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Abstract The present study aimed to determine the antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic activities and element levels of Verbascum lasianthum Boiss. ex Bentham. The free radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant capacity levels were analyzed as the antioxidant parameters. Seven bacteria and one yeast strains were used to determine the antimicrobial activity. The cytotoxic effects of plant extracts were determined using A549, MCF-7, HepG2 and SH-SY5Y cell lines. The findings demonstrated that the antioxidant activity increased with an increase in the phenolic content of extracts. This species is rich in bio-elements such as Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Mg. Different concentrations of extracts could have antibacterial activity. This plant had an apparent cytotoxic effect only in the A549 cell line and increased the proliferation in other cell lines. The findings demonstrated that plant could be used alone or as a supplement to the current treatment protocols in diseases due to their antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic effects. However, it is recommended that Verbascum L. species intended for use in therapy should be procured from areas where there is no soil pollution or organic farming is preferred.

Binte Zehra,1,* Ayaz Ahmed,1,* Rizwana Sarwar,2 Ajmal Khan,3 Umar Farooq,2 Syed Abid Ali,4 Ahmed Al-Harrasi3 1Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; 2Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan; 3Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman; 4Hussain Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Globally, the prevalence and mortality rates of lung cancer have been escalated with the increasing trend of tobacco smoking. The toxicity and irresponsive nature of the available drugs for lung cancer treatment demands an alternative approach.Methods: In this study, four known compounds namely, cirsimaritin (4′,5, -dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone) (1), eupatorin (5,3′-dihydroxy-6,7,4′-trimethoxyflavone) (2), betulin (Lup-20 (29)-ene-3, 28-diol) (3), and β-amyrin acetate (12-Oleanen-3yl acetate) (4) have been isolated from the leaves extract of Quercus incana. Preliminary screening of these natural compounds (1–4) was performed against non-small cell lung carcinoma (NCI-H460) and normal mouse fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines.Results: The compounds were found to be antiproliferative against cancer cells with wide therapeutic index in comparison to the normal cells. Effects of betulin (3) on cell migration, invasion, apoptosis, and expression of important apoptosis- and metastasis-related markers were observed at different concentrations. The results showed significant dose-dependent induction of apoptosis after the treatment with betulin (3) followed by increased expression of the caspases family (ie, caspase-3, -6, and -9), proapoptotic genes (BAX and BAK), and inhibiting anti-apoptotic genes (BCL-2L1 and p53). Furthermore, wound healing and transwell invasion assays suggested that betulin (3) could also regulate metastasis by inhibiting MMP-2/-9. Osteopontin, a central regulator of apoptosis and metastasis was also inhibited in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: The present findings suggest that betulin (3) can be an attractive chemotherapeutic target for treating resistant lung cancers. Keywords: Quercus incana, betulin, cirsimaritin, eupatorin, b-amyrin acetate, non-small cell lung carcinoma, metastasis, MMP-2, MMP-9, apoptosis, caspases, osteopontin

A positive test result for BRCA1/2 gene mutation is a substantial risk factor for breast and ovarian cancer. However, testing is not always covered by insurance, even for high risk women. Variables affecting willingness to pay (WTP) have implications for clinic-based and direct-to-consumer testing. The relative impact of objective and subjective numeracy on WTP, in the context of worry, perceived risk (of having the mutation and developing breast cancer) and family history, was examined in 299 high-risk women, not previously tested for BRCA1/2. Objective and subjective numeracy correlated positively with one another, yet only subjective numeracy correlated (positively) with WTP. This could not be explained by educational level or worry. In line with the numeracy result, other objective factors including family history, age, and Ashkenazi descent were not correlated with WTP. Perceived risk of having a mutation was also correlated with WTP, though perceived risk of developing breast cancer was not, perhaps because it lacks direct connection with testing. Thus, subjective confidence in the ability to interpret test results and perceived risk of a positive test result are more important drivers in paying for BRCA1/2 testing than factors more objective and/or further removed from the testing itself (e.g., perceived risk of developing cancer, family history). Findings underscore the need for genetic counselling that makes probabilistic information accessible and intelligible, so as to build confidence and promote accurate perception of mutation risk and ultimately better decision-making.

In recent studies, papers related to the multiplicative based numerical methods demonstrate applicability and efficiency of these methods. Numerical root-finding methods are essential for nonlinear equations and have a wide range of applications in science and engineering. Therefore, the idea of root-finding methods based on multiplicative and Volterra calculi is self-evident. Newton-Raphson, Halley, Broyden, and perturbed root-finding methods are used in numerical analysis for approximating the roots of nonlinear equations. In this paper, Newton-Raphson methods and consequently perturbed root-finding methods are developed in the frameworks of multiplicative and Volterra calculi. The efficiency of these proposed root-finding methods is exposed by examples, and the results are compared with some ordinary methods. One of the striking results of the proposed method is that the rate of convergence for many problems are considerably larger than the original methods.

The aim of this paper is to formulate some different sums adapted to the Brousseau sum for Vietoris' numbers. For this purpose, we firstly give our auxiliary results concerning the sequence of Vietoris' numbers of order 2n and 2n + 1. Moreover, we consider alternating summations and some other weighted sums for these rational number sequence and derive them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Central venous catheters are mainly used for safe fluid infusion, total parenteral nutrition, and evaluation of hemodynamic parameters. Complications related to central venous access can occur during insertion, after insertion or during catheter maintenance. The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic data and the presence of catheter-related complications in pediatric patients with central venous catheters in our hospital. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed demographic data and the presence of catheter-related complications in pediatric patients with central venous catheters in our hospital from June 1, 2019, to February 28, 2023. Results: Patients who underwent central venous catheterisation in our hospital between June 2020 and February 2023 were included in the study. When the demographic data of the patients were evaluated, 141 (57.8%) of our patients were male and 103 (42.2%) were female, and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. In the femoral group, catheterisation of the right femoral vein was preferred more than the left vein (72.2%-27.7%), whereas in the jugular-subclavian group, the right internal jugular vein was preferred more than other sites. The risk of infection was statistically higher in the femoral group compared to the subclavian group. Conclusion: In clinical practice, we think that the risk of complications can be reduced in central venous catheter applications in pediatric patients by experienced personnel by complying with asepsis/antisepsis conditions and using appropriate imaging devices.

Abstract Background Adequate, balanced, and individualized nutrition, planned according to the patients’ life expectancy in palliative care units, is crucial for maintaining essential functions. Aim To determine the knowledge levels of nurses working in palliative care units regarding enteral nutrition practices and their perceptions of nutritional care quality in their units. Methods This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in 25 palliative care units located in Izmir, Türkiye, between June and September 2022. The study sample consisted of 205 nurses working in palliative care units. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, an Enteral Nutrition Practices Knowledge Form, and the Nurses’ Perceived Nutrition Care Quality Assessment Scale. The STROBE checklist was also utilized. Results The study found that the majority of participating nurses (94.6%) were female, with 78.5% holding bachelor’s degrees. The median knowledge score for enteral nutrition: 15 (range: 2–27), perceived care quality score: 36 (range: 9–45). Those with enteral nutrition training had significantly higher knowledge scores (p

Objective: In recent years, the importance of quality of life (QoL) in healthcare has increased significantly, particularly in the management of chronic diseases such as prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to show the effects of functional outcomes of treatment options, such as retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP), radiotherapy (RT), and active surveillance, on QoL in patients with localized PCa. Methods: Questionnaires on demographic characteristics, QoL, urinary incontinence (UI) level, patients' knowledge of complications before treatment, and treatment of complications were completed. Patients diagnosed with PCa were divided into three groups: RRP, RT, and RRP combined with RT. Results: There was no statistical difference between the treatment groups in terms of QoL, Mini-mental test scores, age, body mass index, prostate-specific antigen level, Charlson index, and International Society of Urological Pathology grade score, but UI scores were lower in the RT group. The most important finding was that QoL was statistically higher in patients who were informed about UI and erectile dysfunction (ED) before treatment and in patients who were treated for UI or ED after treatment. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the choice of treatment (RRP, RT, or RRP combined with RT) does not significantly affect the overall QoL of patients with localized PCa. However, patient education about potential complications, such as ED and UI, followed by appropriate treatment appears to be crucial for improving QoL after treatment.

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology of maxillary first premolar mesial root concavity and to analyse its relation to periodontal bone loss (BL) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiographs. Methods The mesial root concavity of maxillary premolar teeth was analysed via CBCT. The sex and age of the patients, starting position and depth of the root concavity, apicocoronal length of the concavity on the crown or root starting from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), total apicocoronal length of the concavity, amount of bone loss both in CBCT images and panoramic radiographs, location of the furcation, length of the buccal and palatinal roots, and buccopalatinal cervical root width were measured. Results A total of 610 patients’ CBCT images were examined, and 100 were included in the study. The total number of upper premolar teeth was 200. The patients were aged between 18 and 65 years, with a mean age of 45.21 ± 13.13 years. All the teeth in the study presented mesial root concavity (100%, n = 200). The starting point of concavity was mostly on the cervical third of the root (58.5%). The mean depth and buccolingual length measurements were 0.96 mm and 4.32 mm, respectively. Depth was significantly related to the amount of alveolar bone loss (F = 5.834, p = 0.001). The highest average concavity depth was 1.29 mm in the group with 50% bone loss. The data indicated a significant relationship between the location of the furcation and bone loss (X2 = 25.215, p = 0.003). Bone loss exceeded 50% in 100% of patients in whom the furcation was in the cervical third and in only 9.5% of patients in whom the furcation was in the apical third (p = 0.003). Conclusions According to the results of this study, the depth of the mesial root concavity and the coronal position of the furcation may increase the amount of alveolar bone loss. Clinicians should be aware of these anatomical factors to ensure accurate treatment planning and successful patient management.

Rapid technological developments in the language services industry including content creation and translation have always provoked fear among human agents, such as language service providers (LSPs), translators, reviewers, and academicians thinking that technology would eliminate the need for humans. This fear can be traced even back to the years typewriters were invented and used in the language services industry, or personal computers replaced typewriters in the process. The twenty-first century, especially the 2010s, witnessed the emergence and rapid development of machine translation (MT), in particular neural machine translation (NMT). Coupled with the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI), human content creators and translators are now face to face with a new competitor. Although the tools used in the industry have changed in line with the technological advancements, achieving quality output has always required the competence of human content creators and translators. This competence has three important pillars: language skills, expertise in the area of specialization, and technological skills. This paper discusses that technological tools such as MT and generative AI demand human intervention to create and translate quality and effective content, which is only possible by acquiring the complete set of the above skills. Focusing on creating content for user manuals, this paper examines how to ask the correct questions, that is, how to give the correct prompts to guide chatbots such as ChatGPT to achieve quality content, thus identifying the limits and benefits of AI in an area of specialization.

AimThis study aimed to investigate the causes and risk factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Turkish population, focusing on various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.MethodsA hospital-based case-control design was employed to compare individuals with CRC (cases) to individuals without CRC (controls). Male and female participants were recruited from the surgery, internal medicine, and out-patient departments. The study encompassed socio-demographic data, clinical information, radiological diagnoses, and biochemical measurements. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine associated risk factors of CRC.ResultsThe study included 704 individuals with CRC and 704 controls. Significant socio-demographic disparities were observed between the groups, with over 30% of the cases having lower levels of education and income compared to the controls. Lifestyle factors such as obesity, higher rates of smoking (cigarettes and hookah) and alcohol consumption were more prevalent among cases than controls. Further significant associations were identified with intestinal inflammation, obesity, processed food consumption, and symptoms such as abdominal pain, cramps, diarrhea, constipation, blood in stool, bloating, irritable bowel syndrome, nausea/vomiting, anemia, stress, fatigue, weakness, and weight loss. Diet analysis revealed that individuals with CRC consumed more red meat, processed and fast foods along with less pulses and vegetables. Genetic predispositions and exposure to chemicals also correlated strongly with increased CRC risk. Multivariable regression analysis identified, nausea/vomiting, constipation, intestinal disease, genetics factor, hookah-nargileh use, history of any cancer, family history of bowel cancer, constipation, cigarette smoking, stress, milk-yogurt consumption, obesity and red meat consumption as significant determinants for CRC.ConclusionCRC risk is influenced by dietary, lifestyle, and genetic factors. Awareness of hereditary risk and participation in screening are crucial. Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding smoking, hookah, and alcohol use, and adopting a healthy diet, are essential for prevention.

Background/Objectives: Renal cell carcinoma is an aggressive form of kidney cancer, contributing to an estimated 138,000 deaths globally in 2017. Traditional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation are generally considered ineffective. Additionally, CD47 has been identified as a crucial tumor antigen involved in the development and progression of various cancers, including renal cell carcinoma. The interaction of CD47 with SIRPα triggers a “don’t eat me” signal to the macrophages, inhibiting phagocytosis. Much progress has been made in targeting CD47 for cancer immunotherapy in solid tumors (STs) and hematological malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate CD47 expression in malignant and benign renal cell tumors and compare it with prognostic histopathological parameters. Methods: We included 160 malignant and 26 benign tumors. The malignant tumors consisted of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtypes including 37 clear cell, 30 chromophobe, 30 papillary type 1, 29 papillary type 2, and 34 unclassified RCC cases. As for the benign tumors, we included 26 oncocytoma cases. All samples were stained with anti-CD47 antibodies by immunohistochemistry methods. Results: The statistical analysis yielded a significant correlation between CD47 expression and survival, metastasis, and capsule invasion for the unclassified RCC cases. We did not find any further significant correlation between CD47 expression and the studied parameters. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to research CD47 expression in benign and malignant renal carcinoma subtypes. Further large-scale studies are needed to determine the expression profile of CD47 in renal cell tumors.

The potential impact of the virus on food safety during the COVID-19 outbreak has posed a critical challenge to governments, the food industry, and consumers worldwide. The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of adult people regarding food safety during the COVID-19 outbreak. It is a cross-sectional study which is based on internet survey data of 1049 residents from seven regions of Turkey. The survey includes questions about the level of knowledge and attitude toward food safety during the COVID-19 outbreak. It has been observed that over 90% of the participants have correct knowledge about what to do in food shopping during the COVID-19 process. 56.6% of the participants stated that COVID-19 can be transmitted through food or food packaging, 81.0% stated that food packages should be disinfected in order to be protected from COVID-19 and 37.7% stated that COVID-19 is more resistant than other bacteria or viruses. While the presence of gender (p = 0.748) and chronic disease (p = 0.181) does not affect the number of correct answers to questions about food safety during the COVID-19 process, education (p

Abstract Senescent microglia are a distinct microglial phenotype present in aging brain that have been implicated in the progression of aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. However, the specific mechanisms that trigger microglial senescence are largely unknown. Quinolinic acid (QA) is a cytotoxic metabolite produced upon abnormal activation of microglia. Brain aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases have an elevated concentration of QA. In the present study, we investigated whether QA promotes aging and aging-related phenotypes in microglia and C. elegans. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that QA, secreted by abnormal microglial stimulation, induces impaired mitophagy by inhibiting mitolysosome formation and consequently promotes the accumulation of damaged mitochondria due to reduced mitochondrial turnover in microglial cells. Defective mitophagy caused by QA drives microglial senescence and poor healthspan in C. elegans. Moreover, oxidative stress can mediate QA-induced mitophagy impairment and senescence in microglial cells. Importantly, we found that restoration of mitophagy by mitophagy inducer, urolithin A, prevents microglial senescence and improves healthspan in C. elegans by promoting mitolysosome formation and rescuing mitochondrial turnover inhibited by QA. Thus, our study indicates that mitolysosome formation impaired by QA is a significant aetiology underlying aging-associated changes. QA-induced mitophagy impairment plays a critical role in neuroinflammation and age-related diseases. Further, our study suggests that mitophagy inducers such as urolithin A may offer a promising anti-aging strategy for the prevention and treatment of neuroinflammation-associated brain aging diseases.

The quantity of wastewater being discharged into the environment due to the rise in industrial activities is progressively growing over time. Aside from large environmental risk posed by untreated wastewater discharge, the reuse of treated water prevents wastage of large amounts of water. For this reason, in this study, the reuse potential of an organized industrial zone wastewater was investigated by membrane processes. The appropriate membrane type and rejection performance were determined for various pollutant parameters including conductivity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), chloride, and sulfate. Laboratory-scale batch membrane filtration experiments were performed by using three different membrane types (BW30, XLE, and X20). The experiments were conducted at 15 and 20 bar pressures and flux data were collected during the operations. The results showed that BW30 and X20 membranes could be operated comfortably with 80% recovery for the wastewater containing low and high sulfate concentrations. For the wastewater with low sulfate concentration, the fluxes of BW30 and X20 at 20 bar were 19.7 and 16.4 L/m2/h, respectively, at 80% recovery. On the other hand, for the wastewater with higher sulfate concentration, the fluxes of BW30 and X20 at 20 bar were 8.6 and 11.5 L/m2/h, respectively. HIGHLIGHTS Two different wastewater samples released in the organized industrial zone were treated in the wastewater treatment plant.; Reverse osmosis filtration process was applied using three different membrane types (BW30, XLE, and X20).; X20 membrane was chosen as the most suitable membrane type with 80% water recovery under 20 bar pressure.;

Objective: To reveal the profile and practice in patients with acute stroke who received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA) and/or neuro-interventional therapy in Türkiye. Materials and Methods: On World Stroke Awareness Day, May 10, 2018, 1,790 patients hospitalized in 87 neurology units spread over 30 health regions were evaluated retrospectively and prospectively. Results: Intravenous tPA was administered to 12% of 859 cases of acute ischemic stroke in 45 units participating in the study. In the same period, 8.3% of the cases received neurointerventional treatment. The rate of good prognosis [modified Rankin score (mRS) 0–2] at discharge was 46% in 83 patients who received only IV tPA [age: 67 +- 12 years; National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS): 12 +- 6; hospital stay, 24 +- 29 days]; 35% in 51 patients who underwent thrombectomy (MT) alone (age: 64 +- 13 years; NIHSS: 14.1 +- 6.5; length of hospital stay, 33 +- 31 days), 19% in those who received combined treatment (age: 66 +- 14 years; NIHSS: 15.6 +- 5.4; length of hospital stay, 26 +- 35 days), and 56% of 695 patients who did not receive treatment for revascularization (age: 70 +- 13 years; NIHSS: 7.6 +- 7.2; length of hospital stay, 21 +- 28 days). The symptom-to-door time was 87 +- 53 minutes in the IV treatment group and 200 +- 26 minutes in the neurointerventional group. The average door-to-needle time was 66 +- 49 minutes in the IV tPA group. In the neurothrombectomy group, the door-to-groin time was 103 +- 90 minutes, and the TICI 2b-3 rate was 70.3%. In 103 patients who received IV tPA, the discharge mRS 0–2 was 41%, while the rate of mRS 0–1 was 28%. In 71 patients who underwent neurothrombectomy, the mRS 0–2 was 31% and mRS 0–1 was 18%. The door-to-groin time was approximately 30 minutes longer if IV tPA was received (125 +- 107 and 95 +- 83 minutes, respectively). Symptomatic bleeding rates were 4.8% in IV recipients, 17.6% among those who received only MT, and 15% in combined therapy. Globally, the hemorrhage rate was 6.8% in patients receiving IV tPA and 16.9% in MT. Conclusion: IV thrombolytic and neurointerventional treatment applications in acute ischemic stroke in Türkiye can provide the anticipated results. Heterogeneity has begun to be reduced in our country with the dissemination of the system indicated by the 'Directive on Health Services to be Provided to Patients with Acute Stroke.'

ÖzBu araştırmada, Bakara sûresinin ilk 50 âyetinde hal olarak konumlandırılan kelimeler konu edinmiştir. Araştırma esnasında İ’râbü’l-Kur’an kaynaklarında incelenen söz konusu kelimelere ilişkin farklı gramatik yorumların da olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Tesbit edilen değerlendirmeler; tümdengelim, karşılaştırma ve açıklama yöntemiyle ele alınmış ve okuyucunun bilgisine arz edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle i'rabın tanımı, önemi, , i'rab - Kur'an ilişkisi, i'rab- nahiv ve i'rab- lahn konusuna denilmiş, hȃl kavramı incelenmiş ve i'rabın tarihsel sürecine dikkat çekilmiştir. Daha sonra ayetlerin arapça metni ve mealine bütün olarak yer verilip, ilgili kelimenin farklı i'rab yorumları belirtilmiştir. Araştırma neticesinde; belli bir ögenin nahiv yönünden başka şekillerde tahlil edilmesinin mümkün olabileceği ve bunun, farklı manalara ulaşmada önemli bir metot olduğuna dikkat çekilerek i'rab bilgisinin, doğru anlamın tespitindeki rolüne işaret edilmiştir. Zira İslâmî ilimlerde temel amaç, Kur'an’ın mesajının en doğru şekilde anlaşılmasıdır. Ayetlerde farklı i'rab vecihlerinin olması anlamı etkilemektedir. Bu sebeple Kur'an'ın doğru anlamak için özellikle iyi derecede i'rab bilgisine ihtiyaç vardır.

Background and Objectives: Defining the exercise habits of individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) may help to determine optimal rehabilitation programs. This study aimed to investigate the physical and psychological parameters associated with exercise barriers in older individuals with AD, with the goal of informing more effective rehabilitation programs. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted with 50 individuals with AD. The individuals were evaluated with the Exercise Benefit/Barriers Scale (EBBS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSTS), the Barthel Index (BI), the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: There was a significant positive correlation between age with EBBS-Exercise Barriers (r = 0.308; p = 0.029) and EBBS-Total Score (r = 0.295; p = 0.038). There were significant negative correlations between the time of diagnosis with EBBS-Exercise Benefits (r = −0.569; p = 0.000), EBBS-Exercise Barriers (r = −0.324; p = 0.022), and EBBS-Total Score (r = −0.508; p = 0.000). There was a positive correlation between MMSE and EBBS-Exercise Benefits (r = 0.465; p = 0.001), EBBS-Exercise Barriers (r = 0.471; p = 0.001) and EBBS-Total Score (r = 0.519; p = 0.000). There were significant positive correlations between FTSTS and EBBS-Exercise Barriers (r = 0.340; p = 0.016), and EBBS-Total Score (r = 0.280; p = 0.049). There were positive correlations between BI and EBBS-Exercise Benefits (r = 0.362; p = 0.010), EBBS-Exercise Barriers (r = 0.377; p = 0.007), and EBBS-Total Score (r = 0.405; p = 0.004). Conclusions: Exercise barriers/benefits were associated with cognition and post-diagnosis duration in individuals with AD. Individuals with lower physical function had lower exercise perception. In addition, living with relatives or caregivers led to better exercise benefit scores.

Amaç: Küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliğiyle mücadelede sürdürülebilirliğe yönelik yenilikçi yollar arayışı uluslararası gündemde özellikle son birkaç yıl içerisinde daha fazla önem kazanmıştır. Avrupa Birliği’ne göre bu konuda en önemli yollardan biri olarak addedilen eko-inovasyon, olumsuz çevresel etkilerin azaltılmasını ve kaynakların daha verimli kullanılmasını sağlayan bir araçtır. Bu bağlamda çalışma temel olarak, eko-inovasyon performansının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde nasıl bir etkiye sahip olduğunu araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemi olarak Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri seçilmiş ve analizler, Eurostat veri tabanından elde edilen ikincil verilerle uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, eko-inovasyon performansı ve ekonomik büyüme, sırasıyla eko-inovasyon endeksi ve gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla (GSYİH) kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Ampirik analiz panel veri yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmanın sonucuna göre AB ülkeleri için 2013-2022 döneminde eko-inovasyondaki %1’lik artış ekonomik büyümeyi %0,53 oranında arttırmıştır. Eko-inovasyonun son 10 yıllık dönemde AB üyesi ülkelerin ekonomik refahında yükselme etkisi yarattığı ifade edilebilir. Özgünlük: Mevcut çalışma, eko-inovasyon performansının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde nasıl bir etkisi olduğu sorusunu tartışarak literatüre teorik ve ampirik olarak, yönetici ve politika geliştiricilere ise sunduğu önerilerle katkı sağlayan ülke düzeyindeki ilk çalışma olma özelliğine sahiptir.

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common directly preventable cause of ischemic stroke. There is no dependable neurology-based data on the spectrum of stroke caused by AF in our country. Within the scope of NeuroTek-Turkey, hospital-based data on acute stroke patients with AF were collected to contribute to the creation of acute stroke algorithms. Materials and Methods: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common directly preventable cause of ischemic stroke. There is no dependable neurology-based data on the spectrum of stroke caused by AF in Türkiye. Within the scope of NöroTek-Türkiye (TR), hospital-based data on acute stroke patients with AF were collected to contribute to the creation of acute-stroke algorithms. Results: The rate of AF in patients hospitalized for ischemic stroke/TIA was 29.8%, of which 65% were known before stroke, 5% were paroxysmal, and 30% were diagnosed after hospital admission. The proportion of patients with AF who received 'effective' treatment [international normalization ratio ≥2.0 warfarin or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) at a guideline dose] was 25.3%, and, either no medication or only antiplatelet was used in 42.5% of the cases. The low dose rate was 50% in 42 patients who had a stroke while taking NOACs. Anticoagulant was prescribed to the patient at discharge at a rate of 94.6%; low molecular weight or unfractionated heparin was prescribed in 28.1%, warfarin in 32.5%, and NOACs in 31%. The dose was in the low category in 22% of the cases discharged with NOACs, and half of the cases, who received NOACs at admission, were discharged with the same drug. Conclusion: NöroTekTR revealed the high but expected frequency of AF in acute stroke in Türkiye, as well as the aspects that could be improved in the management of secondary prophylaxis. AF is found in approximately one-third of hospitalized acute stroke cases in Türkiye. Effective anticoagulant therapy was not used in three-quarters of acute stroke cases with known AF. In AF, heparin, warfarin, and NOACs are planned at a similar frequency (one-third) within the scope of stroke secondary prophylaxis, and the prescribed NOAC dose is subtherapeutic in a quarter of the cases. Non-medical and medical education appears necessary to prevent stroke caused by AF.

Orbital cellulitis is a serious, life-threatening infection, typically in paediatric patients, and its bilateral presentation in adults is atypic. We present an unusual bilateral manifestation of orbital cellulitis and abscess, caused by Enterococci in an adult patient. E. faecalis is an extremely rare cause of orbital inflammation and we found three published case reports only, all of which are unilateral and seen in children. A 51-year-old male presented with 1-week history of pyrexia, painful proptosis, periorbital swelling, and low vision of both eyes. He was diagnosed with bilateral orbital cellulitis and was treated with empiric antibiotic medication for 8 days, but symptoms persisted. MRI showed bilateral intra- and extraconal fluid-intensity collections. Microbiology was taken from the orbit and revealed Enterococcus faecalis invasion. Pus collections were drained for 1 week. Systemic and intraorbital antibiotics were administered. The patient recovered and vision returned to normal. This is a rare case of bilateral orbital cellulitis and abscesses with invasive E. faecalis infection. E. faecalis infection of the orbit is unusual and should be considered, especially if patient does not respond to empiric antibiotic therapies.

Masdariyecizāde Hüseyin Efendi, one of the lecturers at Mühendishāne-i Berrī-i Hümāyūn (The Imperial School of Military Engineering), wrote a treatise in h.1238/c.1822 on the ancient problem of trisecting an angle smaller than ninety degrees using Euclidean geometry. This famous problem has its roots in the ancient Greek. The treatise contains an assumed solution to the problem by using tools of Euclidean geometry, a straightedge (an unmarked ruler) and a compass. The proof is recorded under the signatures indicating the approval of the engineering faculty. The available academic literature on this treatise generally contains comments denigrating the work, the author and the scholarly environment of the period based on the claim that it had already been proven at the time Hüseyin Efendi published his treatise, that a positive result could not be reached with the limited tools used in the solution. All this contemporary research is originated from a sole source, Salih Zeki Bey’s articles on the subject written a century ago, the accuracy of which is debatable in terms of its contents. This study focuses on the claims based on this common source as well as the history of the solution to the problem, and thus provides a correction to the erroneous information on the subject.