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The photo‐isomerization of the photolipid azo‐PC, a derivative of phosphatidylcholine containing an azobenzene group in its sn2 acyl chain, enables optical control over key properties of supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), such as membrane fluidity and bilayer thickness. However, azobenzenes are well‐known for their interaction with various dyes through photo‐modulation and ‐sensitization pathways, presenting a challenge in bilayer characterization by fluorescence microscopy. Label‐free tools capable of monitoring the switching process of photolipid SLBs at the nanoscale are therefore highly desired. In this study, the use of dark field scattering spectroscopy on gold nanorods as a highly sensitive approach is demonstrated for analyzing the reversible photo‐isomerization dynamics of photolipid SLBs in real time at the single particle level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suillus bovinus is a wild edible ectomycorrhizal fungus with important economic and ecological value, which often forms an ectomycorrhiza with pine trees. We know little about the mechanisms associated with the metabolism and symbiosis of S. bovinus and its effects on the nutritional value. In this study, the whole-genome sequencing of S. bovinus was performed using Illumina, HiFi, and Hi-C technologies, and the sequencing data were subjected to genome assembly, gene prediction, and functional annotation to obtain a high-quality chromosome-level genome of S. bovinus. The final assembly of the S. bovinus genome includes 12 chromosomes, with a total length of 43.03 Mb, a GC content of 46.58%, and a contig N50 size of 3.78 Mb. A total of 11,199 coding protein sequences were predicted from genome annotation. The S. bovinus genome contains a large number of small secreted proteins (SSPs) and genes that encode enzymes related to carbohydrates, as well as genes related to terpenoids, auxin, and lipochitooligosaccharides. These genes may contribute to symbiotic processes. The whole-genome sequencing and genetic information provide a theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of the mycorrhizal symbiosis of S. bovinus and can serve as a reference for comparative genomics of ectomycorrhizal fungi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-precision spatial-temporal wind power prediction technology is of great significance for ensuring the safe and stable operation of power grids. The development of artificial intelligence technology provides a new scheme for modeling with strong spatial-temporal correlation. In addition, the existing prediction models are mostly 'black box' models, lacking interpretability, which may lead to a lack of trust in the model by power grid dispatchers. Therefore, improving the model to obtain interpretability has become an important challenge. In this paper, an interpretable short-term wind power prediction model based on ensemble deep graph neural network is designed. Firstly, the graph network model (GNN) with an attention mechanism is applied to the aggregate and the spatial-temporal features of wind power data are extracted, and the interpretable ability is obtained. Then, the long short-term memory (LSTM) method is used to process the extracted features and establish a wind power prediction model. Finally, the random sampling algorithm is used to optimize the hyperparameters to improve the learning rate and performance of the model. Through multiple comparative experiments and a case analysis, the results show that the proposed model has a higher prediction accuracy than other traditional models and obtains reasonable interpretability in time and space dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperspectral Unmixing (HU), which involves decomposing mixed pixels in hyperspectral images into endmembers and abundance fractions, plays a critical role in spectral analysis. Recent advancements in deep learning methods have shown successful applications in hyperspectral analysis. This paper proposes an end-to-end network structure that combines a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). The 3D-CNN extracts high-level features from both spatial and spectral neighbourhoods of hyperspectral image patches, while the MLP maps these abstracted features to abundance fractions. Considering the challenge of acquiring manual labels, we adopt a Semi-Supervised learning approach that leverages unlabelled data to enhance training. We divide our training data into labelled and unlabelled subsets, defining distinct loss functions for each. Additionally, we introduce a neighbourhood similarity constraint to fully exploit spatial context information. To address scenarios where no labelled data is available, we employ Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to generate synthetic labelled samples. Experimental evaluations conducted on both synthetic and real datasets validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, which outperforms several commonly used and state-of-the-art HU methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Lung cancer (LC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant neoplasms globally. As a Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Herba Epimedii has been commonly used for treating LC. However, the specific mechanism of LC remains to be elucidated. Objectives: This research aimed to explore the mechanisms of Herba Epimedii in treating LC according to molecular docking and network pharmacology. Materials and Methods: The active components (ACs) and targets of Herba Epimedii were screened through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. LC targets were retrieved from GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. Cytoscape v3.9.0 was employed to construct a "drug-component-disease-target" network. The STRING database and Cytoscape 3.9.0 software were utilized to establish a PPI network. The DAVID database was used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. The AutoDock software was employed for molecular docking verification, and the Pymol software was applied for visual processing. Results: Herba Epimedii acted on 108 LC treatment targets through 22 ACs. Five core components were screened, including quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, anhydroicaritin, and 8-isopentenyl-kaempferol, while 12 core targets were screened, including TP53, AKT1, MYC, CASP3, ESR1, JUN, HIF1A, VEGFA, TNF, CCND1, EGFR, and IL-6. GO enrichment analysis mainly involved positive regulation of gene expression, positive regulation of the apoptotic process, enzyme binding, identical protein binding, macromolecular complex, nucleoplasm, etc. KEGG enrichment analysis mainly involved p53, interleukin-17, PI3K-Akt, and other signaling pathways. Five core components all demonstrated excellent binding activities with the core targets. Conclusion: The mechanisms of Herba Epimedii in LC treatment may involve multiple components, targets, and pathways, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of LC cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing number of astronauts entering microgravity environments for long-term space missions has resulted in serious health problems, including accidental injury and trauma. Skin, as the largest organ and outermost layer of the human body, has the ability to self-renew and withstand a variety of harmful biological and environmental influences. Recent spaceflight experiments and simulated studies have begun to concern the effects of microgravity on the growth of skin cells and the process of cutaneous wound healing. However, the mechanisms of the adverse effects of microgravity on skin cells and potential intervention measures are still limited. Stem cells and their exosomes provide unique opportunities for the cutaneous wound healing as they have been used to improve skin repair. This review discusses the effects of microgravity on wound healing, from cell morphological changes to molecular level alterations. Furthermore, the current research on wound healing treatment utilizing stem cells and their exosomes on the ground is summarized. Finally, this review proposes promising therapeutic strategies using stem cells or exosomes for wound healing in the microgravity environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite, is produced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from dying or stressed cells and is found at high levels in the tumor microenvironment of most solid tumors. It mediates pro-tumor activities by inducing tumor cell proliferation, migration or invasion, tumor tissue angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. In addition, adenosine plays an important role in regulating anti-tumor immune responses and facilitating tumor immune escape. Adenosine receptors are broadly expressed by tumor-infiltrated immune cells, including suppressive tumor-associated macrophages and CD4+ regulatory T cells, as well as effector CD4+ T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Therefore, adenosine is indispensable in down-regulating anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment and contributes to tumor progression. This review describes the current progress on the role of adenosine/adenosine receptor pathway in regulating the tumor-infiltrating immune cells that contribute to tumor immune evasion and aims to provide insights into adenosine-targeted tumor immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the antioxidant activity of Elaeagnus umbellata polysaccharides, the physicochemical characteristics of purified Elaeagnus umbellata polysaccharides (EUP, consisting of two fractions, EUP1 and EUP2) were investigated using UV spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). This revealed that EUP1 and EUP2 were acidic polysaccharides with an average molecular weight (MW) of 63 and 38 kDa, respectively. EUP1 mainly consisted of L-rhamnose and D-galactose in a molar ratio of 2.05:1, and EUP2 consisted of D-mannose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose, and D-arabinose in a molar ratio of 2.06:1:2.78:1. Furthermore, EUP exhibited considerable antioxidant potential for scavenging hydroxyl, superoxide anion, DPPH, and ABTS radicals. Therefore, EUP can be developed as a potential antioxidant for the functional food or pharmaceutical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Penetration resistance and corrosion mechanism of a novel chemical-mineralogical gradient submicron-porous corundum-spinel composite (A90) to converter slag were investigated and compared to its dense corundum counterpart. Slag-penetration resistance of A90, due to its special submicron-pore structure, is superior to that of the corundum counterpart. Gradient Al 2 O 3 -rich spinels pre-embedded on the inner-surfaces of the pores are essential for making the slag deficient in Fe2+ and Fe3+ and CaO-rich. The resultant CaO-rich slag reacted with the corundum matrix of A90, building up a continuous dense layer composed of tightly interlocked highly refractory tabular CaA1 12 O 19 and thus suppressing the further slag penetration and corrosion. Due to the lack of MgO in the corundum/molten-slag reaction system, large amounts of low melting iron oxides still remained in the liquid slag, making it much less viscous, so it could penetrate readily the corundum substrate via the grain boundaries in it at the test temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quiescent cancer cells are major impediments to effective radiotherapy (RT) and exhibit limited sensitivity to traditional photon therapy. Herein, the functional role and underlying mechanism of carbon ions in overcoming the radioresistance of quiescent cervical cancer HeLa cells were determined. Briefly, serum withdrawal was used to induce synchronized quiescence in HeLa cells. Quiescent HeLa cells displayed strong radioresistance and DNA repair potential. After irradiation with carbon ions, the DNA damage repair pathway may markedly rely on error‐prone nonhomologous end‐joining in proliferating cells, whereas the high‐precision homologous recombination pathway is more relevant in quiescent cells. This phenomenon could be explained by the ionizing radiation (IR)‐induced cell cycle re‐entry of quiescent cancer cells. There are three strategies for eradicating quiescent cancer cells using high‐linear energy transfer (LET) carbon ions: direct cell death through complex DNA damage; apoptosis via an enhanced mitochondria‐mediated intrinsic pathway; forced re‐entry of quiescent cancer cells into the cell cycle, thereby improving their susceptibility to IR. Silencing β‐catenin signaling is essential for maintaining the dormant state in quiescent cells. Herein, carbon ions activated the β‐catenin pathway in quiescent cells, and inhibition of this pathway improved the resistance of quiescent HeLa cells to carbon ions by alleviating DNA damage, improving DNA damage repair, maintaining quiescent depth, and inhibiting apoptosis. Collectively, carbon ions conquer the radioresistance of quiescent HeLa cells by activating β‐catenin signaling, which provides a theoretical basis for improved therapeutic effects in patients with middle‐advanced‐stage cervical cancer with radioresistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Active air spring suspensions can improve the vehicle ride comfort and meanwhile realize the vehicle height regulation, and therefore, they have been widely used and studied. However, to achieve better ride comfort and a satisfactory vehicle body height adjustment, the active air suspension controller becomes an indispensable and significant part of the system. Since the nonlinear suspension system possesses uncertainties, it is difficult to take into account both ride comfort and height regulation. This study innovatively proposes an adaptive control algorithm to specifically address the problem of vehicle height regulation and ride comfort for nonlinear active air suspension systems with uncertainties. The accurate tracking to reference vehicle body height curves is realized, and the ride comfort is also improved. Through simulations with two scenarios, it is illustrated that the active air suspension controller owns better control effectiveness than the PID controller. Compared with the PID controller, the designed controller can track the reference vehicle body height curves faster and more accurately. The result also verifies the priority of the designed controller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that each non‐hyperbolic ergodic measure of a partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism on T3${\mathbb {T}}^3$ which is homotopic to Anosov admits a full measure subset which intersects each center leaf in at most two points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) with 75-mm diameter is used to conduct dynamic impact compression tests on different strength grades of basic magnesium sulfate cement-coral aggregate concrete (BMSC-CAC). The failure process of BMSC-CAC under dynamic impact compression is simulated using the finite element software LS-DYNA and a three-dimensional random aggregate mesoscopic model. The results show that BMSC-CAC has a significant strain rate effect, and the dynamic impact strength increases as the strain rate increases. Because of the high toughness of BMSC, BMSC-CAC has higher energy absorption than coral aggregate seawater concrete (CASC) and sisal fiber coral aggregate seawater concrete (SFCASC). The LS-DYNA software is used for the numerical simulation of the mesoscale dynamic impact compression. The relative error of the peak stress and strain between the test and simulation results is small. Analysis of the failure process indicates that the damage extent of the aggregate increases, and the failure time decreases with an increase in the strain rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Galectin-3 is a new cytokine that is mainly secreted by activated macrophages. It is involved in apoptosis, inflammation and may play a role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is little information about the association between circulating galectin-3 and subclinical atherosclerosis in humans. Methods and results: We measured serum galectin-3 in 483 obese adult subjects (aged 40 years and over) who had the measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) recruited from the community. Adults with lower levels of circulating galectin-3 had increased CIMT (p < 0.05). In multivariable linear regression analyses, circulating galectin-3 was independently associated with CIMT. The risks of increased CIMT were significantly decreased by 65.1% (OR (95% CI): 0.349 (0.165–0.739)), adjusting for possible confounding factors. Notably, individuals in the lowest quartile of serum galectin-3 were 1.80 times (p < 0.05) more likely to have increased CIMT than those in the highest quartile in multivariable logistic regression analyses; however, such associations with circulating galectin-3 were not noted for carotid plague. Conclusions: These findings propose that circulating galectin-3 concentrations are inversely associated with increased CIMT in obese adults, which may be a potential biomarker of CVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate prediction of wind power is of great significance to the stable operation of the power system and the vigorous development of the wind power industry. In order to further improve the accuracy of ultra-short-term wind power forecasting, an ultra-short-term wind power forecasting method based on the CGAN-CNN-LSTM algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN) is used to fill in the missing segments of the data set. Then, the convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to extract the eigenvalues of the data, combined with the long short-term memory network (LSTM) to jointly construct a feature extraction module, and add an attention mechanism after the LSTM to assign weights to features, accelerate model convergence, and construct an ultra-short-term wind power forecasting model combined with the CGAN-CNN-LSTM. Finally, the position and function of each sensor in the Sole du Moulin Vieux wind farm in France is introduced. Then, using the sensor observation data of the wind farm as a test set, the CGAN-CNN-LSTM model was compared with the CNN-LSTM, LSTM, and SVM to verify the feasibility. At the same time, in order to prove the universality of this model and the ability of the CGAN, the model of the CNN-LSTM combined with the linear interpolation method is used for a controlled experiment with a data set of a wind farm in China. The final test results prove that the CGAN-CNN-LSTM model is not only more accurate in prediction results, but also applicable to a wide range of regions and has good value for the development of wind power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses how to deal with the greyness problem in the system from the perspective of "result". Aiming at the greyness problem of the traditional grey relational analysis result, an information fusion grey relational analysis method based on D-S evidence theory and multi solution information fusion is proposed, which mends the traditional grey relational analysis method. The results show that the method proposed in the study has better effect than the traditional grey relational analysis method, and has higher accuracy in the wear particle identification, which indicates that it can further expand the application scope of the grey relational analysis method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wind power interval prediction of offshore wind farms and power plan arrangement of conventional thermal power units are of vital importance in the consumption of offshore wind power, the reduction of greenhouse gas impact on the environment, and the electric power system safe and economic operating. With the purpose of selecting the appropriate Copula function on the basis of the results of wind speed and wind power normal test, establish the mathematical model of wind-fire joint optimal scheduling, and optimize coal-fired power units power generation after comparing the convergence performance of particle swarm optimization method and crow search algorithm. Results indicate that the selected Copula function meets the expected criteria, and the optimized thermal unit climbs more smoothly and through the optimization of CSA the complete economic consumption of running is lessened. An idea is presented by this paper, which considers the uncertainties of offshore wind power generation, and the basis for the operational performance of CSA over PSO, and which provides a joint wind-thermal economic optimal dispatch strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A theoretical model for describing the heat transfer characteristics of a turbine-based combined cycle (TBCC) engine cabin was established in Matlab/Simulink to quickly predict the thermal protection performance for engine accessories. The model's effectiveness was verified by comparing the numerical results with the experimental data. The effects of different heat insulation layer thicknesses and fuel temperatures on the thermal protection performance are discussed; based on these effects, the heat insulation layer of 5 mm and fuel of 353 K were chosen to design the thermal protection cases. Nineteen different thermal protection cases were proposed and evaluated by using the model. Two representative accessories were chosen for the evaluation of the thermal protection performance of these cases. For accessory 1 with an internal heat source of 1000 W and internal fuel access, the thermal protection effect of adding a heat insulation layer and ventilation was the best, which decreased the accessory temperature by 43 K. For accessory 2 without an internal heat source, the thermal protection effect of adding a heat insulation layer to the casing and fuel cooling was the most ideal, which decreased the accessory temperature by 190 K. In addition, a comprehensive assessment was made to compare the performances of thermal protection cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a method for rationally allocating energy storage capacity in a high-permeability distribution network is proposed. By constructing a bi-level programming model, the optimal capacity of energy storage connected to the distribution network is allocated by considering the operating cost, load fluctuation, and battery charging and discharging strategy. By constructing four scenarios with energy storage in the distribution network with a photovoltaic permeability of 29%, it was found that the bi-level decision-making model proposed in this paper saves 2346.66 yuan and 2055.05 yuan, respectively, in daily operation cost compared to the scenario without energy storage and the scenario with single-layer energy storage. After accessing IEEE-33 nodes for simulation verification, it was found that the bi-level decision-making model proposed in this paper has a good inhibition effect on voltage fluctuation and load fluctuation after energy storage configuration. In addition, this paper analyzes the energy storage that can be accessed by photovoltaic distribution networks with different permeability and finds that when photovoltaic permeability reaches 45% and corresponding energy storage is configured, the economic and energy storage benefits of the system are the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, Shanghai has entered a stage of microscale land subsidence, but the uneven subsidence is still significant, with long-term impacts on the operational safety of subways and other infrastructures. On the basis of 154 high-resolution Terra Synthetic Aperture Radar-X (TerraSAR-X) images captured from 2013 to 2020 and the time-series persistent scatterer-interferometric SAR (PS-InSAR) method, the land subsidence along the subways in Shanghai was acquired, and the levelling data of 56 benchmarks were used to validate the measurements derived by PS-InSAR. The results indicated that the two data sets agreed well, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9 and maximum D-value of 4.0 mm derived from six pairs of comparative data sequences. The proportion of PS points showing deformation rates between −3.0 mm/a and 3.0 mm/a reached 99.4%. These results indicated that the land subsidence trend along the subway was relatively stable overall, while significant deformation was distributed mainly along the suburban subways, especially the lines that were newly open to traffic, such as Line 5 and the Pujiang line (PJ Line); along these lines, the proportions of PS points with deformation rates exceeding ±3 mm/a were 7.2% and 7.6%, respectively, and the proportions were much smaller in the other lines. The maximum cumulative deformation (MCD) along the subways was located between Jiangchuan Road Station and Xidu Station of Line 5 with a value of −66.4 mm, while the second and third MCDs were −48.2 mm along Line 16 and −44.5 mm along PJ Line, respectively. Engineering constructions, such as human-induced ground loads, foundation pit constructions, and road constructions, were the main factors affecting local land subsidence. The analysis results also showed that land subsidence was relatively significant during the period before the subways were open to traffic due to subway construction, while land subsidence clearly slowed after the subway lines were open to traffic. This deceleration in land subsidence was closely related to the rise in the groundwater level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to assess the gait adjustment techniques of limbs on different slopes and investigate the relationship between forelimb and hindlimb kinetics and the center of mass (COM) during the uphill movement of a specific Boer goat using a pressure-sensitive walkway (PSW). During the uphill and downhill movements at a comfortable walking speed, we measured the ground reaction force (GRF) of the forelimbs and hindlimbs on the slope, the change in the included angle of the propulsive force direction of the forelimbs and hindlimbs, and the impulse relationship between GRF and propulsive force. According to the study, since the forelimbs of the goat were nearer the COM, they were primarily adjusted during the movement on the slope. By lowering the initial included angle of the propulsive force and the angle variation range, the forelimbs and hindlimbs could walk steadily. The forelimbs and hindlimbs exhibited completely different adjustment strategies during uphill and downhill movements. In particular, the forelimbs performed braking and the hindlimbs performed driving. In addition, we discovered that the goat altered its adjustment strategy when climbing the steep slope. All findings of this study indicate the need to understand the gait adjustment mode of the Boer goat during movement on the slope to thoroughly comprehend the driving strategy of quadrupeds with the ability to walk on specialized terrains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Ergodic optimization, one wants to find ergodic measures to maximize or minimize the integral of given continuous functions. This has been succefully studied for uniformly hyperbolic systems for generic continuous functions by Bousch and Brémon. In this paper, we show that for several interesting systems beyond uniform hyperbolicity, any generic continuous function has a unique maximizing measure with zero entropy. In some cases, we also know that the maximizing measure has full support. These interesting systems include singular hyperbolic attractors, C ∞ surface diffeomorphisms and diffeomorphisms away from homoclinic tangencies.We try to give a uniform mechanism for these non-hyperbolic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suillus luteus is an edible ectomycorrhizal fungus (EMF). The S. luteus strain LS88 secretes many phytohormones, including salicylic acid (SA) and indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA). LS88 was inoculated to the tree Pinus massoniana and treated with the amino acid fertilizer GGR6. Plant growth parameters, plant enzyme activities, chlorophyll contents, and element contents were analyzed. Our results show that GGR6 may help the development of S. luteus-P. massoniana ectomycorrhiza. Moreover, LS88 and GGR6 synergistically affect P. massoniana growth and element uptake. Phytohormone detection on the roots of LS88-inoculated P. massoniana seedlings showed that LS88 could significantly increase the ICA content within a week. The SA content in the roots in the inoculated group seedlings increased slightly, but the salicylic acid 2-O-β-glucoside (SAG) content decreased. Therefore, we speculate GGR6 may enhance the growth-promoting effect of EMF on plants, and LS88 affects P. massoniana growth through secreting phytohormones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperspectral unmixing decomposes the observed mixed spectra into a collection of constituent pure material signatures and the associated fractional abundances. Because of the universal modeling ability of neural networks, deep learning (DL) techniques are gaining prominence in solving hyperspectral analysis tasks. The autoencoder (AE) network has been extensively investigated in linear blind source unmixing. However, the linear mixing model (LMM) may fail to provide good unmixing performance when the nonlinear mixing effects are nonnegligible in complex scenarios. Considering the limitations of LMM, we propose an unsupervised nonlinear spectral unmixing method, based on autoencoder architecture. Firstly, a deep neural network is employed as the encoder to extract the low-dimension feature of the mixed pixel. Then, the generalized bilinear model (GBM) is used to design the decoder, which has a linear mixing part and a nonlinear mixing one. The coefficient of the bilinear mixing part can be adjusted by a set of learnable parameters, which makes the method perform well on both nonlinear and linear data. Finally, some regular terms are imposed on the loss function and an alternating update strategy is utilized to train the network. Experimental results on synthetic and real datasets verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and show very competitive performance compared with several existing algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an experimental and numerical study on the dynamic splitting tensile properties of ceramic aggregate concrete (CAC) that is composed of ceramic aggregates and mortar matrix. The maximum ceramic aggregate diameter includes 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 cm. A series of split‐tension tests of CAC specimens were conducted first. Parametric studies such as the effects of aggregate size and strain rate, on the splitting tensile behaviors of CAC were presented in terms of tensile strength, stress–strain curve, failure patterns, and so on. Subsequently, we developed a three‐dimensional two‐phase mesoscale model for CAC, where the random distribution and size characteristics of ceramic aggregates in concrete were fully considered. Employing the developed mesoscopic model, systematic mesoscopic simulations were performed to investigate the mesoscopic responses of CAC under dynamic split‐tension loadings. Results indicated that the mechanic properties and cracking behaviors of CAC are associated with many factors, such as aggregate diameter, aggregate distribution and strain rate. Besides, there was a good agreement between the tested and numerical results, demonstrating that the developed mesoscale model has a significant reliability and potential in simulating the mechanical properties of CAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rosmarinic acid (RosA) is a phenolic acid compound extracted from perilla. In this experiment, the Oxford cup method was used to verify the antibacterial activity of PerillaRosA against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, and Bacillus subtilis. By polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the effect of RosA on bacterial nucleic acid and bacterial Na+/K+‐ATP‐ase activity, and scanning electron microscope to exploration of its antibacterial mechanism preliminarily. The results showed that RosA had antibacterial properties against all four bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of E. coli were 0.8 and 0.9 mg/ml, respectively. The MIC and MBC of Salmonella were 0.9 and 1.0 mg/ml, respectively. The MIC and MBC of S. aureus and B. subtilis were both 1.0 and 1.1 mg/ml. RosA has the bacteriostasis function, which can destroy bacterial cells and cell proteins and inhibit the activity of Na+/K+‐ATP‐ase in cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Audio deepfake detection (ADD) aims to detect the fake audio generated by text-to-speech (TTS), and voice conversion (VC), etc., which is an emerging topic. Traditionally we read the mono signal and analyze the artifacts directly. Recently, the mono-to-binaural conversion based ADD approach has attracted increasing attention since the binaural audio signals provide a unique and comprehensive perspective on speech perception. Such method attempts tried to first convert the mono audio into binaural, then process the left and right channels respectively to discover authenticity cues. However, the acoustic information from the two channels exhibits both differences and similarities, which have not been thoroughly explored in previous research. To address this issue, we propose a new mono-to-binaural conversion based ADD framework that considers multi-space channel representation learning, termed "MSCR-ADD". Specifically, (1) the feature representations of the respective channels are learned by the channel-specific encoder and stored in the channel-specific space ; (2) the feature representations capturing the difference between the two channels are learned by the channel-differential encoder and stored in the channel-differential space ; (3) after which the channel-invariant encoder learn the channel commonality representations in the channel-invariant space. Note that we propose orthogonal and mutual information maximization losses to constrain the channel-specific and invariant encoders. At last, three representations from various spaces are mixed together to finalize the deepfake detection. It is worth noting that the feature representations in the channel-differential and invariant spaces unveil the differences and similarities between the two channels in binaural audio, enabling us to effectively detect artifacts in fake audio. The experimental results on four benchmark datasets demonstrate that our MSCR-ADD is superior to existing state-of-the-art approaches. • We pioneer the definition of a feature representation of binaural audio as three spaces. • We present MSCR-ADD, a novel ADD scheme with a novel multi-space channel representation learning strategy. • Experimental results on four datasets verify the power of our method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the feasibility and applicability of the test and evaluation methods for the temperature and energy consumption coefficient in the cold storage system are tested and verified which is specified in the Beijing local standard "Energy Conservation Monitoring of Refrigeration Storage." It also summarizes and analyses the test verification results of the evaluation index of the location of measuring points of temperature in refrigeration storage, data-collecting time interval of temperature in refrigeration storage, energy efficiency coefficient of the refrigeration unit, and energy consumption coefficient of the refrigeration. The study work provides technical support for making the monitor and evaluation methods which applies to the standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a novel three-dimensional (3D) mesoscale modelling approach to study the mechanical responses of coral sands under quasi-static and dynamic compressive loading. A series of algorithms were developed to generate the 3D random particle models with controllable shape and size configurations to simulate the coral sands with random shape characteristics. Subsequently, a new compaction algorithm combining the gravity action and mechanical motion of particle models was proposed to create the 3D sand particulate system with various particle gradations. Using the 3D unstructured meshing algorithm, the finite element model of particulate system was obtained. Finally, the quasi-static and dynamic compressive behaviors of coral sands were numerically investigated in terms of the axial/lateral stress–strain curves, the mesoscopic deformation processes, and the particle breakage patterns. The results indicate that there are obvious differences in the stress–strain curves and deformation modes of coral sands under quasi-static and dynamic compression loads. Through the explicit simulation and quantitative analysis on the deformation process and particle breakage of coral sands, the grain-level responses and failure mechanisms of coral sands under different loading conditions were fully understood. Above all, it was demonstrated that the developed 3D mesoscale model has a significant feasibility in simulating and analyzing the mechanical properties of sand particulate system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a zoonotic epidemic disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and currently, no medicines are available to treat this disease. Autophagy modulators play an important role in the treatment of tumors, heart disease, and some viral diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of autophagy modulators on JEV infection and the host response in mice. The experimental mice were grouped as follows: DMEM (control), JEV, JEV+rapamycin (JEV+Rapa), JEV+wortmannin (JEV+Wort), JEV+chloroquine (JEV+CQ), Rapa, Wort, and CQ. The control group was treated with DMEM. The mice in other groups were infected with 105 PFU of JEV, and Rapa, Wort, and CQ were administered 2 h prior to JEV challenge and then administered daily for 10 consecutive days. All mice were monitored for neurological signs and survival. The damage of subcellular structures in the mouse brain was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. The distribution of virus in the mouse brain was determined by RNAScope staining and immunohistochemical staining. The neuroinflammatory responses in the brain were examined via quantitative real-time PCR, and the signal pathways involved in neuroinflammation were identified by Western blot. The mice in the JEV+Wort and JEV+CQ groups showed milder neurological symptoms, less damage to the mitochondria in the brain tissue, and a higher survival rate than those in the JEV+Rapa and JEV groups. Compared with the JEV+Rapa and JEV groups, the distribution of JEV in the brain of mice in the JEV+Wort and JEV+CQ groups was lower, and the inflammatory response was weaker. No significant difference was observed in the expression of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway in mouse brain among the different groups. Our study suggests that the autophagy inhibitors Wort and CQ reduce JEV infection and weaken the inflammatory response, which does not depend on the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway in mouse brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Tirzepatide, the first approved dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist (RA), has achieved better clinical outcomes than other GLP-1RAs. However, it is an imbalanced dual GIP/GLP-1 RA, and it remains unclear whether the degree of imbalance is optimal. Here, we present a novel long-acting dual GLP-1/GIP RA that exhibits better activity than tirzepatide toward GLP-1R. A candidate conjugate, D314, identified via peptide design, synthesis, conjugation, and experimentation, was evaluated using chronic studies in db/db and diet induced obese (DIO) mice. D314 achieved favorable blood glucose and body weight-lowering effects, equal to those of tirzepatide. Its half-life in dogs (T 1/2 : 78.3 ± 14.01 h) reveals its suitability for once-weekly administration in humans. This preclinical study suggests the potential role of D314 as an effective agent for treating T2DM and obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (h-BMSCs) have the potential to differentiate into dopaminergic neuron-like cells to treat Parkinson's disease. The Notch signaling pathway has been implicated in the regulation of cell fate decisions such as differentiation of BMSCs. This study investigated changes in the expression of Notch-related genes in the differentiation of BMSCs in vitro into dopaminergic (DA) neuron-like cells. BMSCs transfected with empty lentiviral vectors served as the control group and those transfected with NTN and Lmx1α recombinant lentiviral vectors served as the experimental group. After induction and culture of NTN and Lmx1α-transfected h-BMSCs for 21 days, the cells exhibited features of dopaminergic neuron-like cells, which were observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy and verified by immunofluorescence of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT). These induced cells could secrete dopamine and had basic action potentials. Expression of the neural stem cell (NSC) markers, including octamer-binding protein (Oct4), paired box gene 6 (Pax6), and sex determining region Y-box 1 (SOX1), increased on day 14 of induction and decreased on day 21 of induction during differentiation. The human Notch signaling pathway PCR array showed a differential expression of Notch-related genes during the differentiation of h-BMSCs into DA neuron-like cells in vitro relative to that in the control group. In conclusion, h-BMSCs overexpressing NTN and Lmx1α can successfully be induced to differentiate into dopaminergic neuron-like cells with a neuronal phenotype exhibiting fundamental biological functions in vitro, and NTN and Lmx1α may affect the expression of Notch-related genes during differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The content of pullulan and melanin in 500 mutants of Aureobasidum pullulans obtained by ultraviolet mutagenesis were examined and statistically analyzed, and a strong positive correlation was found between them. The result was further confirmed by culturing wild type strain As3.3984 in different media. Then we constructed melanin-deletion mutant As- Δalb1 and pullulan-deletion mutant As- Δpul. As- Δalb1 was a melanin-free strain with the yield of pullulan decreased by 41.01%. The supplementation of melanin in the culture of As- Δalb1 increased the production of pullulan. As- Δpul synthesized neither pullulan nor melanin and recovered melanin synthesis by adding pullulan to the medium. The results suggested that high concentration- of pullulan induced morphological transformation and synthesis of melanin, and melanin promoted the synthesis of pullulan. The pullulan biosynthetic genes, upt , pgm , ugp , and pul , were down-regulated, while the negative regulatory gene of pullulan synthesis, creA , was up-regulated by melanin deficiency. • The synergistic correlation exists between the synthesis of pullulan and melanin. • High concentrations of pullulan induced the synthesis of melanin. • Melanin promotes the synthesis of pullulan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As a secreted adipokine, adipsin has been recently shown to play a pivotal role in metabolic disorders. However, information regarding the association of circulating adipsin with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans is scant.Methods: We recruited 1163 obese adult subjects with waist circumference at least 90 cm in men and 80 cm in women from the community. Circulating adipsin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Circulating adipsin levels of NAFLD subjects was decreased compared to those in non-NAFLD (p < 0.05). The prevalence of NAFLD with lower levels of serum adipsin was significantly higher than those with higher values (57.6% vs. 50.9%, p < 0.05). Circulating adipsin levels were significantly associated with decreasing levels of fasting glucose and postprandial glucose (both p < 0.001 for interaction) in NAFLD subjects but not in non-NAFLD subjects. The risk of NAFLD was significantly decreased by 21.7% [OR (95% CI): 0.783 (0.679-0.902), p < 0.001], adjusting for age, gender, current smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, BMI, systolic BP, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-c, HOMA-IR, and body fat mass. Importantly, subjects in the lowest quartile of circulating adipsin were 1.88 times more likely to have NAFLD than those in the highest quartile in multivariable logistic regression analyses. However, such associations with circulating adipsin were not noted for metabolic syndrome, abnormal liver enzyme and significant liver fibrosis.Conclusions: These results demonstrate that circulating adipsin levels in Chinese obese adults are negatively associated with risk of NAFLD, implying that serum adipsin levels may be a potential protective factor in NAFLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiotherapy is one of the major modalities for malignancy treatment. High linear energy transfer (LET) charged‐particle beams, like proton and carbon ions, exhibit favourable depth‐dose distributions and radiobiological enhancement over conventional low‐LET photon irradiation, thereby marking a new era in high precision medicine. Tumour cells have developed multicomponent signal transduction networks known as DNA damage responses (DDRs), which initiate cell‐cycle checkpoints and induce double‐strand break (DSB) repairs in the nucleus by nonhomologous end joining or homologous recombination pathways, to manage ionising radiation (IR)‐induced DNA lesions. DNA damage induction and DSB repair pathways are reportedly dependent on the quality of radiation delivered. In this review, we summarise various types of DNA lesion and DSB repair mechanisms, upon irradiation with low and high‐LET radiation, respectively. We also analyse factors influencing DNA repair efficiency. Inhibition of DNA damage repair pathways and dysfunctional cell‐cycle checkpoint sensitises tumour cells to IR. Radio‐sensitising agents, including DNA–PK inhibitors, Rad51 inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, ATM/ATR inhibitors, chk1 inhibitors, wee1 kinase inhibitors, Hsp90 inhibitors, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors have been found to enhance cell killing by IR through interference with DDRs, cell‐cycle arrest, or other cellular processes. The cotreatment of these inhibitors with IR may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combined application of fenoxaprop (fenoxaprop‐p‐ethyl) and urea on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) photosynthesis, weed control, and yield. The optimal sequence and dosage of the urea and fenoxaprop combination on potato production was investigated using different concentrations of urea (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g L−1) and fenoxaprop (0, 1.33, 2.66, 5.32, and 7.98 ml L−1) in a randomized block experiment. Potato plant photosynthesis levels, weed control efficacy, and potato yield were explored through the analysis of chlorophyll content index (CCI), photosynthetic parameters, weed‐related statistics, and polynomial regression. The results showed fenoxaprop stress not only reduced indices such as the CCI and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) but also decreased the activity, maximum photochemical efficiency, and quantum efficiency of Photosystem II, and the photochemical quenching coefficient. Urea at concentrations of 1–4 g L−1 antagonized the toxicity of fenoxaprop, whereas 8‐g L−1 urea aggravated herbicide toxicity. Compared with fenoxaprop treatment alone, the combination of 4‐g L−1 urea and 1.33‐ml L−1 fenoxaprop significantly increased the Pn of potato plants, weed control efficacy, and potato tuber yield by 36.12, 11.35, and 11%, respectively. Furthermore, treatment with urea first, followed by fenoxaprop, displayed greater efficacy in weed control than fenoxaprop followed by urea. Taken together, urea at concentrations of 1–4 g L−1 may alleviate the side effects of fenoxaprop on potato seedlings. Meanwhile, urea treatment (4 g L−1) followed by fenoxaprop (1.33 ml L−1) may be the optimal combination for potato production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The contributions of various types of cell populations in dialysis‐related peritoneal fibrosis are poorly understood. Single‐cell RNA sequencing brings single‐cell level resolution to the analysis of cellular transcriptomics, which provides a new way to further characterize the distinct roles and functional states of each cell population during peritoneal fibrosis. Methods: Single‐cell transcriptomics from normal peritoneal tissues of six patients, from effluent of patients with short‐term peritoneal dialysis (less than 2 weeks, n = 6), and from long‐term peritoneal dialysis patients (more than 6 years, n = 4) were analyzed. Results: We identified a distinct cell component between samples among different groups. Functional analysis of the differentially expressed genes identified cell type specific biological processes relevant to different fibrosis stages. Well‐known key molecular mechanisms participating in the pathophysiology of peritoneal fibrosis were vitrified, and some of them were found to be restricted to specific cell types. Gradually growing enrichment of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and impairment of oxidative phosphorylation in mesothelial cells and fibroblasts were found from healthy control, short‐term dialysis, to long‐term dialysis, respectively. The fibroblasts' population obtained from the patients, who received peritoneal dialysis, showed a functional characteristic of immune‐chemotaxis and immune response, which was characterized by broadly significant increase in the expression of interleukins, chemokines, cytokines, and human leukocyte antigens. Furthermore, we described the intercellular crosstalk networks based on receptor‐ligand interactions, and highlighted a central role of fibroblasts in regulating the key mechanisms of peritoneal fibrosis through crosstalk with other cells. Conclusions: In summary, despite describing information for fibrogenic molecular mechanisms in the resolution level of individual cell populations, this work identifies the significant functional evolution of fibroblasts during peritoneal fibrosis. This study also reveals the intercellular receptor‐ligand interactions in which the fibroblasts serve as a major node, eventually providing new insights into the role of fibroblasts during disease pathogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let ℌ be a complex Hilbert space with dim ℌ ≥ 3 and ℬ (ℋ) the algebra of all bounded linear operators on ℌ. The effect algebra E (ℌ) on ℌ is the set of all positive contractions in ℬ (ℋ). We consider the automorphism of E (ℌ) with respect to convex sequential product ox on E (ℌ) for some λ ∈ [0, 1] defined by A ∘ λ B = λ A 1 2 B A 1 2 + (1 − λ) B 1 2 A B 1 2 , ∀ A , B ∈ E (ℋ). We show that an automorphism of E (ℌ) with respect to convex sequential product is just reduced by a unitary or an anti-unitary operator U on ℌ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase pure and nano‐sized hafnium diboride (HfB2) fine powder was prepared via a novel sustainable silicothermic route at 1100°C from inexpensive raw materials HfO2, Na2B4O7 and Si. By introducing sodium oxysalts as source of Na2O into the batch mixtures, the SiO2/ Na2O modulus in the melt were reduced from 5:1 to 2:1, and the original water‐insoluble byproduct SiO2 was taken by the melt at test temperature and converted into water soluble sodium silicate (Na2Si2O5) which was easily removed from the reacted mass via simple hot water washing. Consequently, the aqua sodium silicate could be readily recycled and used as a precursor for preparing many other valuable materials due to absence of foreign salts (eg halides, especially in the molten salt‐assisted synthesis process) in the synthesis process, and the relevant environmental concerns could be alleviated. Using excessive amount of 20 wt% Si and 15 wt% Na2B4O7 as compensation for the evaporation loss of silicon, in the form of SiO (g), and B2O3 in the reduction process, a high reaction extent was achieved and HfO2 and Na2B4O7 were completely converted into HfB2 at 1100°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-compacting rubberized concrete (SCRC), as the primary material of road construction, is produced by adding rubber particles instead of sand to self-compacting concrete (SCC). Four kinds of concrete with different rubber contents (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) are tested in this study. The materials testing systems (MTS) and split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) are employed to obtain quasi-static mechanical properties (compressive, splitting tensile, and bending) and dynamic mechanical properties at high strain rates (100–250 s−1). The results reveal that quasi-static mechanical strength decreases with the increase in rubber content. Compared with SCC, SCRC is dramatically high in ductility. With the increase of the strain rate, the dynamic compressive strength, peak toughness, specific energy absorption (SEA), and dynamic increase factors (DIF) all rise. The dynamic compressive strength decreases with the ascending of rubber content, while the toughness index, peak toughness, and SEA increase with the increasing rubber content. Exponential and linear fittings are utilized to help further understand the influence of strain rates. The craze-shear band-cavitation theory can also help well explain the transition strain rate of peak toughness curves. The failure modes under high strain rates are observed. The results reveal that SCRC exhibits a stronger sensitivity to rubber content and has better impact toughness than SCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A natural rutle sample was measured by in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, as well as Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Crystal structure is refined on the sample with 1.4 mol.% Fe and 510±120 ppmw. H2O. The unit-cell and TiO6 octahedral volumes are expanded by 0.7%–0.8% for Fe3+ incorporation, as compared with the reported Ti-pure samples. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient (α, K−1) could be approximated as a linear function of T (K): 4.95(3)×10−9×T+21.54(5)×10−6, with the averaged value α0=30.48(5)×10−6 K−1, in the temperature range of 300–1500 K. The internal Ti-O stretching (A1g and B2g) and O-Ti-O bending (Eg) modes show 'red shift', whereas the multi-phonon process exhibits 'blue shift' at elevated temperature. The rotational mode (B1g) for TiO6 octahedra is nearly insensitive to temperature variations. The OH-stretching bands at 3 279 and 3 297 cm−1 are measured by high-temperature spectroscopy experiments. Both the IR-active and Raman-active OH-stretching modes shift to lower frequencies at higher temperature, with the signal intensities decreasing. And after quenching, we expect about 43% dehydration around 873 K, and 85% dehydration at 1 273 K for this hydrous sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer is the second most common malignant tumour threatening women's health. In recent years, heavy-ion beam therapy is becoming a newly emerging therapeutic mean of cancer; however, radio-resistance and radiation-induced damage constitute the main obstacles for curative treatment of cervical cancer. Therefore, to identify the radiosensitizers is essential. Here, we investigated the effects of Wnt signalling pathway on the response of 12C6+ radiation in HeLa cells. XAV939, an inhibitor of Wnt signalling pathway, was added two hours before 12C6+ radiation.12C6+ radiation inhibited the viability of HeLa cells in a time-dependent manner, and inhibiting Wnt signalling using XAV939 significantly intensified this stress. Meanwhile, 12C6+ radiation induced a significant increased cell apoptosis, G2/M phase arrest, and the number of γ-H2AX foci. Supplementation with XAV939 significantly increased the effects induced by 12C6+ radiation alone. Combining XAV939 with 12C6+ irradiation, the expression of apoptotic genes (p53, Bax, Bcl-2) was significantly increased, while the expression of Wnt-related genes (Wnt3a, Wnt5a, β-catenin, cyclin D1 and c-Myc) was significantly decreased. Overall, these findings suggested that blockage of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway effectively sensitizes HeLa cells to 12C6+ irradiation, and it may be a potential therapeutic approach in terms of increasing the clinical efficacy of 12C6+ beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study of formic acid (HCOOH) decomposition on tungsten carbide supported monolayer platinum surfaces (Pt/WC(0001)) is important for a better understanding of the development of direct HCOOH fuel cells (DFAFCs). In this study, periodic slab model and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to investigate the gas phase dissociation pathways of HCOOH on Pt/WC(0001) surface. The results indicated that HCOOH, HCOO, COOH, HCO, H2O, CO, OH, and H were adsorbed on Pt/WC(0001) surface through chemisorption. Moreover, the minimum energy pathway for HCOOH into CO2 and CO was analysed in terms of the fracture of H–O, C–H, and C–O bonds. In the decomposition process of HCOOH, HCOO is the main decomposition intermediate of HCOOH, CO2 is the main decomposition intermediate of HCOO, and CO is the main decomposition product of cis-COOH, trans-COOH, and HCO. Furthermore, it was found that the most favourable route for HCOOH decomposition on the Pt/WC(0001) surface is HCOOH→HCOO→CO2, wherein CO2 formation from HCOO dehydrogenation is the rate determining step. WC as a carrier does not change the catalytic performance of Pt for HCOOH, but reduces the amount of Pt used, thus making Pt/WC(0001) a cost effective catalyst for DFAFCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the pressure of environmental pollution and energy shortage, wind power generation and EVs with clean and pollution-free characteristics have developed rapidly. However, the randomness of EVs charging and the volatility of wind power output will bring great challenges to the reliability and economy of grid operation. Especially the accuracy and range of wind power forecasting are critical to the operation of the power system with a high proportion of renewable energy and EVs. Aiming at improving the accuracy of short-term wind power forecasting and its uncertainty, this paper puts forward a combined forecasting model, including BP, Wavelet, and RVM by information fusion strategy, Gaussian Cloud model is used to reflect the uncertainty in the forecasting process. According to the measured data of two units, the results of short-term wind power forecasting are analyzed and compared with the single forecasting method. It's found that the combined forecasting model can improve the forecasting accuracy with more reasonable confidence interval. The power grid can guide the EVs to dynamically adjust the EVs charging time according to the forecasting wind power and EVs charging power curves, so as to maximize the absorption of wind power, achieve the economic operation and reduce pollution emissions. • Building three wind turbine power forecasting models by BP, RVM and Wavelet. • Building a combination forecasting model for wind turbine power. • Analysis the forecasting power and its uncertainty by Gaussian cloud model. • Coordinating and dispatching the forecasting value of wind power and EVs charging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we prove that for C 1 -generic diffeomorphisms, if a homoclinic class contains periodic orbits of indices i and j with j > i + 1 , and the homoclinic class has no-domination of index l for any l ∈ { i + 1 , ... , j - 1 } , then there exists a non-hyperbolic ergodic measure with more than one vanishing Lyapunov exponents and whose support is the whole homoclinic class. Some other results are also obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the pressure of environmental pollution and energy shortage, wind power generation and EVs with clean and pollution-free characteristics have developed rapidly. However, the randomness of EVs charging and the volatility of wind power output will bring great challenges to the reliability and economy of grid operation. Especially the accuracy and range of wind power forecasting are critical to the operation of the power system with a high proportion of renewable energy and EVs. Aiming at improving the accuracy of short-term wind power forecasting and its uncertainty, this paper puts forward a combined forecasting model, including BP, Wavelet, and RVM by information fusion strategy, Gaussian Cloud model is used to reflect the uncertainty in the forecasting process. According to the measured data of two units, the results of short-term wind power forecasting are analyzed and compared with the single forecasting method. It's found that the combined forecasting model can improve the forecasting accuracy with more reasonable confidence interval. The power grid can guide the EVs to dynamically adjust the EVs charging time according to the forecasting wind power and EVs charging power curves, so as to maximize the absorption of wind power, achieve the economic operation and reduce pollution emissions. • Building three wind turbine power forecasting models by BP, RVM and Wavelet. • Building a combination forecasting model for wind turbine power. • Analysis the forecasting power and its uncertainty by Gaussian cloud model. • Coordinating and dispatching the forecasting value of wind power and EVs charging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method, quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single marker (QAMS), was established and fully verified based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for simultaneous determination of six chromone indicators of Saposhnikoviae Radix (SR). In the present study, cimifugin (C), 5-O-methylvisamminol (V), hamaudol (H), and their corresponding glycosides, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (GC), 4′-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol (GV), and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol (GH), were selected as bioactive constituents and indicators for the quality evaluation of SR. GV was chosen as the unique reference standard, and relative correction factors (RCF) between GV and the other five chromones were calculated. The feasibility of QAMS for the analysis of chromones was investigated by comparing with the traditional external standard method (ESM). Furthermore, the method was proven to have accuracy (96.98%–102.50%), repeatability (RSD <3%), stability (RSD <3%), precision (RSD <3%), and desirable linearity (R2 ≧0.9999). Subsequently, 55 batches of commercial SR from different regions were determined by QAMS, and their contents were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), correlation analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), respectively. Based on the results, a more refined quality standard of commercial SR was proposed: SR was qualified when the total contents of six chromones were greater than 3 mg·g−1. Furthermore, SR could initially be regarded as a superior medicine when it satisfied both conditions at the same time: the total content of GC, C, GV, V, GH, and H was greater than 8 mg·g−1, and the proportion of the total content of C, V, and H was greater than 10%. This study demonstrated that the quality of SR could be successfully evaluated by the developed QAMS method; meanwhile, valuable information was provided for improving the quality standard of SR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellular quiescence (G0) is a sleep-like cellular state that allows cells to maintain the ability to re-enter and exit the proliferative cycle. Quiescent cancer cells are considered a therapeutic challenge since they are often resistant to conventional chemoradiotherapy resulting in disease progression and relapse. To date, the majority of published studies have focused on identifying molecules that target proliferating tumor cells while limited information is available on methods to target quiescent cancer cells. This review provides a summary of the relevant molecular mechanisms underlying quiescence maintenance and pharmacological interventions aimed at either eliminating this cancer cell subpopulation or indefinitely maintaining the quiescence state. Furthermore, the irradiation responses of quiescent cancer cells, in particular, the influence of manipulating intratumor hypoxia and radiation properties on radiosensitivity, are discussed. The main aim of this article is to provide a theoretical basis for the effective targeted killing of dormant tumor cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A contact model to capture the tangential responses of lap joints is proposed. Based on the micro-contact theory and the Coulomb friction law, the tangential contact of the contacting asperities undergone certain normal load is simplified to Jenkins element in the parallel-series Iwan model, then a continuous function possessing an explicit physical significance is developed to describe the yield force distribution of the contacting asperities on the joint interface. In order to validate the proposed model, the predicted results are compared with the published experimental results. A definition and a criterion of slip ratio are introduced to quantifiably evaluate the contact states of lap joints. The influencing factors of the distribution function and the slip ratio were analyzed. • A tangential contact model is proposed considering the surface topography of lap joints. • A continuous distribution function is developed to describe the yield force distribution of the contacting asperities on the joint interface. • A definition and a criterion of slip ratio are introduced to quantifiably evaluate the contact states of lap joints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]