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This paper studies the bearing-based time-varying formation control problem for unicycle-type agents without bearing rigidity conditions. In the considered problem, only a small set of agents, named as anchors, can obtain their global positions, and the other agents only have access to the bearing information relative to their neighbors. To address the problem, we propose a novel scheme integrating the distributed localization algorithm and the observer-based formation tracking controller. The designed localization algorithm estimates the global position by using inter-agent bearing measurements, and the observer-based controller tracks the desired formation with the estimated positions. A key distinction of our approach is extending the localization-and-tracking control scheme to the bearing-based coordination of nonholonomic systems, where the desired inter-agent bearings can be time-varying, instead of the constant ones assumed in most of the existing researches. The asymptotic stability of the coupled localization-and-tracking control system is proved, and simulations are carried out to validate the theoretical analysis., Comment: Submitted to the 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

The recent report of near-ambient superconductivity in nitrogen doped lutetium hydride has triggered a worldwide fanaticism and raised major questions about the latest claims. An intriguing phenomenon of color changes in pressurized samples from blue to pink to red was observed and correlated with the claimed superconducting transition, but the origin and underlying physics of these color changes have yet to be elucidated. Here we report synthesis and characterization of high-purity nitrogen doped lutetium hydride LuH$_{2\pm\text{x}}$N$_y$ with the same structure and composition as in the main phase of near-ambient superconductor1. We find a new purple phase of LuH$_{2\pm\text{x}}$N$_y$ between blue and pink phase, and reveal that the sample color changes likely stem from pressure-driven redistribution of nitrogen and its interaction with the LuH$_2$ framework. No superconducting transition is found in all blue, purple, pink and red phases at temperatures 1.8-300 K and pressures 0-30 GPa. Instead, we identify a notable temperature-induced resistance anomaly of structural and/or electronic origin in LuH$_{2\pm\text{x}}$N$_y$, which is most pronounced in the pink phase and may have been erroneously interpreted as a sign of superconducting transition. This work establishes key benchmarks for nitrogen doped lutetium hydrides, allowing an in-depth understanding of the novel pressure-induced phase changes., Comment: 17 pages and 5 figures in the main text. 9 pages and 12 figures in the Supplementary Material. Any valuable comments and suggestions are warmly welcomed

This paper systematically studies the cooperative area coverage and target tracking problem of multiple-unmanned aerial vehicles (multi-UAVs). The problem is solved by decomposing into three sub-problems: information fusion, task assignment, and multi-UAV behavior decision-making. Specifically, in the information fusion process, we use the maximum consistency protocol to update the joint estimation states of multi-targets (JESMT) and the area detection information. The area detection information is represented by the equivalent visiting time map (EVTM), which is built based on the detection probability and the actual visiting time of the area. Then, we model the task assignment problem of multi-UAV searching and tracking multi-targets as a network flow model with upper and lower flow bounds. An algorithm named task assignment minimum-cost maximum-flow (TAMM) is proposed. Cooperative behavior decision-making uses Fisher information as the mission reward to obtain the optimal tracking action of the UAV. Furthermore, a coverage behavior decision-making algorithm based on the anti-flocking method is designed for those UAVs assigned the coverage task. Finally, a distributed multi-UAV cooperative area coverage and target tracking algorithm is designed, which integrates information fusion, task assignment, and behavioral decision-making. Numerical and hardware-in-the-loop simulation results show that the proposed method can achieve persistent area coverage and cooperative target tracking.