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Solar hydrogen production at a high efficiency holds the significant importance in the age of energy crisis, while the micro‐environment manipulation of active sites on photocatalysts plays a profound role in enhancing the catalytic performance. In this work, a series of well‐defined single‐site Ni‐grafted TiO2 photocatalysts with unique and specific coordination environments, 2,2′‐bipyridine‐Ni−O−TiO2 (T−Ni Bpy) and 2‐Phenylpyridine‐Ni−O−TiO2 (T−Ni Phpy), were constructed with the methods of surface organometallic chemistry combined with surface ligand exchange for visible‐light‐induced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). A prominent rate of 33.82 μmol ⋅ g−1 ⋅ h−1 and a turnover frequency of 0.451 h−1 for Ni are achieved over the optimal catalyst T−Ni Bpy for HER, 260‐fold higher than those of Ni−O−TiO2. Fewer electrons trapped oxygen vacancies and a larger portion of long‐lived photogenerated electrons (>3 ns, ~52.9 %), which were demonstrated by the electron paramagnetic resonance and femtosecond transient IR absorption, correspond to the photocatalytic HER activity over the T−Ni Bpy. The number of long‐lived free electrons injected from the Ni photoabsorber to the conduction band of TiO2 is one of the determining factors for achieving the excellent HER activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acquired myasthenia (AM), a debilitating autoimmune disease, is typically characterized by skeletal muscle fatigue and weakness. Despite advances in myasthenia gravis treatment, current approaches remain unsatisfactory and many result in unexpected side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine has shown great potential in the treatment of myasthenia gravis, including relieving myasthenic symptoms, improving patients' quality of life, and reducing Western medicine side effects. This study investigates the protective effects and mechanism of BZYQD in mice with acquired myasthenia. BZYQD alleviates the reduced grip strength and increased expression of MAFbx and MuRF-1 in mice with acquired myasthenia. It also reduces levels of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the mouse serum. In addition, BZYQD reduces ROS accumulation and the mitochondrial ROS production rate, while increasing ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential in mice with acquired myasthenia. Moreover, BZYQD decreases the expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, and p-AKT in the skeletal muscle of mice with acquired myasthenia. In summary, BZYQD reduces inflammation, enhances mitochondrial function, and regulates the JAK2/STAT3/AKT signaling pathway to treat acquired myasthenia., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Solar hydrogen production at a high efficiency holds the significant importance in the age of energy crisis, while the micro-environment manipulation of active sites on photocatalysts plays a profound role in enhancing the catalytic performance. In this work, a series of well-defined single-site Ni-grafted TiO 2 photocatalysts with unique and specific coordination environments, 2,2'-bipyridine-Ni-O-TiO 2 (T-Ni Bpy) and 2-Phenylpyridine-Ni-O-TiO 2 (T-Ni Phpy), were constructed with the methods of surface organometallic chemistry combined with surface ligand exchange for visible-light-induced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). A prominent rate of 33.82 μmol ⋅ g -1  ⋅ h -1 and a turnover frequency of 0.451 h -1 for Ni are achieved over the optimal catalyst T-Ni Bpy for HER, 260-fold higher than those of Ni-O-TiO 2 . Fewer electrons trapped oxygen vacancies and a larger portion of long-lived photogenerated electrons (>3 ns, ~52.9 %), which were demonstrated by the electron paramagnetic resonance and femtosecond transient IR absorption, correspond to the photocatalytic HER activity over the T-Ni Bpy. The number of long-lived free electrons injected from the Ni photoabsorber to the conduction band of TiO 2 is one of the determining factors for achieving the excellent HER activity., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)