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Polygonatum gracile P. Y. Li is a perennial rhizomatous medicinal herb endemic to China with recognized medicinal value. Here, the first complete plastid genome of P. gracile is reported and characterized, and the phylogenetic relationships of P. gracile with other Polygonatum species are clarified by phylogenetic inferences based on complete plastid genome sequences. The complete plastid genome of P. gracile is 155,734 bp in length and exhibits the typical quadripartite circular structure consisting of a large single-copy (LSC, 84,385 bp) region, a small single-copy (SSC, 18,519 bp) region, and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRa/b, 26,415 bp). A total of 112 unique genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes were identified. Seven protein-coding genes, eight tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes were duplicated in the IR regions. Phylogenetic reconstructions indicated that P. gracile belongs to sect. Verticillata and is most closely related to P. zanlanscianense Pamp. This study provides a basis for further phylogenetic reconstructions, conservation and utilization of Polygonatum species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the problems as the low query efficiency in the process of resource searching and the high network maintenance cost, in order to achieve the fast query of cloud resources in cloud computing, this paper presented a cloud resources search algorithm based on structured peer-to-peer networks to achieve the fast query of cloud resources in cloud computing for fast and efficient positioning for query cloud resources. Firstly, it designed a new kind of super-peer topology ad routing algorithm based on hierarchy, and encoded each node in the network topology uniquely. It constructed bivariate set of routing information indexing list, ad designed the corresponding routing algorithm. Then gave the query efficiency and stability analysis of this algorithm. The simulation results show that the presented algorithm has the higher efficiency, and with the increase of network scale, the query path length tends to be stable, and for the super node failure brought by network maintenance cost is low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polygonatum gracile P. Y. Li is a perennial rhizomatous medicinal herb endemic to China with recognized medicinal value. Here, the first complete plastid genome of P. gracile is reported and characterized, and the phylogenetic relationships of P. gracile with other Polygonatum species are clarified by phylogenetic inferences based on complete plastid genome sequences. The complete plastid genome of P. gracile is 155,734 bp in length and exhibits the typical quadripartite circular structure consisting of a large single-copy (LSC, 84,385 bp) region, a small single-copy (SSC, 18,519 bp) region, and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRa/b, 26,415 bp). A total of 112 unique genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes were identified. Seven protein-coding genes, eight tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes were duplicated in the IR regions. Phylogenetic reconstructions indicated that P. gracile belongs to sect. Verticillata and is most closely related to P. zanlanscianense Pamp. This study provides a basis for further phylogenetic reconstructions, conservation and utilization of Polygonatum species., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Background: Yishen-Tongbi Decoction (YSTB), a traditional Chinese prescription, has been used to improve syndromes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for many years. Previous research has shown that YSTB has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of the anti-RA effects of YSTB remains unclear., Purpose and Study Design: The purpose of this research was to investigate how YSTB affected mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and RAW264.7 cells induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)., Results: The findings show that YSTB could significantly improve the clinical arthritic symptoms of CIA mice (mitigate paw swelling, arthritis score, thymus and spleen indices, augment body weight), downregulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and IL-17, while upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory like IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Meanwhile, YSTB inhibits bone erosion and reduces inflammatory cell infiltration, synovial proliferation, and joint destruction in CIA mice. In addition, we found that YSTB was able to suppress the LPS-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells, which was ascribed to the suppression of nitric oxide (NO) production and reactive oxygen species formation (ROS). YSTB also inhibited the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase and reduced the releases of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, the phosphorylation expression of JAK2, JAK3, STAT3, p38, ERK and p65 protein could be suppressed by YSTB, while the expression of SOCS3 could be activated., Conclusion: Taken together, YSTB possesses anti-inflammatory and prevention bone destruction effects in RA disease by regulating the JAK/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling pathway., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Xu, Jiao, Wu, Yu, Liu, Zhang and Chen.)

Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays an essential role in eukaryotic protein cycle,the dysregulation of which can lead to tumorigenesis.Increased activities of UPS have been observed in the patients with cancers including leukemia.UPS inhibitors can kill cancer cells by affecting ubiquitin-ligating enzyme E3,deubiquitinase,and protein degradation active sites of UPS.Therefore,UPS inhibitors have emerged as an important therapy for treating hematological malignancies,while they are rarely applied in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.This paper summarizes the research progress in the inhibitors affecting the protein ubiquitination at different stages of acute myeloid leukemia,aiming to provide new clues for the clinical treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

S100A8 has been increasingly recognized as a biomarker in multiple solid tumors and has played pivotal roles in hematological malignancies. S100A8 is potentially an indicator for poor survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in retrospective studies. However, the mechanisms of S100A8 are diverse in cancers. In this study, we investigated the correlation of S100A8 at the transcription level with clinical parameters in 91 de novo AML patients and explored its mechanisms of chemoresistance to etoposide in vitro. The transcription level of S100A8 was significantly lower at initial and relapse stages of AML samples than at complete remission (P<0.001) and than in the control group (P=0.0078), while no significant difference could be found between initial and relapse stages (P=0.257). Patients with high transcription levels of S100A8 exhibited a shorter overall survival (P=0.0012). HL-60 cells transfected with S100A8 showed resistance to etoposide with a higher level IC50 value and lower apoptosis rate compared with HL-60 cells transfected with empty vector. Thirty-six genes were significantly downregulated and 12 genes were significantly upregulated in S100A8 overexpression group compared with control group in which 360 genes involved in apoptotic genes array were performed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Among them, the caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax were verified by Western blot analysis which indicated that the role of S100A8 in resistance to chemotherapy was closely related with antiapoptosis. In conclusion, critical S100A8 provided useful clinical information in predicting the outcome of AML. The main mechanism of S100A8 which promoted chemoresistance was antiapoptosis.