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Objectives: This study examined diagnostic profiles and trauma history among treatment‐seeking young adults with positive PTSD screens in public mental health care. Methods: Screening for trauma history and PTSD symptoms was implemented in a community mental health service system. 266 treatment‐seeking young adults (aged 18–35) endorsed trauma exposure with a score of at least 45 on the DSM‐IV PTSD Checklist, indicating probable PTSD. Results: Young adults with positive PTSD screens were predominantly female, minority, and diagnosed with mood disorders. Of those with positive screens, only 15% had a chart diagnosis of PTSD; 17.3% (ages 18–24) versus 14.1% (ages 25–35). Variables significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of PTSD detection included a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, exposure to fewer types of traumatic events, male gender, and white race. Conclusion: Routine PTSD screening for young adults receiving public mental health care should be prioritized to address long‐term impacts of trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]