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INTRODUCTION Faculty training in understanding basics of assessment is among key tasks of medical school and faculty members. So, Bilawal Medical College Jamshoro, organized 1-day Training Workshop on Assessment in Medical Education. As feedback is necessary for bringing improvement in conducting such workshops in future, so, feedback from faculty participants was taken and evaluated at New-World Kirkpatrick' Model Level-2. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing self-administered questionnaire having 4-parts: 1) Demographics; 2) Retro-pre-questionnaire on knowledge and understanding about basics of assessment at Likert-scale 1-4 (1=not-understand; 4=completely-understand); 3) Retro-pre-questionnaire on participants’ confidence on Likert-scale 1-4 (1=Not-confident, 4=Extremely-confident); and 4) Open-ended questions on strengths and areas for improvement. Data was analyzed for frequency and central tendency and mean of items of before and after participation compared using paired t-test. Open-ended questions’ data was examined manually. RESULTS Significant improvement (p<0.001) in knowledge and understanding on items related to basics of assessment, such as difference between evaluation, assessment and research; fundamentals- why to assess, why assessment needed, what to assess, when to assess, how to assess; Miller’s Pyramid; curricular alignment; tools for assessment; blueprinting for assessment; developing blueprint; purpose of assessment; formative and summative assessment; utility, reliability and validity of tools; why multiple tools used for assessment; and criteria for effective assessment. The confidence of participants significantly enhanced (p<0.001) in developing blueprint and choosing tools for assessment. CONCLUSION Gain in participants knowledge and understanding related to basics of assessment was significant and participants confidence was significantly enhanced in developing blueprint and choosing tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the frequencies & association of different risk factors of bacterial keratitis followed by healing in patients visiting ophthalmology department of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) Hyderabad. Study Design: Prospective case series. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out from May 2013 to October 2013 in the Department of Ophthalmology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) Hyderabad. Material and Methods: During the study period of 6 months 152 patients with bacterial keratitis were purposively sampled keeping in view the eligibility criteria. Variables studied were age, gender, site of eye (right or left), risk factors of keratitis and healing. Frequencies of different variables were analyzed through SPSS version 20 and p-value of <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The results showed that males were more prone to corneal ulcers than females. Trauma was the most common risk factor followed by contact lenses, topical steroids, ocular surface diseases and previous corneal surgeries. Complete healing of the corneal ulcer was recorded in 84% cases. There was statistically significant association of risk factors with trauma (p-value=0.04), contact lens (p-value=0.00001), ocular surface disease (p-value=0.031), topical steroids (p-value=0.05) and previous corneal surgery (p-value=0.01). Conclusion: The study concluded that trauma is the leading cause for the bacterial corneal infections. Males are more prone to have bacterial keratitis in the age group of 31-40 years mostly affected. There is statistically significant association of risk factors like trauma, contact lenses, topical steroids, ocular surface diseases and previous corneal surgery with healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of children with acute respiratory infections from 1 month to 1 year of age attending the pediatric out patient department (OPD) of secondary care hospital in TMK, Sindh and determine the frequency of treatment methods used by mothers when encountered with acute respiratory infection in children. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Pediatrics outpatient department, Taluka Headquarter Hospital District Tando Muhammad Khan (TMK), Sindh Pakistan, from Jul to Sep 2017. Material and Methods: During the study period of three months about 230 children from 1 month to 14 years of age were sampled through non-probability convenient sampling technique according to the set criteria and structured pro-forma was administered to their mothers to gather the required information. The proforma was pre-tested in the similar setting at THQ hospital, Kotri before its administration at the study setting. The findings of questionnaire were analyzed in SPSS version 22. Results: Out of 230 patients 53% (n =121) were males and 47% (n = 109) were females. The age group maximally affected was 5-14 years which were almost 47.9% (n=110) and the other age groups contributed to the remaining part of the patients that is 52.1% (n=120). Most of the patients belong to the lower class and lower middle class that approximately comprised 75% (n=170) of the patients and the remaining 25% (n=60) comprised of poor patients. Approximately 95% (n=218) of mothers were preferring medical practitioners for treatment with 5% (n= 12) going in favor of local remedies. Conclusion: Our study revealed that age group of 5-14 years is mostly the victims of the disease with male predominance as compared to females in this part of the world. Poor socioeconomic status seems to have no effect on occurrence of ARI. Future research is needed in this area to further enhance the study findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the patterns of domestic accidents in community and to assess the awareness of participants regarding their prevention. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of study: Household survey of Hyderabad Pakistan, from Jan to Nov 2015. Material and Methods: A total of 690 participants were included in the study. The information was collected on standard questionnaire. Information with regards to domestic accidents among the family members in the last one year from the date of study was acquired by interviewing the family head or responsible adult. The association of patterns of domestic accidents with demographic characters of the study participants, preventive measures was also assessed. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. All the data were in categorical format therefore using descriptive statistics frequency and percentages were measured for type of domestic accidents, pattern of domestic accidents and Pearson's chi-squared test (χ²) was used to see association between these variables. Results: With 78.4% response rate, the prevalence of domestic accidents was found as 55.1%. Domestic accidents were more common in extremes age groups (62.4%), females (55.3%) and in rural population (61.3%). Injuries due to falls were the among commonly reported accidents (34.2%). Death as a consequence of domestic accidents was almost equally recorded among males and females (22.3% males against 23.8% females). Domestic accidents were less reported among those who were already aware about remedies against accidents in households. Conclusions: Accidents and unintentional injuries in household environment are the neglected issue of public health importance. Extremes of ages, female gender and rural residence are the major risk factors for these events. These can be prevented by raising the level of awareness among at risk population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The objective structured practical examination (OSPE) is a well-recognized method for assessing different domains of students. OSPE has been introduced in many medical institutions across the country for removing the bias in assessment in last few years. Objective: To assess the perceptions of new comers (1st year MBBS) students of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) regarding objective structured practical examination (OSPE). Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: study was conducted at OSPE center LUMHS Jamshoro in Oct 2016. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at OSPE center LUMHS Jamshoro. About 70 male and 130 female (N=200) students of first and second semester MBBS were enrolled through simple random sampling technique and were administered structured questionnaire to obtain student perceptions on OSPE method of examination. Results: The data showed that 80% of students consider it as best examination format to gain good score and 75% students commented that this pattern of examination saved time, 70% had an opinion that it is un-biased. Conclusion: OSPE assessment is better than conventional viva and practical examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]