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Medical research reveals that keeping the skin surface dry can effectively prevent a variety of fungal skin diseases. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a light, thin, comfortable and breathable functional garment fabric with efficient one-way water transmission for people's requirements. Here, we successfully prepared a three-layer stacking sandwich coating to construct a Janus nonwoven material with efficient unidirectional water transport function, viz. PDMS-ormosil-PDMS@nonwoven fabric (PDMS-ormosil-PDMS@NF). Theoretical analysis showed that the loading of ormosil particles could enhance the surface roughness, while PDMS could strengthen the hydrophobic properties and bondability between the ormosil particles and fabric, thus acting as an environmentally friendly fluorine-free treating agent. The results revealed that the hydrophilic–hydrophobic PDMS-ormosil-PDMS@nonwoven fabric maintained excellent hydrophobic stability and good air permeability even after abrasion, which solved the existing problems of aerogel poor deposition and PDMS poor permeability, benefiting the application of textiles with unidirectional water transport performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• PMHS-Ink/Ni-P/PET are prepared by using Chinese ink with low-cost and good photothermal properties for photothermal deicing. • PMHS-Ink/Ni-P/PET achieves a fast heating rate with an equilibrium temperature of 72 °C in 80 s. • PMHS-Ink/Ni-P/PET has good anti-icing/icephobic performance with a delayed icing time of 1018 s at −15 °C. • PMHS-Ink/Ni-P/PET has excellent wear resistance and UV resistance, which ensures its long-term using outdoors. The icing phenomenon has caused much inconvenience to people's life. With the continuous progress of technology, it has been found that hydrophobic materials can be used in the anti-icing field, however icing still occurs on hydrophobic surfaces with long-term using in extremely harsh environments. Therefore, materials with anti-icing/icephobic and deicing functionalities have become an innovative strategy. In this paper, photothermal hydrophobic materials with anti-icing/icephobic and photothermal deicing properties are prepared using the photothermal nickel, Chinese ink and polydimethylhydrosiloxane with low surface energy. Due to the synergistic effect of the photothermal nickel nanoparticles and carbon nanoparticles in Chinese ink, the prepared material has a fast temperature rise rate at 1000 W/m2, which can reach the equilibrium temperature of 72 °C within 80 s. The freezing time of water droplets can be delayed to 1018 s at −15 °C, which is 11 times longer than that of nickel-plated materials. The ice on the coating melts rapidly and slides off along the inclined surface under the sunlight, proving that the material has a good photothermal deicing performance. Additionally, the coated surface has excellent wear resistance and UV resistance, which can be used outdoors for a long time. This powerful electroless nickel plating fabric, integrated with anti-icing/icephobic and fast deicing functionality with photothermal and drag reduction effect, provides a new approach to solve the icing problem in outdoor clothing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water pollution has caused serious water shortage, and this trend becomes increasingly serious in the world. Therefore, how to efficiently access water resources is crucial for human beings. Considering the easy blockage problem of traditional fog-harvesting mesh, we used the fog catcher brushes structure to avoid the problem effectively. Besides, most of the modified coatings on fog-harvesting materials contain fluorosilane, which is expensive, harmful and unstable for a long time using. In addition to the general properties of dimethyl silicone oil, hydrogen methyl silicone oil can participate in a variety of chemical reactions and have a good film-forming performance due to its molecular structure containing active Si–H keys compared to the similar studies about the oil-infused coating. Besides, the low contact angle hysteresis of the droplet can benefit for the droplet sliding off the surface, which further improve the fog-harvesting efficiency. In this paper, mechanical cutting method, water bath method, and spray coating method were successfully combined to construct slippery "fog catcher brushes" with alumina micro-needle structured surfaces from micro control to macro design. Furthermore, the effect of wettability, pattern shape and pattern size on fog-harvesting performance were investigated. Experiment results indicated that slippery surface benefited for the fog deposition and transportation compared with the superhydrophilic and plain surface. When the fog droplets passed through the sample with 10-teeth arc-shaped pattern, it would fully contact the surface, and only a small amount of fog droplets escaped from the surface. With the adjacent droplets coalescing, the droplets slided off along both sides of the pattern, then the contact surface decreased gradually from the top to the bottom, so droplets could transport rapidly. Analysis demonstrated that the slippery arc-shaped fog catcher brushes with 10-teeth had a good effect on the capturing and transporting of fog droplets, which offered a way to rationally construct materials with enhanced fog-harvesting performance from micro control to macro design. In this study, bioinspired from the cactus-inspired special geometry structure and nephenthes-inspired slippery surface, the fog catcher brushes have been prepared by the cut method and water bath method. Integrating the macro pattern design with the micro structure control, the fog-harvesting materials with different parameters were fabricated. Results of the fog harvesting performance indicated that the arc shape sample with 10-teeth showed the best fog-harvesting performance after wettability modification. [Display omitted] • Bio-inspired from the cactus special geometry and nephenthes slippery surface. • The fabrication is a simple method combined with the cutting and water bathing process. • PMHS coating has a stable contact angle hysteresis and environment friendly property. • The slippery arc shape sample with small size shows the best fog-harvesting efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract which is mediated by the inappropriate immune responses. This study was aimed to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers for diagnosis of IBD and explore the relationship between the diagnostic biomarkers and infiltrated immune cells. GSE38713, GSE53306, and GSE75214 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were split into training and testing sets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the "limma" package. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were performed by clusterProfiler package. The LASSO regression and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms were conducted to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to evaluate the diagnostic value of the candidate biomarkers. The relationship of the candidate biomarkers and infiltrating immune cells in IBD were evaluated by CIBERSOTR. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to measure the expression level of the biomarkers in IBD. A total of 289 dysregulated genes were identified as DEGs in IBD. These DEGs were significantly enriched in chemokine signaling pathway and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction. RHOU was identified as a critical diagnostic gene in IBD, which was confirmed using ROC curve and qRT-PCR assays. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that RHOU was correlated with macrophages M2, dendritic cells resting, mast cells resting, T cells CD4 memory resting, macrophages M0, and mast cells activated. Our results imply that RHOU may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for IBD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A PNIPAAm hydrogel and PDA/PPy modified 3D raised-fabric was developed for atmospheric water harvesting. • It exhibits high moisture absorption (3.1 g·g−1) and water desorption properties (1.75 kg·m−2·h−1). • The PNIPAAm hydrogel based 3D raised-fabric can be readily fabricated for scalable production. • The collected water is in full compliance with the drinking requirements of WHO and EPA. Atmospheric water harvesting is a promising approach for obtaining freshwater resources, but achieving high levels of light absorption, hygroscopic capacity, and desorption efficiency simultaneously remains a challenge. In this study, we developed an innovative atmospheric water harvester that incorporates a poly(N -isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel and a polydopamine/polypyrrole-modified 3D raised-fabric. The interlacing structure and polydopamine/polypyrrole synergistically enhance the harvester's photothermal conversion capability, while the hydrogel-modified raised-fabric with its increased pore structure and high specific surface area ensures effective contact between the internal adsorbent and external moisture, thereby improving moisture capture and storage capacity. Our results indicate that the hydrogel-modified 3D raised-fabric has excellent photothermal conversion performance, as evidenced by its rapid temperature rise to 75.9 °C under 1 sun light intensity, which effectively promotes water evaporation and harvesting. Furthermore, the 3D raised-fabric exhibits exceptional water absorption (3.1 g g−1, RH 90%) and water desorption (1.75 kg m-2h−1, 1 sun) properties. Overall, the 3D raised-fabric with its integrated photothermal, hygroscopic, and hydrophobic properties can effectively collect water under low humidity conditions, making it a promising solution for water scarcity issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Pd0‐catalyzed four‐component cascade reaction of an aryl halide, CO, an N‐tosylhydrazone, and an amine affording α‐amino ketone has been developed. This reaction involves a sequential carbonylation, metal carbene migratory insertion, and amination. Control experiments and DFT calculations further reveal the reaction sequence and chemoselectivity of individual components in this cascade process. Four‐component cascade in sequence: A Pd0‐catalyzed four‐component cascade reaction of an aryl halide, CO, an N‐tosylhydrazone, and an amine follows a sequence of carbonylation, PdII carbene migratory insertion, and amination, affording α‐amino ketones in a straightforward manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely developed due to the rich porosity, excellent framework structure and multifunctional nature. Meanwhile, a series of MOFs crystals and MOF-based composites have been emerged. However, the widespread applications of MOFs are hindered by challenges such as rigidity, fragility, solution instability, and processing difficulties. In this study, we addressed these limitations by employing an in-situ green growth approach to prepare a zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8@poly (γ-glutamic acid) hydrogel (ZIF-8@γ-PGA) with hierarchical structures. This innovative method effectively resolves the inherent issues associated with MOFs. Furthermore, the ZIF-8@γ-PGA hydrogel is utilized for dye adsorption, demonstrating an impressive maximum adsorption capacity of 1130 ± 1 mg/g for methylene blue (MB). The adsorption behavior exhibits an excellent agreement with both the kinetic model and isotherm. Meanwhile, because the adsorbent raw materials are all green non-toxic materials, multiple applications of materials can also be realized. Significantly, the results of antibacterial experiments showed that the ZIF-8@γ-PGA hydrogel after in-situ growth of ZIF-8 had better antibacterial properties. Thus, the ZIF-8@γ-PGA hydrogel has great potential for development in wound dressings, sustained drug owing to its biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. [Display omitted] • ZIF-8@γ-PGA hydrogel with layered structure was prepared by a simple in-situ growth method. • ZIF-8@γ-PGA hydrogels combine the advantages of MOFs crystals and γ-PGA hydrogel. • ZIF-8@γ-PGA hydrogel has high compressive resistance and breaks at 85 ± 1 % strain. • The maximum adsorption capacity of ZIF-8@γ-PGA hydrogel for MB reached 1130 ± 1 g/g. • ZIF-8@γ-PGA hydrogel showed inhibition up to 24.6 % in S. aureus and 74.2 % in E. coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-temperature particulate matter (PM), commonly produced by daily power generation, industrial smokestacks, and vehicle exhaust emissions, causes a significant risk to public health and environmental sustainability. The current strategy for solving these problems is to utilize adsorption filtration technology. In this work, we successfully constructed a bioinspired honeycomb structured aerogel with nano/micron fiber-reinforced polyimide gradient by using two strategies of fiber-reinforced filler and stepwise directional freezing technique. It overcomes the high shrinkage of polyimide aerogel and exhibits super elastic recovery performance without damage after 100 compression cycles at 50% strain, as well as high flame-retardancy and low thermal conductivity (32.14 mW m−1 K−1). Meanwhile, it shows excellent air filtration efficiency of about 97% and pressure drop of about 90 Pa after 50 cycles, as well as an excellent oil/organic solvent absorption performance and recoverability. In principle, the gradient structure with gradual change shows the "medium pore-small pore" cascade interception effect in the direction of airflow velocity propagation, which successfully achieves the selective and precise interception of polydisperse particles and the stratified accumulation of particles. It further significantly extends the filter service life and provides new insights into the upgrade of new high-temperature filters with significant research implications. [Display omitted] • A gradient polyimide aerogel is constructed by using fiber-reinforced filler and stepwise directional freezing technique. • The fiber-reinforced aerogel shows high mechanical stability and super elastic recovery performance. • It exhibits high flame retardancy and low thermal conductivity (32.14 mW (m K)−1). • The gradient aerogel shows an excellent air filtration efficiency of 97% and pressure drop of about 90 Pa after 50 cycles. • The large-scale preparation of aerogel is feasible due to simple methods and low-cost materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mortalin is involved in the malignant phenotype of many cancers. However, the specific molecular mechanisms involving Mortalin in lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear. In this study, we showed that both Mortalin mRNA and protein are overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, Mortalin overexpression was positively correlated with poor overall survival. In vitro experiments showed that Mortalin silencing inhibited the proliferation, colony formation and migration abilities of A549 and H1299 cells. Mortalin promotes EMT progression, angiogenesis and tumor progression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In vivo experiments further confirmed that Mortalin promoted malignant progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Taken together, our data suggest that Mortalin represents an attractive prognostic marker and therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A vertically oriented porous PVA hydrogel and PDA/CB modified 3D raised-fabric are innovatively designed as an solar evaporator to enhance the evaporation rate, conversion efficiency and self-desalting performance. [Display omitted] • A super water transport PVA hydrogel and PDA/CB modified 3D raised-fabric are innovatively designed as solar evaporators. • It exhibits high water evaporability (1.73 kg m-2h−1, 1 sun) and conversion efficiency (91.9 %). • The 3D raised-fabric solar evaporator system can be readily fabricated for scalable production. • The collected water is in full compliance with the drinking requirements of WHO and EPA. A solar evaporator with simple fabrication process, exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency and dependable continuous water evaporation holds significant potential for seawater desalination and wastewater treatment. Despite the substantial research dedicated to developing high-efficiency solar evaporators, there remains a need for additional exploration to tackle concerns such as salt crystallization, low evaporation efficiency, poor durability and stability. Here, an efficient water transport PVA hydrogel (water transport layer) and polydopamine/carbon black modified 3D raised-fabric (photothermal layer) are innovatively designed as solar evaporators. The synergistic effect between the periodic raised structure and polydopamine/carbon black results in outstanding photothermal conversion capabilities of PDA/CB@RF. Meanwhile, the porous structure of PVA hydrogel and its vertically aligned channels facilitate ion exchange and ensure a consistent water supply to the photothermal layer. This phenomenon serves to prevent the accumulation of salt in the photothermal layer, thereby markedly enhance the water evaporation capability of the PDA/CB@RF evaporator. The results demonstrate that the PDA/CB@RF evaporator system exhibits excellent photothermal conversion performance with its surface temperature rapidly ascending to 73.3 ℃ under 1 sun light intensity, and effectively boost the water evaporation rate (1.73 kg m-2h−1, 1 sun). Furthermore, the PDA/CB@RF evaporator exhibits excellent conversion efficiency (91.9 %) and self-desalting capability. Overall, this solar evaporator system with a 3D raised fabric design integrates light and thermal energy, consistent water evaporation and self-desalting functionalities, which makes it hold the potential to solve the pressing challenge of water shortage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioinspired by the cactus spines, desert beetle, spider silk and the lotus leaf, we designed a hydrophilic/hydrophobic Janus NF/MN material integrating with Cu(OH) 2 micro-needles and embedded PVC bead-on-string nanofibers. The material with high specific surface area enhanced the droplet capture, deposition and transport. Results revealed that the Janus NF/MN material could reduce the secondary water evaporation with a water retention of 92.97% and show the best fog-harvesting efficiency with 80.57 mg·min−1·cm−2. [Display omitted] • The biomimetic hydrophilic/hydrophobic Janus NF/MN material is fabricated by simple chemical etching and electrospinning. • We innovatively used fluorescent labeling for the observation of the fog harvesting performance test. • The NF/MN material with high specific surface area enhances the droplet capture, deposition and transport. • The NF/MN material efficiently reduces the water re-evaporation with a water retention of 92.97%. • The fog harvesting efficiency of the NF/MN material can reach as high as 80.57 mg·min−1·cm−2. Fog harvesting is one of the effective ways to solve the water shortage, especially in poor arid and semi-arid areas. Over the last decade, various fog harvesting materials have been reported continuously, but most of the materials have problems such as the inability to obtain fog from the fog-harvesting surface instantly and the existence of secondary evaporation of the captured fog. Inspired by the asymmetric microgeometry of cactus spines, the alternate hydrophobic/hydrophilic micropattern on the desert beetle back, the spindle-knot of spider silk and the asymmetric wettability of lotus leaf, we successfully designed a quadruple biomimetic Janus composite material with asymmetric microtopology and anisotropic wettability by chemical etching and electrospinning. The material achieves an excellent fog harvesting efficiency with 80.57 mg·min−1·cm−2 through the efficient fog capture and unidirectional droplets transport. Besides, the secondary evaporation of captured water is greatly reduced by the material, and the water retention rate can reach 92.97 % at 25 °C and 72.57 % at 50 °C, which is 8.57 % and 41.49 % higher than the original samples, respectively. We believe it is greatly promising for relieving societal water scarcity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogen is an attractive alternative to fossil fuels that addresses several environmental and energy shortage issues. Nano-sized TiO 2 -based photocatalysts with unique structural and functional properties are the most extensively studied photocatalytic nanomaterials for hydrogen production and pollutant degradation. However, titania is hampered by a wide band gap, low utilization of solar light and a rapid recombination of electron/hole pairs. These issues limit its photocatalytic performance. In this review, we present the latest developments in the fabrication of different higher dimensional TiO 2 nanostructured materials that aim to address these inherent limitations to an otherwise very promising material. Specifically, we will look into critical engineering strategies to enlarge the active surface area, enhance visible light absorption and suppress the recombination of electrons/holes that benefit their photo/photoelectric-catalytic water splitting activity. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives for TiO 2 nanostructures are also discussed. Continuous efforts are necessary to endow TiO 2 -based materials with novel advanced functionality and commercialization potential in the coming years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Hydrogels for atmospheric water harvesting, seawater desalination, and wastewater treatment are reviewed. • Water absorption and desorption mechanism of hydrogels are discussed. • Strategies to improve hydrogel performance are presented. • Challenges and outlooks of hydrogel for water purification are given. Over the past few years, with the development of global industry and the increase of population, the shortage of freshwater resources has prompted people to conduct in-depth research on advanced water treatment and water harvesting technologies. As a polymer material with a three-dimensional network structure, hydrogel has been widely used in water resources harvesting and treatment due to its excellent water absorption, water retention, and adsorption properties. In this review, we first introduced several synthetic routes of hydrogel materials, including chemical cross-linking, physical cross-linking and dual cross-linking, and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of several synthetic methods. Then, we emphasized the water absorption and desorption mechanism of hydrogels and related influencing factors. Next, we described the latest research progress of hydrogel materials in detail as a platform for atmospheric water harvesting, seawater desalination and wastewater treatment in recent years. Finally, we discussed the shortcomings and future orientation of water purification and water treatment systems based on hydrogel materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mild synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted pyrazoles from propargyl hydrazones in the absence of a transition metal catalyst is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: NQO1 (NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase, also known as DT-diaphorase) plays a prominent role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. NQO1 is abnormally elevated in many solid cancer types, including those of the adrenal gland, breast, colon, lung, ovary, and thyroid. However, little is known about the status of NQO1 in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). To investigate the clinicopathological significance of NQO1 expression in GAC, and thus evaluate its role as a potential prognostic marker, 203 cases of primary GAC, 31 of gastric dysplasia, and 53 of adjacent non-tumor tissues were selected for immunohistochemical staining of NQO1 protein. Correlations between NQO1 overexpression and clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated by χ 2 test and Fisher's exact test, while survival rates were calculated by Kaplan–Meier method. The relationship between prognostic factors and patient survival was analyzed by Cox proportional hazards model. Through these analyses it was found that the strongly positive rate of NQO1 protein in GAC was significantly higher than that in gastric dysplasia and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Analysis by qRT-PCR also confirmed that NQO1 mRNA levels were increased in GAC compared with those detected in either adjacent non-tumor tissues or normal gastric mucosa. Additionally, the NQO1 expression rate was positively correlated with tumor size, serosal invasion, tumor stage, and both disease-free survival and 5-year survival rates. Further analysis showed that although NQO1 was not an independent predictor of GAC, elevated expression of NQO1 could predict lower disease-free survival and 5-year survival times in late-stage patients. In conclusion, NQO1 plays an important role in the progression of GAC, and might be a potential, but not an independent, poor prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of GAC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

An efficient and practical methodology has been developed to introduce the CF3group onto quinones through Cu(I)-catalyzed direct C–H trifluoromethylation of quinones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mortalin is a member of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family that promotes the development of many cancers. It is reportedly a tumor promoter, but the mechanism of Mortalin in breast cancer is unclear. We designed a series of experiments to explore the correlation between Mortalin and the malignancy of breast cancer, and to assess the potential of Mortalin as a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer. The expression level of Mortalin in breast cancer tissues was detected. Then, we did a series of functional experiment. The findings indicated that Mortalin facilitates the proliferation, metastasis, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of breast cancer. In our research, Mortalin is regulated EMT process and malignant progression of breast cancer through Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. The findings imply that Mortalin significantly promotes the progression of breast cancer malignancy and reduces patient survival, suggesting that Mortalin as a biomarker and prognostic factor in breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The formation of amino-rich CQDs via PEI polymer was observed by in-situ SAXS. • CQDs-NH 2 were used as only water phase monomer to prepare NF membrane. • The active layer had a granulated surface structure and a thickness of 37 nm. • The membrane broke through trade-off among separation, permeation and stability. To coordinate trade-off among separation, permeation and stability, we prepared an amino-rich carbon quantum dots (CQDs-NH 2) nanofiltration (NF) membrane with a granular surface structure, an ultra-thin active layer and abundant amine groups by double "one-step" methods (synthesizing CQDs-NH 2 by heating of poly-ethylenimine polymer first and then polymerizing trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and CQDs-NH 2). Through the in-situ small angle X-ray scattering, we observed that the radius of CQDs-NH 2 first decreased slightly and then increased significantly with the heating temperature increasing, and the minimum average radius was 4.64 nm. The optimized conditions of 1.6 wt% CQDs-NH 2 solution, 0.2 wt% TMC solution, 60 ℃ curing temperature and 7.5 min curing time were used to prepare polyethersulfone/CQDs-NH 2 -TMC NF membrane, which exhibited the remarkable performance with permeation flux of 11.98 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1 and S Li , M g of 14.42. The original interfacial binding force of polyethersulfone/CQDs-NH 2 -TMC composite membrane was 146.6 μN, which was two times higher than that of polyethersulfone/poly-ethylenimine-TMC composite membrane due to the "anchor effect" and compatibility. Importantly, during a 120-h continuous filtration, the permeate flux and separation performance were still stable with only small fluctuations, same as the interfacial binding force. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• miR-200c overexpression upregulated PAI-2 in TNBC. • miR-200c/PAI-2 increased macrophages. • miR-200c/PAI-2 promotes the progression of TNBC by inducing macrophage polarization. To investigate the effect of miR-200c/PAI-2 on macrophage polarization into M2-type TAMs in TNBC. PAI-2 expression in MDA-MB-231con, MDA-MB-231miR-200ab and MDA-MB-231miR-200c breast cancer cells was evaluated by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence (IF), while the expression of the TAM marker F4/80 and the M2-type TAM marker CD206 in MDA-MB-231con, MDA-MB-231miR-200c and MDA-MB-231miR-200c/siPAI-2 mouse lung metastatic tumor tissues was examined with immunohistochemistry (IHC). The effects of RAW264.7 cells on MDA-MB-231con, MDA-MB-231miR-200c and MDA-MB-231miR-200c/siPAI-2 were examined by transwell co-culture. CD206 expression in RAW264.7 cells were confirmed by immunostaining. The level of PAI-2 and IL-10 in the co-culture supernatants were assessed using ELISA. 1. RT-PCR and IF analysis showed that PAI-2 was upregulated in MDA-MB-231miR-200c cells. 2. IHC assays analysis showed that the numbers of F4/80 and CD206 positive cells were increased in MDA-MB-231miR-200c tumor tissues, while in MDA-MB-231miR-200c/siPAI-2 tumor tissues were decreased. 3. Transwell co-culture assays analysis showed that MDA-MB-231miR-200c cells significantly promoted the cell migration ability compared with the control group, while knockdown PAI-2 significantly inhibited the cell migration ability (P < 0.05). 4. Transwell co-culture and immunostaining assays analysis showed that overexpression miR-200c in MDA-MB-231 cell line increased the CD206 expression in RAW264.7 cells, while knockdown PAI-2 decreased. 5. ELISA assays analysis showed that miR-200c-mediated MDA-MB-231 cells significantly increased the secretion of PAI-2 and IL-10, while decreased the secretion of PAI-2 and IL-10 in MDA-MB-231 miR-200c/siPAI-2 cells. miR-200c promotes the malignant progressions of TNBC by PAI-2 upregulation and M2 phenotype macrophages polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic heterostructures have been demonstrated to be excellent candidates for application in photonic components such as modulators and optical switches, but the controllable fabrication of organic heterostructures remains a considerable challenge due to the lattice mismatch and weak intermolecular forces. In this study, a photochromic strategy is demonstrated to fabricate in‐series organic heterostructures with high controllability and designability by selectively covering a portion of the organic microcrystals. Radiative energy transfer is found in the blue‐green fluorescent 2‐block of the organic heterostructure, which acts as the basic component unit, leading to the unique passive/active mixed waveguide mode. Furthermore, optical waveguides with switchable output light wavelength‐bands can be constructed based on the 3‐block and 5‐block heterostructures. By changing the input ports on the heterostructures, the blue, blue/green, or green wavelength band can be selectively outcoupled, thus indicating the potential of the organic heterostructures to be utilized in future photonic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction efficiency is influenced by the properties of the N-tosylarylhydrazones, with aryl substituents equipped with an electron-donating 4-methoxy or 2-methyl group providing only low or trace amounts of product, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The cytoskeletal organizer ezrin is a member of the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family and plays important roles in not only cell motility, cell adhesion, and apoptosis, but also in various cell signaling pathways. Phosphorylation at Thr-567 and Tyr-353 are key regulatory events in the transition of the dormant to active form of ezrin. This study investigated the prognostic implications of ezrin and phosphorylated ezrin (p-ezrin) expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).Methods: Ezrin and p-ezrin protein expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry in 150 NSCLC and adjacent non-tumor tissues and 14 normal lung tissues. qRT-PCR was used to determine ezrin mRNA expression levels in fresh tissues. The correlations between overexpression of ezrin and p-ezrin and the clinicopathological features of NSCLC were analyzed. The survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method for 108 NSCLC cases.Results: Ezrin and ezrinThr-567 proteins showed cytosolic and membranous staining patterns; however, ezrinTyr-353 protein only showed cytosolic staining. Ezrin and p-ezrin were significantly upregulated in NSCLC compared with the normal counterparts. Increased ezrin, ezrinThr-567, and ezrinTyr-353 levels were correlated with the late stage and poor differentiation of NSCLC. However, only ezrinThr-567 was correlated with the presence of lymph node metastasis. In regard to survival, only ezrinThr-567 was related with the overall survival time of patients with NSCLC, and both ezrin and ezrinThr-567 were associated with shortened survival time for patients with early stage NSCLC.Conclusions: Ezrin and p-ezrin, especially ezrinThr-567, may prove to be useful as a novel prognostic biomarker of NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel method using CuI as the catalyst and the hypervalent iodine reagent (II) as both the CF3-source and the oxidant is developed for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated quinones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]