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In this paper, an equiatomic NiTi (55NiTi) alloy powder was mixed with pure Ni powder to prepare laser cladding coatings on a 316L stainless steel substrate to study the effect of Ni addition on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the coatings. The microstructure and phase composition of the coatings were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with configured energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). OCP (open-circuit potential), PD (potentiodynamic polarization) and EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) experiments were conducted by a Gamry electrochemical workstation, and corresponding eroded morphologies were observed to evaluate the coating’s anti-corrosion performance. The addition of Ni led to fine and uniform dendrites and dense microstructure under the metallurgical microscope, which were beneficial for the formation of the passive film mainly consisting of titanium dioxide (TiO2). The results show that the pitting potential of the 55NiTi + 5Ni coating was 0.11 V nobler than that of the 55NiTi coating, and the corrosion current density was less than half that of the 55NiTi coating. The corrosion initiated preferentially at the interfaces of dendrites and inter-dendritic areas, then spread first to dendrites rather than in the inter-dendritic areas.

This paper investigated 55 NiTi commercial alloy powder and 55 NiTi with 5% pure Ni mixed powder (55 NiTi + 5 Ni) coatings fabricated by laser cladding to study the effect of extra Ni addition on the microstructure and properties of the coating. The XRD and EDS results show that the major phases in the coatings were NiTi and Ni3Ti. Besides that, a second phase like Ni4Ti3, Fe2Ti, and NiTi2 was also detected, among which, NiTi2 was only found in 55 NiTi coating. The proportion of the phase composition in the coating was calculated via the software Image-Pro Plus. The hardness of the cladding layer reaches 770–830 HV, which was almost four times harder than the substrate, and the hardness of 55 NiTi + 5 Ni coating was around 8% higher than that of 55 NiTi coating. The wear resistance of the 55 NiTi + 5 Ni coating was also better, the wear mass loss decreased by about 13% and with a smaller friction coefficient compared with the 55 NiTi coating. These results are attributed to the solid solution strengthening effect caused by Ni addition and the second phase strengthening effect caused by the content increase of the Ni3Ti phase in the cladding layer.

Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at increased risk of fracture, often despite normal bone density. This observation suggests deficits in bone quality in the setting of abnormal glucose homeostasis. The goal of this article is to review recent developments in our understanding of how advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are incorporated into the skeleton with resultant deleterious effects on bone health and structural integrity in patients with T2D.The adverse effects of skeletal AGE accumulation on bone remodeling and the ability of the bone to deform and absorb energy prior to fracture have been demonstrated both at the bench as well as in small human studies; however, questions remain as to how these findings might be better explored in large, population-based investigations.Hyperglycemia drives systemic, circulating AGE formation with subsequent accumulation in the bone tissue. In those with T2D, studies suggest that AGEs diminish fracture resistance, though larger clinical studies are needed to better define the direct role of longstanding AGE accumulation on bone strength in humans as well as to motivate potential interventions to reverse or disrupt skeletal AGE deposition with the goal of fracture prevention.

Purpose of review Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at increased risk of fracture, often despite normal bone density. This observation suggests deficits in bone quality in the setting of abnormal glucose homeostasis. The goal of this article is to review recent developments in our understanding of how advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are incorporated into the skeleton with resultant deleterious effects on bone health and structural integrity in patients with T2D. Recent findings The adverse effects of skeletal AGE accumulation on bone remodeling and the ability of the bone to deform and absorb energy prior to fracture have been demonstrated both at the bench as well as in small human studies; however, questions remain as to how these findings might be better explored in large, population-based investigations. Summary Hyperglycemia drives systemic, circulating AGE formation with subsequent accumulation in the bone tissue. In those with T2D, studies suggest that AGEs diminish fracture resistance, though larger clinical studies are needed to better define the direct role of longstanding AGE accumulation on bone strength in humans as well as to motivate potential interventions to reverse or disrupt skeletal AGE deposition with the goal of fracture prevention.

At present, Google’s Android system has the characteristics of open source, rich software functions, and good user experience, and has been highly recognized by a wide range of applications and the market. If the Loongson platform wants to make a difference in mobile terminals and other fields, it needs to support the Android system. However, although the native Android system supports multiple architectures, it only performs a lot of optimizations for the ARM architecture. For other architectures, Google only provides a generic version. This brings a huge challenge to the Loongson processor based on the MIPS architecture. Based on the analysis of the Android system, this paper studies the Android transplantation method of the Loongson 2K1000 platform in detail realizes the transplantation of the Android Lollipop system on the platform and has passed the verification of the Loongson 2K1000 platform.

Online object detection is a fundamental problem in time-critical video analysis applications. Due to the performance limitations of one-stage object detection algorithms in dense pedestrian occlusion, we have improved YOLO-V4 in this paper, including network structure optimization, more efficient multi-scale feature fusion strategy formulation, and more specialized network loss function design. First, a single-output YOLO-V4 network structure is proposed, which integrates image information from multiple scales through the designed ladder fusion strategy. This not only ensures that the aspect ratio estimation of anchors is still driven by training data but also solves the invalid anchor distribution problem of the original network for objects with approximate size. Second, we adjust the resolution ratio of the network output feature map to the original input image to reduce the label rewriting cases of training samples. Finally, the concept of repulsive force is introduced to optimize the bounding box regression loss function, which improves the robustness of the model to the detection of densely occluded pedestrians, and enhances the practical value of YOLO-V4 in actual application scenarios.

Leading methods in the field of online video understanding try to extract useful information from the spatial and temporal dimensions of an input video. But they are suffering from two problems: (1) These methods can only extract local video information, and cannot relate to the important features of the temporal context in the video. (2) Although some methods can quickly process the information of each frame in the video, the processing efficiency of the whole video is not good, so this type of method cannot be applied to online video understanding tasks. This article introduces a Transformer-based network, which considers spatial and temporal content, and can quickly process each video at the same time. Our approach can efficiently handle up to 170 videos with hundreds of frames per second for action classification. Our method achieve 10 to 90 times faster than existing methods on the action classification datasets.

Al-0.5 wt.% MgO, Al-1 wt.% MgO, Al-1.5 wt.% MgO and pure Al anodes were prepared to investigate the effect of MgO particles addition on the electrochemical performance of aluminum anode for Al-air batteries in alkaline electrolyte. The electrochemical performance of these battery devices, including anodic polarization, corrosion characteristics, hydrogen evolution rate, AC impedance, and discharge behavior was examined and analyzed comparatively in 4 M KOH solution. The results show that Al-0.5 wt.% MgO, Al-1 wt.% MgO composite anodes exhibit a negative shift in the open-circuit potential compared with pure Al anode. Appropriate amount of MgO addition obviously improves the electrochemical activity, corrosion resistance and anode utilization of pure Al anode. These behaviors should be related to the interface characteristic of MgO particles with Al matrix which helps to destroy the integrity and compactness of the oxide layer on anode surface. The influence of MgO addition on the corrosion resistance of composite Al anode is well explained by the energy band and state density calculation based on density functional theory.