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9. Featured Cover

Author

Shao, Xiaoru, primary, Hu, Zhong, additional, Zhan, Yuxi, additional, Ma, Wenjuan, additional, Quan, Li, additional, and Lin, Yunfeng, additional

Published
2022
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11. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids alleviate irradiation‐induced salivary gland damage.

Author

Xie, Xueping, Ma, Wenjuan, Li, Guo, Zhan, Yuxi, Quan, Li, and Cai, Xiaoxiao

Subjects
NUCLEIC acids, SALIVARY glands, DRINKING (Physiology), SUBMANDIBULAR gland, CELL death, PYROPTOSIS, ANIMAL experimentation
Abstract

In this study, we investigated the role of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) in irradiation‐induced salivary gland damage in vitro and in vivo. Irradiation‐damaged submandibular gland cells (SMGCs) were treated with different concentrations of tFNAs. Cell activity was measured by CCK‐8 assay. Cell death was detected by Calcein‐AM/PI double staining. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis proteins and inflammatory cytokines were detected by western blot. Body weight, drinking volume, saliva flow rate and lag time was measured 8 weeks after irradiation. Micromorphological changes of submandibular gland were assessed by haematoxylin–eosin and masson staining. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and microvessel density of submandibular gland were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. tFNAs could promote cell proliferation, inhibit cell apoptosis of irradiation‐damaged SMGCs and reduce irradiation induced cell death. Mechanism studies revealed that tFNAs inhibited cell apoptosis through regulating the Bcl‐2/Bax/Caspase‐3 signalling pathway and inhibited the release of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6 to reduce cell damage caused by inflammation. Animal experiments showed that tFNAs could alleviate irradiation‐induced weight loss, increased water intake, decreased saliva production and prolonged salivation lag time and could ameliorate salivary gland damage. tFNAs have a positive effect on alleviating irradiation‐induced salivary gland damage and might be a promising agent for the treatment of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. The biological applications of DNA nanomaterials: current challenges and future directions

Author

0000-0003-1224-6561, Ma, Wenjuan, Zhan, Yuxi, Zhang, Yuxin, Mao, Chenchen, Xie, Xueping, Lin, Yunfeng, 0000-0003-1224-6561, Ma, Wenjuan, Zhan, Yuxi, Zhang, Yuxin, Mao, Chenchen, Xie, Xueping, and Lin, Yunfeng

Abstract

DNA, a genetic material, has been employed in different scientific directions for various biological applications as driven by DNA nanotechnology in the past decades, including tissue regeneration, disease prevention, inflammation inhibition, bioimaging, biosensing, diagnosis, antitumor drug delivery, and therapeutics. With the rapid progress in DNA nanotechnology, multitudinous DNA nanomaterials have been designed with different shape and size based on the classic Watson-Crick base-pairing for molecular self-assembly. Some DNA materials could functionally change cell biological behaviors, such as cell migration, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, autophagy, and anti-inflammatory effects. Some single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) or RNAs with secondary structures via self-pairing, named aptamer, possess the ability of targeting, which are selected by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and applied for tumor targeted diagnosis and treatment. Some DNA nanomaterials with three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures and stable structures are investigated as drug carrier systems to delivery multiple antitumor medicine or gene therapeutic agents. While the functional DNA nanostructures have promoted the development of the DNA nanotechnology with innovative designs and preparation strategies, and also proved with great potential in the biological and medical use, there is still a long way to go for the eventual application of DNA materials in real life. Here in this review, we conducted a comprehensive survey of the structural development history of various DNA nanomaterials, introduced the principles of different DNA nanomaterials, summarized their biological applications in different fields, and discussed the current challenges and further directions that could help to achieve their applications in the future.

Published
2021

23. Cover Image, Volume 51, Issue 6

Author

Ma, Wenjuan, primary, Xie, Xueping, additional, Shao, Xiaoru, additional, Zhang, Yuxin, additional, Mao, Chenchen, additional, Zhan, Yuxi, additional, Zhao, Dan, additional, Liu, Mengting, additional, Li, Qianshun, additional, and Lin, Yunfeng, additional

Published
2018
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26. Inhibiting Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure-Enabled Antisense Peptide Nucleic Acid Delivery

Author

Zhang, Yuxin, primary, Ma, Wenjuan, additional, Zhu, Ying, additional, Shi, Sirong, additional, Li, Qianshun, additional, Mao, Chenchen, additional, Zhao, Dan, additional, Zhan, Yuxi, additional, Shi, Jiye, additional, Li, Wei, additional, Wang, Lihua, additional, Fan, Chunhai, additional, and Lin, Yunfeng, additional

Published
2018
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28. Neuroprotective and Neurotherapeutic Effects of Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids on Parkinson’s Disease in Vitro

Author

Cui, Weitong, Zhan, Yuxi, Shao, Xiaoru, Fu, Wei, Xiao, Dexuan, Zhu, Junyao, Qin, Xin, Zhang, Tianyi, Zhang, Mei, Zhou, Yi, and Lin, Yunfeng

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a series of progressive motor disorders. PD is caused by dysfunction of basal ganglia, decrease of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra, and abnormal accumulation of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. Antiparkinsonian agents, which are currently used for treatment of PD, exhibit unsatisfactory effects on disease control. In recent years, tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (TFNAs) have been considered as multifunctional nanomaterials, and their scope of application has been extended to a wide range of areas. In previous studies, TFNAs were shown to exert positive effects on various cell types in processes such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. In the present study, we explored the role of TFNAs in the treatment and prevention of PD in vitroand elucidated its underlying mechanisms of action. On the basis of the experiments conducted, we demonstrated that TFNAs could inhibit and repair the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells through decreasing the accumulation of α-synuclein, one of the characteristic biomarkers of PD. Genes and proteins related to the AKT/PI3K signaling and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways were examined to further support this finding. Most importantly, TFNAs exhibited unexpected neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects on PC12 cells, providing a novel approach for reducing the neuropathological changes caused by PD.

Published
2024
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29. An Intelligent DNA Nanorobot with in VitroEnhanced Protein Lysosomal Degradation of HER2

Author

Ma, Wenjuan, Zhan, Yuxi, Zhang, Yuxin, Shao, Xiaoru, Xie, Xueping, Mao, Chenchen, Cui, Weitong, Li, Qian, Shi, Jiye, Li, Jiang, Fan, Chunhai, and Lin, Yunfeng

Abstract

DNA nanorobots have emerged as new tools for nanomedicine with the potential to ameliorate the delivery and anticancer efficacy of various drugs. DNA nanostructures have been considered one of the most promising nanocarriers. In the present study, we report a DNA framework-based intelligent DNA nanorobot for selective lysosomal degradation of tumor-specific proteins on cancer cells. We site-specifically anchored an anti-HER2 aptamer (HApt) on a tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA). This DNA nanorobot (HApt-tFNA) could target HER2-positive breast cancer cells and specifically induce the lysosomal degradation of the membrane protein HER2. An injection of the DNA nanorobot into a mouse model revealed that the presence of tFNA enhanced the stability and prolonged the blood circulation time of HApt, and HApt-tFNA could therefore drive HER2 into lysosomal degradation with a higher efficiency. The formation of the HER2-HApt-tFNA complexes resulted in the HER2-mediated endocytosis and digestion in lysosomes, which effectively reduced the amount of HER2 on the cell surfaces. An increased HER2 digestion through HApt-tFNA further induced cell apoptosis and arrested cell growth. Hence, this novel DNA nanorobot sheds new light on targeted protein degradation for precision breast cancer therapy.

Published
2019
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30. Inhibiting Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusby Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure-Enabled Antisense Peptide Nucleic Acid Delivery

Author

Zhang, Yuxin, Ma, Wenjuan, Zhu, Ying, Shi, Sirong, Li, Qianshun, Mao, Chenchen, Zhao, Dan, Zhan, Yuxi, Shi, Jiye, Li, Wei, Wang, Lihua, Fan, Chunhai, and Lin, Yunfeng

Abstract

One of the biggest obstacles for the use of antisense oligonucleotides as antibacterial therapeutics is their limited uptake by bacterial cells without a suitable carrier, especially in multi-drug-resistant bacteria with a drug efflux mechanism. Existing vectors, such as cell-penetrating peptides, are inefficient and nontargeting, and accordingly are not ideal carriers. A noncytotoxic tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) with a controllable conformation has been developed as a delivery vehicle for antisense oligonucleotides. In this study, antisense peptide nucleic acids (asPNAs) targeting a specific gene (ftsZ) were efficiently transported into methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureuscells by TDNs, and the expression of ftsZwas successfully inhibited in an asPNA-concentration-dependent manner. The delivery system specifically targeted the intended gene. This novel delivery system provides a better platform for future applications of antisense antibacterial therapeutics and provides a basis for the development of a new type of antibacterial drug for multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections.

Published
2018
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32. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures facilitate neural stem cell migration via activating RHOA/ROCK2 signalling pathway.

Author

Ma, Wenjuan, Xie, Xueping, Shao, Xiaoru, Zhang, Yuxin, Mao, Chenchen, Zhan, Yuxi, Zhao, Dan, Liu, Mengting, Li, Qianshun, and Lin, Yunfeng

Subjects
NEURAL stem cells, DNA structure, NANOSTRUCTURES, CELL migration, CELLULAR signal transduction, PROTEIN expression, GENE expression
Abstract

Objectives: The main purpose of current study was to explore the effects of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) on neuroectodermal (NE‐4C) stem cells migration and unveil the potential mechanisms. Materials and methods: The successfully self‐assembled TDNs were also determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). A bidirectional wound‐healing assay and transwell chamber assay were employed to test the migrating behaviour of NE‐4C stem cells cultured under different conditions. Results: Through an in vitro study, we found that stem cells could internalize TDNs quickly, and the cells' parallel and vertical migration was promoted effectively. Besides, the effects of TDNs were found being exerted by upregulating the gene and protein expression levels of RhoA, Rock2 and Vinculin, indicating that the RHOA/ROCK2 pathway was activated by the TDNs during the cell migration. Conclusions: In conclusion, TDNs could enter NSCs without the aid of other transfection reagents in large amounts, whereas only small amounts of ssDNA could enter the cells. TDNs taken up by NSCs activated the RHOA/ROCK2 signalling pathway, which had effects on the relevant genes and proteins expression, eventually promoting the migration of NE‐4C stem cells. These findings suggested that TDNs have great potential in application for the repair and regeneration of neural tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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33. Methods to Improve the Stability of Nucleic Acid-Based Nanomaterials.

Author

Xie X, Ma W, Zhan Y, Zhang Q, Wang C, and Zhu H

Subjects
Humans, Nanotechnology, Cations, Nucleic Acids, Nanostructures chemistry
Abstract

Nucleic acid strands can be synthesized into various nucleic acid-based nanomaterials (NANs) through strict base pairing. The self-assembled NANs are programmable, intelligent, biocompatible, non-immunogenic, and non-cytotoxic. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the application of NANs in the biomedical fields, such as drug delivery and biological sensing, has attracted wide attention. However, the stability of NANs is often affected by the cation concentrations, enzymatic degradation, and organic solvents. This susceptibility to degradation is one of the most important factors that have restricted the application of NANs. NANs can be denatured or degraded under conditions of low cation concentrations, enzymatic presence, and organic solvents. To deal with this issue, a lot of methods have been attempted to improve the stability of NANs, including artificial nucleic acids, modification with specific groups, encapsulation with protective structures, etc. In this review, we summarized the relevant methods to have a deeper understanding of the stability of NANs., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Published
2023
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