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High-impact weather affects the safety and economic operation of power systems. In this study, to provide regional microclimate of high-impact weather for the local power grid system in the northern Heibei province (known as the Jibei region in China), ERA5-Land global reanalysis data during 1981–2020 with a 0.1° grid size (about 9 km) are adopted to analyze the climate statistics and changes of the disastrous weather that affects the power grids. The results show that there have been significant climate changes in the region, including a temperature increase of about 1 °C, evident humidity and precipitation reductions, for the Jibei region and the six sub-regions that concentrated with wind and solar energy development in the 40 years. Due to the differences in terrain, the climate changes differ significantly among the six renewable energy development regions. The main types of high-impact weather that affect the power grid in the region are heavy fog and icing events, followed by cold waves, snowstorms, and rainstorms. In general, with climate changes in the last several decades, the weather disasters in Jibei region have become more frequent. Since most high-impact weather events have a small scale, it is necessary to simulate the weather processes with high-resolution models to accurately quantify the characteristics of the weather processes that affect the power grid. Therefore, a refined regional meteorological model (with grid size of 2 km) based on four-dimensional data assimilation (JB-FDDA) is established for the Jibei region. With one year of model reanalysis data, we found that JB-FDDA can significantly improve the accuracy of the local meteorological fields, and properly depicted the details of severe weather that affect the power grid operation. This study provide an analytical approach for regional electricity meteorological disasters by using reanalysis data.

Cancer cells subvert multiple properties of normal cells, including escaping strict cell cycle regulation, gaining resistance to cell death, and remodeling the tumor microenvironment. The hallmarks of cancer have recently been updated and summarized. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 1 (NFE2L1, also named NRF1) belongs to the cap'n'collar (CNC) basic-region leucine zipper (bZIP) family. It acts as a transcription factor and is indispensable for maintaining both cellular homoeostasis and organ integrity during development and growth, as well as adaptive responses to pathophysiological stressors. In addition, NFE2L1 mediates the proteasome bounce-back effect in the clinical proteasome inhibitor therapy of neuroblastoma, multiple myeloma, and triple-negative breast cancer, which quickly induces proteasome inhibitor resistance. Recent studies have shown that NFE2L1 mediates cell proliferation and metabolic reprogramming in various cancer cell lines. We combined the framework provided by "hallmarks of cancer" with recent research on NFE2L1 to summarize the role and mechanism of NFE2L1 in cancer. These ongoing efforts aim to contribute to the development of potential novel cancer therapies that target the NFE2L1 pathway and its activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: We present a rare case of a female pelvic solitary fibrous tumor unsuccessfully resected using single‐port laparoscopy, requiring conversion to laparotomy. Although the resection was successful, the surgical approach could have been improved. For large tumors, minimally invasive results are possible with flexible choices of equipment and incision position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare form of chronic inflammatory breast disease. Although it is a benign breast lesion, it may be sometimes difficult to distinguish from breast cancer. The cause of IGM is unknown, but may be associated with autoimmunity, abnormal hormone levels and infection. While the clinical manifestations of IGM involve various manifestations of inflammation, the diagnosis is principally established by histopathology, characterized by non-caseating granulomas and microabscess formation centered on the breast lobules. Therapeutic options for IGM range from observation to various medical treatments, such as steroids, immunosuppressants, and antibiotics, to surgical intervention, particularly if secondarily infected. Given that the controversy on etiology and treatment choices, we accomplished the present review through reviewing IGM-related literature published in 'Pubmed' and 'Web of science' databases during 1997 to 2020, aiming to provide the basis for rational clinical diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiation-induced enteritis is a major side effect in cancer patients undergoing abdominopelvic radiotherapy. The Nrf2/HO-1 pathway is a critical endogenous antioxidant stress pathway, but its precise role in radiation-induced enteritis remains to be clarified. Polysaccharides extracted from Rheum tanguticum (RTP) can protect the intestinal cells from radiation-induced damage, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. SD rats and IEC-6 cells were exposed to 12 or 10 Gy X-ray radiation. Rat survival, and histopathological and immunohistochemical profiles were analyzed at different time points. Indicators of oxidative stress and inflammatory response were also assessed. Cell viability, apoptosis and Nrf2/HO-1 expression were evaluated at multiple time points. Significant changes were observed in the physiological and biochemical indexes of rats after radiation, accompanied by significant oxidative stress response. The mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 peaked at 12 h after irradiation, and HO-1 expression peaked at 48 h after irradiation. RTP administration reduced radiation-induced intestinal damage, upregulated Nrf2/HO-1, improved physiological indexes, significantly decreased apoptosis and inflammatory factors, and upregulated HO-1, particularly at 48 h after irradiation. In conclusion, Nrf2 is activated in the early stage of radiation-induced intestinal injury and plays a protective role. RTP significantly ameliorates radiation-induced intestinal injury via the regulation of Nrf2 and its downstream protein HO-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in cognitive performance due to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) are closely correlated to the brain structure alteration. A univariate and personalized neurodegenerative biomarker with strong statistical power based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will benefit clinical diagnosis and prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases. However, few biomarkers of this type have been developed, especially those that are robust to image noise and applicable to clinical analyses. In this paper, we introduce a variational framework to compute optimal transportation (OT) on brain structural MRI volumes and develop a univariate neuroimaging index based on OT to quantify neurodegenerative alterations. Specifically, we compute the OT from each image to a template and measure the Wasserstein distance between them. The obtained Wasserstein distance, Wasserstein Index (WI) for short to specify the distance to a template, is concise, informative and robust to random noise. Comparing to the popular linear programming-based OT computation method, our framework makes use of Newton's method, which makes it possible to compute WI in large-scale datasets. Experimental results, on 314 subjects (140 Aβ + AD and 174 Aβ- normal controls) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) baseline dataset, provide preliminary evidence that the proposed WI is correlated with a clinical cognitive measure (the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score), and it is able to identify group difference and achieve a good classification accuracy, outperforming two other popular univariate indices including hippocampal volume and entorhinal cortex thickness. The current pilot work suggests the application of WI as a potential univariate neurodegenerative biomarker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Interventions that combat obesity and its associated metabolic perturbations may decrease incidence and improve outcomes of endometrial cancer (EC). Potential options for weight loss include pharmacotherapeutic interventions such as tirzepatide, a dual-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist. Given this, we explored the anti-obesity and anti-tumorigenic effects of tirzepatide in our pre-clinical mouse model of endometrioid EC., Methods: Starting at 4 weeks of age, Lkb1 fl/fl p53 fl/fl mice were fed a low-fat diet vs a high-fat diet to generate a lean or obese phenotype. Nine weeks after induction of EC, obese and lean mice were randomized to receive tirzepatide for 4 weeks. Body and tumor weights, tumor transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles, and serum metabolic markers and chemokines were assessed., Results: Both obese and lean mice began to lose body weight after 2 weeks of tirzepatide treatment, ultimately achieving a significant weight loss of 20.1 % in obese mice and 16.8 % in lean mice. Tirzepatide improved obesity-induced serum adiponectin, leptin, GIP, and C-reactive protein levels. Furthermore, tirzepatide relative to vehicle, effectively reduced tumor growth in obese and lean mice, inhibited the ErbB signaling and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis in tumors of obese mice, and increased O-linked glycosylation biosynthesis and phospholipase D signaling in tumors of lean mice., Conclusion: Tirzepatide decreased both mouse weight and tumor growth via effects on metabolic and immune pathways in the EC tumors that differed between obese and lean mice. This novel weight loss treatment deserves further evaluation as an innovative strategy in the management of EC., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors did not disclose potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)