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Your search keyword '"Zdunek,Krzysztof"' showing total 207 results
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207 results on '"Zdunek,Krzysztof"'

1. Multi-component low and high entropy metallic coatings synthesized by pulsed magnetron sputtering

Author

Strzelecki, Grzegorz W., Nowakowska-Langier, Katarzyna, Mulewska, Katarzyna, Zielinski, Maciej, Kosinska, Anna, Okrasa, Sebastian, Wilczopolska, Magdalena, Chodun, Rafal, Wicher, Bartosz, Mirowski, Robert, and Zdunek, Krzysztof

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

This paper presents the findings of the synthesis of multicomponent (Al, W, Ni, Ti, Nb) alloy coatings from mosaic targets. For the study, a pulsed magnetron sputtering method was employed under different plasma generation conditions: modulation frequency (10 Hz and 1000 Hz), and power (600 W and 1000 W). The processes achieved two types of alloy coatings, high entropy and classical alloys. After the deposition processes, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques were employed to find the morphology, thickness, and chemical and phase compositions of the coatings. Nanohardness and its related parameters, namely H3.Er2, H.E, and 1.Er2H ratios, were measured. An annealing treatment was performed to estimate the stability range for the selected coatings. The results indicated the formation of as-deposited coatings exhibiting an amorphous structure as a single-phase solid solution. The process parameters had an influence on the resulting morphology-a dense and homogenous as well as a columnar morphology, was obtained. The study compared the properties of high-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings and classical alloy coatings concerning their structure and chemical and phase composition. It was found that the change of frequency modulation and the post-annealing process contributed to the increase in the hardness of the material in the case of HEA coatings.

Published
2023
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18. Intermetallic compound layer formation in indium-based micro-bump array fabrication technology for IR detectors.

Author

Kozłowski, Paweł, Jasik, Agata, Łaszcz, Adam, Czuba, Krzysztof, Chmielewski, Krzysztof, and Zdunek, Krzysztof

Subjects
INTERMETALLIC compounds, INFRARED detectors, TRANSMISSION electron microscopy, CHEMICAL composition of plants, INDIUM
Abstract

This work reports on the investigation of homogeneity of the inside of indium micro-bumps/columns placed on Ti/Pt/Au under bump metallisation. This is very important for connection resistivity, long-time durability, and subsequent hybridisation process (e.g., die-bonding). Gold reacts with indium to form intermetallic alloys with different chemo-physical parameters than pure indium. The geometrical and structural parameters of intermetallic alloys were analysed based on transmission electron microscope images. Distribution of elements in the investigated samples was determined using the transmission electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy method. A thickness of intermetallic alloy was 1.02 µm and 1.67 µm in non-annealed (A) and annealed (B) indium columns, respectively. The layered and column-like interior structure of alloys was observed for both samples, respectively, with twice bigger grains in sample B. The graded chemical composition of Au-In intermetallic alloy was detected for the non-annealed In columns in contrast to the constant composition of 40% of Au and 60% of In for the annealed sample B. The atomic distribution has a minor impact on the In column mechanical stability. A yield above 99% of an In column with a 25 µm diameter and a 11 µm height is possible for a uniform columnar structure of intermetallic alloy with a thickness of 1.67 µm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. The role of magnetic energy on plasma localization during the glow discharge under reduced pressure

Author

Chodun Rafal, Nowakowska-Langier Katarzyna, Zdunek Krzysztof, and Okrasa Sebastian

Subjects
glow discharge, grounded magnetron, magnetron sputtering, Science
Abstract

In this work, we present the first results of our research on the synergy of fields, electric and magnetic, in the initiation and development of glow discharge under reduced pressure. In the two-electrode system under reduced pressure, the breakdown voltage characterizes a minimum energy input of the electric field to initiate and sustain the glow discharge. The glow discharge enhanced by the magnetic field applied just above the surface of the cathode influences the breakdown voltage decreasing its value. The idea of the experiment was to verify whether the contribution of potential energy of the magnetic field applied around the cathode is sufficiently effective to locate the plasma of glow discharge to the grounded cathode, which, in fact, is the part of a vacuum chamber wall (the anode is positively biased in this case). In our studies, we used the grounded magnetron unit with positively biased anode in order to achieve favorable conditions for the deposition of thin films on fibrous substrates such as fabrics for metallization, assuming that locally applied magnetic field can effectively locate plasma. The results of our studies (Paschen curve with the participation of the magnetic field) seem to confirm the validity of the research assumption. What is the most spectacular - the glow discharge was initiated between introduced into the chamber anode and the grounded cathode of magnetron ‘assisted’ by the magnetic field (discharge did not include the area of the anode, which is a part of the magnetron construction).

Published
2016
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