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Rare‐earth (RE)‐doped laser glasses meet urgent needs in national security and scientific fields, and their optimization has garnered extensive attention. However, the design of these laser glasses often relies excessively on trial‐and‐error experimentation, leading to significant costs and a lack of scientific guidance. Herein, we propose an integrated method that combines structural descriptors determined from molecular dynamics simulations, a self‐constructed luminescent database, and a machine learning algorithm to establish the composition–structure–luminescent property (CSLP) relationship. Using an Nd3+‐doped commercial silicate laser glass system as an example, the effectiveness of this approach has been demonstrated. The developed CSLP model enables highly accurate predictions of spectral properties, achieving a determination coefficient (R2) greater than 0.94, based on eight structural descriptors. The importance of different structural descriptors on spectral characteristics is ranked and thoroughly discussed, revealing an intrinsic relationship between the first and second coordination shells around RE ions and luminescent behaviors. Furthermore, the generic structural descriptors identified in the CSLP model can be extrapolated to other systems involving different network formers (e.g., silicate and phosphate) and modifier cations (e.g., Li, Na, K, Ba, and Ca). This capability facilitates the design of laser glasses tailored to specific targets, such as large emission cross‐sections, extended lifetimes, or reduced quenching effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of microcrystalline glass‐ceramics with high transparency and deep trap energy levels is crucial for the cost‐effective and large‐scale production of scintillators and optical data storage applications. In this study, the incorporation of highly electronegative divalent tin (Sn2+) plays a key role in modulating the network structure of borate glass. This leads to the successful synthesis of SrAl2O4:Eu2+ microcrystalline glass with high transparency, reaching up to 80%, and excellent crystallinity. Additionally, a series of non‐optically active ions with different valence states is co‐doped with Eu2+ to fine‐tune the trap levels of the SrAl2O4 microcrystals. All samples maintain high crystallinity and exhibit good transparency. In particular, the Pb2+ ion co‐doped samples achieve an increased trap energy level of 1.28 eV, significantly enhancing their capacity to capture X‐rays and ultraviolet light. Density functional theory calculations reveal that this enhancement is due to severe lattice distortion caused by Pb2+ ions occupying interstitial sites in SrAl2O4. Utilizing the SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Pb2+ glass‐ceramics materials, X‐ray imaging with a delay of up to 210 s and optical information storage for >60 d is achieved. This study provides valuable insights into the crystal growth and trap modulation of persistent luminescent materials within a three‐dimensional glass network structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distinctive luminescent properties and excellent stability of long persistent luminescent (LPL) glass‐ceramic hold promise for anti‐counterfeiting and encryption applications. However, rational synthesis and a deep understanding of the precipitation of dual‐phase microcrystals in glass substrate to improve the encryption level remain challenging. Here, we carefully designed the components based on the phase diagram and combined them with the glass‐forming region. By utilizing the different crystallization behaviors of SrAl2O4 and CaAl2O4 in the glass matrix to realize dual crystals coexistence in a borate glass matrix, which provides different crystal field environments for Eu2+ luminescence, thus obtaining excitation‐dependent tunable LPL characteristics in a single sample. Mechanism studies unveiled that this excitation‐dependent behavior arises from the differential capture of charge carriers by defect oxygen vacancies in the sample when charged with different laser sources, providing a channel for multimode anti‐counterfeiting encryption. This strategy of constructing a double crystal field in a glass matrix overcomes the stringent requirements of a single heat treatment method for the crystallization temperature of biphasic crystals, which could become a stable and promising advanced anti‐counterfeiting encryption material and provide new insights into the multi‐band luminescence regulation of rare earth ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mn4+‐activated red‐light fluorides are widely used in high‐quality displays, due to the narrow‐spectral emission. However, achieving exceptional chromaticity coordinates and appropriate quantum efficiency (QE) at the same time is a great challenge. Herein, a Li substitution strategy is proposed for enhancing QE and improving the thermal stability of red‐light Mn4+‐activated Cs2NaGaF6 (CNGF). The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of optimal Cs2NaGaF6: Mn4+, Li+ (CNGF: Mn4+, Li+) is improved from 15.79% to 33.61% and thermal stability increases from 68.4% to 85.5% (intensity at 150 °C relative to room temperature). EQE enhancement mechanism on the strategy is explored that Li substitution increases the local structural distortion of Mn4+ for relieving the parity forbidden, and promotes Mn4+ doping in the host lattice, which provides new insights for improving the QE of Mn4+ non‐equivalent doped fluorides. Moreover, with exceptional chromaticity coordinates of (0.7029, 0.2970), optimal sample CNGF: 4.8 mol% Mn4+,0.9 mol% Li+ can be used to fabricate white light‐emitting diode (w‐LED) backlight, which obtains wide color gamut of 110.68% National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) and high luminous efficacy of 110.57 lm W−1, indicating that CNGF: Mn4+, Li+ is a promising candidate for the next generation of wide gamut and efficient displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The etiology of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases is intricate and multifactorial, encompassing complex interactions between genetic predisposition and gut microbiota. The cell fate change, immune function regulation, and microenvironment composition in diseased tissues are governed by microorganisms and mutated genes either independently or through synergistic interactions. A comprehensive understanding of GI disease etiology is imperative for developing precise prevention and treatment strategies. However, the existing models used for studying the microenvironment in GI diseases—whether cancer cell lines or mouse models—exhibit significant limitations, which leads to the prosperity of organoids models. This review first describes the development history of organoids models, followed by a detailed demonstration of organoids application from bench to clinic. As for bench utilization, we present a layer‐by‐layer elucidation of organoid simulation on host–microbial interactions, as well as the application in molecular mechanism analysis. As for clinical adhibition, we provide a generalized interpretation of organoid application in GI disease simulation from inflammatory disorders to malignancy diseases, as well as in GI disease treatment including drug screening, immunotherapy, and microbial‐targeting and screening treatment. This review draws a comprehensive and systematical depiction of organoids models, providing a novel insight into the utilization of organoids models from bench to clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have a high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA), and the gut microbiota is closely related to iron metabolism. We performed metagenomic and metabolomic analyses of stool samples from 558 eligible samples, including IDA CRC patients (IDA, n = 69), non-anemia CRC patients (Non-Anemia, n = 245), and healthy controls (CTRL, n = 244), to explore the dynamically altered gut microbes and their metabolites. Compared with the CTRL group, fecal bacteria in both the IDA group and the Non-Anemia group showed a decrease in alpha diversity and changes in microbial communities. Flavonifractor plautii (F. plautii) increases progressively from CTRL to Non-Anemia to IDA, accompanied by decreased trimethoxyflavanone and a downregulated KO gene, megDIII. In the Non-Anemia group, Parabacteroides showed a specifically elevated abundance positively correlated with enriched 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The intricate correlations among gut microbiota, metabolites, and KO genes were uncovered and highlighted, implicating an aberrant iron metabolism vulnerable to chronic inflammation during the deterioration of the anemic condition. Furthermore, the amount of F. plautii in feces achieved independent and effective prediction performance for the poor outcome of CRC. Perturbed host-microbe interplays represent a novel prospect for explaining the pathogenesis of CRC-associated IDA. The fecal microbial features also reflect the associations between IDA and elevated CRC recurrence risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantitative composition‐structure‐property (C–S–P) relationship analysis is a promising approach to correlate structural features with properties of glasses that have complex structures and lack long‐range order. In this study, the structure and spectroscopic properties of two typical P2O5‐MO‐K2O‐Al2O3 (M = Mg, Ba) quaternary phosphate laser glasses doped with Nd3+ ions are calculated and predicted. By using the nearest‐neighboring congruently melting compounds in the phase diagram as "component and structural motifs", correlations with properties and insights on glass behaviors can be obtained. Two key physical properties and five spectroscopic properties are predicted and verified with an error of less than 5% and 10%, respectively. Furthermore, two C–S–P databases with more than 1000 glass compositions are established for designing and optimizing new laser glasses. The results show that this approach not only gets rid of the traditional qualitative research method which relies on empirical formulas, but also promotes the quantitative calculation and predictable design of glass research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]