples, approaching the rapid electron transfer rates of copper sites in MCO., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)