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Objective·To systematically review the effectiveness of actigraphy on the evaluation of circadian rhythm characteristics in patients with depression.Methods·A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CNKI, WanFang Data, and Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), from the inception of each database to May 5th, 2023. Case control studies that used actigraphy to evaluate circadian rhythms in patients with depression and compared them with healthy controls were collected. Literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quality of the included literature was evaluated by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4 software.Results·A total of 9 articles were included, including 390 patients with depression and 288 healthy controls. The meta-analysis showed that the MESOR (midline statistic of rhythm) (SMD=-0.29, 95% CI -0.51 ‒ -0.07, P=0.009) of the circadian cosine function in patients with depression was lower than that in healthy controls; sleep onset (MD=33.06, 95% CI 14.90 ‒ 51.23, P=0.000) and sleep offset (MD=53.80, 95% CI 22.38 ‒ 85.23, P=0.000) were later in patients with depression than those in healthy controls; no statistical difference was found in the activity level of the most active 10 hours (SMD=-0.26, 95% CI -0.52 ‒ 0.01, P=0.060) between patients with depression and healthy controls, although there was a trend for lower activity in patients with depression; no statistical difference was found in the acrophase (MD=25.33, 95% CI -12.41 ‒ 63.06, P=0.190) of the circadian cosine function between patients with depression and healthy controls; no clear statistical significance of the difference was found in the amplitude (SMD=-0.14, 95% CI -0.42 ‒ 0.14, P=0.340) and the activity level of the least active 5 hours (SMD=0.31, 95% CI -0.10 ‒ 0.71, P=0.140) between patients with depression and healthy controls.Conclusion·Actigraphy can reflect circadian rhythm disruption in patients with depression to some extent, but the limited number of included studies and inconsistencies in the study populations and methodologies have affected the quality and results of the analyses. More high-quality clinical trials are needed to provide evidence.

Bipolar disorder, as a major mental illness, has a high lifetime suicide attempt rate in patients, and suicidal behavior is most likely to occur during depressive episodes. Therefore, in-depth study of its mechanism is essential for prevention, early detection and intervention of suicide. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology, it has been found that there are abnormalities in the brain structure and function in suicidal patients with bipolar disorder. This article reviews the studies on suicide in bipolar disorder patients by MRI from four aspects: structure, function, structure-function, and central metabolism and cerebral blood flow perfusion, and summarizes the suicide-related changes. This review focuses on distinguishing the brain MRI changes under different mood states and diverse definitions of suicide, aiming to provide reference for further exploration of the pathophysiological mechanism of suicide in bipolar disorder.

Objective To explore the clinical application of follicular unit extraction (FUE) hair transplantation in male androgen alopecia (AGA). Methods From August 2016 to September 2018, male AGA patients operated with FUE hair transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.At one year after transplantation, clinical curative effect was evaluated by the survival hair density and follicles rate of FUE transplantation, meanwhile surgical complications, patient satisfaction rate and life quality score were measured and analyzed. Results A total of 126 male AGA patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included, with average age was (37±9.05) years and average disease course was (10±2.76) years.According to the Hamilton-Norwood grade standard, there were 5 grade Ⅱpatients, 55 grade Ⅲ patients, 54 grade Ⅳ patients, 10 grade Ⅴ patients, and 2 grade Ⅵ patients.At one year after transplantation, viable hair density on the anterior hairline and the top of the head was (65±7) FUs/cm2 and (43±4) FUs/cm2, respectively.The survival rate of hair follicles was more than 90%, even more than 95% among the 107 AGA patients.The effective rate was 100%(126/126), no serious complications occurred, and the satisfaction rate of patients was 97.6%(123/126).Besides, the scores of physical function, psychological function, social function and material life status of 126 AGA patients were significantly increased than those before transplantation (all P < 0.01). Conclusions FUE hair transplantation has significant clinical effect, and is highly safe and effective.With the potential to dramatically improve life quality, it can be widely applied in treatment of AGA.

In order to solve the problem of correct monitoring of underground roadway shape variables, a monitoring algorithm of underground roadway shape variables based on laser radar is designed based on the installation of high-precision laser radar and vehicle aided positioning system in underground intelligent vehicle; the overall framework of the monitoring algorithm is established, and the key technologies in laser radar data acquisition and preprocessing are described in detail; based on the existing knowledge accumulation of underground roadway scene monitoring and around the feature extraction of discrete points, an improved special point registration algorithm is constructed, which solves the problem that the feature points of roadway scene are sparse and can not be registered effectively; the distance from point to surface is used to pick out outliers, quickly calculate the offset of points, quickly extract high-density outliers through the density clustering algorithm of DBSCAN, quickly screen the deformation area, analyze the deformation degree, and realize the intelligent deformation monitoring of underground roadway surface. The test results show that the roadway deformation monitoring algorithm based on laser radar can monitor the roadway surface shape changes under logging in real time, dynamically and accurately, and can ensure the normal operation of underground roadway and protect the safety of miners’ life and property.

Diabetic nephropathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, threatening the health of millions of people. Herein, we explored a blood glucose independent function of coptisine on diabetic nephropathy. A diabetic rat model was established by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg). Coptisine treatment (50 mg/kg/day) retarded body weight loss and reduced blood glucose. On the other hand, coptisine treatment also decreased kidney weight and the levels of urinary albumin, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen, indicating an improvement of renal function. Treatment with coptisine also mitigated renal fibrosis, with alleviative collagen deposition. Likewise, in vitro study showed that coptisine treatment decreased apoptosis and fibrosis markers in HK-2 cells treated with high glucose. Furthermore, after coptisine treatment, the activation of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NRLP3) inflammasome was repressed, with decreased levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18, indicating that the repression of NRLP3 inflammasome contributed to the effect of coptisine on diabetic nephropathy. In conclusion, this study revealed that coptisine mitigates diabetic nephropathy via repressing the NRLP3 inflammasome. It is indicated that coptisine may have the potential to be used in the diabetic nephropathy treatment.