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Introduction:Vitiligo, a common autoimmune acquired pigmentary skin disorder, poses challenges due to its unclear pathogenesis. Evidence suggests inflammation and metabolism’s pivotal roles in its onset and progression. This study aims to elucidate the causal relationships between vitiligo and inflammatory proteins, immune cells, and metabolites, exploring bidirectional associations and potential drug targets.Methods:Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis encompassed 4,907 plasma proteins, 91 inflammatory proteins, 731 immune cell features, and 1400 metabolites. Bioinformatics analysis included Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network construction, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Subnetwork discovery and hub protein identification utilized the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin. Colocalization analysis and drug target exploration, including molecular docking validation, were performed.Results:MR analysis identified 49 proteins, 39 immune cell features, and 59 metabolites causally related to vitiligo. Bioinformatics analysis revealed significant involvement in PPI, GO enrichment, and KEGG pathways. Subnetwork analysis identified six central proteins, with Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3) exhibiting strong colocalization evidence. Molecular docking validated Piceatannol’s binding to IRF3, indicating a stable interaction.Conclusion:This study comprehensively elucidates inflammation, immune response, and metabolism’s intricate involvement in vitiligo pathogenesis. Identified proteins and pathways offer potential therapeutic targets, with IRF3 emerging as a promising candidate. These findings deepen our understanding of vitiligo’s etiology, informing future research and drug development endeavors.

BackgroundAnastomosing hemangioma (AH) is a rare vascular tumor and occurs in various organs. It is difficult to distinguish AH from malignant tumors even through multimodal imaging examination. AH located in the inguinal region is even rare. We present the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with spermatic cord AH in detail and conduct a literature review.Case ReportAn 84-year-old Chinese man had swelling pain in his right scrotum. A hard and fixed mass was palpable in the right inguinal region. Preoperative radiological examination considered it a neurogenic or vascular tumor. Malignant soft tissue sarcoma could not be excluded. He underwent radical inguinal right orchiectomy under intraspinal anesthesia. The diagnosis of spermatic cord AH was confirmed by pathological examination. The patient recovered uneventfully and remained disease-free during an 18-month follow-up.ConclusionSpermatic cord AH is quite rare and could be misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. Pathological evidence might be necessary. The optimal choice of treatment should be determined through a comprehensive assessment of both tumor and patient factors.