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2,048 results on '"Zhang, Hong-Wei"'

2. Massless Dirac equation on spinor bundles over real hyperbolic spaces

Author

Meng, Long, Zhang, Hong-Wei, and Zhang, Junyong

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35Q41, 35L05, 35R01
Abstract

We prove a sharp-in-time dispersive estimate of the Dirac equation on spinor bundles over the real hyperbolic space. Compared with the Euclidean counterparts, our result shows that the dispersive estimate differs between short and long times, reflecting the intuitive influence of negative curvature on the dispersion. Moreover, the well-known equivalence between dispersive estimates for Dirac and wave propagators in the Euclidean setting no longer holds in this context. This finding suggests that spinor fields are affected by the geometry at infinity of the manifold. As a key application, we establish an improved global-in-time Strichartz estimate, in the sense that there is no loss of angular derivatives and the admissible set is larger than previously known results in other settings.

Published
2024

3. Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome

Author

Zhang, Mei-Jiao, Wu, De, Yu, Li-Fei, Li, Hua, Sun, Dan, Liang, Jian-Min, Lu, Xiao-Peng, Luo, Rong, Guo, Qing-Hui, Jin, Rui-Feng, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Lei, Ge-Fei, Sun, Ruo-Peng, Wang, Man, Zhou, You-Feng, Wang, Ying-Yan, Tang, Ji-Hong, Hua, Ying, Shi, Xu-Lai, Liu, Xiao-Ming, Shi, Xiu-Yu, Yang, Guang, Wang, Hua, Gao, Feng, Jia, Tian-Ming, Wang, Ji-Wen, Liao, Jian-Xiang, and Bao, Xin-Hua

Published
2025
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7. $L^2$-spectrum, growth indicator function and critical exponent on locally symmetric spaces

Author

Wolf, Lasse L. and Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Spectral Theory, 22E40, A7A10, 58J50
Abstract

In this short note we observe, on locally symmetric spaces of higher rank, a connection between the growth indicator function introduced by Quint and the modified critical exponent of the Poincar\'e series equipped with the polyhedral distance. As a consequence, we provide a different characterization of the bottom of the $L^2$-spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator in terms of the growth indicator function. Moreover, we explore the relationship between these three objects and the temperedness., Comment: 9 pages

Published
2023
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9. Stein-Weiss inequality on non-compact symmetric spaces

Author

Kumar, Vishvesh, Ruzhansky, Michael, and Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 22E30, 43A85, 43A90
Abstract

Let $\Delta$ be the Laplace-Beltrami operator on a non-compact symmetric space of any rank, and denote the bottom of its $L^2$-spectrum as $-|\rho|^{2}$. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive characterization of both the sufficient and necessary conditions ensuring the validity of the Stein-Weiss inequality for the entire family of operators $\lbrace{(-\Delta+b)^{-\frac{\sigma}{2}}}\rbrace_{\sigma\ge0,\,b\ge-|\rho|^{2}}$. As an application, some weighted functional inequalities, such as Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, Gagliardo-Nirenberg's interpolation inequality, Pitt's inequality, etc., become available in this context. In particular, their sets of admissible indices are larger than those in the Euclidean setting., Comment: The "fill opacity" feature in Tikz images was automatically disabled in v1. We enable it in this new version

Published
2023

11. Smoothing properties of dispersive equations on non-compact symmetric spaces

Author

Kumar, Vishvesh, Ruzhansky, Michael, and Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 22E30, 35J10, 35P25, 43A85, 43A90
Abstract

We establish the Kato-type smoothing property, i.e., global-in-time smoothing estimates with homogeneous weights, for the Schr\"odinger equation on Riemannian symmetric spaces of non-compact type and general rank. These form a rich class of manifolds with nonpositive sectional curvature and exponential volume growth at infinity, e.g., hyperbolic spaces. We achieve it by proving the Stein-Weiss inequality and the resolvent estimate of the corresponding Fourier multiplier, which are of independent interest. Moreover, we extend the comparison principles to symmetric spaces and deduce different types of smoothing properties for the wave equation, the Klein-Gordon equation, the relativistic and general orders Schr\"odinger equations. In particular, we observe that some smoothing properties, which are known to fail on the Euclidean plane, hold on the hyperbolic plane., Comment: 32 pages, 2 figures

Published
2023

15. Variants in EP400, encoding a chromatin remodeler, cause epilepsy with neurodevelopmental disorders

Author

Luo, Sheng, Wang, Peng-Yu, Zhou, Peng, Zhang, Wen-Jun, Gu, Yu-Jie, Liang, Xiao-Yu, Zhang, Jing-Wen, Luo, Jun-Xia, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Lan, Song, Zhang, Ting-Ting, Yang, Jie-Hua, Sun, Su-Zhen, Guo, Xiang-Yang, Wang, Ju-Li, Deng, Lin-Fan, Xu, Ze-Hai, Jin, Liang, He, Yun-Yan, Ye, Zi-Long, Gu, Wei-Yue, Li, Bing-Mei, Shi, Yi-Wu, Liu, Xiao-Rong, Yan, Hong-Jun, Yi, Yong-Hong, Jiang, Yu-Wu, Mao, Xiao, Li, Wen-Ling, Meng, Heng, and Liao, Wei-Ping

Published
2025
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16. Asymptotic behavior of the heat semigroup on certain Riemannian manifolds

Author

Grigor'yan, Alexander, Papageorgiou, Effie, and Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Differential Geometry, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 58J35, 35B40, 35K05
Abstract

We show that, on a complete, connected and non-compact Riemannian manifold of non-negative Ricci curvature, the solution to the heat equation with $L^{1}$ initial data behaves asymptotically as the mass times the heat kernel. In contrast to the previously known results in negatively curved contexts, the radiality assumption on the initial data is not required. Similar long-time convergence results remain valid on more general manifolds satisfying the Li-Yau two-sided estimate of the heat kernel. Moreover, we provide a counterexample such that this asymptotic phenomenon fails in sup norm on manifolds with two Euclidean ends., Comment: to appear in "From Classical Analysis to Analysis on Fractals - The Robert Strichartz Memorial Volume", Springer

Published
2022

18. Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants

Author

Wang, Anqi, Shen, Jiayi, Rodriguez, Alex A., Saunders, Edward J., Chen, Fei, Janivara, Rohini, Darst, Burcu F., Sheng, Xin, Xu, Yili, Chou, Alisha J., Benlloch, Sara, Dadaev, Tokhir, Brook, Mark N., Plym, Anna, Sahimi, Ali, Hoffman, Thomas J., Takahashi, Atushi, Matsuda, Koichi, Momozawa, Yukihide, Fujita, Masashi, Laisk, Triin, Figuerêdo, Jéssica, Muir, Kenneth, Ito, Shuji, Liu, Xiaoxi, Uchio, Yuji, Kubo, Michiaki, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Wan, Peggy, Andrews, Caroline, Lori, Adriana, Choudhury, Parichoy P., Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo L. J., Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Giles, Graham G., Southey, Melissa C., MacInnis, Robert J., Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Lubinski, Jan, Rentsch, Christopher T., Cho, Kelly, Mcmahon, Benjamin H., Neal, David E., Donovan, Jenny L., Hamdy, Freddie C., Martin, Richard M., Nordestgaard, Borge G., Nielsen, Sune F., Weischer, Maren, Bojesen, Stig E., Røder, Andreas, Stroomberg, Hein V., Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Horvath, Lisa, Clements, Judith A., Tilly, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail P., Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Nordstrom, Tobias, Pashayan, Nora, Dunning, Alison M., Ghoussaini, Maya, Travis, Ruth C., Key, Tim J., Riboli, Elio, Park, Jong Y., Sellers, Thomas A., Lin, Hui-Yi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie, Cook, Michael B., Mucci, Lorelei A., Giovannucci, Edward, Lindstrom, Sara, Kraft, Peter, Hunter, David J., Penney, Kathryn L., Turman, Constance, Tangen, Catherine M., Goodman, Phyllis J., Thompson, Jr., Ian M., Hamilton, Robert J., Fleshner, Neil E., Finelli, Antonio, Parent, Marie-Élise, Stanford, Janet L., Ostrander, Elaine A., Koutros, Stella, Beane Freeman, Laura E., Stampfer, Meir, Wolk, Alicja, Håkansson, Niclas, Andriole, Gerald L., Hoover, Robert N., Machiela, Mitchell J., Sørensen, Karina Dalsgaard, Borre, Michael, Blot, William J., Zheng, Wei, Yeboah, Edward D., Mensah, James E., Lu, Yong-Jie, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Feng, Ninghan, Mao, Xueying, Wu, Yudong, Zhao, Shan-Chao, Sun, Zan, Thibodeau, Stephen N., McDonnell, Shannon K., Schaid, Daniel J., West, Catharine M. L., Barnett, Gill, Maier, Christiane, Schnoeller, Thomas, Luedeke, Manuel, Kibel, Adam S., Drake, Bettina F., Cussenot, Olivier, Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine, Menegaux, Florence, Truong, Thérèse, Koudou, Yves Akoli, John, Esther M., Grindedal, Eli Marie, Maehle, Lovise, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Ingles, Sue A., Stern, Mariana C., Vega, Ana, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Fachal, Laura, Rosenstein, Barry S., Kerns, Sarah L., Ostrer, Harry, Teixeira, Manuel R., Paulo, Paula, Brandão, Andreia, Watya, Stephen, Lubwama, Alexander, Bensen, Jeannette T., Butler, Ebonee N., Mohler, James L., Taylor, Jack A., Kogevinas, Manolis, Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Teerlink, Craig C., Huff, Chad D., Pilie, Patrick, Yu, Yao, Bohlender, Ryan J., Gu, Jian, Strom, Sara S., Multigner, Luc, Blanchet, Pascal, Brureau, Laurent, Kaneva, Radka, Slavov, Chavdar, Mitev, Vanio, Leach, Robin J., Brenner, Hermann, Chen, Xuechen, Holleczek, Bernd, Schöttker, Ben, Klein, Eric A., Hsing, Ann W., Kittles, Rick A., Murphy, Adam B., Logothetis, Christopher J., Kim, Jeri, Neuhausen, Susan L., Steele, Linda, Ding, Yuan Chun, Isaacs, William B., Nemesure, Barbara, Hennis, Anselm J. M., Carpten, John, Pandha, Hardev, Michael, Agnieszka, De Ruyck, Kim, De Meerleer, Gert, Ost, Piet, Xu, Jianfeng, Razack, Azad, Lim, Jasmine, Teo, Soo-Hwang, Newcomb, Lisa F., Lin, Daniel W., Fowke, Jay H., Neslund-Dudas, Christine M., Rybicki, Benjamin A., Gamulin, Marija, Lessel, Davor, Kulis, Tomislav, Usmani, Nawaid, Abraham, Aswin, Singhal, Sandeep, Parliament, Matthew, Claessens, Frank, Joniau, Steven, Van den Broeck, Thomas, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Castelao, Jose Esteban, Martinez, Maria Elena, Larkin, Samantha, Townsend, Paul A., Aukim-Hastie, Claire, Bush, William S., Aldrich, Melinda C., Crawford, Dana C., Srivastava, Shiv, Cullen, Jennifer, Petrovics, Gyorgy, Casey, Graham, Wang, Ying, Tettey, Yao, Lachance, Joseph, Tang, Wei, Biritwum, Richard B., Adjei, Andrew A., Tay, Evelyn, Truelove, Ann, Niwa, Shelley, Yamoah, Kosj, Govindasami, Koveela, Chokkalingam, Anand P., Keaton, Jacob M., Hellwege, Jacklyn N., Clark, Peter E., Jalloh, Mohamed, Gueye, Serigne M., Niang, Lamine, Ogunbiyi, Olufemi, Shittu, Olayiwola, Amodu, Olukemi, Adebiyi, Akindele O., Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen I., Ajibola, Hafees O., Jamda, Mustapha A., Oluwole, Olabode P., Nwegbu, Maxwell, Adusei, Ben, Mante, Sunny, Darkwa-Abrahams, Afua, Diop, Halimatou, Gundell, Susan M., Roobol, Monique J., Jenster, Guido, van Schaik, Ron H. N., Hu, Jennifer J., Sanderson, Maureen, Kachuri, Linda, Varma, Rohit, McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Torres, Mina, Preuss, Michael H., Loos, Ruth J. F., Zawistowski, Matthew, Zöllner, Sebastian, Lu, Zeyun, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K., Easton, Douglas F., Ambs, Stefan, Edwards, Todd L., Mägi, Reedik, Rebbeck, Timothy R., Fritsche, Lars, Chanock, Stephen J., Berndt, Sonja I., Wiklund, Fredrik, Nakagawa, Hidewaki, Witte, John S., Gaziano, J. Michael, Justice, Amy C., Mancuso, Nick, Terao, Chikashi, Eeles, Rosalind A., Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Madduri, Ravi K., Conti, David V., and Haiman, Christopher A.

Published
2023
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19. Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the heat equation on noncompact symmetric spaces

Author

Anker, Jean-Philippe, Papageorgiou, Effie, and Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 22E30, 35B40, 35K05, 58J35
Abstract

This paper is twofold. The first part aims to study the long-time asymptotic behavior of solutions to the heat equation on Riemannian symmetric spaces $G/K$ of noncompact type and of general rank. We show that any solution to the heat equation with bi-$K$-invariant $L^{1}$ initial data behaves asymptotically as the mass times the fundamental solution, and provide a counterexample in the non bi-$K$-invariant case. These answer problems recently raised by J.L. V\'azquez. In the second part, we investigate the long-time asymptotic behavior of solutions to the heat equation associated with the so-called distinguished Laplacian on $G/K$. Interestingly, we observe in this case phenomena which are similar to the Euclidean setting, namely $L^1$ asymptotic convergence with no bi-$K$-invariance condition and strong $L^{\infty}$ convergence., Comment: To appear in J. Funct. Anal

Published
2021
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22. Schr\'odinger equation on noncompact symmetric spaces

Author

Anker, Jean-Philippe, Meda, Stefano, Pierfelice, Vittoria, Vallarino, Maria, and Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 22E30, 35J10, 35P25, 43A85, 43A90
Abstract

We establish sharp-in-time kernel and dispersive estimates for the Schr\"odinger equation on non-compact Riemannian symmetric spaces of any rank. Due to the particular geometry at infinity and the Kunze-Stein phenomenon, these properties are more pronounced in large time and enable us to prove the global-in-time Strichartz inequality for a larger family of admissible couples than in the Euclidean case. Consequently, we obtain the global well-posedness for the corresponding semilinear equation with lower regularity data and some scattering properties for small powers which are known to fail in the Euclidean setting. The crucial kernel estimates are achieved by combining the stationary phase method based on a subtle barycentric decomposition, a subordination formula of the Schr\"odinger group to the wave propagator and an improved Hadamard parametrix., Comment: 19 pages, major revision with more details

Published
2021
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24. Wave equation on general noncompact symmetric spaces

Author

Anker, Jean-Philippe and Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 22E30, 35L05, 43A85, 43A90
Abstract

We establish sharp pointwise kernel estimates and dispersive properties for the wave equation on noncompact symmetric spaces of general rank. This is achieved by combining the stationary phase method and the Hadamard parametrix, and in particular, by introducing a subtle spectral decomposition, which allows us to overcome a well-known difficulty in higher rank analysis, namely the fact that the Plancherel density is not a differential symbol in general. As consequences, we deduce the Strichartz inequality for a large family of admissible pairs and prove global well-posedness results for the corresponding semilinear equation with low regularity data as on hyperbolic spaces.

Published
2020
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25. Wave equation on certain noncompact symmetric spaces

Author

Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35Q55, 43A85, 22E30, 35P25, 47J35, 58D25
Abstract

In this paper, we prove sharp pointwise kernel estimates and dispersive properties for the linear wave equation on noncompact Riemannian symmetric spaces G/K of any rank with G complex. As a consequence, we deduce Strichartz inequalities for a large family of admissible pairs and prove global well-posedness results for the corresponding semilinear equation with low regularity data as on hyperbolic spaces., Comment: To appear in Pure and Applied Analysis

Published
2020
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26. Bottom of the $L^2$ spectrum of the Laplacian on locally symmetric spaces

Author

Anker, Jean-Philippe and Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Spectral Theory, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

We estimate the bottom of the $L^2$ spectrum of the Laplacian on locally symmetric spaces in terms of the critical exponents of appropriate Poincar\'e series. Our main result is the higher rank analog of a characterization due to Elstrodt, Patterson, Sullivan and Corlette in rank one. It improves upon previous results obtained by Leuzinger and Weber in higher rank., Comment: To appear in Geometriae Dedicata

Published
2020
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29. Asymptotic Behavior of the Heat Semigroup on Certain Riemannian Manifolds

Author

Grigor’yan, Alexander, Papageorgiou, Effie, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Benedetto, John J., Series Editor, Czaja, Wojciech, Series Editor, Okoudjou, Kasso, Series Editor, Aldroubi, Akram, Editorial Board Member, Casazza, Peter, Editorial Board Member, Cochran, Douglas, Editorial Board Member, Feichtinger, Hans G., Editorial Board Member, Gilbert, Anna C., Editorial Board Member, Heil, Christopher, Editorial Board Member, Jaffard, Stéphane, Editorial Board Member, Kutyniok, Gitta, Editorial Board Member, Maggioni, Mauro, Editorial Board Member, Molter, Ursula, Editorial Board Member, Shen, Zuowei, Editorial Board Member, Strohmer, Thomas, Editorial Board Member, Unser, Michael, Editorial Board Member, Wang, Yang, Editorial Board Member, Alonso Ruiz, Patricia, editor, Hinz, Michael, editor, Okoudjou, Kasso A., editor, Rogers, Luke G., editor, and Teplyaev, Alexander, editor

Published
2023
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32. Rapid determination of sulfites by microextraction-ion chromatography in red wine

Author

WANG Zhi-hong, LU Fei, NI Yong-fu, CAO Peng, and ZHANG Hong-wei

Subjects
micro extraction, ion chromatography, red wine, sulfites, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

Objective: In view of the improvement of the national standard method of distillation pretreatment, combined with the advantages of ion chromatography, a rapid determination of sulfite by microextract-ion chromatography in red wine was established. Methods: Sulfur dioxide was released by microextraction device, which was absorbed by sodium hydroxide solution to form sulfite, and then oxidized to sulfate. The samples were then filtered by 0.45 μm filter and determined by ion chromatograph. Results: The concentration of sulfite ion in range of 1.0~50 mg/L showed a linear relationship with the peak area, with correlation coefficient of 0.999 9, and the detection limit was 0.24 mg/L. The average recoveries of different levels of sulfate were 95.2%~99.1%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were 6.84%~8.65%. Conclusion: The method has the advantages of simple and fast pretreatment operation, reduced impurity interference significantly, and is suitable for the detection of batch samples.

Published
2023
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35. Wave and Klein-Gordon equations on certain locally symmetric spaces

Author

Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

This paper is devoted to study the dispersive properties of the linear Klein-Gordon and wave equations on a class of locally symmetric spaces. As a consequence, we obtain the Strichartz estimate and prove global well-posedness results for the corresponding semilinear equation with low regularity data as on real hyperbolic spaces.

Published
2018
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40. Modulating Ti t2g Orbital Bonding in Dual‐Channeled TiO2/rGO Hybrid Architecture for Stable Photocatalytic Methanol to Hydrogen.

Author

Yu, Wen‐Bei, Zhang, Heng‐Rui, Zhang, Hong‐Wei, Liu, Yao, Li, Yu, and Su, Bao‐Lian

Subjects
CARBON-based materials, CHEMICAL bonds, ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics), CHARGE carrier mobility, MOLECULAR orbitals
Abstract

Carbon materials are commonly integrated with TiO2 to achieve high carrier mobility and excellent photocatalytic performance, and the chemical bond between TiO2 − C is considered as a significant strategy to enhance efficiency. Nevertheless, few analyses have elucidated the formation mechanism of Ti3 + − C bonds and the underlying reasons for the performance enhancement. To address these issues, this study conducts an in‐depth investigation into the electronic structure of TiO2 − C and demonstrates that the charge in the nonbonding molecular orbital t2g of Ti3 + is transferred to the unoccupied 2p energy level of C through the formation of 1π and 2π bonds, i.e., (Ti 3dxz ‐ C 2py) and (Ti 3dxy ‐ C 2px). The hybridization of t2g‐2p orbitals endows the Ti3 + − C bond with higher carrier mobility and a stronger binding force, thereby contributing to stable photocatalytic H2 production. Inspired by this scenario, the NSTiO2/rGO hybrid architecture, featuring the {101}/{001} surface heterojunction and the Ti3 + − C interfacial chemical bond, has been constructed. As a result, the hybrid catalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic cycling stability of 92.9%$92.9 \,\%$ and an H2 evolution rate of 33.4 mmolh−1g−1. This work proposes a strategy for designing efficient photocatalyst by regulating orbitals to achieve high‐performance photocatalytic methanol splitting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. L^2-spectrum, growth indicator function and critical exponent on locally symmetric spaces.

Author

Wolf, Lasse L. and Zhang, Hong-Wei

Subjects
POINCARE series, SYMMETRIC spaces, EXPONENTS
Abstract

In this short note we observe, on locally symmetric spaces of higher rank, a connection between the growth indicator function introduced by Quint and the modified critical exponent of the Poincaré series equipped with the polyhedral distance. As a consequence, we provide a different characterization of the bottom of the L^2-spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator in terms of the growth indicator function. Moreover, we explore the relationship between these three objects and the temperedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Effect of fermentation on the constituents in the branches and leaves of Taxus media and non-small cell lung cancer.

Author

Guo, Xing, Wang, Rui-Sheng, Zhang, Zhen-Ling, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Wang, Sheng-Chao, Zhang, Shuai, Wu, Ya-Ning, Li, Ya-Jing, and Yuan, Jun

Subjects
NON-small-cell lung carcinoma, MTOR protein, ORGANIC acids, HIGH performance liquid chromatography, ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay
Abstract

Introduction: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a prominent lung cancer disease worldwide. Currently, commonly used methods, such as surgery and radiotherapy, have significant side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become a research hotspot because of its safe and effective characteristics. The branches and leaves of Taxus media are abundant in antitumor active compounds, and there has been no research conducted as yet regarding its anti–lung cancer molecular mechanism. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the antitumor activity of two samples before and after fermentation of T. media , and to research the molecular mechanism of its inhibitory effect on NSCLC. Methods: The chemical composition of pre-fermentation T. media (TM) and post-fermentation T. media qu (TMQ) were investigated using UHPLC-Q-Qrbitrap HRMS and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The anti-lung cancer activities of TM and TMQ were compared using an A549-induced tumor mouse model. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to determine the of TMQ mechanism of action. Results: The results indicated that TM and TMQ contained 83 compounds, consisting primarily of flavonoids, organic acids, and taxanes. Both taxanes and flavonoids in TMQ were higher than that in TM. Both TM and TMQ effectively inhibited the tumor growth in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the inhibition rate was greater in TMQ (57.24%) than in TM (49.62%). TMQ administration downregulated the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the glutathione (GSH) level and upregulated interferon-γ (IFN-γ), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the serum of tumor mice. TMQ treatment also increased the protein expression of Bax, Caspase-3, and Beclin-1 in tumor tissues. In contrast, the bcl-2, PI3K, Ki67, ULK1, and mTOR protein levels were suppressed by TMQ. Protein assay analyses reemphasized the superior antitumor effect of TMQ over TM. These cumulative findings demonstrated that the mechanism of action of TMQ was closely related to the activation of transcriptional misregulation in the cancer pathway that inhibited the cholinergic synaptic, AMPK, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that fermentation increased the active ingredient contents and antitumor effects of T. media. In addition, post-fermentation TMQ was superior to TM as a herbal medicine for NSCLC treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. Preparation technology and research progress of superalloy powders used for additive manufacturing

Author

HOU Wei-qiang, MENG Jie, LIANG Jing-jing, QIU Ke-qiang, REN Ying-lei, LI Jin-guo, WANG Dao-hong, ZHANG Peng, ZHANG Hong-wei, and TANG Gang-quan

Subjects
superalloys, spherical powders, additive manufacturing, powder defects, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract

Spherical powders are the important raw materials used for the preparation technology as the additive manufacturing, powder metallurgy, and injection molding. The composition, particle size, sphericility, and hollow powder rate of the spherical powders are the key factors for the final component performance. Three kinds of manufacture techniques for the engineering superalloy spherical powders as the vacuum induction melting gas atomization (VIGA), electrode induction melting gas atomization (EIGA), and plasma rotating electrode atomization (PREP) used for the additive manufacturing were described in this paper, the characteristics and research progress of these three kinds of manufacture techniques were analyzed, the defect formation reason and control method of the powders prepared by these three kinds of manufacture techniques were discussed, and the development trend of the superalloy powder preparation technologies used for the additive manufacturing was proposed.

Published
2022
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47. Association analyses of more than 140,000 men identify 63 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci

Author

Schumacher, Fredrick R, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Berndt, Sonja I, Benlloch, Sara, Ahmed, Mahbubl, Saunders, Edward J, Dadaev, Tokhir, Leongamornlert, Daniel, Anokian, Ezequiel, Cieza-Borrella, Clara, Goh, Chee, Brook, Mark N, Sheng, Xin, Fachal, Laura, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan, Muir, Kenneth, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Stevens, Victoria L, Gapstur, Susan M, Carter, Brian D, Tangen, Catherine M, Goodman, Phyllis J, Thompson, Ian M, Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Moya, Leire, Clements, Judith, Horvath, Lisa, Tilley, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail P, Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Nordström, Tobias, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie, Wolk, Alicja, Håkansson, Niclas, West, Catharine ML, Dunning, Alison M, Burnet, Neil, Mucci, Lorelei A, Giovannucci, Edward, Andriole, Gerald L, Cussenot, Olivier, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Koutros, Stella, Beane Freeman, Laura E, Sorensen, Karina Dalsgaard, Orntoft, Torben Falck, Borre, Michael, Maehle, Lovise, Grindedal, Eli Marie, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Martin, Richard M, Travis, Ruth C, Key, Tim J, Hamilton, Robert J, Fleshner, Neil E, Finelli, Antonio, Ingles, Sue Ann, Stern, Mariana C, Rosenstein, Barry S, Kerns, Sarah L, Ostrer, Harry, Lu, Yong-Jie, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Feng, Ninghan, Mao, Xueying, Guo, Xin, Wang, Guomin, Sun, Zan, Giles, Graham G, Southey, Melissa C, MacInnis, Robert J, FitzGerald, Liesel M, Kibel, Adam S, Drake, Bettina F, Vega, Ana, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Kogevinas, Manolis, Llorca, Javier, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Penney, Kathryn L, Stampfer, Meir, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Lin, Hui-Yi, Stanford, Janet L, and Cybulski, Cezary

Subjects
Cancer, Aging, Prostate Cancer, Genetics, Urologic Diseases, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Case-Control Studies, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, Risk, Profile Study, Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource, IMPACT Study, Canary PASS Investigators, Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, PRACTICAL (Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer-Associated Alterations in the Genome) Consortium, Cancer of the Prostate in Sweden, Prostate Cancer Genome-wide Association Study of Uncommon Susceptibility Loci, Genetic Associations and Mechanisms in Oncology (GAME-ON)/Elucidating Loci Involved in Prostate Cancer Susceptibility (ELLIPSE) Consortium, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and fine-mapping efforts to date have identified more than 100 prostate cancer (PrCa)-susceptibility loci. We meta-analyzed genotype data from a custom high-density array of 46,939 PrCa cases and 27,910 controls of European ancestry with previously genotyped data of 32,255 PrCa cases and 33,202 controls of European ancestry. Our analysis identified 62 novel loci associated (P C, p.Pro1054Arg) in ATM and rs2066827 (OR = 1.06; P = 2.3 × 10-9; T>G, p.Val109Gly) in CDKN1B. The combination of all loci captured 28.4% of the PrCa familial relative risk, and a polygenic risk score conferred an elevated PrCa risk for men in the ninetieth to ninety-ninth percentiles (relative risk = 2.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.55-2.82) and first percentile (relative risk = 5.71; 95% CI: 5.04-6.48) risk stratum compared with the population average. These findings improve risk prediction, enhance fine-mapping, and provide insight into the underlying biology of PrCa1.

Published
2018

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