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1. Recovering complex ecological dynamics from time series using state-space universal dynamic equations

Author

Buckner, Jack H., Meunier, Zechariah D., Arroyo-Esquivel, Jorge, Fitzpatrick, Nathan, Greiner, Ariel, McManus, Lisa C., and Watson, James R.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution
Abstract

Ecological systems often exhibit complex nonlinear dynamics like oscillations, chaos, and regime shifts. Universal dynamic equations have shown promise in modeling complex dynamics by combining known functional forms with neural networks that represent unknown relationships. However, these methods do not yet accommodate the forms of uncertainty common to ecological datasets. To address this limitation, we developed state-space universal dynamic equations by combining universal differential equations with a state-space modeling framework, accounting for uncertainty. We tested this framework on two simulated and two empirical case studies and found that this method can recover nonlinear biological interactions that produce complex behaviors, including chaos and regime shifts. Their forecasting performance is context-dependent, with the best performance being achieved on chaotic and oscillating time series. This new approach leveraging both ecological theory and data-driven machine learning offers a promising new way to make accurate and useful predictions of ecosystem change.

Published
2024

2. Sulfotransferase 1C2 Increases Mitochondrial Respiration by Converting Mitochondrial Membrane Cholesterol to Cholesterol Sulfate.

Author

Kolb, Alexander, Corridon, Peter, Ullah, Mahbub, Pfaffenberger, Zechariah, Xu, Wei, Winfree, Seth, Sandoval, Ruben, Hato, Takeshi, Witzmann, Frank, Mohallem, Rodrigo, Franco, Jackeline, Aryal, Uma, Atkinson, Simon, Basile, David, and Bacallao, Robert

Subjects
Animals, Cholesterol, Sulfotransferases, Mitochondria, Cholesterol Esters, Mitochondrial Membranes, Mice, Cell Respiration, Male, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, Kidney, Mice, Inbred C57BL
Abstract

HYPOTHESIS: In this communication, we test the hypothesis that sulfotransferase 1C2 (SULT1C2, UniProt accession no. Q9WUW8) can modulate mitochondrial respiration by increasing state-III respiration. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using freshly isolated mitochondria, the addition of SULT1C2 and 3-phosphoadenosine 5 phosphosulfate (PAPS) results in an increased maximal respiratory capacity in response to the addition of succinate, ADP, and rotenone. Lipidomics and thin-layer chromatography of mitochondria treated with SULT1C2 and PAPS showed an increase in the level of cholesterol sulfate. Notably, adding cholesterol sulfate at nanomolar concentration to freshly isolated mitochondria also increases maximal respiratory capacity. In vivo studies utilizing gene delivery of SULT1C2 expression plasmids to kidneys result in increased mitochondrial membrane potential and confer resistance to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mitochondria isolated from gene-transduced kidneys have elevated state-III respiration as compared with controls, thereby recapitulating results obtained with mitochondrial fractions treated with SULT1C2 and PAPS. CONCLUSION: SULT1C2 increases mitochondrial respiratory capacity by modifying cholesterol, resulting in increased membrane potential and maximal respiratory capacity. This finding uncovers a unique role of SULT1C2 in cellular physiology and extends the role of sulfotransferases in modulating cellular metabolism.

Published
2024

5. Form factors for semileptonic B-decays with HISQ light quarks and clover b-quarks in Fermilab interpretation

Author

Jeong, Hwancheol, DeTar, Carleton, El-Khadra, Aida, Gámiz, Elvira, Gelzer, Zechariah, Gottlieb, Steven, Jay, William, Kronfeld, Andreas, Lytle, Andrew, and Vaquero, Alejandro

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice
Abstract

We compute the vector, scalar, and tensor form factors for the $B\to \pi$, $B\to K$, and $B_s\to K$ amplitudes, which are needed to describe semileptonic $B$-meson decay rates for both the charged and neutral current cases. We use the highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) action for the sea and light valence quarks. The bottom quark is described by the clover action in the Fermilab interpretation. Simulations are carried out on $N_f = 2+1+1$ MILC HISQ ensembles at approximate lattice spacings from $0.15$ fm down to $0.057$ fm. We present blinded preliminary results for the form factors., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, proceedings of the 40th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2023), July 31 - August 4, 2023, Fermilab, USA

Published
2024

6. Managing HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Help-Seeking Behaviors on a Social Media Forum

Author

Ayers, John W, Zhu, Zechariah, Harrigian, Keith, Wightman, Gwenyth P, Dredze, Mark, Strathdee, Steffanie A, and Smith, Davey M

Subjects
Public Health, Health Sciences, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Infectious Diseases, HIV/AIDS, Behavioral and Social Science, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Coronaviruses, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, COVID-19, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Social Media, Help-Seeking Behavior, HIV Infections, HIV, Social media, Surveillance, Public Health and Health Services, Social Work, Public health
Abstract

Although numerous editorials claim the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted vulnerable populations, particularly those affected by HIV, these claims have received limited empirical evaluation. We analyzed posts to Reddit's r/HIVAIDS from January 3, 2012 through April 30, 2022 to (a) assess changes in the volume of posts during the pandemic and (b) determine the needs of HIV affected communities. There were cumulatively 100% (95%CI: 75-126) more posts than expected since the US declared a pandemic emergency. The most prevalent themes in these posts were for obtaining an HIV + diagnosis (representing 34% (95%CI:29-40) of all posts), seeking HIV treatment (20%; 95%CI:16-25), finding psychosocial support (16%; 95%CI:12-20), and tracking disease progression (8%; 95%CI:5-11). Discussions about PrEP and PEP were the least common, representing less than 6% of all posts each. Social media has increasingly become an important health resource for vulnerable populations seeking information, advice, and support. Public health organizations should recognize how the lay public uses social media and collaborate with social media companies to ensure that the needs of help-seekers on these platforms are met.

Published
2024

11. The effect of local ventilation on airborne viral transmission in indoor spaces

Author

Pretty, Alexander, Griffiths, Ian M., Lau, Zechariah, and Kaouri, Katerina

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract

We incorporate local ventilation effects into a spatially dependent generalisation of the Wells--Riley model of airborne viral transmission. Aerosol production and removal through ventilation (global and local), biological deactivation, and gravitational settling as well as transport around a recirculating air-conditioning flow and turbulent mixing are modelled using an advection--diffusion--reaction equation. The local ventilation effects are compared with the equivalent global ventilation and we find that the streamlines of the airflow provide insight into when the global ventilation model is a good approximation. When the agreement between ventilation models is poor, we find that the global ventilation model generally overestimates the infection risk., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the Journal of Fluid Mechanics as a Rapids article

Published
2023

16. Women’s empowerment as a determinant of neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: a narrative review focused on Nigeria

Author

Joel-Medewase Victor Idowu, Wada Zechariah Ojima, Sayomi Bukola Adetutu, Adetoye Mayowa Mary, Ashaolu Joseph Oluwakayode, and Olowolafe Tubosun Alex

Subjects
neonates, sustainable development goal 3, women’s empowerment, gender equality, women and girls, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Neonatal mortality remains a critical public health issue, with Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experiencing disproportionately high rates compared to other global regions. Notably, SSA and South Asia are the regions most lagging behind the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.2, aiming for

Published
2024
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17. D-meson semileptonic decays to pseudoscalars from four-flavor lattice QCD

Author

Bazavov, Alexei, DeTar, Carleton, El-Khadra, Aida X., Gámiz, Elvira, Gelzer, Zechariah, Gottlieb, Steven, Jay, William I., Jeong, Hwancheol, Kronfeld, Andreas S., Li, Ruizi, Lytle, Andrew T., Mackenzie, Paul B., Neil, Ethan T., Primer, Thomas, Simone, James N., Sugar, Robert L., Toussaint, Doug, Van de Water, Ruth S., and Vaquero, Alejandro

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We present lattice-QCD calculations of the hadronic form factors for the semileptonic decays $D\to\pi\ell\nu$, $D\to K\ell\nu$, and $D_s\to K\ell\nu$. Our calculation uses the highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) action for all valence and sea quarks and includes $N_f=2+1+1$ MILC ensembles with lattice spacings ranging from $a\approx0.12$ fm down to $0.042$ fm. At most lattice spacings, an ensemble with physical-mass light quarks is included. The HISQ action allows all the quarks to be treated with the same relativistic light-quark action, allowing for nonperturbative renormalization using partial conservation of the vector current. We combine our results with experimental measurements of the differential decay rates to determine $|V_{cd}|^{D\to\pi}=0.2238(11)^{\rm Expt}(15)^{\rm QCD}(04)^{\rm EW}(02)^{\rm SIB}[22]^{\rm QED}$ and $|V_{cs}|^{D\to K}=0.9589(23)^{\rm Expt}(40)^{\rm QCD}(15)^{\rm EW}(05)^{\rm SIB}[95]^{\rm QED}$ This result for $|V_{cd}|$ is the most precise to date, with a lattice-QCD error that is, for the first time for the semileptonic extraction, at the same level as the experimental error. Using recent measurements from BES III, we also give the first-ever determination of $|V_{cd}|^{D_s\to K}=0.258(15)^{\rm Expt}(01)^{\rm QCD}[03]^{\rm QED}$ from $D_s\to K \ell\nu$. Our results also furnish new Standard Model calculations of the lepton flavor universality ratios $R^{D\to\pi}=0.98671(17)^{\rm QCD}[500]^{\rm QED}$, $R^{D\to K}=0.97606(16)^{\rm QCD}[500]^{\rm QED}$, and $R^{D_s\to K}=0.98099(10)^{\rm QCD}[500]^{\rm QED}$, which are consistent within $2\sigma$ with experimental measurements. Our extractions of $|V_{cd}|$ and $|V_{cs}|$, when combined with a value for $|V_{cb}|$, provide the most precise test of second-row CKM unitarity, finding agreement with unitarity at the level of one standard deviation., Comment: 92 pages, V2 matches version accepted for publication in PRD. Expanded supplementary material for reconstructing our final results. An implementation of nonlinear shrinkage is also included

Published
2022
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18. Barriers to implementation of blockchain technology in agricultural supply chain

Author

Cuellar, David and Johnson, Zechariah

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

Emerging technologies, such as Blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT), have had an immense role in propelling the agricultural industry towards the fourth agricultural revolution. Blockchain and IoT can greatly improve the traceability, efficiency, and safety of food along the supply chain. Given these contributions, there are many barriers to widespread adoption of this technology, including a deficit in many workers' ability to understand and effectively use this technology in addition to a lack of infrastructure to educate and support these workers. This paper discusses the barriers to adoption of blockchain and IoT technology in the agricultural supply chain. The authors analyse the impact of Blockchain and IoT in the food supply chain and methods in which governments and corporations can become more adaptable. Through the reduction in imports and protection of demand for local farmers, developing economies can create local sustainable agricultural ecosystems. Furthermore, the use of both public and private Research and Development can greatly contribute to the global knowledge on new technologies and improve many aspects of the food supply chain. In conclusion, both governments and corporations have a big role to play in the increased implementation of progressive technologies and the overall improvement of the food supply chain along with it., Comment: 8 pages

Published
2022

19. Assessing post-COVID-19 functional recovery in healthcare workers: Insights from the 6-minute walking test and DLCO analysis

Author

Salma AlBahrani, Ali AlBarrak, Jaber S. Alqahtani, Nawal AlGubaisi, Hamoud Alkurdi, Dalia Alburaiki, Abdulrahaman AlGhamdi, Mohammed AlOthaiqy, Osama Faqihi, Meshael Musaed Almershad, Fatimah Hassan Hakami, Asmaa AlAbbadi, Mariam Hassan Hakami, Alaa AlMaimouni, Zechariah Jebakumar Arulanantham, and Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq

Subjects
6-minute walk test, Healthcare workers, COVID-19, Functional capacity, Post-infection recovery, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted healthcare workers (HCWs) worldwide, necessitating an understanding of its effects on their health and functional capacity. This study utilized the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) to evaluate post-infection recovery of HCWs, and analyzed the results in relation to comorbidities, symptoms, and healthcare admission. Methods: HCWs who previously tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were recruited, and the 6MWT and PFT were conducted. Clinical data, including comorbidities, symptoms, hospitalization history, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mechanical ventilation, were collected. Binary logistic regression analysis and Fisher's exact test were employed to examine the associations between these factors and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and the 6MWT. Results: The study comprised 80 HCWs, with various comorbidities and various presenting symptoms. On average, 167.24 days (± 63.83 days) post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, 34 (42.5 %) had a DLCO%

Published
2025
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20. A review of model predictive control in precision agriculture

Author

Erion Bwambale, Joshua Wanyama, Thomas Apusiga Adongo, Etienne Umukiza, Romain Ntole, Sylvester R. Chikavumbwa, Davis Sibale, and Zechariah Jeremaih

Subjects
Model predictive control, System identification, Internet of Things (IoT), Machine learning integration, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Agricultural industries, HD9000-9495
Abstract

Precision agriculture, driven by advanced technologies and data-driven decision-making, has emerged as a transformative approach to address global food demand, resource constraints, and sustainability challenges. In this context, Model Predictive Control (MPC) has garnered significant attention as a powerful control strategy capable of optimizing farming processes through predictive and anticipatory control actions. This review comprehensively explores the fundamentals and applications of MPC in precision agriculture. The review begins with an overview of MPC's principles, formulation, and optimization techniques, emphasizing its predictive and adaptable nature. Subsequently, it delves into the diverse applications of MPC in precision agriculture, including crop growth and yield optimization, pest and disease management, and autonomous machinery and robotics. The integration of MPC with precision agriculture machinery and its role in autonomous farming systems are also explored. Success stories and case studies highlight real-world applications of MPC, showcasing its positive impact on crop yields, resource utilization, and economic viability. Additionally, demonstrated benefits such as water conservation, reduced chemical usage, and improved produce quality attest to the significance of MPC in sustainable farming practices. While MPC offers numerous advantages, the review also discusses challenges, such as computational complexity, model uncertainty, and sensor reliability. The review concludes by underscoring MPC's potential in driving precision agriculture towards a more sustainable, efficient, and technologically advanced future.

Published
2025
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24. Structures, processes and outcomes between first referral and referral hospitals in low-income and middle-income countries: a secondary preplanned analysis of the FALCON and ChEETAh randomised trials

Author

Rajeev Sharma, Neha Mishra, Simon Cousens, Sanjay Gupta, Thomas Pinkney, Neil Smart, Jonathan Cook, Hemanth Kumar, Peter Brocklehurst, Mohammed Bashir, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Philip Alexander, Laura Magill, Rachel Moore, Stephen Tabiri, Joseph Yorke, Dion Morton, Aneel Bhangu, Bryar Kadir, Naveen Sharma, Punam Mistry, Joshua Arthur, Muneer A Malik, Tracy Roberts, Elisee Rwagahirima, Christian Urimubabo, Ewen Harrison, Vijay Kumar, Julia Brown, Pollyanna Hardy, Amit Mahajan, Pratik Solanki, James Glasbey, Himani Gupta, Omar Omar, Joana Simoes, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Felix Alakaloko, Olumide Elebute, Omolara Faboya, Justina Seyi-Olajide, Anita Thomas, David Lissauer, Zainab Imam, George Ihediwa, Zainab O Imam, Felix M Alakaloko, Pradeep Zechariah, Suraj Surendran, Olatunji O Lawal, Mohammed Adnan, Savleen Kaur, Faustin Ntirenganya, JC Allen Ingabire, Lawani Ismaïl, Emmy Runigamugabo, Djifid Morel Seto, Paul Wondoh, Charles Dally, Kwabena Agbedinu, Florence Dedey, Enoch Tackie, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Anthony Davor, Akinlabi Ajao, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Olalekan Ajai, Mobolaji Oludara, Muhammad Daniyan, Danjuma Sale, Lawal Abdullahi, Olabisi Osagie, Adedeji Fatuga, Muzzammil Abdullahi, Manish Pathak, Prashant Singh, Rita Jain, Kwaku Boakye-Yiadom, Kazeem Atobatele, Ayokunle Ogunyemi, Olabode Oshodi, Christopher Bode, Omobolaji O Ayandipo, Akinlabi E Ajao, Godwin Akaba, Gabriella Hyman, Deepak Singh, Olukemi Akande, Sivesh Kathir Kamarajah, Naseem Akhtar, José A Flores, Donna Smith, Olatunji Lawal, Hadijat Olaide Raji, Zafar Khan, Matthew Francis, Emmanuel Williams, Pardeep Kumar, Oliver Samuel, María Paz Muñoz, Arun Chaturvedi, Sameer Gupta, Puneet Prakash, John Raphael, Funmilola Wuraola, Olalekan Olasehinde, Murlidhar V Pai, Deepak Jain, Anwar Sadat Seidu, Victor Ifeanyichukwu Modekwe, Jideofor Okechukwu Ugwu, Lukmon Amosu, Akan Inyang, Michael Amoah, Boateng Nimako, Dhruva Ghosh, Neil Winkles, Olabisi O Osagie, Karolin Kroese, Olubunmi Ogein, Mustapha Yakubu, Vasanth Mark Samuel, Cecil Thomas, Enono Yhoshu, Vishal Michael, William Bhatti, Swati Daniel, Jyoti Dhiman, Atul Suroy, Christopher O Bode, George C Ihediwa, Adaiah Soibi-Harry, Benedetto Osunwusi, Elizabeth Li, Sonia Mathai, Deepak Singla, Farhanul Huda, Aisha Mustapha, Anisah Yahya, Samuel Mensah, Puneet Pareek, Bernard Ofori, Souliath Lawani, Oluwafunmilayo Adeniyi, Opeyemi Rebecca Akinajo, Richard Ofosu-Akromah, Olumide Adeniyi, Adewale O. Adisa, Natacha Boumas, Fareeda Galley, Frank Enoch Gyamfi Parvez D Haque, Antonio Ramos de la Medina, Chukwuma Okereke, Ronald Tubasime, Felicity Brant, Sohini Chakrabortee, Parvez D Haque, Emily Heritage, Carmela Lapitan, Rachel Lillywhite, Pierre Sodonougbo, Pamphile Assouto, Michel Fiogbe, Houenoukpo Koco, Serge Metchinhoungbe, Hodonou Sogbo, Hulrich Behanzin, Yannick Tandje, Sosthène Kangni, Cyrile Kpangon, Marcelin Akpla, Hugues Herve Chobli, Blaise Kovohouande, Gérard Agboton, Rene Ahossi, Raoul Baderha Ngabo, Nathan Bisimwa, Covalic Melic Bokossa Kandokponou, Mireille Dokponou, Francis Moïse Dossou, Corinne Dzemta, Antoine Gaou, Roland Goudou, Emmanuel Hedefoun, Sunday Houtoukpe, Felix Kamga, Eric Kiki- Migan, Ismaïl Lawani, René Loko, Afissatou Moutaïrou, Pencome Ogouyemi, Fouad Soumanou, Pia Tamadaho, Mack-Arthur Zounon, Luke Aniakwo Adagrah, Bin Baaba Alhaji Alhassan, Mabel Pokuah Amoako-Boateng, Anthony Baffour Appiah, Alvin Asante-Asamani, Benedict Boakye, Samuel A Debrah, Donald Enti, Rahman Adebisi Ganiyu, Patience Koggoh, Richard Kpankpari, Isabella Naa M. Opandoh, Meshach Agyemang Manu, Maison Patrick Opoku Manu, Martin Tangnaa Morna, John Nkrumah, Michael Nortey, Emmanuel Owusu Ofori, Elizaberth Mercy Quartson, Esther Adjei-Acquah, Eric Agyemang Vera Agyekum, Rebecca Adjeibah Akesseh, Forster Amponsah-Manu, Ato Oppong Acquah, Leslie Issa Adam-Zakariah, Esther Asabre, Ruby Acheampong Boateng, Barbara Koomson, Ataa Kusiwaa, Emmanuel Yaw Twerefour, James Ankomah, Frank Assah-Adjei, Anthony Appiah Boakye, Godfred Fosu, Godwin Serbeh, Kofi Yeboah Gyan, Isaac Omane Nyarko, Zelda Robertson, Ralph Armah, Christopher Asare, Delali Akosua Gakpetor, Victoria Sena Gawu, Ambe Obbeng, Doris Ofosuhene, Dorcas Osei-Poku, Diana Puozaa, Arkorful Ebenezer Temitope, Regina Acquah, James Amoako, Akosua Dwamena Appiah, Mark Aseti, Charles Banka, Samuel Dadzie, Derick Essien, Romeo Hussey, Jemima Kwarteng, Naa Anyekaa Sowah, Grace Yeboah, Cynthia Yeboah, Kwame Gyambibi Addo, Enoch Appiah Akosa, Percy Boakye, Christian Larbi Coompson, Brian Gyamfi, Bismark Effah Kontor, Christian Kyeremeh, Ruth Manu, Elijah Mensah, Friko Ibrahim Solae, Gideon Kwasi Toffah, Dorcas Otuo Acheampong, Jane Acquaye, Michael Adinku, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Emmanuel Gyimah Amankwa, George Amoah, Juliana Appiah, Alex Ayim, Emmanuel Kafui Ayodeji, Jonathan Boakye-Yiadom, Edward Amoah Boateng, Christian Kofi Gyasi-Sarpong, Naabo Nuhu Noel Hamidu, Iddrisu Haruna, Naa Kwarley, Agbenya Kobla Lovi, Bertina Beauty Nyadu, Dominic Opoku, Anita Osabutey, Robert Sagoe, Samuel Tuffour, Yaa Tufour, Francis Akwaw Yamoah, Abiboye Cheduko Yefieye, Nii Armah Adu-Aryee, Faisal Adjei, Erica Akoto, Elikem Ametefe, Joachim Kwaku Amoako, Godsway Solomon Attepor, George Darko Brown, Benjamin Fenu, Philemon Kwame Kumassah, David Olatayo Olayiwola, Theodore Wordui, Nelson Agboadoh, Fatao Abubakari, Cletus Ballu, Charles Gyamfi Barimah, Guy Casskey Boateng, Prosper Tonwisi Luri, Abraham Titigah, Frank Owusu, Raphael Adu-Brobbey, Abdul-Hamid Labaran, Junior Atta Owusu, Vivian Adobea, Amos Bennin, Fred Dankwah, Stanley Doe, Ruth Sarfo Kantanka, Ephraim Kobby, Kennedy Kofi Korankye Hanson Larnyor, Edwin Osei, Prince Yeboah Owusu, Clement Ayum Sie-Broni, Marshall Zume, Francis Atindaana Abantanga, Darling Ramatu Abdulai, Daniel Kwesi Acquah, Emmanuel Ayingayure, Imoro Osman, Sheba Kunfah, Gbana Limann, Shamudeen Alhassan Mohammed, Sheriff Mohammed, Yakubu Musah, Emmanuel Abem Owusu, Abdul-Hafiz Saba, Edwin Mwintiereh Ta-ang Yenli, Arun Gautham, Alice Hepzibah, Grace Mary, Dimple Bhatti, Karan Bir, Tapasya Dhar, Sunita Goyal, Goyal Ankush, Monika Hans, Parvez Haque, Samuel Konda, Anil Luther, Shalini Makkar, Kavita Mandrelle, Partho Mukherjee, Reuben Rajappa, Ravinder Thind, Alen Thomas, Arti Tuli, Sreejith Veetil, Esther Daniel Mark Jesudason, K Priyadarshini, Latha Madankumar, Rohin Mittal, Ida Nagomy, Rajesh Selvakumar, Bharat Shankar, Moonish Sivakumar, Rajeevan Sridhar, Devabalan Titus, Manisha Aggarwal, Parth Dhamija, Vinoth Kanna, Ashwani Kumar, Gurtaj Singh, Josy Thomas, Amos Dasari, Priya Jacob, Elizabeth Kurien, Arpit Mathew, Danita Prakash, Anju Susan, Rose Varghese, Rahul Alpheus, Ashish Choudhrie, Nitin Peters, Subrat Raul, Rakesh Vakil, Wenceslao Ángeles Bueno, Francisco Barbosa Camacho, Aldo Bernal Hernández, Ana Bogurin Arellano, Edgar Cortes Torres, Clotilde Fuentes Orozco, Erick González García de Rojas, Alejandro González Ojeda, Bertha Guzmán Ramírez, Michel Hernández Valadez, Diego Luna Acevedo, Rubén Morán Galaviz, Oscar Olvera Flores, José Pérez Navarro, Kevin Pintor Belmontes, Fernando Ramirez Marbello, Luis Ramírez-González, Laura Reyes Aguirre, Ramona Rojas García, Eduardo Valtierra Robles, Reyes Cervantes Ortiz, Gonzalo Hernandez Gonzalez, Rosa Hernandez Krauss, Luis Hernández Miguelena, Marco Hurtado Romero, Isaac Baltazar Gomez, Celina Cuellar Aguirre, Alejandro Cuevas Avendaño, Luis Dominguez Sansores, Hector Ortiz Mejia, Laura Urdapilleta Gomez del Campo, Claudia Caballero Cerdan, David Dominguez Solano, Rafael Toriz Garcia, Mariana Barreto Gallo, Ana Cortes Flores, Alejandro Gonzalez Ojeda, Monica Jimenez Velasco, Rozana Reyes Gamez, Roque Lincona Menindez, Alberto Navarrete Peón, Irani Durán Sánchez, Diana Gonzalez Vazquez, Maria Martínez Lara, Laura Martinez Perez Maldonado, Alejandra Nayen Sainz de la Fuente, Antonio Ramos De la Medina, Khadija Ado, Mohammed Aliyu, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Mahmoud Magashi, Abubakar Muhammad, Saminu Muhammad, Bello Muideen, Idris Takai, Onyekachi Ukata, Opeoluwa Adesanya, David Awonuga, Olushola Fasiku, Chidiebere Ogo, Moruf Abdulsalam, Abimbola Adeniran, Grace Eke, Esther Momson, Francisca Nwaenyi, Olufunmilade Omisanjo, Yusuf Oshodi, Yemisi Oyewole, Omotade Salami, Omolara Williams, Victoria Adeleye, Opeyemi Akinajo, David Akinboyewa, Iyabo Alasi, Oluwole Atoyebi, Olanrewaju Balogun, Orimisan Belie, Andrew Ekwesianya, Francis Ezenwankwo, Adesola Jimoh, Jubril Kuku, Oluwaseun Ladipo- Ajayi, Ayomide Makanjuola, Olayanju Mokwenyei, Samuel Nwokocha, Rufus Ojewola, Abraham Oladimeji, Thomas Olajide, Oluwaseun Oluseye, Aloy Ugwu, Ochomma Egwuonwu, Okechukwu Ekwunife, Victor Modekwe, Chukwuemeka Okoro, Chisom Uche, Kenneth Ugwuanyi, Chuka Ugwunne, Akeem Adeleke, Wilson Adenikinju, Akinfolarin Adepiti, Adewale Aderounmu, Abdulhafiz Adesunkanmi, Adewale Adisa, Samuel Ajekwu, Olusegun Ajenjfuja, Jerrie Akindojutimi, Akinbolaji Akinkuolie, Olusegun Alatise, Olubukola Allen, Micheal Archibong, Olukayode Arowolo, Deborah Ayantona, Ademola Ayinde, Olusegun Badejoko, Tajudeen Badmus, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Emeka Igbodike, Omotade Ijarotimi, Adedayo Lawal, Fayowole Nana, Tunde Oduanafolabi, Olaniyi Olayemi, Stephen Omitinde, Owolabi Oni, Chigozie Onyeze, Ernest Orji, Adewale Rotimi, Abdulkadir Salako, Olufemi Solaja, Oluwaseun Sowemimo, Ademola Talabi, Mohammed Tajudeen, Francis Adebayo, Oseremen Aisuodionoe- Shadrach, Lazarus Ameh, Ndubuisi Mbajiekwe, Felix Ogbo, Samson Olori, Samuel Sani Abu Sadiq, Nancy Tabuanu, Martins Uanikhoba, Godwin Chiejina, Ekpo Edet, Mary Isa, Faith Iseh, Adams Marwa, Sunday Ogbeche, Edima Olory, Gabriel Udie, Joseph Udosen, Usang Usang, Olukayode Abayomi, Rukiyat Abdus-Salam, Sikiru Adebayo, Olanrewaju Amusat, Kelvin Egbuchulem, Hyginus Ekwuazi, Peter Elemile, Taiwo Lawal, Solomon Olagunju, Peter Osuala, Bamidele Suleman, Augustine Takure, Lukman Abdur-Rahman, Nurudeen Adeleke, Muideen Adesola, Rafiat Afolabi, Sulaiman Agodirin, Isiaka Aremu, Jibril Bello, Saheed Lawal, Abdulwahab Lawal, Hadijat Raji, Olayinka Sayomi, Asimiyu Shittu, Jude Ede, Sebastian Ekenze, Vincent Enemuo, Matthew Eze, Uchechukwu Ezomike, Emmanuel Izuka, Okezie Mbadiwe, Ngozi Mbah, Uba Ezinne, Iweha Ikechukwu, Okoi Nnyonno, Philemon Okoro, Igwe Patrick, Oriji Vaduneme, Abhulimen Victor, Salathiel Kanyarukiko, Francine Mukaneza, Deborah Mukantibaziyaremye, Aphrodis Munyaneza, Gibert Ndegamiye, Ronald Tubasiime, Moses Dusabe, Emelyne Izabiriza, Hope Lydia Maniraguha, Christophe Mpirimbanyi, Josiane Mutuyimana, Olivier Mwenedata, Francine Uwizeyimana, Job Zirikana, Aime Dieudonne Hirwa, Elysee Kabanda, Salomee Mbonimpaye, Christine Mukakomite, Piolette Muroruhirwe, Georges Bucyibaruta, Gisele Juru Bunogerane, Sosthene Habumuremyi, Jean de Dieu Haragirimana, Alphonsine Imanishimwe, Violette Mukanyange, Emmanuel Munyaneza, Emmanuel Mutabazi, Isaie Ncogoza, Jeannette Nyirahabimana, Mary Augusta Adams, Richard Crawford, Chikwendu Jeffrey Ede, Maria Fourtounas, Morapedi Kwati, Mpho Nosipho Mathe, Ncamsile Anthea Nhlabathi, Hlengiwe Samkelisiwe Nxumalo, Paddy Pattinson, Nnosa Sentholang, Mmule Evelyn Sethoana, Maria Elizabeth Stassen, Laura Thornley, Cheryl Birtles, Mathete Ivy, Cynthia Mbavhalelo, Zain Ally, Abdus-sami Adewunmi, Maria Picciochi, Michael Bahrami-Hessari, Didier Ahogni Benin, Aristide Ahounou, K. Alassan Boukari, Oswald Gbehade, Thierry K Hessou, Sinama Nindopa, M.J. Bienvenue Nontonwanou, Nafissatou Orou Guessou, Arouna Sambo, Sorekou Victoire Tchati, Affisatou Tchogo, Semevo Romaric Tobome, Parfait Yanto, Isidore Gandaho, Armel Hadonou, Simplice Hinvo, Montcho Adrien Hodonou, Sambo Bio Tamou, Marie-Claire Kouroumta, Enrif Malade, Anne stredy Mkoh Dikao, Joel Nzuwa Nsilu, Nathan Bisimwa Mitima, Cyrille Kpangon, Stephane Laurent Loupeda, Mamonde Victorin Agbangla, Sena Emmanuel Hedefoun, Thierry Mavoha, Juvenal Ngaguene, Janvier Rugendabanga, Rish Romaric Soton, Martin Totin, Mouhamed Agbadebo, Irene Akpo, Hubert Dewamon, Martin Djeto, Aissatou Hada, Monsede Hollo, Albert Houndji, Anasthasie Houndote, Sylvestre Hounsa, Expedit Kpatchassou, Hugues Yome, Mohamed Moussa Alidou, Bonheur Dossou Yovo, Robert Guinnou, Souleymane Hamadou, Nabil Moussa, Boniface Cakpo, Lolyta Etchisse, Emery Hatangimana, Moise Muhindo, Katia Sanni, Agossou Barthelemy Yevide, Hermann Agossou, Fiston Basirwa Musengo, Bill Armstrong Alia, Arnaud Alitonou, Lucien Agbanda, Julien Attinon, Marcel Gbassi, Nounagnon Rene Hounsou, Derick Esssien, Yakubu Mustapha, Kojo Nunoo-Ghartey, Luke A Aniakwo, Margarey N M Adjei, Yvonne Adofo-Asamoah, Meshach M Agyapong, Thomas Agyen, Baba A B Alhassan, Mabel P Amoako-Boateng, Josephine Ashong, Joseph K Awindaogo, Benjamin B Brimpong, Makafui S C J K Dayie, Wendy W Ghansah, Jude E Gyamfi, Vincent Kudoh, Philip Mensah, Isabella N Morkor Opandoh, Martin T Morna, Emelia Odame, Emmanuel O Ofori, Sandra Quaicoo, Elizabert M Quartson, Cynthia Teye-Topey, Makafui Yigah, Safia Yussif, Vera O Agyekum-Gyimah, Eric Agyemang, Arko Akoto- Ampaw, Temitope E Arkorful, Moses A Dokurugu, Nanabanyin Essel, Aja Ijeoma, Emmanuel L Obiri, Karen N D Quarchey, Leslie Adam-Zakariah, Aaron B Andoh, Ruby A Boateng, Atta Kusiwaa, Adeline Naah, Ato Oppon-Acquah, Benjamin A Oppong, Emma A Agbowada, Ameley Akosua, O Lawrence Dorcas Acheampong, Frank E Gyamfi, Bertina B Nyadu, Samira Abdulai, Nii A Adu-Aryee, Joachim K Amoako, Nicholas T Aperkor, Wilfred K Asman, Godsway S Attepor, Antoinette A Bediako-Bowan, George D Brown, Victor K Etwire, Benjamin S Fenu, Philemon K Kumassah, Linda A Larbi-Siaw, Josephine Nsaful, David O Olatola, Sandra E Tsatsu, Iddrisu I A Abdul-Aziz, Johnson Akunyam, Gilbert A G Anasara, Charles G Barimah, Guy C Boateng, Ponala W Kwabena, Seidu M Kwarteng, Prosper T Luri, Kennedy Ngaaso, David K D Ogudi, Collins Kyeremeh, Clement Sie-Broni, Saba Abdul-Hafiz, Daniel K Acquah, Shamsudeen M Adams, Mohammed S Alhassan, Munira Amadu, Samuel A Asirifi, Martin Awe, Millicent Azanlerigu, Mathias K Dery, Yenli Edwin, Abantanga Atindaana Francis, Aloysius Maalekuu, Hawa Malechi, Ibrahim Mohammed, Kareem Mumuni, Bernard A Ofori, Jonathan I K Quansah, Napoleon Bellua Sam, Anwar S Seidu, Shekira Yahaya, Emmanuel Kojo Acquah, Jaabir Alhassan, Christian L Coompson, Addo K Gyambibi, Ametepe Jeffery-Felix, Bismark E Kontor, Gifty Naah, Carmen Noufuentes, Abraham Sakyi, Ramkaran Chaudhary, Sanjeev Misra, Dharma R Poonia, Kirti K Rathod, Mahaveer S Rodha, Nivedita Sharma, Subhash C Soni, Vaibhav K Varsheney, Jeevan R Vishnoi, Deepak K Garnaik, Manoj J Lokavarapu, Rohit Ranjan, Rajkumar K Seenivasagam, Shanky Singh, Raunak Verma, Suzan John, Jeffery A Kalyanapu, Ananta Kutma, Sanish Philips, Arun K Gautham, Deepak S Singh, Eunice S Abraham, Chetana Chetana, Prashant Dummala, Chinta S Gold, Jurgen Jacob, Jeremiah N Joseph, Elizabeth N Kurien, Priya Mary, Arpit J Mathew, Amy E Mathew, Danita D Prakash, Ashwin Sukumar, Niyah Syam, Alisha Bhatt, Dhruva N Ghosh, Ankush Goyal, Monika A Hans, Jyoti Jyoti, Karan Kumar, Vivin Daniel Sam, Ravinder Singh Thind, Sreejith K Veetil, Rahul Williams, D Sreekar, Esther R Daniel, Smitha E Jacob, Mark R Jesudason, Pushplatha Kumari, Soosan Prasad, Srujan Sharma, Moonish V Sivakumar, Paul Trinity, Sudheer Kanchodu, K Leshiini, Sundeep S Saluja, Ashok K Attri, Ishan Bansal, Monika Gureh, Simran Kapoor, Harmanjot Kaur, Simrandeep Singh, Viju John, Nivesh Agrawal, Uttkarsh Kumar, S Abhishek, Vikram Sehrawat, Gaurav Thami, Stanley Mathew, P S Prabhu, P T Sundeep, Shiv Rajan, Mohit Singh, Abhilasha Tripathi, Philip V Alexander, A Vijay, Moloti Kichu* Ismavel, Carolin V Solomi, Rahul A Alpheus, Ashish Victor Choudhrie, Rashmi Jacob Gunny, Susan Joseph, Nitin J Peters, Neha Pundir, Ram Samujh, Hafsa I Ahmed, Gowhar Aziz, Nisar A Chowdri, Rayees A Dar, Robindera Kour, Imtiyaz Mantoo, Asif Mehraj, Fazl Q Parray, Najmus Saqib, Zamir A Shah, Rauf A Wani, Komal Rautela, Nishu Singh, Priyanka Chowdhury, Sona Chowdhury, Pragyanmai Nayak, Bipradas Roy, Andrea S Alvarez Villaseñor, Kriscia V Ascencio Díaz, Victor J Avalos Herrera, Francisco J Barbosa, Elyoenai Bonilla Ahumada, Irma V Brancaccio, Miguel A Calderón, Guadalupe Castillo Cardiel, Guillermo A Cervantes, Gabino Cervantes Guevara, Enrique Cervantes Perez, Maria Chávez, Jonathan M Chejfec, Luis R Cifuentes, Ana O Cortés, Edgar J Cortes, Tania A Cueto, Andrea E Cueto, Esteban Cueva Martinez, Paulina Domínguez 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Mahmoud Kawu Magashi, Mohammad A Mohammad, Abubakar Bala Muhammad, Saminu S Muhammad, Bello Abodunde Muideen, Calistus U Nwachukwu, Suleiman B Sallau, Abdulrahman A Sheshe, Abdulmajeed Soladoye, Idris Usman Takai, Garzali I Umar, Abubakar Yahaya, Lubabatu Abdulrasheed, Joel A Adze, Lydia R Airede, Bashiru Aminu, Stephen B Bature, Firdaws Bello-Tukur, Damai Chinyio, SharonA N Duniya, Moses C Galadima, Babatunde K Hamza, Samaila Joshua, Stephen A Kache, Williams Y Kagomi, Ifeanyi A Kene, Jamila Lawal, Jerry G Makama, Caleb Mohammed, Amina A Mohammed-Durosinlorun, Deborah Nuwam, Abdulrasheed Sani, Salome Tabara, Mathew C Taingson, Emmanuel Usam, Josiah Yakubu, Folasade Adegoke, Oluwasuyi Ige, Tunde A Odunafolabi, Chukwuma E Okereke, Oluwafemi O Oladele, Oluwaseun H Olaleye, Oyetunde O Olubayo, Olukayode P Abiola, Henry O Abiyere, Idowu O Adebara, GbadeboT C Adeleye, Adebayo A Adeniyi, Olumide E Adewara, Olabisi T Adeyemo, Ademola A Adeyeye, Abimbola L Ariyibi, Babatunde S Awoyinka, 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Aderounmu, Abdulhafiz O Adesunkanmi, Adewale O Adisa, Samuel C Ajekwu, Olusegun K Ajenifuja, Olusegun I Alatise, Tajudeen A Badmus, Tajudeen O Mohammed, Abdulkadir A Salako, Oludayo A Sowande, Ademola O Talabi, Funmilola O Wuraola, Paul Aderemi Adegoke, Abidemi Akinloye, Ayodeji Akinniyi, Joseph Ejimogu, Ideyonbe Samuel Eseile, Olakayode Olaolu Ogundoyin, Amos Okedare, Dare Isaac Olulana, Omolara Omotola, Francis Sanwo, Collins C Adumah, Adewale O Ajagbe, Olugbenga P Akintunde, Opeyemi Q Asafa, Kehinde Awodele, Amogu K Eziyi, Adeniyi O Fasanu, Olufemi O Ojewuyi, Abiodun R Ojewuyi, Abisola E Oyedele, Oluwaseun A Taiwo, Habiba I Abdullahi, Nathaniel D Adewole, Teddy E Agida, Eunice E Ailunia, Oseremen Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Godwin O Akaba, Janet Alfred, Terkaa Atim, Kehinde G Bawa, John Y Chinda, Esther B Daluk, Sefiu B Eniola, Augusta O Ezenwa, Stephen E Garba, Philip M Mshelbwala, Ngozi O Ndukwe, Idoko P Ogolekwu, Alexander A Ohemu, Samuel A Sani, Salisu Suleiman, Helen Sunday, Nancy O Tabuanu, Aminu M Umar, Peter I Agbonrofo, Alexander I Arekhandia, Morrison E Edena, Raymond A Eghonghon, Joel E Enaholo, Genesis Ida, Stanley N Ideh, Oseihie I Iribhogbe, Omorodion O Irowa, Maradona E Isikhuemen, Oluwatomi R Odutola, Kester O Okoduwa, Scott O Omorogbe, David Oruade, Osasumwen T Osagie, Osarenkhoe Osemwegie, RukiyatA Abdus-Salam, Sikiru Adekola Adebayo, Oluwasanmi A Ajagbe, Gboyega Ajibola, Kelvin I Egbuchulem, Hyginus O Ekwuazi, Adegbolahan Fakoya, Oluwasegun C Idowu, David O Irabor, Taiwo A Lawal, Olakayode O Ogundoyin, Oluwabukade Ojediran, Naomi Olagunju, Akinsola T Sanusi, Augustine O Takure, Lukman Olajide Abdur-Rahman, Mary Oluwadamilola Adebisi, Nurudeen Abiola Adeleke, Rafiat Tinuola Afolabi, Isiaka Ishola Aremu, Jibril Oyekunle Bello, Robiat Bello, Saheed Abolade Lawal, Adeolu Ojajuni, Sabur Oyewale, Victor Abhulimen, Patrick O Igwe, Ikechukwu Enyinnaya Iweha, Raphael E John, Nnyonno Okoi, Philemon E Okoro, Vaduneme Kingsley Oriji, Ibiene T Oweredaba, Japhet Mizero, Immaculee Mutimamwiza, Francoise Nirere, Irenee Niyongombwa, Jean Paul Majyabere, Anastase Byaruhanga, Rongin Dukuzimana, Jean Aimable Habiyakare, Marie Gloriose Nabada, Marcel Uwizeye, Mathias Ruhosha, Joselyne Igiraneza, Faustine Ingabire, Aloys Karekezi, Jean pierre Masengesho, Lydia Mukamazera, Clemence Mukangabo, Jean Paul Niyomuremyi, Gabriel Ntwari, Celestin Seneza, Divine Umuhoza, Pierrine Nyirangeri, Jean Claude Uwimana, Isaie Sibomana, Desire Rubanguka, Josine Umuhoza, Roda Uwayezu, Leoncie Uzikwambara, Herbert Butana, Moise Dusabeyezu, Athanasie Mukasine, Jean N Utumatwishima, Mediatrice Batangana, Jeande Dieu Haragirimana, AllenJ C Ingabire, Espoir Mwungura, Dancilla Nyirasebura, Christian Jean Urimubabo, Anaclet Dusabimana, Sam Kanyesigye, Robert Munyaneza, Jean Yves Shyirakera, Aimee Domingo, Philip Munda, Chido Nyatsambo, Victor Ojo, Rudo Pswarayi, and Soeren Laurberg

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Medicine (General), R5-920, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published
2024
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26. Microbiology testing capacity and antimicrobial drug resistance in surgical-site infections: a post-hoc, prospective, secondary analysis of the FALCON randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries

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Aboderin, Aaron Oladipo, Amfoabegyi, Solomon, Awopeju, Abimbola Temitayo, Bahrami-Hessari, Michael, Garchie, Emmanuel Isaac Acquah, Gill, Martin, Karikari, Akosua, Kirby, Andrew, Makanjuola, Olufunmilola, Mutiu, Bamidele, Offiong, Anthony Bassey, Oshun, Philip Olayiwola, Osumanu, Hisham Alhassan, Owusu-Ofori, Alex, Varghese, Shereen Rachel, Adam-Zakariah, Leslie Issa, Adebanjo, Ademola Tolulope, Aguirre, Celina Cuellar, Akoto, Erica, Aminu, Aliyu, Armah, Ralph, Aruldas, Neerav David, Choudhrie, Ashish V, Coompson, Christian Larbi, Ekwunife, Okechukwu Hyginus, Fourtounas, Maria, Lawani, Souliath, Mathew, Arpit Jacob, Patel, Akhil, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O, Hardy, Pollyanna, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Sodonougbo, Pierre, Behanzin, Hulrich, Kangni, Sosthène, Agboton, Gérard, Adagrah, Luke Aniakwo, Adjei-Acquah, Esther, Acquah, Ato Oppong, Ankomah, James, Acquah, Regina, Addo, Kwame Gyambibi, Acheampong, Dorcas Otuo, Adu-Aryee, Nii Armah, Abubakari, Fatao, Titigah, Abraham, Owusu, Frank, Adu-Brobbey, Raphael, Adobea, Vivian, Abantanga, Francis Atindaana, Gautham, Arun, Bhatti, Dimple, Jesudason, Esther Daniel Mark, Aggarwal, Manisha, Alexander, Philip, Dasari, Amos, Alpheus, Rahul, Kumar, Hemanth, Raul, Subrat, Bueno, Wenceslao Ángeles, Ortiz, Reyes Cervantes, Gomez, Isaac Baltazar, Cerdan, Claudia Caballero, Gallo, Mariana Barreto, Gamez, Rozana Reyes, Sánchez, Irani Durán, Abdullahi, Lawal, Adesanya, Opeoluwa, Abdulsalam, Moruf, Adeleye, Victoria, Egwuonwu, Ochomma, Adeleke, Akeem, Adebayo, Francis, Chiejina, Godwin, Abayomi, Olukayode, Abdur-Rahman, Lukman, Ede, Jude, Ezinne, Uba, Kanyarukiko, Salathiel, Dusabe, Moses, Hirwa, Aime Dieudonne, Bucyibaruta, Georges, Adams, Mary Augusta, Birtles, Cheryl, Ally, Zain, Adewunmi, Abdus-sami, Cook, Jonathan, Brown, Julia, Adisa, Adewale O, Ismail, Lawani, Bhangu, Aneel, Omar, Omar, Simoes, Joana FF, Li, Elizabeth, Chaudhry, Daoud, Saeed, Samerah, Spurring, Eleanor Margaret, Verjee, Azmina, Assouto, Pamphile, Seto, Djifid Morel, Kpangon, Cyrile, Ahossi, Rene, Alhassan, Bin Baaba Alhaji, Agyekum, Vera, Assah-Adjei, Frank, Asare, Christopher, Amoako, James, Akosa, Enoch Appiah, Acquaye, Jane, Adjei, Faisal, Ballu, Cletus, Bennin, Amos, Abdulai, Darling Ramatu, Hepzibah, Alice, Bhatti, William, Paul, Priyadarshini K, Dhamija, Parth, Thomas, Josy, Jacob, Priya, Choudhrie, Ashish, Peters, Nitin, Sharma, Rajeev, Camacho, Francisco Barbosa, Gonzalez, Gonzalo Hernandez, Solano, David Dominguez, Flores, Ana Cortes, Menindez, Roque Lincona, Vazquez, Diana Gonzalez, Ado, Khadija, Awonuga, David, Adeniran, Abimbola, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji, Ekwunife, Okechukwu, Adenikinju, Wilson, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen, Edet, Ekpo, Abdus-Salam, Rukiyat, Adeleke, Nurudeen, Ekenze, Sebastian, Francis, Matthew, Mukaneza, Francine, Izabiriza, Emelyne, Kabanda, Elysee, Bunogerane, Gisele Juru, Crawford, Richard, Ivy, Mathete, Jayne, David, Cousens, Simon, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Ghosh, Dhruva, Gyamfi, Frank Enoch, Brant, Felicity, Fiogbe, Michel, Tandje, Yannick, Akpla, Marcelin, Ngabo, Raoul Baderha, Amoako-Boateng, Mabel Pokuah, Agyemang, Eric, Asabre, Esther, Boakye, Anthony Appiah, Gakpetor, Delali Akosua, Appiah, Akosua Dwamena, Boakye, Percy, Adinku, Michael, Barimah, Charles Gyamfi, Labaran, Abdul-Hamid, Dankwah, Fred, Acquah, Daniel Kwesi, Mary, Grace, Bir, Karan, Madankumar, Latha, Gupta, Himani, Zechariah, Pradeep, Kurien, Elizabeth, Vakil, Rakesh, Hernández, Aldo Bernal, Krauss, Rosa Hernandez, Avendaño, Alejandro Cuevas, Garcia, Rafael Toriz, Ojeda, Alejandro Gonzalez, Peón, Alberto Navarrete, Lara, Maria Martínez, Aliyu, Mohammed, Fasiku, Olushola, Ajai, Olalekan, Adeniyi, Oluwafunmilayo, Modekwe, Victor, Adeniyi, Olumide, Akaba, Godwin, Inyang, Akan, Adebayo, Sikiru, Adesola, Muideen, Enemuo, Vincent, Ikechukwu, Iweha, Mukantibaziyaremye, Deborah, Maniraguha, Hope Lydia, Mbonimpaye, Salomee, Habumuremyi, Sosthene, Ede, Chikwendu Jeffrey, Mbavhalelo, Cynthia, Laurberg, Soren, Smart, Neil, de la Medina, Antonio Ramos, Brocklehurst, Peter, Koco, Houenoukpo, Chobli, Hugues Herve, Bisimwa, Nathan, Appiah, Anthony Baffour, Akesseh, Rebecca Adjeibah, Boateng, Ruby Acheampong, Fosu, Godfred, Gawu, Victoria Sena, Aseti, Mark, Agbedinu, Kwabena, Ametefe, Elikem, Boateng, Guy Casskey, Owusu, Junior Atta, Doe, Stanley, Ayingayure, Emmanuel, Singh, Deepak, Daniel, Swati, Mittal, Rohin, Kanna, Vinoth, Mathew, Arpit, Arellano, Ana Bogurin, Miguelena, Luis Hernández, Sansores, Luis Dominguez, Velasco, Monica Jimenez, Muñoz, Maria Paz, Perez-Maldonado, Laura Martinez, Anyanwu, Lofty-John, Ogo, Chidiebere, Akande, Olukemi, Akinajo, Opeyemi, Okoro, Chukwuemeka, Adepiti, Akinfolarin, Ameh, Lazarus, Isa, Mary, Ajao, Akinlabi, Afolabi, Rafiat, Eze, Matthew, Nnyonno, Okoi, Munyaneza, Aphrodis, Mpirimbanyi, Christophe, Mukakomite, Christine, Haragirimana, Jean de Dieu, Moore, Rachel, Metchinhoungbe, Serge, Kovohouande, Blaise, Kandokponou, Covalic Melic Bokossa, Asante-Asamani, Alvin, Amponsah-Manu, Forster, Koomson, Barbara, Serbeh, Godwin, Obbeng, Ambe, Banka, Charles, Gyamfi, Brian, Agbeko, Anita Eseenam, Amoako, Joachim Kwaku, Luri, Prosper Tonwisi, Kantanka, Ruth Sarfo, Osman, Imoro, Dhar, Tapasya, Nagomy, Ida, Kumar, Ashwani, Prakash, Danita, Torres, Edgar Cortes, Romero, Marco Hurtado, Mejia, Hector Ortiz, de la Fuente, Alejandra Nayen Sainz, Magashi, Mahmoud, Atobatele, Kazeem, Akinboyewa, David, Uche, Chisom, Aderounmu, Adewale, Mbajiekwe, Ndubuisi, Iseh, Faith, Amusat, Olanrewaju, Agodirin, Sulaiman, Ezomike, Uchechukwu, Okoro, Philemon, Ndegamiye, Gibert, Mutuyimana, Josiane, Muroruhirwe, Piolette, Imanishimwe, Alphonsine, Hyman, Gabriella, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Sogbo, Hodonou, Dokponou, Mireille, Boakye, Benedict, Ofosu-Akromah, Richard, Kusiwaa, Ataa, Gyan, Kofi Yeboah, Ofosuhene, Doris, Dadzie, Samuel, Kontor, Bismark Effah, Amankwa, Emmanuel Gyimah, Attepor, Godsway Solomon, Kobby, Ephraim, Kunfah, Sheba, Dhiman, Jyoti, Selvakumar, Rajesh, Singh, Gurtaj, Susan, Anju, Orozco, Clotilde Fuentes, del Campo, Laura Urdapilleta Gomez, de la Medina, Antonio Ramos De, Muhammad, Abubakar, Eke, Grace, Alasi, Iyabo, Ugwuanyi, Kenneth, Adesunkanmi, Abdulhafiz, Ogbo, Felix, Marwa, Adams, Ayandipo, Omobolaji, Aremu, Isiaka, Izuka, Emmanuel, Patrick, Igwe, Tubasiime, Ronald, Mwenedata, Olivier, Ingabire, JC Allen, Khan, Zafar, Harrison, Ewen, Tabiri, Stephen, Glasbey, James, Dossou, Francis Moïse, Debrah, Samuel A, Enti, Donald, Twerefour, Emmanuel Yaw, Nyarko, Isaac Omane, Osei-Poku, Dorcas, Essien, Derick, Kyeremeh, Christian, Amoah, Michael, Brown, George Darko, Larnyor, Kennedy Kofi Korankye-Hanson, Limann, Gbana, Shankar, Bharat, Varghese, Rose, de Rojas, Erick González García, Muhammad, Saminu, Faboya, Omolara, Alakaloko, Felix, Ugwunne, Chuka, Adisa, Adewale, Olori, Samson, Ogbeche, Sunday, Egbuchulem, Kelvin, Bello, Jibril, Mbadiwe, Okezie, Raphael, John, Rwagahirima, Elisee, Mukanyange, Violette, Kwati, Morapedi, Dzemta, Corinne, Ganiyu, Rahman Adebisi, Robertson, Zelda, Puozaa, Diana, Manu, Ruth, Amoah, George, Fenu, Benjamin, Osei, Edwin, Mohammed, Shamudeen Alhassan, Goyal, Sunita, Sivakumar, Moonish, Muideen, Bello, Imam, Zainab, Atoyebi, Oluwole, Ajekwu, Samuel, Osagie, Olabisi, Olory, Edima, Ekwuazi, Hyginus, Lawal, Saheed, Mbah, Ngozi, Vaduneme, Oriji, Uwizeyimana, Francine, Munyaneza, Emmanuel, Mathe, Mpho Nosipho, Haque, Parvez D, Gaou, Antoine, Koggoh, Patience, Tackie, Enoch, Hussey, Romeo, Mensah, Elijah, Appiah, Juliana, Kumassah, Philemon Kwame, Owusu, Prince Yeboah, Mohammed, Sheriff, Goyal, Ankush, Sridhar, Rajeevan, Ramírez, Bertha Guzmán, Takai, Idris, Momson, Esther, Balogun, Olanrewaju, Ajenjfuja, Olusegun, Sadiq, Abu, Udie, Gabriel, Elemile, Peter, Lawal, Abdulwahab, Victor, Abhulimen, Zirikana, Job, Mutabazi, Emmanuel, Heritage, Emily, Goudou, Roland, Kpankpari, Richard, Temitope, Arkorful Ebenezer, Kwarteng, Jemima, Solae, Friko Ibrahim, Arthur, Joshua, Olayiwola, David Olatayo, Sie-Broni, Clement Ayum, Musah, Yakubu, Thomas, Cecil, Valadez, Michel Hernández Valadez, Ukata, Onyekachi, Nwaenyi, Francisca, Belie, Orimisan, Akindojutimi, Jerrie, Sani, Samuel, Udosen, Joseph, Lawal, Taiwo, Raji, Hadijat, Ncogoza, Isaie, Nhlabathi, Ncamsile Anthea, Hedefoun, Emmanuel, Opandoh, Isabella Naa M., Sowah, Naa Anyekaa, Toffah, Gideon Kwasi, Ayim, Alex, Wordui, Theodore, Zume, Marshall, Ofori, Bernard, Hans, Monika, Titus, Devabalan, Acevedo, Diego Luna, Ogunyemi, Ayokunle, Bode, Christopher, Akinkuolie, Akinbolaji, Tabuanu, Nancy, Usang, Usang, Lawal, Olatunji, Sayomi, Olayinka, Nxumalo, Hlengiwe Samkelisiwe, Kroese, Karolin, Houtoukpe, Sunday, Manu, Meshach Agyemang, Yeboah, Grace, Ayodeji, Emmanuel Kafui, Agboadoh, Nelson, Owusu, Emmanuel Abem, Haque, Parvez, Galaviz, Rubén Morán, Oludara, Mobolaji, Ekwesianya, Andrew, Alatise, Olusegun, Uanikhoba, Martins, Olagunju, Solomon, Shittu, Asimiyu, Nyirahabimana, Jeannette, Pattinson, Paddy, Lillywhite, Rachel, Lapitan, Carmela, Kamga, Felix, Manu, Maison Patrick Opoku, Yeboah, Cynthia, Boakye-Yiadom, Jonathan, Saba, Abdul-Hafiz, Konda, Samuel, Flores, Oscar Olvera, Omisanjo, Olufunmilade, Elebute, Olumide, Allen, Olubukola, Osuala, Peter, Urimubabo, Christian, Sentholang, Nnosa, Kiki-Migan, Eric, Mensah, Samuel, Boateng, Edward Amoah, Seidu, Anwar Sadat, Luther, Anil, Navarro, José Pérez, Oshodi, Olabode, Ezenwankwo, Francis, Amosu, Lukmon, Suleman, Bamidele, Sethoana, Mmule Evelyn, Lissauer, David, Morna, Martin Tangnaa, Dally, Charles, Mahajan, Amit, Belmontes, Kevin Pintor, Oshodi, Yusuf, Fatuga, Adedeji, Archibong, Micheal, Takure, Augustine, Stassen, Maria Elizabeth, Magill, Laura, Lawani, Ismaïl, Nkrumah, John, Davor, Anthony, Yakubu, Mustapha, Makkar, Shalini, Marbello, Fernando Ramirez, Oyewole, Yemisi, Ihediwa, George, Arowolo, Olukayode, Thornley, Laura, Morton, Dion, Loko, René, Nortey, Michael, Gyasi-Sarpong, Christian Kofi, Yenli, Edwin Mwintiereh Ta-ang, Mandrelle, Kavita, Ramírez-González, Luis, Salami, Omotade, Jimoh, Adesola, Ayantona, Deborah, Wondoh, Paul, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Mistry, Punam, Moutaïrou, Afissatou, Ofori, Emmanuel Owusu, Hamidu, Naabo Nuhu Noel, Michael, Vishal, Aguirre, Laura Reyes, Williams, Omolara, Kuku, Jubril, Ayinde, Ademola, Monahan, Mark, Ogouyemi, Pencome, Quartson, Elizaberth Mercy Quartson, Haruna, Iddrisu, Mukherjee, Partho, García, Ramona Rojas, Ladipo-Ajayi, Oluwaseun, Badejoko, Olusegun, Soumanou, Fouad, Kwarley, Naa, Rajappa, Reuben, Robles, Eduardo Valtierra, Makanjuola, Ayomide, Badmus, Tajudeen, Smith, Donna, Tamadaho, Pia, Lovi, Agbenya Kobla, Singh, Prashant, Mokwenyei, Olayanju, Etonyeaku, Amarachukwu, Zounon, Mack-Arthur, Nimako, Boateng, Suroy, Atul, Nwokocha, Samuel, Igbodike, Emeka, Nyadu, Bertina Beauty, Thind, Ravinder, Ogein, Olubunmi, Ijarotimi, Omotade, Opoku, Dominic, Thomas, Alen, Ojewola, Rufus, Lawal, Adedayo, Pinkney, Thomas, Osabutey, Anita, Tuli, Arti, Oladimeji, Abraham, Nana, Fayowole, Roberts, Tracy, Sagoe, Robert, Veetil, Sreejith, Olajide, Thomas, Oduanafolabi, Tunde, Tuffour, Samuel, Oluseye, Oluwaseun, Olasehinde, Olalekan, Tufour, Yaa, Seyi-Olajide, Justina, Olayemi, Olaniyi, Winkles, Neil, Yamoah, Francis Akwaw, Soibi-Harry, Adaiah, Omitinde, Stephen, Yefieye, Abiboye Cheduko, Ugwu, Aloy, Oni, Owolabi, Yorke, Joseph, Williams, Emmanuel, Onyeze, Chigozie, Orji, Ernest, Rotimi, Adewale, Salako, Abdulkadir, Solaja, Olufemi, Sowemimo, Oluwaseun, Talabi, Ademola, Tajudeen, Mohammed, and Wuraola, Funmilola

Published
2024
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38. B- and D-meson semileptonic decays with highly improved staggered quarks

Author

Jay, William I, Lytle, Andrew, DeTar, Carleton, El-Khadra, Aida, Gamiz, Elvira, Gelzer, Zechariah, Gottlieb, Steven, Kronfeld, Andreas, Simone, Jim, and Vaquero, Alejandro

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Lattice
Abstract

We present results for $B_{(s)}$- and $D_{(s)}$-meson semileptonic decays from ongoing calculations by the Fermilab Lattice and MILC Collaborations. Our calculation employs the highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) action for both sea and valence quarks and includes several ensembles with physical-mass up, down, strange, and charm quarks and lattice spacings ranging from $a\approx0.15$ fm down to 0.06 fm. At most lattice spacings, an ensemble with physical-mass light quarks is included. The use of the highly improved action, combined with the MILC Collaboration's gauge ensembles with lattice spacings down to $a\approx0.042$ fm, allows heavy valence quarks to be treated with the same discretization as the light and strange quarks. This unified treatment of the valence quarks allows (in some cases) for absolutely normalized currents, bypassing the need for perturbative matching, which has been a leading source of uncertainty in previous calculations of $B$-meson decay form factors by our collaboration. All preliminary form-factor results are blinded., Comment: Joint proceedings for talks at the 38th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE2021, 26th-30th July, 2021, Zoom/Gather@Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Published
2021

39. The impact of non-pharmacologic interventions on respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective study from Saudi Arabia

Author

Salma AlBahrani, Turki Omaish Al otaibi, Jaber S. Alqahtani, Samira Jamaan AlZahrani, Dalal Ahmad Sharbini, Fatimah Waleed AlMuyidi, Abdulaziz Obaid Alotaibi, Olayan Abdullah Al Olayan, Suliman Fahad AlMasoud, Mohamad Abdullah H. Bo Obaid, Kauthar Jaffar A. Altawfiq, Arulanantham Zechariah Jebakumar, and Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq

Subjects
RSV, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are frequently observed in infants and young children. The dynamics and transmission of ARTIs have been significantly impacted by the global COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigates the change in admission rates of Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV) in a hospital in Saudi Arabia. Methods: The study included hospitalized pediatric patients who underwent RSV testing in three periods: pre-pandemic (2019), during the pandemic (2020–2021), and the immediate post-pandemic (2022). RSV testing was conducted using either PCR or antigen tests. Results: Between January 2019 to December 2022, out of 927 tested patients, 173 (18.7%) were positive for RSV. The yearly positivity rates were as follows: 42 (35.6%) of 118, 24 (33.3%) of 72, 15 (18.5%) of 81, and 92 (14%) of 656, yearly from 2019 to 2022, respectively (P

Published
2024
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40. Structural diversity, computational outputs, and supramolecular solid-state assemblies in sustaining the coordination chemistry of zinc, cadmium, and mercury dithiocarbamates

Author

Shotonwa, Ibukun O., Osifeko, Olawale L., Amos, Samuel F., Akande, Emmanuel O., Adejare, Adeniyi A., Olaoye, Toluwalase R., Akinwande, Blessing B., Adeoluwa, Zainab A., Benjamin, Ngozi F., Lambo, Michael O., Obietikponah, Chizzy F., Chukwuyem, David N., Ifagbuyi, Peter O., Opeseyi, Abiodun A., Ibrahim, Omeiza O., Oladele, Zainab A., Adeyemi, Ayobami E., Oresanya, Zechariah O., Ogunkoya, Oluwatobi I., and Onwudiwe, Damian

Published
2024
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41. Does Nitrogen Fertilization Improve Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Spring Wheat?

Author

Aixia Xu, Yafei Chen, Xuexue Wei, Zechariah Effah, Lingling Li, Junhong Xie, Chang Liu, and Sumera Anwar

Subjects
nitrogen-use efficiency, N translocation, dry matter translocation, N fertilization, Agriculture
Abstract

To investigate the effects and mechanism of prolonged inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilization on the N-use efficiency of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a long-term study initiated in 2003 was conducted. The study analyzed how N fertilization affects dry matter translocation, N translocation, soil NO3-N, and N-use efficiency. Five different N-fertilizer rate treatments were tested: N0, N52.5, N105, N157.5, and N210, corresponding to annual N fertilizer doses of 0, 52.5, 105.0, 157.5, and 210.0 kg N ha−1, respectively. Results showed that increasing N-fertilizer rates significantly enhanced the two-year average dry matter accumulation amount (DMA) at maturity by 22.97–56.25% and pre-flowering crop growth rate (CGR) by 17.11–92.85%, with no significant increase beyond 105 kg N ha−1. However, no significant correlation was observed between the dry matter translocation efficiency (DTE) and wheat grain yield. Both insufficient and excessive N applications resulted in an imbalanced N distribution favoring vegetative growth over reproductive growth, thus negatively impacting N-use efficiency. At maturity, the N-fertilized treatments significantly increased the two-year average N accumulation amount (NAA) by 52.04–129.98%, with no further increase beyond 105 kg N ha−1. N fertilization also improved the two-year average N translocation efficiency (NTE) by 56.89–63.80% and the N contribution proportion (NCP) of wheat vegetative organs by 27.79–57.83%, peaking in the lower-N treatment (N52.5). However, high-N treatment (N210) led to an increase in NO3-N accumulation in the 0–100 cm soil layer, with an increase of 26.27% in 2018 and 122.44% in 2019. This higher soil NO3-N accumulation in the 0–100 cm layer decreased NHI, NUE, NAE, NPFP, and NMB. Additionally, N fertilization significantly reduced the two-year average N harvest index (NHI) by 9.89–12.85% and N utilization efficiency (NUE) by 11.14–20.79%, both decreasing with higher N application rates. The NAA followed the trend of anthesis > maturity > jointing. At the 105 kg N ha−1 rate, the highest N agronomic efficiency (NAE) (9.31 kg kg−1), N recovery efficiency (NRE) (38.32%), and N marginal benefit (NMB) (10.67 kg kg−1) were observed. Higher dry matter translocation amount (DTA) and N translocation amount (NTA) reduced NHI and NUE, whereas higher NTE improved NHI, NUE, and N partial factor productivity (NPFP). Overall, N fertilization enhanced N-use efficiency in spring wheat by improving N translocation rather than dry matter translocation.

Published
2024
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42. The effect of circular soil biosolarization treatment on the physiology, metabolomics, and microbiome of tomato plants under certain abiotic stresses

Author

Haber, Zechariah, del Mar Rubio Wilhelmi, María, Fernández-Bayo, Jesus D, Harrold, Duff R, Stapleton, James J, Toubiana, David, VanderGheynst, Jean S, Blumwald, Eduardo, Simmons, Christopher W, Sade, Nir, and Achmon, Yigal

Subjects
Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Crop and Pasture Production, Horticultural Production, Responsible Consumption and Production, rhizosphere microbiome, plant metabolome, abiotic stress, sustainable agriculture, organic waste management, soil solarization, anaerobic soil disinfestation, circular economy, Plant Biology, Crop and pasture production, Plant biology
Abstract

Soil biosolarization (SBS) is an alternative technique for soil pest control to standard techniques such as soil fumigation and soil solarization (SS). By using both solar heating and fermentation of organic amendments, faster and more effective control of soilborne pathogens can be achieved. A circular economy may be created by using the residues of a given crop as organic amendments to biosolarize fields that produce that crop, which is termed circular soil biosolarization (CSBS). In this study, CSBS was employed by biosolarizing soil with amended tomato pomace (TP) residues and examining its impact on tomato cropping under conditions of abiotic stresses, specifically high salinity and nitrogen deficiency. The results showed that in the absence of abiotic stress, CSBS can benefit plant physiological performance, growth and yield relative to SS. Moreover, CSBS significantly mitigated the impacts of abiotic stress conditions. The results also showed that CSBS impacted the soil microbiome and plant metabolome. Mycoplana and Kaistobacter genera were found to be positively correlated with benefits to tomato plants health under abiotic stress conditions. Conversely, the relative abundance of the orders RB41, MND1, and the family Ellin6075 and were negatively correlated with tomato plants health. Moreover, several metabolites were significantly affected in plants grown in SS- and CSBS-treated soils under abiotic stress conditions. The metabolite xylonic acid isomer was found to be significantly negatively correlated with tomato plants health performance across all treatments. These findings improve understanding of the interactions between CSBS, soil ecology, and crop physiology under abiotic stress conditions.

Published
2022

44. A Brief Look at Optical Diffuse Reflection (ODR) Spectroscopy: The Kubelka-Munk Formula

Author

Myrick, Michael L., English, Caitlyn M., and Kitzhaber, Zechariah B.

Subjects
Spectrum analysis -- Optical properties, Chemistry, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Physics, Science and technology
Abstract

In this short overview, we consider cases for diffuse reflection spectroscopy and introduce the Kubelka-Munk diffuse reflectance formula. We conclude by comparing diffuse transmittance, diffuse reflectance, logarithmic transforms of both, and the Kubelka-Munk transform for mid-infrared spectroscopy of the same sample., Diffuse reflection (DR) is a process in which light penetrates the front surface of a substance, scatters inside its volume, and exits back through the front surface. Light reflected from [...]

Published
2023

47. Rainwater harvesting in arid and semi-arid lands of Africa: challenges and opportunities

Author

Etienne Umukiza, Romain Ntole, Sylvester R. Chikavumbwa, Erion Bwambale, Davis Sibale, Zechariah Jeremaih, Ciro Apollonio, and Andrea Petroselli

Subjects
asal, rainwater harvesting, benefits, operations, challenges, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental engineering, TA170-171
Abstract

Aim of the study: Arid and semi-arid lands often face a shortage of freshwater due to uncontrolled runoff. In arid and semi-arid regions of Africa, rainwater harvesting is a promising solution that can be implemented for multiple purposes such as agriculture, recreation, flood control, and availability of drinking water. The present review aims to highlight the benefits, opportunities and challenges associated with rainwater harvesting in arid and semi-arid lands of Africa. Material and methods: Analysis of scientific and professional contributions reveals that, although water scarcity remains a major constraint to life and economic development, arid and semi-arid regions of Africa are slowly adopting effective rainwater harvesting measures. Results and conclusions: Based on the findings on benefits and challenges of water harvesting in arid and semi-arid lands of Africa, the present study recommends that policymakers should invest in mass education to adopt rainwater harvesting as complement to traditional water sources, and engage experts to comprehensively design infrastructure for rainwater harvesting using necessary techniques that will optimise collection and storage. To make progress, further research is needed to identify potential zones for runoff harvesting, and rainwater harvesting should be integrated with the much-needed green revolution and climate change adaptations for land reclamation.

Published
2023
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48. Integrating microRNAs and mRNAs reveals the hormones synthesis and signal transduction of maize under different N rates

Author

Kai YUE, Ling-ling LI, Jun-hong XIE, Zechariah EFFAH, Sumera ANWAR, Lin-lin WANG, Hao-feng MENG, and Lin-zhi LI

Subjects
maize kernels, phytohormones, high-throughput sequencing, microRNA, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

The effect of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on the development of maize kernels has yet to be fully explored. MicroRNA-mRNA analyses could help advance our understanding of how kernels respond to N. This study analyzed the morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic changes in maize kernels under different N rates (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha–1). The result showed that increasing N application significantly increased maize grains’ fresh and dry weight until N reached 200 kg ha–1. Higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid, cytokinin, gibberellin, and a lower level of ethylene were associated with increased N applications. We obtained 31 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in hormone synthesis and transduction, and 9 DEGs were regulated by 14 differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMIs) in 26 pairs. The candidate DEGs and DEMIs provide valuable insight for manipulating grain filling under different N rates.

Published
2023
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49. Efficient deletion of microRNAs using CRISPR/Cas9 with dual guide RNAs

Author

Smitha Ijee, Karthik Chambayil, Anurag Dutta Chaudhury, Abhirup Bagchi, Kirti Modak, Saswati Das, Esther Sathya Bama Benjamin, Sonam Rani, Daniel Zechariah Paul, Aneesha Nath, Debanjan Roy, Dhavapriya Palani, Sweety Priyanka, Rakshini Ravichandran, Betty K. Kumary, Yazhini Sivamani, Vijayanand S., Dinesh Babu, Yukio Nakamura, Vasanth Thamodaran, Poonkuzhali Balasubramanian, and Shaji R. Velayudhan

Subjects
miRNA, CRISPR-Cas9, dual-gRNA, iPSCs, erythroid, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that play crucial roles in gene regulation, exerting post-transcriptional silencing, thereby influencing cellular function, development, and disease. Traditional loss-of-function methods for studying miRNA functions, such as miRNA inhibitors and sponges, present limitations in terms of specificity, transient effects, and off-target effects. Similarly, CRISPR/Cas9-based editing of miRNAs using single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) also has limitations in terms of design space for generating effective gRNAs. In this study, we introduce a novel approach that utilizes CRISPR/Cas9 with dual guide RNAs (dgRNAs) for the rapid and efficient generation of short deletions within miRNA genomic regions. Through the expression of dgRNAs through single-copy lentiviral integration, this approach achieves over a 90% downregulation of targeted miRNAs within a week. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of various parameters influencing efficient deletion formation. In addition, we employed doxycycline (Dox)-inducible expression of Cas9 from the AAVS1 locus, enabling homogeneous, temporal, and stage-specific editing during cellular differentiation. Compared to miRNA inhibitory methods, the dgRNA-based approach offers higher specificity, allowing for the deletion of individual miRNAs with similar seed sequences, without affecting other miRNAs. Due to the increased design space, the dgRNA-based approach provides greater flexibility in gRNA design compared to the sgRNA-based approach. We successfully applied this approach in two human cell lines, demonstrating its applicability for studying the mechanisms of human erythropoiesis and pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) biology and differentiation. Efficient deletion of miR-451 and miR-144 resulted in blockage of erythroid differentiation, and the deletion of miR-23a and miR-27a significantly affected iPSC survival. We have validated the highly efficient deletion of genomic regions by editing protein-coding genes, resulting in a significant impact on protein expression. This protocol has the potential to be extended to delete multiple miRNAs within miRNA clusters, allowing for future investigations into the cooperative effects of the cluster members on cellular functions. The protocol utilizing dgRNAs for miRNA deletion can be employed to generate efficient pooled libraries for high-throughput comprehensive analysis of miRNAs involved in different biological processes.

Published
2024
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50. Post-anthesis dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, partitioning, and translocation in maize under different nitrate–ammonium ratios in Northwestern China

Author

Bing Wu, Zhengjun Cui, Effah Zechariah, Lizhuo Guo, Yuhong Gao, Bin Yan, Hongsheng Liu, Yifan Wang, Haidi Wang, and Li Li

Subjects
mixed NO3−/NH4+, maize, grain yield, enzymatic activity, dry matter and nitrogen partitioning and transportation, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

IntroductionAn appropriate supply of ammonium (NH4+) in addition to nitrate (NO3−) can greatly improve plant growth and promote maize productivity. However, knowledge gaps exist regarding the mechanisms by which different nitrogen (N) fertilizer sources affect the enzymatic activity of nitrogen metabolism and non-structural carbohydrates during the post-anthesis period.MethodsA field experiment across 3-year was carried out to explore the effects of four nitrateammonium ratio (NO3−/NH4+ = 1:0 (N1), 1:1 (N2), 1:3 (N3), and 3:1 (N4)) on postanthesis dry matter (DM) and N accumulation, partitioning, transportation, and grain yield in maize.ResultsNO3-/NH4+ ratio with 3:1 improved the enzymatic activity of N metabolism and non-structural carbohydrate accumulation, which strongly promoted the transfer of DM and N in vegetative organs to reproductive organs and improved the pre-anthesis DM and nitrogen translocation efficiency. The enzymatic activities of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, and non-structural carbohydrate accumulation under N4 treatment were increased by 9.30%–32.82%, 13.19%–37.94%, 4.11%–16.00%, 11.19%–30.82%, and 14.89%–31.71% compared with the other treatments. Mixed NO3−-N and NH4+-N increased the total DM accumulation at the anthesis and maturity stages, simultaneously decreasing the DM partitioning of stem, increasing total DM, DM translocation efficiency (DMtE), and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to the grain (CAPG) in 2015 and 2017, promoting the transfer of DM from stem to grain. Furthermore, the grain yield increased by 3.31%–9.94% (2015), 68.6%–26.30% (2016), and 8.292%–36.08% (2017) under the N4 treatment compared to the N1, N2, and N3 treatments.ConclusionThe study showed that a NO3−/NH4+ ratio of 3:1 is recommended for high-yield and sustainable maize management strategies in Northwestern China.

Published
2024
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