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Graph domain adaptation (GDA) aims to address the challenge of limited label data in the target graph domain. Existing methods such as UDAGCN, GRADE, DEAL, and COCO for different-level (node-level, graph-level) adaptation tasks exhibit variations in domain feature extraction, and most of them solely rely on representation alignment to transfer label information from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain. However, this approach can be influenced by irrelevant information and usually ignores the conditional shift of the downstream predictor. To effectively address this issue, we introduce a target-oriented unsupervised graph domain adaptive framework for graph adaptation called TO-UGDA. Particularly, domain-invariant feature representations are extracted using graph information bottleneck. The discrepancy between two domains is minimized using an adversarial alignment strategy to obtain a unified feature distribution. Additionally, the meta pseudo-label is introduced to enhance downstream adaptation and improve the model's generalizability. Through extensive experimentation on real-world graph datasets, it is proved that the proposed framework achieves excellent performance across various node-level and graph-level adaptation tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyclophilin A (CypA), the first member of cyclophilins, is distributed extensively in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, primarily localized in the cytoplasm. In addition to acting as an intracellular receptor for cyclosporin A (CSA), CypA plays a crucial role in diseases such as aging and tumorigenesis. Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is able to balance the rate of cell viability and death. In this review, we focus on the effects of CypA on apoptosis and the relationship between specific mechanisms of CypA promoting or inhibiting apoptosis and diseases, including tumorigenesis, cardiovascular diseases, organ injury, and microbial infections. Notably, the process of CypA promoting or inhibiting apoptosis is closely related to disease development. Finally, future prospects for the association of CypA and apoptosis are discussed, and a comprehensive understanding of the effects of CypA on apoptosis in relation to diseases is expected to provide new insights into the design of CypA as a therapeutic target for diseases. Key points: • Understand the effect of CypA on apoptosis. • CypA affects apoptosis through specific pathways. • The effect of CypA on apoptosis is associated with a variety of disease processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyclophilin A (CypA), the first member of cyclophilins, is distributed extensively in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, primarily localized in the cytoplasm. In addition to acting as an intracellular receptor for cyclosporin A (CSA), CypA plays a crucial role in diseases such as aging and tumorigenesis. Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is able to balance the rate of cell viability and death. In this review, we focus on the effects of CypA on apoptosis and the relationship between specific mechanisms of CypA promoting or inhibiting apoptosis and diseases, including tumorigenesis, cardiovascular diseases, organ injury, and microbial infections. Notably, the process of CypA promoting or inhibiting apoptosis is closely related to disease development. Finally, future prospects for the association of CypA and apoptosis are discussed, and a comprehensive understanding of the effects of CypA on apoptosis in relation to diseases is expected to provide new insights into the design of CypA as a therapeutic target for diseases. Key points: • Understand the effect of CypA on apoptosis. • CypA affects apoptosis through specific pathways. • The effect of CypA on apoptosis is associated with a variety of disease processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nanoprobe for detecting hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury has been developed. Apparent optoacoustic and NIR-II fluorescent signals are given out upon the nanoprobe's response to the in situ biomarker H2O2 in the liver in the case of ischemia-reperfusion injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, most robot dances are precompiled. Changing music requires manual adjustment of relevant parameters and metamovements, which greatly reduces the fun and intelligence. In view of the above problems, this paper designed CNN system, studied the multimodal dance movement recognition algorithm of artificial intelligence image technology, and completed the construction of a multimodal dance movement calculation system example. The results show that the CNN algorithm and the Winograd algorithm-based coprocessor-optimized CNN network in multimodal dance movement recognition with image technology reduce from a maximum of 132s to 26s in the runtime criterion, with a maximum reduction of 80%; from a maximum of 73.5% to 16.2% in the memory access criterion, with a maximum reduction of 57.3%; and from a maximum of 93.6% to 25.2% in the power consumption ratio criterion, with a maximum reduction of 68.4%. In the power consumption ratio criterion, the maximum reduction from 93.6% to 25.2% is 68.4%. The maximum accuracy of the proposed optimization method is 95.1%. The solution is proposed to address the problem of insufficient performance of traditional dance movement recognition, which will contribute to the development of artificial intelligence and dance industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Histone H2B is a member of the core histones, which together with other histones form the nucleosome, the basic structural unit of chromosomes. As scientists delve deeper into histones, researchers gradually realize that histone H2B is not only an important part of nucleosomes, but also plays a momentous role in regulating gene transcription, acting as a receptor and antimicrobial action outside the nucleus. There are a variety of epigenetically modified sites in the H2B tail rich in arginine and lysine, which can occur in ubiquitination, phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, etc. When stimulated by foreign factors such as bacteria, viruses or parasites, histone H2B can act as a receptor for the recognition of these pathogens, and induce an intrinsic immune response to enhance host defense. In addition, the extrachromosomal histone H2B is also an important anti-microorganism agent, which may be the key to the development of antibiotics in the future. This review aims to summarize the interaction between histone H2B and etiological agents and explore the role of H2B in epigenetic modifications, receptors and antimicrobial activity. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the aging resistance of epoxy resin insulation materials and the cost-effectiveness and reliability of power apparatuses, a novel silicone-modified aging-resistant epoxy resin insulation material was developed. The modification was achieved via chemical grating, using dihydroxydiphenylsilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltriethoxysilane and dicyclohexylamine. Accelerated thermal aging test, accelerated hydrothermal aging test and electrical tree test were carried out to compare the aging resistance of the novel, existing silicone-modified epoxy resin and unmodified epoxy resin under high temperature, humid environment and strong electric fields. The results show that compared with the unmodified resin, the novel material has advantages in thermal, hydrothermal aging resistance and electrical tree resistance. More specifically, after modification, the dielectric strength of the novel material after thermal aging test was improved by 12%; its partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) after hydrothermal aging test was increased by 19.4% and the growth rate of electrical trees was 12.68% of that in unmodified resin. Compared with the existing silicone-modified epoxy resin, the novel silicone-modified epoxy resin sacrifices part of the hydrothermal properties, but showed better thermal stability, and the growth rate of electrical trees in the novel silicone-modified epoxy resin was 44.26% of that in the existing resin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphorus is widely used in agriculture and industry. However, excessive phosphorus can cause eutrophication in aquatic environment. Therefore, the development of an simple, efficient and economical method for phosphate removal from wastewater is urgently needed. In this study, calcium aluminum layered double hydroxides (CaAl-LDHs) and six amino acid intercalated calcium aluminum layered double hydroxides (CaAl-amino acid-LDHs) was prepared by a facile method. In order to identify optimal amino acid, the adsorption performance of phosphate for six CaAl-amino acid-LDHs were comparatively studied. A high phosphate adsorption capacity were observed for l -Aspartic acid intercalated calcium aluminum layered double hydroxides (CaAl-Asp-LDHs). Experimental results showed that CaAl-Asp-LDHs can achieve phosphate anion adsorption capacity of 569.95 mg/g, which is significantly higher than that of CaAl-LDHs (236.86 mg/g) at pH 6.0 and favorable selectivity was observed when compared with other common anions. CaAl-Asp-LDHs exhibited a faster phosphate removal than that of CaAl-LDHs. The adsorption data of aqueous phosphate anion using CaAl-LDHs and CaAl-Asp-LDHs could be well described by the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second order kinetics. Furthermore, based on the structural and morphological features, as well as fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), diffraction of x-rays (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and element mapping, the phosphate adsorption mechanism on CaAl-Asp-LDHs involved the electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonds, complexation and ion exchange. Compared with the performance of other phosphate sorbents in other reported, CaAl-Asp-LDHs has the highest adsorption value. The synthesized CaAl-Asp-LDHs, therefore, would be a promising environmentally friendly material for the efficient removal of phosphate from aquatic environments. [Display omitted] • Environmentally friendly CaAl-LDHs and six amino acids intercalated CaAl- LDHs were synthetized and tested for phosphate. • l -Aspartic acid intercalated CaAl-LDHs (CaAl-Asp-LDH) exhibited optimal phosphate adsorption. • Adsorption was not significantly affected by Cl− and NO3− but slowly reduced by SO 4 2−. • Adsorption mechanisms of CaAl-Asp-LDH contained electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonds and bidentate complex. • Evidence for multiple adsorption mechanisms was provided by SEM, EDS and element mapping analysis, XRD, and XPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a Robust Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Network (RSTGNN), which overcomes the limitations faced by graph-based models against dynamic graph perturbations using robust spatial-temporal self-attentions to learn dynamic graph embeddings. In the RSTGNN model training, a selective spatial self-attention technique is employed to aggregate neighboring information based on projected node similarity, which reduces attention weights of edges with less similarity, enabling better information aggregation and preventing the model from ignoring spatial-temporal information. The temporal self-attention layer in the RSTGNN model intensifies temporal patterns using time-span-limited temporal attention weights. Additionally, the model uses a spatial-temporal loss function that penalizes nodes and edges most likely perturbed to alleviate the influence of dynamic graph perturbation. Specifically, the spatial loss focuses on attention weights associated with high-degree and potentially-attacked nodes, while the temporal loss targets attention weights of high centrality-varied nodes to prevent nodes from experiencing excessive centrality changes. To verify the effectiveness of our approach, we evaluate RSTGNN compared with other graph-based models under different node-based or edge-based perturbation rates. Results demonstrate that RSTGNN maintains high effectiveness in dynamic node classification and link prediction for five real dynamic graph datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Plasmon-driven selective oxidation reaction of p -aminothiophenol (PATP) to p , p′ -dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) can be realized in a local electromagnetic field (hot spot) because of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). To a remarkable extent, the size and movement of the hot spot can be freely controlled, via tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) spectroscopy. In a particular TERS system, the hot spot can move by following the TERS tip, and the PATP molecules located in the trajectory of the TERS tip, but not in other areas, can be transformed into DMAB molecules. Through this feature, we can realize artificially drawn DMAB molecular graphics on a flat surface equably covered by PATP molecules at the micronano scale using TERS. We analyzed the range and effect of the instant hot spot according to the results of simulation using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for the TERS system and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) mapping. The selectivity and controllability of catalysis in the TERS system provides a new technique for marking, with this work contributing to the field of nanotechnology by providing a new method to obtain nanoscale patterns. Graphical abstract Photocatalytic reaction of PATP molecule was realized by controllable induction of hot spots in micro-area plasma generated by TERS nanoprobe in micron-scale region. It will have attractive applications in controllable rendering of micro-nano graphics and writing and reading of encryption of micro-nano graphics. Unlabelled Image Highlights • Photocatalytic reaction of PATP was realized by induction of hot spots in plasma generated by TERS nanoprobe in micron-scale region. • It will have attractive applications in controllable rendering and writing and reading of encryption of micro-nano graphics. • The influence of the distance between TERS nanoprobe and sample substrate on photocatalytic reaction was studied. • The mechanism of photocatalytic reaction of PATP molecule to form DMAB molecule was studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Suspended microbes gradually lost advantages in practical applications of PAHs and heavy metals bioremediation. Therefore this study investigated the effect of immobilization on phenanthrene degradation by Bacillus sp. P1 in the presence of different Cd(II) concentrations. Condensed Bacillus sp. P1 was immobilized with polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate and PVA-SA-cell cryogel beads were prepared. The results indicated that the use of gel beads increased the number of adsorption sites thus accelerating phenanthrene degradation. In addition, changes in detoxification indices, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH), were determined to elucidate the immobilization mechanisms related to cells protection from Cd(II) when degrading phenanthrene. By protecting the gel membrane, oxidative damage was minimized, while SOD activity increased from 55.72 to 81.33 U/mgprot as Cd(II) increased from 0 to 200 mg/L but later dropped to 44.29 U/mgprot as Cd(II) increased to 300 mg/L for the non-immobilized system. On the other hand, the SOD activity kept increasing from 52.23 to 473.35 U/mgprot for the immobilized system exposed to Cd(II) concentration between 0 and 300 mg/L. For CAT and GSH, immobilization only slowed down the depletion process without any change on the variation trends. The changes in surface properties and physiological responses of microbes caused the differences of immobilization effect on phenanthrene biodegradation in the presence of Cd(II), which is a novel finding. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Immobilization effect on phenanthrene biodegradation was investigated. • Gel beads increased adsorption sites thus accelerating phenanthrene degradation. • Detoxification indices showed the protection mechanism of immobilization on cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sepsis comprises a lethal immunologic response due to infection. Increasingly, evidence has demonstrated the important role of long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) in the regulation of sepsis. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which GAS5 participates in the progression of sepsis remain unclear. Our study demonstrated the role and underlying mechanism of GAS5 in regulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. In this study, GAS5 expression was found to be markedly decreased in serum samples of sepsis patients and a sepsis mouse model, and was negatively related with HMGB1 expression. GAS5 overexpression inhibited cell inflammatory responses by decreasing HMGB1 release. Furthermore, GAS5 inhibited LPS-mediated hyperacetylation and the release of HMGB1 by increasing the expression of sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Additionally, upregulated GAS5 attenuated inflammatory responses in vitro and vivo , and the knockdown of a miR-155-5p mimic and SIRT1 rescued the effects of GAS5 upregulation. Mechanistically, GAS5 sponged miR-155-5p to upregulate SIRT1, thereby inhibiting HMGB1 acetylation and release. In conclusion, our findings indicate that GAS5 suppresses inflammatory responses by modulating the miR-155-5p/SIRT1/HMGB1 axis in sepsis, providing a novel therapeutic target for inflammation in sepsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the comprehensive properties of heat convection in H-type finned tubes installed with small rectangular wings or triangular wings as the longitudinal vortex generators, the field synergy principle was adopted in analysis. At the same attack angle, the surface average and volume average synergy angles of the small triangular wings are bigger than those of the small rectangular wings; at the same time, the volume average synergy angles are bigger than the surface average ones. With the increase of the attack angle, both the surface average and volume average synergy angles decrease first but increase later, which reach their minimum values at the 60° attack angle for the rectangular wings but at the 45° attack angle for the triangular wings. At the same inlet velocity, both the surface average and volume average synergy angles of the 45°-attack-angle triangular wings are bigger than those of the 60°-attack-angle rectangular wings. With the increase of the inlet velocity, both the surface average and volume average synergy angles increase for the 60°-attack-angle rectangular wings and the 45°-attack-angle triangular wings as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K s) of topsoil is high in the riparian zone. • In inflow tributaries, K s of riparian soil decreases from upstream to downstream. • Periodic inundation reduces the K s and its variations. • K s of riparian soil mainly depends on soil properties and land use. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K s , [L T−1]) is an important physical property of soil in riparian zones that influences water and solutes exchange between surface and subsurface water systems. Spatial variation of K s should be considered in the assessment of its effects on the interaction of surface and subsurface waters in riparian zones. In this study, 133 disturbed and 399 undisturbed soil samples were collected from the riparian zones of the Baoan Lake in Hubei Province, China. Spatial distribution patterns of K s in rural riparian zones were determined, and their variabilities were analyzed to understand the influences of soil, land use, vegetation, hydrological, and geological factors. The spatial variations of K s indicated the following: (1) the mean K s value decreased with soil depth in the riparian zone; (2) K s values showed increasing and fluctuating patterns in the lateral direction of the lakeshore; (3) the study region was divided into high-, medium-, and low-permeability areas; and (4) K s values of influent tributaries decreased from upstream to downstream reaches in the periodic inundation zone (Zone 1), whereas the effluent tributary exhibited the opposite trend. Permeabilities were low at the confluences of the lake and its tributaries compared to that of the other reaches of the same tributaries. Riparian soil displayed fast to slow infiltration patterns between 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layers. The degree of vertical variation caused by the periodic inundation of water was smaller. Permeability based on land use decreased in the order of farmland, forests, and fishponds. Studying the permeation of riparian zones and associated ecosystems provides a scientific basis for their comprehensive management and efficient utilization, and this work provides a framework for the same through a case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N-Phenylphosphoramidothioic dichloride was successfully synthesized from the reaction of thiophosphoryl chloride and phenylamine. Ammonia was used as acid-binding agent in the reaction. The product was fully characterized by IR, NMR (1H,13C, and31P), and EA. Under the optimized conditions, the overall yield was 85%. There are many advantages for this synthesis method such as simple synthesis procedure, low cost of production, and few by-products. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: 2,2,6,6-Tetrafluoro-4-phenylmethylmorpholin-3-ones are obtained from a new single step, preparative route by reacting triethylene glycol di(trifluoromethanesulfonate), which contains poly –CF2O– groups, with benzylamine. Reaction of trifluoromethylsulfonate and trifluoromethoxy derivatives with benzylamine gave either the nucleophilically-substituted product or the product resulting from the basic hydrolysis of the difluoromethoxy group. Replacement of a fluoroether chain by a fluoroalkane gave rise to fluorinated phenylmethylpiperidine and phenylmethylazepine via the combination of trifluoromethanesulfonic fluoroalkyldiyl esters and benzylamine. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

To study the improvement effect of silicone materials on the hygrothermal resistance of epoxy resin and the aging mechanism of silicone-modified insulation materials under hygrothermal conditions, diphenylsilanediol was added to epoxy resin as a modifier in various quantities to synthesize silicone-modified epoxy resin, and a hygrothermal aging test was carried out. Water sorption, surface contact angles and dielectric properties of the insulation material were measured, and scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and frequency domain spectroscopy (FDS) were used to analyze the results. The results showed that under 10 wt%, the silicone-modified insulation materials exhibited lower absorption rate and better dielectric properties, including lower dissipation factors and lower dielectric constant during the hygrothermal aging process, while epoxy resin modified with excessive silicone material tend to show worse dielectric performance. Closer analysis found that diphenylsilanediol decreases the size of the cracks within the material during hygrothermal aging, indicating that cracks generated during the hygrothermal aging process may be the reason for the worse dielectric performance, and diphenylsilanediol improves the hygrothermal aging resistance mainly by slowing down the generation and growth rate of cracks. FT-IR results confirmed the existence of hydrolysis and found that the rate of hydrolysis does not change with the content of diphenylsilanediol. FDS results also indicated that modified materials contain less dipoles after hygrothermal aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A series of Ce-TiO2/SiO2 (Ce-TiO2 coatings on SiO2) were prepared by the sol–gel process and characterized by TG–DTA, XRD, SEM, XPS and DRS. The photocatalytic activities of Ce-TiO2/SiO2 for the oxidation of formaldehyde irradiated by 250W high-pressure mercury lamp were investigated. According to XPS investigation, the Ti element mainly existed as the chemical state of Ti4+, and Ce is present mainly in the +4 oxidation state and a little in the +3 oxidation state. The effect of cerium content on the photocatalytic activities was studied, and the result reveals that 0.10%Ce-TiO2/SiO2 exhibits highest photoactivity. The light absorption of Ce-TiO2/SiO2 increases with increasing cerium content, and cerium doping causes absorption spectra of Ce-TiO2/SiO2 to shift to the visible region. The high photocatalytic activity of Ce-TiO2/SiO2 can be explained by the effective separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, which are trapped by Ce4+ and hydroxyl groups balancing the positive charge generated by the incorporation of Si in a Ti matrix, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A two-scale second-order moment two-phase turbulence model accounting for inter-particle collision is developed, based on the concept of particle large-scale fluctuation due to turbulence and particle small-scale fluctuation due to collision. The proposed model is used to simulate gas-particle downer reactor flows. The computational results of both particle volume fraction and mean velocity are in agreement with the experimental results. After analyzing effects of empirical coefficient on prediction results, we can come to a conclusion that, inside the limit range of empirical coefficient, the predictions do not reveal a large sensitivity to the empirical coefficient in the downer reactor, but a relatively great change of the constants has important effect on the prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The USM- ϑ model of Bingham fluid for dense two-phase turbulent flow was developed, which combines the second-order moment model for two-phase turbulence with the particle kinetic theory for the inter-particle collision. In this model, phases interaction and the extra term of Bingham fluid yield stress are taken into account. An algorithm for USM- ϑ model in dense two-phase flow was proposed, in which the influence of particle volume fraction is accounted for. This model was used to simulate turbulent flow of Bingham fluid single-phase and dense liquid-particle two-phase in pipe. It is shown USM- ϑ model has better prediction result than the five-equation model, in which the particle-particle collision is modeled by the particle kinetic theory, while the turbulence of both phase is simulated by the two-equation turbulence model. The USM- ϑ model was then used to simulate the dense two-phase turbulent up flow of Bingham fluid with particles. With the increasing of the yield stress, the velocities of Bingham and particle decrease near the pipe centre. Comparing the two-phase flow of Bingham-particle with that of liquid-particle, it is found the source term of yield stress has significant effect on flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Cu2+ and Zn2+ could be efficiently removed in the anaerobic methanation system. • The long-term Cu2+ and Zn2+ removal could be ascribed to the biological-chemical precipitation. • The removal mechanism of Cu2+ differed largely from that of Zn2+. Copper and zinc are often used as feed additives and frequently detected in swine wastewater. Anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS) plays an important role in high-rate anaerobic methanation biotechnologies which are widely applied to treat swine wastewater. The removal of Cu2+ and Zn2+ by AnGS was investigated in the batch and continuous systems. The results of batch experiments showed the adsorption by AnGS could be a significant method for Cu2+ and Zn2+ removal with efficiencies of 99 % and 49 % respectively. The sulfide precipitation mediated by AnGS could be another significant pathway for Zn2+ removal with efficiency of 18–27 % in Protein/M2+ experiments and 16–46 % in SO 4 2−/M2+ experiments (M2+ represents the total concentration of Cu2+ and Zn2+). The results of continuous experiment showed, with SO 4 2−/M2+ larger than 1.5, the influent Cu2+ and Zn2+ could be effectively removed in an anaerobic methanation bioreactor and its effluent Cu2+and Zn2+concentrations were below 1 mg/L and 2 mg/L separately. The main removal mechanism of Cu2+and Zn2+ in the anaerobic methanation system was that the biological production of sulfide from sulfate was followed by chemical precipitation and reduction. It is helpful for the removal of Cu2+ and Zn2+ with organic pollutants simultaneously to eliminate environmental risk of swine wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the limited computational resources of the onboard computing devices of autonomous vehicles, the development of lightweight 3D object detectors is essential. Point-based detectors that progressively sample raw point clouds reduce numerous redundant computations and facilitate the implementation of high-speed 3D object detectors. The farthest point sampling based on Euclidean distance (D-FPS) is frequently utilized in point-based 3D detectors for point cloud sampling to reduce computation overhead. D-FPS can ensure uniform point sampling, covering the entire point cloud space as much as possible. The ratio of foreground and background points does not change significantly in the sampling results; hence, foreground objects do not receive sufficient attention. In addition, the number of road reflection points is large, and these points are close to foreground objects, reducing the sampling accuracy for faint objects. We propose weighted farthest point sampling based on Euclidean distance (W-DFPS), which selectively discards some road reflection points in the point sampling process, thus increasing the weight of foreground points in sampling results. It reduces the likelihood of faint objects being lost in the sampling results, such that a small number of sampling points can also cover most foreground objects. W-DFPS replaces D-FPS in the single-stage detector based on instance-aware (IA-SSD), and the network structure is slightly modified, namely the single-stage detector based on weighted sampling (WS-SSD). We evaluate WS-SSD in the KITTI dataset with a single A100 GPU. When the number of sampling points for the first module of WS-SSD is consistent with IA-SSD, the pedestrian detection accuracy is improved by an average of 4.06 compared to IA-SSD. Although the number of sampling points for the first module of WS-SSD is reduced to 25% of IA-SSD, the object detection accuracy remains competitive; it also achieves a state-of-the-art inference speed of 150.76 frames per second (FPS), which is a 46% improvement over IA-SSD. • The negative effect of the points the road reflects on point sampling was studied. • The proposed W-DFPS enhances the weight of foreground points in sampling results. • A small number of sampling points can also cover most foreground objects. • On the KITTI dataset, the inference speed reached 150.76 FPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Electrochemical filtration was used for the removal of multiple antibiotics. • MWCNT-based filter could remove antibiotics at 3 V applied potential successfully. • Direct oxidation and indirect oxidation took effect simultaneously. Electrochemical filters exhibited excellent properties of time saving and energy conservation and were widely used in water purification. In this work, an efficient method was proposed for degrading antibiotics including sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and amoxicillin (AMO) in both single system and mixed system by utilizing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-based electrochemical membrane. The effect of experimental parameters was investigated with respect to voltage, pH, temperature, initial pollutant concentration and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS). The recycling experiments of MWCNT-based electrochemical filter were also performed. Results revealed that the degradation efficiency could be enhanced by increasing the voltage and temperature, while it decreased with the increased initial pollutant concentration and the addition of SDBS. Degradation of SMZ and AMO was weakly affected by solution pH. However, the degradation efficiency of CIP in acidic or alkaline solution was much higher than that in neutral solution. Furthermore, the MWCNT-based electrochemical membrane still exhibited high efficiency for antibiotic degradation after reuse of four times, which could facilitate the development of reproducible and low-cost pollutant-processing method. Noticeably, this membrane filter also presented high performance on simultaneously removing the multiple antibiotics with the efficiency order of AMO (98%) > SMZ (95%) > CIP (20%). The degradation mechanism of antibiotics by the MWCNT-based membrane was analyzed and a clear explanation on the antibiotics-removed pathway was provided. These results indicated that the MWCNT-based electrochemical membrane filtration may have potential to effectively treat multiple antibiotics in real wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anaerobic biotechnology has been widely used to the treatment of swine wastewater, but its organic loading rate is far lower than the expected. In this study, the fatigue effect was observed for indigenous anaerobic sludge (IAS) of anaerobic digestion system treating swine wastewater. On the contrary, the enhancement effect was demonstrated for exogenous granular sludge (EGS) originated from the internal circulation reactor treating pulping wastewater. The results showed the anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater with acclimatized EGS was much better than with IAS, 10th-day COD removal efficiency of 85% and 37% respectively. The better performance of acclimatized EGS was attributed to the more efficient degradation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as well as a stronger tolerance to the ammonia inhibition of swine wastewater. Revealed by molecular techniques, the acclimatized EGS contained more abundant syntrophic bacteria and methanogens than IAS. These functional microbes colonized in the acclimatized EGS could overcome the fatigue effect of IAS which contained a similar microbial community to pig gastrointestinal tract microbes. This study provides a feasible and promising way to enhance the efficiency of anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater. Unlabelled Image • The fatigue effect of indigenous anaerobic sludge was revealed. • The enhancement effect of acclimatized exogenous anaerobic sludge was found. • The microbial characteristics of different inoculums were determined qualitatively and quantitatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, zeta potentials of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanoparticles were detailedly investigated under various electrolytes, solution pH, and humic acid (HA) concentration conditions. The hydrodynamic radius of g-C3N4 nanoparticles was measured to be 388.9 ± 24 nm, and the specific surface area of the g-C3N4 nanoparticles was measured to be 46.2 m2 g−1. The absolute values of g-C3N4 zeta potentials significantly decreased with the increasing ionic strength (IS) due to the charge screening. Compared to the monovalent cation, the zeta potentials of g-C3N4 were less negative with the presence of divalent cations. In addition, K+ was more effective than Na+ in decreasing the absolute values of g-C3N4 zeta potentials, and Ca2+ was more effective than Mg2+ in decreasing the absolute values of g-C3N4 zeta potentials. When NaCl and CaCl2 were used as the electrolytes, the zeta potentials of g-C3N4 became less negative with the decreasing pH conditions. When FeCl3 and AlCl3 were used as the electrolytes, the zeta potentials of g-C3N4 became more positive with increasing solution pH due to the changing species of Fe3+ and Al3+. The zeta potentials of g-C3N4 were significantly more negative with the presence of HA. The results from this work indicated electrolytes, solution pH, and HA concentration conditions play a complex role in zeta potentials of g-C3N4 nanoparticles in aqueous environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study conducts thermal aging treatment to study the effect of thermal aging on the PD degradation process of the oil-paper insulation. The partial discharge inception voltages, extinction voltages, carbon mark, and microscopic morphology of samples are analyzed. The results show that thermal aging does not reduce the partial discharge inception voltages of oil-paper but can make the spark produced in the oil-paper more difficult to extinguish. At the initial stage, thermal aging has little effect on the development of partial discharge in normal direction of samples, while in later stages, the effect begins to appear; thermal aging reduces the insulation performance between layers of oil impregnated paper and accelerates the carbon trace growth rate in the horizontal direction. In this model, the first layer is most severely bombarded by electrons, and this layer is most obviously affected by the electric field in the normal direction at the contact point between the electrode and the insulating paper. The lower layer is affected by the horizontal and vertical electric fields; therefore, a large area of fiber looseness occurs on the surface of the oil impregnated paper. The degree of deterioration is proportional to the endurance time and aging time, and the damage degree of oil impregnated paper decreases with the increase of the number of layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep learning has been used to enhance the efficiency of rolling bearing fault diagnosis. However, the complexity of working conditions in rolling bearings, coupled with varying data distribution, often results in the failure of most deep learning models. To solve this problem, a feature extractor with an attention mechanism is constructed, which allows the model to selectively study and preserve critical features relevant to fault information during the training process. Moreover, the Wasserstein distance is employed in adversarial neural networks to calculate the distribution discrepancy between data from different domains, which can avoid disappearing gradients or vanishing problems of the model. The experimental validation are conducted using the rolling bearing datasets from CWRU and Jiangnan University (JNU). Compared with other existing models, the proposed model has better performance under variable conditions, and this demonstrates the superiority and accuracy of this model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we reported 36 novel nifuroxazide derivatives based on 4 or 5‐nitropyrrole skeleton for the first time. The influence of the benzyl substituents on the pyrrole ring and/or hydroxyl substituent on the benzene ring for the anticancer activity was investigated. Most of the designed derivatives were active at micromolar or submicromolar concentrations. The most promising compounds, namely derivatives (E)‐2,3‐dihydroxy‐N′‐((5‐nitro‐1‐(4‐(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)‐1H‐pyrrol‐2‐yl)methylene) benzohydrazide (18), (E)‐N′‐((1‐(4‐fluorobenzyl)‐5‐nitro‐1H‐pyrrol‐2‐yl) methylene)‐2,3‐dihydroxybenzohydrazide (24), and (E)‐N′‐((1‐(3‐fluorobenzyl)‐5‐nitro‐1H‐pyrrol‐2‐yl) methylene)‐2,3‐dihydroxybenzohydrazide (30), exhibited better antitumor activity than nifuroxazide in vitro, with IC50 values ranging from 0.80 to 5.18 μM on CNE2 (human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line) and SUNE1 (human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line). Docking results indicated that compounds 24 and 30 interacted with the SRC homology 2 (SH2) and carboxyl‐terminal transactivation domain of STAT3 (the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), with binding energies ranging from −3.98 to −3.88 kcal/mol, and exhibited similar binding modes and energies to nifuroxazide. Interestingly, the trifluoromethyl substituted 18 interacts in the coiled‐coil, DNA‐binding and linker domain of STAT3, with a binding energy of −4.16 kcal/mol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An activatable nanoprobe for imaging breast cancer metastases through near infrared‐I (NIR‐I)/NIR‐II fluorescence imaging and multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) imaging was designed. With a dihydroxanthene moiety serving as the electron donor, quinolinium as the electron acceptor and nitrobenzyloxydiphenylamino as the recognition element, the probe can specifically respond to nitroreductase and transform into an activated D‐π‐A structure with a NIR emission band extending beyond 900 nm. The activated nanoprobe exhibits NIR emission enhanced by aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and produces strong optoacoustic signal. The nanoprobe was used to detect and image metastases from the orthotopic breast tumors to lymph nodes and then to lung in two breast cancer mouse models. Moreover, the nanoprobe can monitor the treatment efficacy during chemotherapeutic course through fluorescence and MSOT imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An activatable nanoprobe for imaging breast cancer metastases through near infrared‐I (NIR‐I)/NIR‐II fluorescence imaging and multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) imaging was designed. With a dihydroxanthene moiety serving as the electron donor, quinolinium as the electron acceptor and nitrobenzyloxydiphenylamino as the recognition element, the probe can specifically respond to nitroreductase and transform into an activated D‐π‐A structure with a NIR emission band extending beyond 900 nm. The activated nanoprobe exhibits NIR emission enhanced by aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and produces strong optoacoustic signal. The nanoprobe was used to detect and image metastases from the orthotopic breast tumors to lymph nodes and then to lung in two breast cancer mouse models. Moreover, the nanoprobe can monitor the treatment efficacy during chemotherapeutic course through fluorescence and MSOT imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first fluoride and palladium co‐catalyzed conversion of amide to ester through an aerobic oxidative coupling pathway is reported. This new approach presents a practical process that employs easily available oxygen and commercially available arylboronic acids as coupling partners, uses a wide range of N‐ tosylamides, and proceeds under mild reaction conditions. This protocol demonstrates broad functional group tolerance, and provides an alternative option to synthesize esters from N‐tosylamides which obtained by simply N‐functionalization of secondary amides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of new luminescent liquid crystals (LLCs) comprised of difluoromethoxy and substituted 2-cyano-pyrrole (CN-Py) bridge with the molecular rigid core were synthesised. Their emission colours could be adjusted facilely and reversibly in a non-invasive manner by simply changing the excitation wavelength at room temperature. A simple and practical approach has been developed to avoid the use of hazardous and highly toxic elemental bromine to achieve a green and environmentally friendly synthesis pathway for difluoromethoxy-bridged liquid crystals. Notably, excitation-dependent multicolour luminescence has been realised in a single molecule of 5CC-CF2O-2Br-CN based on pure organic difluoromethoxy bridged liquid crystal, whose emission colours changes from yellow to blue with a blue shift of excitation wavelength. Interestingly, the CIE coordinates (0.29,0.33) of 5CC-CF2O-2Br-CN is very close to the white light coordinates (0.33, 0.33) under excitation at a wavelength of 335 nm. Therefore, 5CC-CF2O-2Br-CN can be a candidate of promising white light emitting luminescent liquid crystal. This protocol offers efficient access to single-molecule liquid crystal material with white light emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The flexible vibration of a rotating arm and the control strategy are the two major sources of vibration of a rotating arm in an LED chip sorter. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics and servo control of a rotating arm are studied in order to suppress vibration. Three servo motor driving curves are designed and the modal characteristics of rotation are analyzed theoretically. The geometric stiffening phenomenon is observed, and an optimal curve is selected in theory. The servo control system adopts a feedforward-feedback control and a filter is used in the speed loop to attenuate the resonance oscillation introduced by the input signal. Then, an experimental table for the rotating arm is designed and built to study the method of vibration suppression. The experimental results show that the selected curve and the control strategy proposed can effectively suppress the vibration of the end of the rotating arm. The same methods are also applied to the LED chip sorter with the experimental results indicating that the positioning errors of LED chips are reduced. Highlights • The motion of rotating arm is high-frequency reciprocating motion with variable and utmost acceleration. • The governing differential equations are derived and the geometric stiffening phenomenon is observed. • An optimal curve which is beneficial to adjustment of servo parameters is selected. • The control strategy which can effectively suppress the vibration is proposed and applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) is a promising analytical approach for some two-dimensional materials and offers the possibility to correlate imaging and chemical data. Tip-enhanced Raman spectra of graphene are discussed in some details, including substrate, gap between tip-apex and sample surface as well as Ag-nanowire. The TERS spectra give special emphasis to the possibility of TERS tip to induce a large number of defects only while got the tip attached to sample surface. Then the dependence of the TERS spectra of graphene and gap between the probe tip and sample surface was studied, and distribution features of electromagnetic (EM) field around tip were also simulated by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD). The Raman signal enhancement of graphene was further discussed with respect to experimental data. Furthermore, the Ag-nanowire as a nano-antenna could significantly enhance the weak Raman signal of D-band of monolayer graphene is shown, and the TERS spectra of graphene with regard to different regions of Ag-nanowires (endpoints, body) were obtained toward investigating into the distribution of electromagnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Composite foam sandwich is a new, energy-absorbing and load-bearing type of structure, which is widely used in engineering. Furthermore, utilization of connection between composite foam sandwich panels is essential. In this paper, an adhesive joint between two GFRP foam sandwich panels is proposed (model A) and several main failure modes of the novel adhesive joint structure are investigated through four-point bending test. Based on 3D-Hashin failure criterion, cohesive behavior failure criterion and brittle cracking failure criterion of novel GFRP foam sandwich adhesive joints, a progressive damaged model is established to simulate the strength and the results of FEM model and experiments are in good agreements. In order to analyze the effects of stiffness and strength on the structure's mechanical properties, three more connection were proposed to compare the simulation results, which established a simple engineering design for joint structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has received much attention due to excellent spatial resolution and high detection sensitivity. However, its performance depends crucially on the tip size and shape, and the tip-substrate distance. Substrates coated with roughened silver or gold films, or nanoparticles further limit its stability and reproducibility. Here, substrates with well-ordered silver nanohole arrays, were prepared for TERS by depositing silver on an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template. The TERS performance was investigated by varying the tip-substrate distance, position of the tip over different domains of the silver nanohole array, and changing the illumination polarization. We show that: (1) the proposed system is more efficient at controlling the distribution of Raman enhanced 'hot spots', and demonstrates a detection limit for a low concentration of 10 mol L for Rh6G and (2) the proposed approach has a high fidelity factor as the system is highly reproducible, making it suitable for probing over an area. Our experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that substrates with silver nanohole arrays are extremely promising for further application of TERS in surface plasmon resonance biosensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel aggregation-induced emission (AIE) cyclic tetraphenylethene (TPE) compounds were successfully constructed by straightforward intra/intermolecular cyclization. These cyclic TPE were formed with a bridging moiety, such as alkyl or polyfluoroalkyl linker, between two TPE moieties. They displayed a variety of reversible mechanofluorochromic (MFC) behavior. Interestingly, the intramolecular cyclization product 361H exhibited a higher fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) than its intermolecular analogue 362H, offering a meaningful and accessible approach for facilely increasing ΦF of TPE by intramolecular cyclization. Notably, the fluorinated cyclic TPE, 341F, doped into a poly dimethyl silicone (PDMS) film could selectively distinguish benzaldehyde from benzene, toluene, phenylcarbinol, and benzoic acid, accompanying visibly significant switching in emission color from cyan to black. Furthermore, 361F could exhibit an evident change in emission color from navy blue to green-yellow at 140 °C and gradually vanished at 180 °C. Thus, such diverting cyclic TPE could be potentially applied as a distinguishing test strip of benzaldehyde from toluene derivatives and as a temperature sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-quality NdCrSb3 single crystals are grown using a Sn-flux method, for electronic transport and magnetic structure study. Ferromagnetic ordering of the Nd3+ and Cr3+ magnetic sublattices are observed at different temperatures and along different crystallographic axes. Due to the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction between the two magnetic sublattices, the Cr moments rotate from the b axis to the a axis upon cooling, resulting in a spin reorientation (SR) transition. The SR transition is reflected by the temperature-dependent magnetization curves, e.g., the Cr moments rotate from the b axis to the a axis with cooling from 20 to 9 K, leading to a decrease in the b-axis magnetization f and an increase in the a-axis magnetization. Our elastic neutron scattering along the a axis shows decreasing intensity of magnetic (300) peak upon cooling from 20 K, supporting the SR transition. Although the magnetization of two magnetic sublattices favours different crystallographic axes and shows significant anisotropy in magnetic and transport behaviours, their moments are all aligned to the field direction at sufficiently large fields (30 T). Moreover, the magnetic structure within the SR transition region is relatively fragile, which results in negative magnetoresistance by applying magnetic fields along either a or b axis. The metallic NdCrSb3 single crystal with two ferromagnetic sublattices is an ideal system to study the magnetic interactions, as well as their influences on the electronic transport properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nitrate-dependent anaerobic ferrous oxidizing (NAFO) is a newly discovered bioprocess, which is valuable to develop autotrophic denitrifying technology. In this work, the physicochemical characteristics and microbial community of the cultivated sludge (NAFO sludge) from a lab-scale reactor operating for over 200 days were investigated. A comparison between the seeding sludge and NAFO sludge was also carried out. The results showed that the NAFO sludge possessed distinctly high settleability, and the average settling velocity was 390.1 ± 161.3 m/h. The increasing particle size and density, with average values of 1469 ± 65 μm (surface area-weighed mean diameter, SMD)/2389 ± 132 μm (volumetric-weighed mean diameter, VMD) and 1580 ± 80 kg/m 3 , were revealed to the main factors causing the profile of excellent settleability. High content of iron with peak value of 87.5% (wt) was detected in NAFO sludge, which was mainly in the form of oxide compounds, such as hematite and magnetite, endowing unique morphology characteristics of NAFO sludge. After the long-term operation, a microbial succession was supposed to occur in the granular sludge, and the dominant bacterial communities in the NAFO sludge were Gamma-proteobacteria , Thermoleophilia , Clostridia and Alpha-proteobacteria classes. The present work will benefit the development of NAFO technology, and also the separation and iron-recycling processes of the NAFO sludge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The high field magnetization of Ba 2 Co 2 Cl 2 (C 2 O 4) 3 ·4H 2 O performs clearly magnetic phase transition behavior around 6 T. • Two kinds of spin-dimers with different intra- and inter-interaction can be assumed by Bleaney-Bowers fitting. • The experimental results confirm that different bridging modes which form different spin dimers, play an important role in tuning the interaction of the dimer. The crystal structure of the oxalato-bridged compound Ba 2 Co 2 Cl 2 (C 2 O 4) 3 ·4H 2 O has C 2/ c symmetry and contains two types of oxalate-bridged modes. We have investigated the magnetization behavior of the Ba 2 Co 2 Cl 2 (C 2 O 4) 3 ·4H 2 O sample with both the static and pulsed magnetic fields. The Bleaney-Bowers fitting for the temperature dependence of magnetization shows that there are two different spin-dimers with the different intra- and inter-dimer interactions. Using the high field sweep rate of the pulsed magnetic field, magnetization measurements show four continuous phase transitions (with four different critical magnetic fields) in a smaller magnetic field range from 5.5 to 7 T, which also confirms there are two different dimers. Based on the structure analysis, the four phase transitions might result from four different magnetic exchange interactions (J 1 , J' 1 , J 2 and J' 2) in the two different dimers. Thus, in the design of the molecular-based magnetic materials, the oxalato-bridged and its various bridging modes can be used to mediate the magnetic interaction of the intra- and inter-dimers, the electronic effect between the metal ions and induce new phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Negative differential resistance (NDR) effect has its research significance and application value. However, the evolution of the NDR under magnetic fields (especially ultrahigh magnetic fields) is rarely reported and unclear. Herein, the electrical transport properties of the Ge‐based devices of Ag/p‐Ge:Ga/Ag are investigated. In these devices, the NDR behavior is observed from 77 to 300 K, which is mainly related to the minority injection effect. Under static magnetic field conditions, the NDR is effectively enhanced and presented with geometrical‐related anisotropy. Using a 50 T pulsed high magnetic field, the evolution of the NDR is further investigated at 300 K, and an unusual NDR is observed in a high field region due to stronger suppression of local impact ionization processes. This investigation results help to predict the performance evolution of the prospective NDR device in an ultrahigh‐magnetic‐field environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palladium-catalyzed Hiyama coupling of active thioureas via selective C–N bond cleavage is reported. Notably, the new approach employed active thioureas as coupling partners in the presence of arylsilanes to give amides in good yield. Further, this strategy, which utilized CuF2 as a key oxidant and activator, afforded various amide products under mild conditions and an easy to handle procedure without extra base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web openings often need to be created in reinforced concrete (RC) beams for the passages of utility ducts and/or pipes. Such web openings reduce the cross-section area of the beam in the affected region, leading to decrease in its load-carrying capacity and stiffness. Therefore, a fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP)-strengthening system generally needs to be applied around the web opening to ensure the safety of the weakened beam. A number of studies have been conducted by researchers all over the world to examine the behaviour of RC beams with FRP-strengthened web opening/web openings, and plenty of useful findings have been generated. This article presents a critical literature review of existing relevant research from three aspects: experimental studies, numerical studies and theoretical studies. The effect of main factors, including the size, shape, location and number of the web opening, the shape and shear span ratio of the beam, the concrete strength, the loading scheme and the FRP-strengthening scheme, on the structural performance of RC beams with FRP-strengthened web opening/web openings have been thoroughly analysed and discussed. Finally, directions for future research based on the gaps which exist in existing studies are pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of delay propagation prediction in airport networks has garnered increasing global attention, particularly due to its profound impact on operational efficiency and passenger satisfaction in modern air transportation systems. Despite research advancements in this domain, existing methodologies often fall short of comprehensively addressing the challenges associated with predicting delay propagation in airport networks, especially in terms of handling complex spatial–temporal dependencies and sequence couplings. In response to the complex challenge of predicting delay propagation in airport networks, we introduce the Fusion-based Adaptive Spatial–Temporal Learning with Coupled Attention (FAST-CA) framework. FAST-CA is an innovative model that integrates dynamic and adaptive graph learning, coupled attention mechanisms, periodicity feature extraction, and multifaceted information fusion modules. This holistic approach enables a thorough analysis of the interplay between flight departure and arrival delays and the spatial–temporal correlations within airport networks. Rigorously evaluated on two extensive real-world datasets, our model consistently outperforms current state-of-the-art baseline models, showcasing superior predictive performance and the effective learning capabilities of its intricately designed modules. Our research highlights the criticality of analyzing spatial–temporal relationships and the dynamics of flight coupling, offering significant theoretical and practical contributions to the advancement and management of air transportation systems. • Holistic approach tackling key challenges in airport network delay propagation prediction. • Dynamic and adaptive graph learning capturing evolving airport network relationships. • Coupled attention mechanism for integrated spatial–temporal and sequence analysis. • Periodicity extraction in airport delay series enhancing prediction precision. • State-of-the-art performance on varied real-world datasets validating effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Magnetization and magnetostriction properties of Mn 1− x Mg x V 2 O 4 (x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) single crystals under static and pulsed magnetic fields are compared. • Modulation behavior of Mg doping level on the dynamic properties of spin-orbital-lattice coupling is studied. • An unexpected magnetostriction behavior was observed at x = 0.15 due to Mg doping. • The results are elucidated in conjunction with DFT calculations. The magnetization and magnetostriction properties of Mn 1− x Mg x V 2 O 4 (x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) single crystals have been investigated under both static and pulsed magnetic fields, in which the magnetization and magnetostriction behaviors exhibit field-sweep-rate dependence, which are related to the spin-orbital-lattice coupling in these systems. Especially, anomalous enhancement of spin-orbital correlation was observed for x = 0.15. We attribute this enhancement to the tuning on the canting angle of V3+ ions by Mg2+-ions substitution. Furthermore, while the inter-vanadium distance R V-V is important to determine the evolution of the properties in the doped cases proposed by many studies, our result suggests that R V-V is not always dominant, the spin-orbital correlation effect can survive from the disordering induced by the variation of R V-V and even be enhanced at proper doping level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In small-footprint end-to-end keyword spotting, it is often expensive and time-consuming to acquire sufficient labels in various speech scenarios. To overcome this problem, transfer learning leverages the rich knowledge of the auxiliary domain to annotate the unlabeled target data. However, most existing transfer learning methods typically learn a domain-invariant feature representation while ignoring the negative transfer problem. In this paper, we propose a new and general cross-domain keyword spotting framework called selective transfer subspace learning (STSL) that avoid negative transfer and dramatically improve the accuracy for cross-domain keyword spotting by actively selecting appropriate source samples. Specifically, STSL first aligns geometrical relationship and weighted distribution discrepancy to learn a domain-invariant projection subspace. Then, it actively selects appropriate source samples that are similar to the target domain for transfer learning to avoid negative transfer. Finally, we formulate a minimization problem that alternately optimizes the projection subspace and source active selection, giving an effective optimization. Experimental results on 10 groups of cross-domain keyword spotting tasks show that our STSL outperforms some state-of-the-art transfer learning methods and no transfer learning methods. • STSL is proposed for improving the accuracy of CDKWS in various speech scenarios. • STSL avoids negative transfer by actively selecting source samples for TL. • STSL aligns TL and active selection to learn a domain-invariant projection subspace. • STSL outperforms some transfer learning methods and no transfer learning methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The practicality of portable fluorescent detectors has attracted widespread attention. Herein, a series of luminogens was obtained via integrating pyrrole/fluorinated-pyrrole with triphenylamine in high yield. The emission performance was modified via varying the F and CN substituents on the pyrrole ring. The compounds TPACHO and TPAFCHO, with aldehyde-group-substituted pyrrole, exhibit significant mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) behavior and typical AIEE properties. The compounds TPA2CN and TPA2FCN can efficiently detect liquid and gaseous hydrazine hydrate, and they can achieve paper-based detection through visually clear emission color switching from yellow/orange to blue. The minimum detectable concentration of hydrazine was 10 mM. Moreover, TPA2CN exhibits good inhibitory activity toward human nasopharyngeal tumor cells (CNE1) and it has application prospects in tumor cell detection and biological cell monitoring. Thus, such functionalized paper can be applied as highly selective discriminating test strips for hydrazine hydrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A series of Ce–TiO2 are prepared by the sol–gel process with ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate and tetra-n-butyl titanium as raw materials and characterized with XRD, TEM, DRS, and XPS. The aberrance (0.355) of anatase(101) plane of 0.1% Ce/TiO2 increases compared to that of TiO2. Cerium is found to be present as a mixture of Ce3+/4+ oxidation states, that is, the oxidation state of some cerium in Ce–TiO2 has changed after calcination. Ce/TiO2 yields a large red shift compared to TiO2. Moreover, the reflectance decreases in the visible region after cerium doped on TiO2, and the lower the reflectance the higher the activity. Cerium appears to enhance the photocatalytic activity of Ce/TiO2 by suppressing electron–hole recombination with electron trapping at Ce4+. 0.1% Ce/TiO2 shows highest activity for the degradation of aqueous suspension of formaldehyde. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]