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In this study, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was used as a stabilizer, and NaOH, TBHP, and benzoyl chloride were used as reactants in the preparation of tert–butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) using a two–step process. The process conditions were optimized by a three–factor, three–level Box–Behnken design approach. The results showed that the yield of TBPB achieved 88.93% under the optimum conditions of temperature of 31.50 °C, feeding time of 22.00 min, and NaOH concentration of 15%. The exothermic properties of the synthesis of TBPB were investigated using reaction calorimetry. The thermal decomposition characteristics of reactants and products were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC), and the changes in substance types, characteristic peaks, and exothermic quantities during the reaction were analyzed before and after the reaction by FTIR. The reaction mechanism was proposed by combining EasyMax 102, RC1e, gas chromatography (GC), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). A comprehensive study of the reaction mechanism and reaction exotherm was carried out using density functional theory (DFT) to predict the reaction energy change and the direction of the reaction and to determine whether the reaction was reversible or not. The risk level for the synthesis of TBPB in semi–batch mode was evaluated using a risk matrix and the Stoessel criticality diagram. The optimal conditions for the TBPB synthesis process in a plate microreactor were explored. Both microreactors and semi–batch modes were comparatively analyzed using the m–ITHI quantitative assessment method. The results indicated a hazard class 2 in semi–batch mode and a hazard class 1 in the microreactor. The results of the study may provide a reference for the further improvement of the intrinsically safe design of the synthetic TBPB process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In this study, six groups of carrots were designed and fermented using Weissella paramensenteroides MbWp142 (WP), Levilactobacillus brevis GDMCC 1.773 (LS), Leuconostoc mesenteroides GDMCC 1.774 (SE), mixed fermentation of three lactic acid bacteria (WP + LS + SE), pasteurisation group (BG) and natural fermentation group (CK). GC–MS results indicated that inoculation of WP + LS + SE increased the types and contents of flavour substances such as alcohols, esters and hydrocarbons. Compared with other experimental groups, the peak nitrite value in the LS group was lower due to the production of organic acids by lactic acid bacteria. Sensory evaluation revealed that the quality and flavour of carrot fermented by LS were superior to those fermented by SE, WP and WP + LS + SE. Therefore, Levilactobacillus brevis used as a starter for fermenting carrot can enhance product quality and reduce nitrite accumulation during fermentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Document distortion correction is the basic step of document OCR(optical character recognition),which plays an important role in improving the accuracy of OCR.Document image distortion correction often depends on text extraction.However,most of the current document image correction algorithms cannot accurately locate and analyze the text in complex documents,resulting in unsatisfactory correction effects.To address this problem,a text detection framework based on a fully convolutional network is proposed,and the synthetic document is used to train the network to achieve accurate acquisition of three-level text information of characters,words,and text lines.A self-adaptive sampling of text and three-dimensional modeling of the page using a cubic function will transform the correction problem into a model parameter optimization problem to achieve the purpose of correcting complex document images.Correction experiments using synthetic distortion documents and real test data show that the proposed correction method can accurately extract text from complex documents,significantly improve the visual effect of complex document image correction.Compared with other algorithms,the accuracy rate of OCR after correction significantly increa-ses.

The Damoqujia gold deposit within the Zhaoping Fault Zone on Jiaodong Peninsula in eastern China is hosted primarily by Mesozoic granitoids and contains >60t of gold, making it an important gold producer. Three mineralization stages are distinguished (early, middle, and late): (K-feldspar)-sericite-quartz-pyrite, quartz - gold - polymetallic sulfides, and quartz--carbonate. Gold deposition occurred mainly in the middle stage. The primary fluid inclusions of three stages are mainly homogenized at temperatures of 236-389,191-346, and 104-251 [degrees]C, with salinities of 2.96-11.33,1.39-17.28, and 0.53-11.48 wt.% NaCl equivalent, respectively. Fluid inclusion studies indicate that the metallogenic system evolved from C[O.sub.2]-rich mesothermal homogeneous fluids to C[O.sub.2]-poor aqueous fluids due to inputs of meteoric waters. The gold was carried as a bisulfide complex in the ore-forming fluids. Precipitation of gold was caused by a combination of fluid immiscibility and water-rock interaction. Studies of the fluid inclusion characteristics (medium temperature, C[O.sub.2]-rich, and low salinity [H.sub.2]O--C[O.sub.2]-NaCl homogeneous system), hydrogen and oxygen isotopes ([mathematical expression not reproducible] = -1.0[per thousand] to 7.6[per thousand], [delta]D = -109[per thousand] to -77[per thousand]), sulfur values ([mathematical expression not reproducible] = 4.5[per thousand] to 8.5[per thousand]), and regional geological events show that the ore-forming fluids reservoir was likely metamorphic in origin. Based on the immiscibility of fluid inclusion assemblages, the estimated depth and pressure of trapping are 8.3-10.2 km and 83-276 MPa, respectively, corresponding to the depth and pressure of mineralization. Key words: fluid inclusion, fluid evolution, stable isotope geochemistry, Damoqujia gold deposit, Jiaodong Peninsula. Le gisement aurifere de Damoqujia, dans la zone de faille de Zhaoping, dans la peninsule de Jiaodong de l'est de la Chine git principalement dans des granitoides mesozoiques et contient >60 t d'or, ce qui en fait un important producteur aurifere. Trois phases de mineralisation sont relevees (precoce, intermediaire et tardive), a savoir : a (feldspath potassique)--sericite-quartz-pyrite, a quartz--or--sulfures polymetalliques, et a quartz-carbonate. Le depot de l'or a principalement eu lieu durant la phase intermediaire. Les temperatures des inclusions fluides primaires des trois phases sont generalement de 236-389, 191-346, et 104-251 [degrees]C, pour des salinites de 2,96-11,33,1,39-17,28, et 0,53-11,48 % en poids d'equivalents NaCl, respectivement. Les analyses des inclusions fluides indiquent que le systeme metallogenique est passe de fluides mesothermaux riches en C[O.sub.2] a des fluides aqueux pauvres en C[O.sub.2] en raison d'apports d'eaux meteoriques. L'or a ete transporte sous forme de complexe d'hydrogenosulfure dans les fluides mineralisateurs. La precipitation de l'or est le resultat d'une combinaison d'immiscibilite des fluides et d'interactions eau-roche. Des etudes des caracteristiques des inclusions fluides (systeme a [H.sub.2]O--C[O.sub.2]-NaCl homogene de faible salinite, riche en C[O.sub.2] et de temperature intermediaire), des isotopes de l'hydrogene et de l'oxygene ([mathematical expression not reproducible] = -1,0 a 7,6 [per thousand], [delta]D = -109 a -77 [per thousand]) et des isotopes du soufre ([mathematical expression not reproducible] = 4,5 a 8,5 [per thousand]) et les episodes geologiques regionaux indiquent que le reservoir de fluides mineralisateurs etait probablement d'origine metamorphique. A la lumiere de l'immiscibilite des assemblages des inclusions fluides, la profondeur et la pression de piegeage estimees sont de 8,3-10,2 km et 83-276 MPa, respectivement, correspondant a la profondeur et a la pression de mineralisation. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: inclusion fluide, evolution des fluides, geochimie des isotopes stables, gisement aurifere de Damoqujia, peninsule de Jiaodong., Introduction Jiaodong Peninsula, located in the southeastern part of the North China Craton (NCC; Fig. 1), is one of the most important gold mineralization belts in China (with gold reserves [...]

The experiment aimed to explore the impact of organic fertilizer on the quality, digestive characteristics, and aerobic stability of whole-plant corn silage of different varieties. A two-factor experimental design was employed, using four corn varieties: Da Kang 205 (DK205), High Oil 958 (HO958), Zhong Yu 335 (ZY335), and Zhong Nong 787 (ZN787). Two treatments were applied: Organic fertilizer application and no organic fertilizer application. The whole plants were harvested at the wax ripening stage and subjected to whole-plant ensiling. After a 200-day fermentation period, relevant indicators were analyzed. The results showed that the interaction effect of variety and organic fertilizer had an impact on the content of lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen ratio ( P<0.05). The Interaction effect of variety and organic fertilizer had an impact on the content of dry matter, crude protein, starch, and acid detergent fiber ( P<0.05). The organic fertilizer group exhibited higher in vitro dry matter digestibility and aerobic stability, with ZN787 showing significantly higher in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility than the other three varieties ( P<0.05). The study indicates that the application of organic fertilizer has varying degrees of improvement on the quality, digestive characteristics, and aerobic stability of whole-plant corn silage for different varieties. ZN787 is suitable for promoting whole-plant corn silage cultivation in the Inner Mongolia region, and the application of organic fertilizer can further enhance the silage quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, a novel ferrocenyl pyrazoline–based organic gelator (Z) was synthesised and studied. Adding Z in various solvents could form stable organic gels, the state of which could be reversibly converted to the solution form from the gel form by heating or cooling. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that intermolecular hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking and van der Waals interaction are the key to form organogels via the self-assembly of Z. The optical properties and fluorescence spectra of the compound were studied using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry. We found that the fluorescence of Z is highly selective and responsive to different metal ions, including Cu2+. Z was further used for intracellular imaging of living BHK-21 cells, showing excellent bioactivity and thereby, indicating its potential in broad applications. In addition, Z can respond to radiation, heating and vibration, thus giving the organic gel more stimulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]