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Background: Cancer is a genetic disorder in which several factors like oncoviruses are involved. Among viruses, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) is a human oncovirus whose long-term infection leads to Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL). : The lack of a vaccine against HTLV-1 and limited efficacy of available treatments for ATLL due to the weakness of the immune system led us to develop novel therapeutic\prophylactic epitope vaccine, which is able to potentiate the immune system against HTLV-1. Methods: In this research, the amino acid sequences of TAX, HBZ, gp62 and NY-ESO-1 were retrieved from the UniProt database. Afterwards, the bioinformatics analyses were performed to select the Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) and Helper T Lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes using IEDB, RANKPEP, CTLpred and PA Complex servers. The selected epitopes, along with RS09 protein adjuvant, were connected to each other via proper amino acid linkers. : RS09 adjuvant was used as a TLR4 agonist to assure the induction of immune response. Then, the three-dimensional model of the protein vaccine was generated via Phyer2 software. In the next step, the optimization of the final structure of the protein vaccine was performed using GalaxyRefine, Galaxyloop and KOBAMIN servers. Results: Evaluation of 3D protein vaccine with ERRAT, PROSA-web and Ramachandran plots servers showed that the vaccine possesses a high-quality structure; moreover, the vaccine was antigen and non-allergen. Conclusion: We believe that the designed vaccine candidate can stimulate cellular and humoral immunity effectively; however, the potency of the vaccine should confirm via in vitro and in vivo immunological assays.

Background: A Fuzzy Cubic Set (FCS) is composed of a Fuzzy Set (FS) (certain fuzzy numbers) and an Interval-Valued Fuzzy Set (IVFS) (uncertain fuzzy numbers) to describe the hybrid information of both. To enhance the credibility of both, they should be closely related to the measures/degrees of credibility owing to the vagueness and uncertainty of humans’ cognitions regarding the real world. Objective: This paper presents the notions of a Fuzzy Cubic Credibility Set (FCCS) and a Fuzzy Cubic Credibility Number (FCCN) as the new generalization of the FCS notion to enhance the credibility level of FCS by means of the credibility degrees of both FS and IVFS. Next, we define operations of FCCNs, an expected value of FCCN, and the FCCN Weighted Arithmetic Averaging (FCCNWAA) and FCCN Weighted Geometric Averaging (FCCNWGA) operators for Decision Making (DM) strategy. Method: A DM strategy using the FCCNWAA or FCCNWGA operator is proposed to solve multicriteria DM problems in the environment of FCCNs. Then, the proposed DM strategy is applied to a DM example of slope design schemes for an open-pit mine in the environment of FCCNs to reflect the feasibility of the proposed DM strategy. Result: By comparison with the fuzzy cubic DM strategy, the DM results with and without the degrees of credibility, can impact on the ranking of alternatives in the DM example to reflect the effectiveness of the proposed DM strategy. Conclusion: However, the highlighting advantage of this study is that the proposed DM strategy not only indicates the degrees of credibility regarding the assessed values of FCNs in the DM process but also enhances the DM reliability in the environment of FCCNs. Hence, the proposed DM strategy is superior to the fuzzy cubic DM strategy in the environment of FCCNs.

The possible beneficial properties of functional foods are due to their content in bioactive ingredients, with specific biological properties. A number of processed functional foods are available in the market - probiotic yogurt, calcium and ω-3 fatty acids enriched orange juice and milk. Simultaneously, new research studies confer potential health benefits of various conventional foods (salmon, berries, green tea, vegetables, fruits, nuts, cereals and breads, etc.) termed as “superfood” which is a marketing term and there is no established medical definition. Following suitable dietary patterns, superfood reduces the risk of degenerative diseases by promoting physical and emotional health. Scientific evidences suggest that superfoods are a dense source of antioxidants, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients. There is insufficient research on the exact explanation of the term ‘superfood’and its health claims by different companies without any legislation. This buzz word has created confusion among consumers, that how much and what quantity should make a food superfood, as no single food may be as nutritious to be stated as a superfood. This article introduces further investigation on superfood which was categorized on the basis of their major constituents and potential health benefits. Further, there is a need for more reviews, researches, clinical trials and human case studies to investigate or test superfood.