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BackgroundAs social media posts reflect users’ emotions, WeChat Moments, the most popular social media platform in China, may offer a glimpse into postpartum depression in the population. ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the features of the images that mothers posted on WeChat Moments after childbirth and to explore the correlation between these features and the mothers' risk of postpartum depression. MethodsWe collected the data of 419 mothers after delivery, including their demographics, factors associated with postpartum depression, and images posted on WeChat Moments. Postpartum depression was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Descriptive analyses were performed to assess the following: content of the images, presence of people, the people’s facial expressions, and whether or not memes were posted on WeChat Moments. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the image features associated with postpartum depression. ResultsCompared with pictures of other people, we found that pictures of their children comprised the majority (3909/6887, 56.8%) of the pictures posted by the mothers on WeChat Moments. Among the posts showing facial expressions or memes, more positive than negative emotions were expressed. Women who posted selfies during the postpartum period were more likely to have postpartum depression (P=.003; odds ratio 2.27, 95% CI 1.33-3.87). ConclusionsThe vast majority of mothers posted images conveying positive emotions during the postpartum period, but these images may have masked their depression. New mothers who have posted selfies may be at a higher risk of postpartum depression. Trial RegistrationInternational Clinical Trials Registry Platform ChiCTR-ROC-16009255; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=15699

BackgroundPostpartum depression (PPD) is a serious public health problem. Building a predictive model for PPD using data during pregnancy can facilitate earlier identification and intervention. ObjectiveThe aims of this study are to compare the effects of four different machine learning models using data during pregnancy to predict PPD and explore which factors in the model are the most important for PPD prediction. MethodsInformation on the pregnancy period from a cohort of 508 women, including demographics, social environmental factors, and mental health, was used as predictors in the models. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score within 42 days after delivery was used as the outcome indicator. Using two feature selection methods (expert consultation and random forest-based filter feature selection [FFS-RF]) and two algorithms (support vector machine [SVM] and random forest [RF]), we developed four different machine learning PPD prediction models and compared their prediction effects. ResultsThere was no significant difference in the effectiveness of the two feature selection methods in terms of model prediction performance, but 10 fewer factors were selected with the FFS-RF than with the expert consultation method. The model based on SVM and FFS-RF had the best prediction effects (sensitivity=0.69, area under the curve=0.78). In the feature importance ranking output by the RF algorithm, psychological elasticity, depression during the third trimester, and income level were the most important predictors. ConclusionsIn contrast to the expert consultation method, FFS-RF was important in dimension reduction. When the sample size is small, the SVM algorithm is suitable for predicting PPD. In the prevention of PPD, more attention should be paid to the psychological resilience of mothers.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) to provide a reference for the early diagnosis and timely treatment of DNM. Methods Data on DNM in China was electronically retrieved from the core databases and comprehensively reviewed from June 2012 to June 2023. The infection, pathogenic microorganisms, main symptoms, comorbidities and treatment methods of DNM were analyzed. Results The data of a total of 781 DNM patients, with an average age of (52.97 ± 5.64) years, were retrieved, including 554 males and 227 females. Odontogenic source, tonsillitis, pharyngeal abscess, sialoadenitis, upper respiratory tract infection, foreign body injury, or iatrogenic traumatic procedures are common causes. Among these, odontogenic infection is the most common source. Streptococcus sp. (n = 217) and Staphylococcus sp. (n = 82) were most isolated, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (equally n = 59). A total of 69.4% (542/781) of DNM patients recruited in this study were discovered to have various comorbidities, and more than one-third of these patients (n = 185) had diabetes. Of the broad antibiotics, carbapenem was most frequently used as treatment, and vancomycin was the most frequently coadministered. The mediastinal drainage approach varies widely, and the optimal regimen is still unknown. Seventy-two patients were treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic/mediastinoscopic surgical drainage, 22 patients were treated with percutaneous catheter drainage, 30 underwent the transcervical approach, and 40 underwent thoracotomy. A total of 617 patients who were selected underwent the appropriate combined operation for surgical drainage according to the specific location of the infected focus. The overall mortality rate of all 781 DNM patients included was 11.2%. Conclusion The most effective diagnosis and treatment of DNM is a high degree of clinical vigilance followed by prompt and adequate drainage with intensive care, including hemodynamic monitoring, nutritional support, computer tomographic scanning repeated as necessary, and combined use of systemic antibiotics.

Genomic instability is the primary hallmark of aging. Since DNA damage is one of the core aspects contributing to genomic instability, it has been long recognized as a critical cause of aging. Here, we summarized the interrelationship between DNA repair and aging, the mechanisms underlying how DNA damage contributes to aging, and discussed the possibility and potential risk of delaying aging by targeting DNA damage repair.

Objective To investigate the success rate， complications and influencing factors of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation （ECMO） puncture and catheterization under ultrasound guidance. Methods Clinical cases of veno-arterial ECMO were collected. The success rate and incidence of complications of ultrasound-guided percutaneous catheterization were analyzed. Meantime， gender， age， cardiac function （ejection fraction （EF） < 30%/EF≥30%）， target artery diameter （< 5.0 mm/≥5.0 mm）， success of one-time puncture， hypertension and other variables were included. Univariate and/or multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of the overall success rate and complications of catheterization in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation （ECPR） patients （ECPR group） and non-ECPR patients （non-ECPR group）. Results 65 cases of veno-arterial ECMO were included in the study， with an average age of （49.3±18.2） years. 23 cases were assigned in the ECPR group and 42 cases in the non-ECPR group. The overall success rate of ultrasound-guided ECMO catheterization was 86%， 78% in the ECPR group and 91% in non-ECPR group. 13 cases developed hematoma and 5 cases of distal limb ischemia after puncture.Logistic regression analyses showed that the target artery diameter and the success of one-time puncture were the influencing factors for the success rate of overall puncture and catheterization， and the success of one-time puncture was also the influencing factor for the incidence rate of hematoma （all P < 0.05）. In subgroup analysis， the diameter of target artery was found to be a factor affecting the success rate of puncture and catheterization in the ECPR group （P < 0.05）， whereas no statistically significant factor was found in the non-ECPR group （all P > 0.05）. Conclusions Percutaneous ultrasound-guided ECMO catheterization has a high success rate and safety. For non-ECPR patients and those with target artery diameter of ≥5 mm， percutaneous ultrasound-guided ECMO catheterization is the optimal option. Successful one-time puncture should be guaranteed， which can not only improve the success rate of final puncture and catheterization， but also reduce the incidence of hematoma.