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This review summarized the source, structural properties and applications of eggshell membrane (ESM) in various industries. The application limitation and future prospect of ESM were analyzed and prospected.

A water-soluble perylene bisimide derivative, N, N'-di(2-succinic acid)-perylene-3, 4, 9, 10-tetracarboxylic bisimide (PASP) was synthesized by using 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and L-aspartic acid as starting materials. The PASP were grafted onto graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) via hydrothermal method to prepare PASP modified g-C3N4 hybrid photocatalyst (g-C3N4-PASP). The composition, structure, morphology and optical properties of the prepared g-C3N4-PASP samples were typically characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-Vis DRS), and solid-state fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, the photocatalytic activities of the prepared g-C3N4-PASP photocatalysts were evaluated by decomposition of methylene blue(MB) pollutant in water solution under visible light. The results reveal that PASP can be facilely linked to the g-C3N4 covalently via amide bond by hydrothermal treatment; compared to pristine g-C3N4, the g-C3N4-PASP possesses obviously higher specific surface area, dramatic red shifted absorption edge of 614 nm, and more efficient charge separation. Therefore, the visible light photo-catalytic degradation of MB pollution in water over the g-C3N4-PASP is notably improved. The g-C3N4-PASP could degrade 99.4% of MB dyes in 60 min under visible light irradiations (λ >420 nm), with a pseudo-first-order rate constant 2 times higher than that of pristine g-C3N4.

Novel and highly stable nitronyl nitroxide radical (NIT) derivatives were synthesized and coated on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to improve their desulfurization performance. They were characterized by FTIR, UV-vis, SEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy and ESR. Thiophene in fuel was desulfurized by molecular O2, and the oxidation activity of these compounds was evaluated. At a normal temperature and pressure, the degradation rates of thiophene by four compounds in 4 h can reach 92.66%, 96.38%, 93.25% and 89.49%, respectively. The MWCNTs/NIT-F have a high special activity for the degradation of thiophene, and their desulfurization activity can be recycled for five times without a significant reduction. The mechanistic studies of MWCNTs/NIT composites show that the ammonium oxide ion is the key active intermediate in catalytic oxidative desulfurization, which provides a new choice for fuel oxidative desulfurization. The results show that NIT significantly improves the photocatalytic performance of MWCNTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a sudden-onset disease of the digestive system caused by abnormal activation of pancreatic enzymes. Dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) has been found to be elevated in the progression of a variety of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we analyzed the specific roles of DUOX2 in AP development. Blood samples were collected from of AP patients and healthy people, and the caerulein- stimulated human pancreatic duct cells (H6C7) were utilized to establish an AP cell model. Cell growth and apoptosis were measured using an MTT assay and TUNEL staining. Additionally, RT-qPCR and western blot assays were conducted to assess the RNA and protein expressions of the cells. ELISA kits were used to determine TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β levels. The interaction between DUOX2 and miR-605-3p was predicted using the Targetscan database and confirmed by dual-luciferase report assay. We found that DUOX2 increased while miR-605-3p decreased in the blood of AP patients and caerulein-stimulated H6C7 cells. DUOX2 was targeted by miR-605-3p. Furthermore, DUOX2 knockdown or miR-605-3p overexpression promoted cell viability, decreased the TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β levels, and inhibited apoptosis rate in caerulein-stimulated H6C7 cells. DUOX2 knockdown or miR-605-3p overexpression also increased the Bcl-2 protein levels and down-regulated Bax, cleaved-caspase-1, NLRP3 and p-p65. Interestingly, DUOX2 overexpression reversed the miR-605-3p mimic function in the caerulein-treated H6C7 cells. In conclusion, our research demonstrated that DUOX2 knockdown relieved the injury and inflammation in caerulein-stimulated H6C7 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The African swine fever virus (ASFV) is an ancient, structurally complex, double-stranded DNA virus that causes African swine fever. Since its discovery in Kenya and Africa in 1921, no effective vaccine or antiviral strategy has been developed. Therefore, the selection of more suitable vaccines or antiviral targets is the top priority to solve the African swine fever virus problem. B125R, one of the virulence genes of ASFV, encodes a non-structural protein (pB125R), which is important in ASFV infection. However, the epitope of pB125R is not well characterized at present. We observed that pB125R is specifically recognized by inactivated ASFV-positive sera, suggesting that it has the potential to act as a protective antigen against ASFV infection. Elucidation of the antigenic epitope within pB125R could facilitate the development of an epitope-based vaccine targeting ASFV. In this study, two strains of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against pB125R were produced by using the B cell hybridoma technique, named 9G11 and 15A9. The antigenic epitope recognized by mAb 9G11 was precisely located by using a series of truncated ASFV pB125R. The 52DPLASQRDIYY62 (epitope on ASFV pB125R) was the smallest epitope recognized by mAb 9G11 and this epitope was highly conserved among different strains. The key amino acid sites were identified as D52, Q57, R58, and Y62 by the single-point mutation of 11 amino acids of the epitope by alanine scanning. In addition, the immunological effects of the epitope (pB125R-DY) against 9G11 were evaluated in mice, and the results showed that both full-length pB125R and the epitope pB125R-DY could induce effective humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. The mAbs obtained in this study reacted with the eukaryotic-expressed antigen proteins and the PAM cell samples infected with ASFV, indicating that the mAb can be used as a good tool for the detection of ASFV antigen infection. The B cell epitopes identified in this study provide a fundamental basis for the research and development of epitope-based vaccines against ASFV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the current status of nursing staff's demand for virtual simulation training of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing technology, and analyze its influencing factors, in order to lay a theoretical foundation for the targeted development and application of TCM nursing simulation training system. Methods From July to October 2019, 320 nursing staff from three tertiary first-class TCM hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected. The general information questionnaire designed by the researcher and the nursing staff were used to investigate the technical needs of TCM nursing. Status of nursing simulation training needs and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results Acupuncture, moxibustion and cupping were the three most important needs of nursing staff for virtual simulation technology training, and the demand levels were (90. 26 ± 3. 14) points, (89. 23 ± 2. 08) points, and (87. 29 ± 3. 68) points, respectively. Multi-factor analysis shows that working department, working years, and whether you have any knowledge of virtual simulation are factors that affect the training needs of nursing staff in traditional Chinese medicine virtual simulation technology. Conclusion Nursing staff had a high degree of demand for virtual simulation. High-risk nursing projects such as acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping can be used as the first priority for the development of a virtual simulation system for TCM nursing. Young medical nurses can be used as the first pilot of this system The personnel will help the system to exert the best training effect. (目的 探讨护理人员对中医护理技术虚拟仿真培训的需求现状, 并分析其影响因素, 为中医护理技术虚拟仿真培训系统的针对性开发及应用提供参考。方法 2019年7月—10月, 选取广东省3家三级甲等中医院320名护理人员, 采用研究者自行设计的一般资料调查表及护理人员对中医护理技术需求问卷进行调查, 分析护理人员对中医护理技术虚拟仿真培训需求的现状及其影响因素。结果 护理人员对虚拟仿真技术培训需求程度居前3位的分别为针刺、艾灸、拔火罐, 需求程度分别为(90. 26±3. 14)分、(89. 23±2. 08)分、(87. 29±3. 68)分。多因素分析显示, 工作科室、工作年限、有无了解过虚拟仿真为影响护理人员中医虚拟仿真技术培训需求的因素。结论 护理人员对虚拟仿真的需求程度整体较高, 针刺、艾灸、拔火罐等高风险护理项目可作为中医护理虚拟仿真系统开发的首优项目, 内科青年护理人员可作为此系统的首批试点人员, 将有利于该系统发挥最佳培训效果。)

Background: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is one of the causes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The increase in survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is closely related to early detection and shortening the first defibrillation time. The implementation of AEDs deployment plan in public places in Hangzhou City provides an opportunity to improve the survival rate after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and the benefits and potentials are enormous. Aims and Objective: Placing AEDs in public areas can effectively treat patients with pre-hospital cardiac arrest, by evaluating the configuration and usage of public AEDs in Hangzhou during the past five years, to provide the basis for improving the public areas’ configuration AEDs network layout and related training management. Materials and Methods: The number of AEDs in public areas, the use of AEDs and the treatment effect in Hangzhou city from 2015 to 2020 were collected. Results: The number of AEDs in public areas, the use of AEDs and the treatment effect in Hangzhou city from 2015 to 2020 were collected. In 5 years, a total of 1201 AEDs were configured, Placed in densely populated areas such as transportation hubs, schools, and scenic spots as the main locations. 32 patients suffered prehospital cardiac arrest and used AEDs, the average age of the patients was 40.56 ± 17.20, and the ratio of male to female was 3.57:1, In 26 cases, the initial heart rhythm was ventricular fibrillation and defibrillation, Before the first aid personnel arrived, the first witnesses Implement rescue, 22 patients with ventricular fibrillation were resuscitated successfully, 10 cases failed to ROSC. In 6 patients with suspected cardiac arrest, there was no electric shock defibrillation, and the device correctly indicates that the problem is not caused by ventricular fibrillation, In 4 cases, there was no defibrillating rhythm. Conclusion: AEDs in public areas are effectively used to assist in the treatment of patients with cardiac arrest; It can increase the rate of main circulation recovery. We will further increase the number of AEDs in public places, promote first aid training programs for non-professionals, Improving the public health emergency network system is essential to improve the prognosis of patients with cardiac arrest.

The high-temperature composite phase change materials (HCPCMs) were prepared from solid waste blast furnace slag (BFS) and NaCl-KCl binary eutectic salt to achieve efficient and cost-effective utilization. To ensure good chemical compatibility with chlorine salt, modifier fly ash (FA) was incorporated and subjected to high-temperature treatment for the processing of industrial solid waste BFS, which possesses a complex chemical composition. The HCPCMs were synthesized through a three-step process involving static melting, solid waste modification, and mixing–cold pressing–sintering. Then, the influence of the modification method and the amount of SiC thermal conductivity reinforced material on chemical compatibility and thermodynamic performance was explored. The results demonstrate that the predominant phase of the modified solid waste is Ca2Al2SiO7, which exhibits excellent chemical compatibility with chlorine salt. HCPCMs containing less than 50 wt.% chloride content exhibit good morphological stability without any cracks, with a melting temperature of 661.76 °C and an enthalpy value of 108.73 J/g. Even after undergoing 60 thermal cycles, they maintain good chemical compatibility, with leakage rates for melting and solidification enthalpies being only 6.3% and 0.23%, respectively. The equilibrium was achieved when 40 wt.% of chloride salt was encapsulated upon the addition of 10% of SiC, and the incorporation of SiC resulted in an enhancement of thermal conductivity for HCPCMs to 2.959 W/(m·K) at room temperature and 2.400 W/(m·K) at 200 °C, with an average increase of about 2 times. The cost of the prepared HCPCMs experienced a significant reduction of 81.3%, demonstrating favorable economic performance and promising prospects for application. The research findings presented in this article can offer significant insights into the efficient utilization of solid waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luban locks with mortise and tenon structure have structural diversity and architectural stability, and it is extremely challenging to synthesize Luban lock‐like structures at the molecular level. In this work, we report the cocrystallization of two structurally related atom‐precise fcc silver nanoclusters Ag110(SPhF)48(PPh3)12 (Ag110) and Ag14(μ6‐S)(SPhF)12(PPh3)8 (Ag14). It is worth noting that the Ag110 cluster is the first compound to simulate the complex Luban lock structure at the molecular level. Meanwhile, Ag110 is the largest known fcc‐based silver nanocluster, so far, there is no precedent for fcc silver nanocluster with more than 100 silver atoms. DFT calculations show that Ag110 is a 58‐electron superatom with an electronically closed shell1S21P61D102S21F142P61G18. Ag110⋅Ag14 can rapidly catalyze the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol within 4 minutes. In addition, Ag110 presents clear structural evidence to reveal the critical size and mechanism of the transformation of metal core from fcc stacking to quasi‐spherical superatom. This research work provides an important structural model for studying the nucleation mechanism and structural assembly of silver nanoclusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]