Search

Value added tax is a significant tax form worldwide. The importance of this tax is manifested in the scope, stability and efficiency of revenue collection. With respect to macroeconomic conditions and challenges, fiscal authorities have to pay attention to the elasticity of VAT revenues. The paper is aimed at identifying VAT elasticity in the Benelux countries, as well as determining the main macroeconomic factors that affect the changes in VAT elasticity. Empirical results have shown the presence of VAT elasticity in the Benelux countries, as well as a statistically significant impact of gross domestic product, final consumption, unemployment, inflation, government expenditures and standard VAT rate on VAT elasticity for the period 2011-2022.

The aim of this paper is to analyse three approaches in order to give a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of the banking sector in Serbia. The paper analyses the intermediate, operating and profitability approach for measuring bank efficiency in order to give an answer to the question which is the most efficient and where can be improvements made. The paper applies a non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) on a sample of 23 banks operating in Serbia in the period during and after the covid-19 pandemic, i.e. for 2019, 2020 and 2021. The results of the analysis showed that efficiency is the highest according to the intermediate approach, while the efficiency of banks is the lowest in the approach of measuring profit efficiency. The fact that the lowest levels of efficiencies in each approach were achieved by small banks with a small market share should be added to the results of the analysis. The results of the research are certainly influenced by low interest rates and the activities of mergers and acquisitions, which are intensive on the Serbian banking market.

The paper investigates the relationship between tax wedge and employment rate in thirty-six OECD countries for the period 2000-2020. The aim of this paper is to identify how tax wedge indicators affect the employment level in these economies. The empirical research includes correlation analysis and panel regression to determine character and intensity of nexus among observed variables. The results of Hausman represent that a random effects model is adequate for estimating the effect of tax wedge on the employment rate in selected countries. The model results show a negative correlation between these variables, as well as, that tax wedge indicators have a negative impact on the employment rate in OECD countries for the observed period. The empirical findings manifest that a 1% increase in the average tax wedge leads to a lower employment rate of 0.33% in OECD economies.

The topic of environmental taxation is becoming increasingly significant, particularly in its role in promoting sustainable development. Environmental tax policy can be used as an active tool for improving environmental quality and economic development. The primary aim of this study is to detect which environmental tax revenues influenced economic development in Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) for the period 2013–2022. The empirical findings of various panel models confirm that energy tax revenues and transport tax revenues have significant and positive effects on economic development measured by GDP per capita. Additionally, pollution tax revenues have a positive but not significant impact on GDP per capita in these countries. Nordic countries should focus on a greater share of these revenues in their total tax structure, especially pollution tax revenues, to provide desirable implications and effects on economic development in the Nordic region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture is characterized by a number of specificities (seasonal and organic character, high risks of the production cycle, slow turnover of capital, inability to specialize production and low capacity utilization), due to which it is more demanding in terms of financing than other economic activities. Considering that the agriculture is one of the most important branches of the economy, which even in such difficult conditions and circumstances still yields profits, the subject of this work is to discuss the conditions of financing both by the state and by commercial banks, without which it is almost impossible to imagine the process of agricultural production. The aim of the paper is to point out the importance of stable and continuous financing of agriculture. Unfortunately, interest rate subsidy programs do not include consultations with the financial sector when programs are designed, and as a result, the way in which the programs are built does not motivate banks to increase lending to the agriculture sector. Farms need constant financial support because of the need to invest in production all at once and at a large scale, in accordance with the nature of production, the long retention period of the assets involved, ie the low turnover of the invested funds, and the low profit that the primary agricultural production generates makes it impossible to create own accumulation, or own sources of financing.

Endowment and unit - linked policies are products of life insurance with risk and savings components. These products include protection in the case of early death of the insured or in the case of his survival. With other words, endowment and unit - linked policies are instruments of simultaneous protection and savings. Even if these products are very similar, there are some differences between them. The most important difference is that in the case of endowment policies the investment risk is borne by the insurance company, while the investment risk of unit-linked insurance is borne by the policy holder. Differences between these products generate some differences between the markets which are dominated by endowment or unit-linked policies, too. These differences in the level of development and risk can be shown between the markets of Serbia and Hungary, too.

The ability of banks to achieve a high rate of customer retention is caused by redefining business objectives and strategic choice that foreground efficient and effective creation and delivery of value to target consumers. The combination of data and advanced analytics enable financial institutions to build personalized relationships that could be stronger than ever before. Digital technology should make financial operations simpler, financial institutions more efficient, which will truly make customers lives easier. The subject of the research is to define the challenges banks will encounter in their future operations, which is to build self-aware digital systems, which should be centered around the customers and their needs, which is represented in the first part of the paper. The aim is to highlight the priorities and trends in marketing in banking that banks should not ignore in future operations, as shown in the second part of the paper. Followed by concluding observations.

One of the most important industries in Serbia are agriculture, the potential for the State, which is on its way to become a member of the European Union, represents the backbone of economic growth and development. Integrating with the EU represents a task to establish such a model and framework of relations of the State towards agriculture in order to easier harmonization of national policies with the policy of the EU. In this day and age when growing awareness about the importance of nutrition and the importance of the arable land, it is necessary to devote special attention to the problem of the lack of funds in the framework of agricultural production. A solution to the problem of technical and technological processes in the manufacture of food products, especially healthy food, you can browse in the measures of improving and increasing production through different approaches to stimulate and subsidizing of agricultural producers. It is certainly in the interest of the State, so it is for that reason necessary to devote special attention to budget and how financing and other measures in the direction of the stimulus of all participants in the market who participate in agricultural production.

With the development of modern banking, exposure to different types of business risks is becoming greater. Timely identification and quantification of all types of risks, as well as adequate safeguards are becoming very relevant factor in the success of business in an increasingly complex economic condition. Bank capital is a source of funds - growth of the bank, providing security to the bank in terms of risk, the protection of the interests of creditors, depositors, as well as creator of confidence in the bank and the entire banking sector. The aim of this paper is to emphase the importance and appropriateness of Basel principles of banking business, especially when it comes to maintenance of capital adequacy. The relevance of standards is manifested through the regulatory framework required to be raised to the level that is required to successfully overcome all obstacles in the banking business. The case study is an analysis of capital adequacy in the banking sector of Serbia, which is under the supervisory functions of the National Bank of Serbia. The movement of Pak is analyzed and commented parameters that affect it. The research results confirm that bank capital is the most stable part of the financial resources and policy banks. Providing a satisfactory level of capital and retaining a sufficient amount of capital to protect the interests of depositors, borrowers, employees, owners and citizens, is one of the biggest challenges that is posed in front of the bank.

The authors' explores the development of the banking market in Vojvodina, unbreakable part of the banking sector in Serbia. The aim of the paper is to analyze the degree of development of the banking sector in Serbia, and The Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, as well as to indicate its further development. During the research, a method of content analysis of primary data is used, primarily from the NBS website. Highlights of the banking sector in Serbia, and therefore AP Vojvodina, are presented in the introductory section, followed by the proposed measures for the restructuring and improvement of the existing banking system. The structure, the network of the banking system, with all the distribution channels and their representation in the APV is analyzed in the second part. The third part of the paper is focused on the analysis of banks in the field of work with the retail banking. It is followed by concluding remarks.

Financial market of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (APV) has some fundamental market elements - Market of Goods in Novi Sad is operating ten years now - there is also certain number of financial market participators onto Belgrade Stock Exchange from APV, such as broker&dealer companies, investment funds, banks, insurance companies etc. However, a lag is noticable in comparison with developed financial markets. In addition to significantly narrower and shallower financial market, there is also modestly developed financial infrastructure, fewer market participators, and much less diversity of available financial instruments - i.e. less developed financial institutions and financial markets. There is a lot of ways to further improvement regarding overall set of issues regarding financial market in aforementioned Serbian Autonomous Province.

The paper is focused on banking sector in Serbia, particulary on promotional activities of banks in public and on media. The authors of paper tried to find cause and effect relationship between business success and working quality on the one hand and investment in promotion activities of bank on the other hand, like important instrument of bank's business policy realization. Promotional activities appear like successful instrument in order to increase satisfaction of the bank's clients, which effect the increase of successfulness of banks' business.

Copyright of Proceedings of the Faculty of Economics in East Sarajevo / Zbornik Radova Ekonomskog Fakulteta u Istočnom Sarajevu is the property of University of East Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The goal of this research is to quantify the influence of each segment of agricultural production individually on the formation of the total gross domestic product in Serbia. For the purposes of the research, the gross domestic product at the level of Serbia, expressed at current prices, was used as the dependent variable. On the other hand, the values of agricultural production (plant production, vegetable production and horticultural products, livestock production, production of livestock products, and agricultural services) expressed also in current prices were observed as independent variables. The research used regression analysis. The most important result of this research is that plant production is recommended as the dominant direction of Serbian agriculture, given that its influence is most pronounced when it comes to the formation of the value of agricultural production, and therefore the total gross domestic product of Serbia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last decades, but also the centuries, have been full of financial crises of various characteristics, intensities, and areas of occurrence. Experiences of financial crises have shown that countries reach a financial crisis when the economy as a whole continuously has a current account deficit when it spends more than it creates, which leads to an increase in external indebtedness. The subject of the research is the current crisis, caused by Russia's intervention in Ukraine, as a result of which comprehensive and very drastic sanctions followed, which resulted in serious market outcomes. This paper aims to see in which segments the consequences of the crisis will be seen first, and whether and to what extent the crisis will affect the global economy. Despite Russia's small economic size, intervention and related sanctions are already causing global disruptions through financial and business ties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of New Economist / Novi Ekonomist is the property of University of East Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of New Economist / Novi Ekonomist is the property of University of East Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Social media are the means of interactions among people in which they create, share, and exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks. Banks should leverage social media as a two-way communications vehicle for both listening to the audience and gaining insights, with the goal of providing customers with targeted and differentiating solutions that solve their financial needs. Communication with customers through social networks is of great importance for the bank, and that kind of communication is paid more and more attention, especially in today's economic conditions, when competition in the banking market is rough, and when banks are struggling to get trust and attention from every client. The objects of the research is the presence of banks within the banking sector in Serbia, on social networks in Serbia. The problem that is discussed in this paper is how the presence-absence of banks on social networks influences the modern banking business. It is expected that the results of the research indicate the presence of a joint impact on the social networks and successful modern banking business, and the impact of social networks on the positioning of banks in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universitas. Gestão e Tecnologia is the property of Centro Universitario de Brasilia, UNICEUB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Money laundering means the legalization of criminal capital of the acquired business, or financial transactions to disguise the real origin of the money and other forms of capital market. This phenomenon is characterized by both developed and developing countries. Subject of this paper is to define the phenomenon of money laundering, as well as processes, methods and techniques used, and that can be found in the first two chapters of this work. Next chapter is about analysis of the situation regarding money laundering and organized crime in Serbia, based on the reports of the relevant institutions involved in combating against money laundering and organized crime. These are followed by concluding remarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]