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Argali stands as the largest species among wild sheep in Central and East Asia, with a concerning rate of decline estimated at 30%. The intraspecific taxonomy of argali remains contentious due to limited genomic data and unclear geographic separation. In this study, we constructed a chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation for the Tibetan argali (O. a. hodgsoni), together with population genomic resequencing of 32 individuals representing four subspecies. The contig-level genome was 2.64 Gb in size, with a contig N50 length of 71.69 Mb and an estimated genomic completeness of 96.01%. Using Hi-C sequencing data scaffolding, 99.90% of initially assembled sequences were mapped and oriented onto 28 pseudo-chromosomes except the Y chromosome. Annotation uncovered 21,564 protein-coding genes and 46.38% repeat sequences. The average coverage of the population resequencing data was 23.74 with mean mapping ratio up to of 97.19%. The high-quality genome assembly and annotation of the Tibetan argali, coupled with the high-depth population genomic data, will serve as a valuable genetic resource for studies on the taxonomy and conservation of argali. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tibetan frogs, Nanorana parkeri, are differentiated genetically but not morphologically along geographical and elevational gradients in a challenging environment, presenting a unique opportunity to investigate processes leading to speciation. Analyses of whole genomes of 63 frogs reveal population structuring and historical demography, characterized by highly restricted gene flow in a narrow geographic zone lying between matrilines West (W) and East (E). A population found only along a single tributary of the Yalu Zangbu River has the mitogenome only of E, whereas nuclear genes of W comprise 89-95% of the nuclear genome. Selection accounts for 579 broadly scattered, highly divergent regions (HDRs) of the genome, which involve 365 genes. These genes fall into 51 gene ontology (GO) functional classes, 14 of which are likely to be important in driving reproductive isolation. GO enrichment analyses of E reveal many overrepresented functional categories associated with adaptation to high elevations, including blood circulation, response to hypoxia, and UV radiation. Four genes, including DNAJC8 in the brain, TNNC1 and ADORA1 in the heart, and LAMB3 in the lung, differ in levels of expression between low- and high-elevation populations. High-altitude adaptation plays an important role in maintaining and driving continuing divergence and reproductive isolation. Use of total genomes enabled recognition of selection and adaptation in and between populations, as well as documentation of evolution along a stepped cline toward speciation.

Active vibration control is a critical issue of the wind turbine in the field of marine energy. First, based on a three-degree-of-freedom wind turbine, a state space model subject to wind and wave loads is obtained. Then, a delayed state feedback control scheme is illustrated to reduce the vibration of platform pitch angle and tower top foreaft displacement, where the control channel includes time-delay state signals. The designed controller's existence conditions are investigated. The simulation results show that the delayed feedback H ∞ controller can significantly suppress wind- and wave-induced vibration of the wind turbine. Furthermore, it presents potential advantages over the delay-free feedback H ∞ controller and the classic linear quadratic regulator in two aspects: vibration control performance and control cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with event-triggered H∞ control of sampled-data systems. Its novelties lie in three aspects: (i) A novel accumulated-state-error-based event-triggered scheme is introduced by comparing the integral of the state error from tk to t with the system state sampled at tk. This condition works well due to the fact that the so-called Zeno behaviour does not occur. (ii) A novel Lyapunov functional is constructed to establish a criterion to ensure some certain H∞ performance of the closed-loop system. This Lyapunov functional is dependent on the integral of the state error involved in the event-triggered scheme. (iii) Under the event-triggered sampling scheme, suitable state-feedback controllers can be designed rather than be given a priori. Moreover, a self-triggered implementation of the proposed event-triggered sampling scheme is presented as well. Finally, a batch reactor model and an inverted pendulum system are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three kinds of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with different particle sizes prepared by polyol pyrolysis, and the SPIONs contained Fe3O4 crystal phase with average particle sizes of 8.73, 12.57nm and 15.25nm. The nanoparticles have relatively uniform size distribution and good dispersion property and samples were all superparamagnetic at 300K. The aqueous dispersion of SPIONs with different particle sizes and concentrations were treated in alternating current magnetic field(ACMF) with a frequency of 425kHz and a magnetic field amplitude of 5.3kA·m-1 to conduct heating experiments.The relationship between the specific absorption rate (SAR) and the particle sizes of the samples were discussed. The Brownian relaxation time and Neel relaxation time were calculated. The results show that the heating rate of the aqueous samples increases with the increase of the particle sizes. When the initial temperature is 20℃, the increments of the temperature of 25, 27℃ and 35℃ in 480 seconds are measured for the three nanoparticle solutions (2mg·mL-1) with nanoparticle sizes of 8.7, 12.6nm and 15.3nm, respectively. The Neel relaxation time is shorter than the Brownian relaxation time, indicating that Neel relaxation dominates heating in this system. The larger the particle size is, the higher the SAR value will be, and the highest SAR value is 810W·g-1. The SAR value is negatively correlated with the concentration of the aqueous dispersion.