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Background: The aim of this manuscript is to analyze the degrees of responsibility for healing that psychotherapists attribute to a set of emotional variables of the therapist involved in the therapeutic process. Such variables, framed within the well-known common factors in psychotherapy, have been proven to be essential in making the therapeutic process effective, as has been shown by research in psychotherapy in recent decades. Materials and Methods: Based on an extensive literature review, the responses from a sample of 69 psychotherapists to a tool created ad hoc are analyzed to verify whether their attributions are in line with the results of said review. Results: The therapists have doubts about the factors responsible for psychotherapeutic effectiveness, as well as about the value of common variables, including those of an emotional nature, not valuing them above those of a specific type. They also argue against the similar effectiveness of different psychotherapeutic models. Conclusion: Discrepancies have thus been found between the conclusions reached by research on therapeutic processes and the statements made by the therapists studied, which could indicate an insufficient impact of psychotherapeutic research on clinical practice. We also propose courses of action such as establishing training programs for the acquisition and development of emotional skills for therapists that could increase the effectiveness of their interventions.

The pandemic generated by COVID-19 is one of the most complex challenges humanity has faced in recent years. This study aims to explore the levels of dispositional optimism, resilience and psychological well-being in the sociodemographic and economic situation produced during the state of alarm and to investigate the resilience mediation between optimism and psychological well-being. The sample included 566 volunteers from Spain (73.5% women; M = 40.2 years, SD = 12.8). An ad hoc questionnaire was applied to request socioeconomic data and dispositional optimism (LOT-R). Resilience and psychological well-being were, respectively, evaluated by the Ryff scale and the Wagnild and Young scale. The results show that older and people with higher educational levels are more optimistic and have better psychological well-being. Well-being is also greater in married, divorced and widowed people and in those who have lived in outdoor spaces. However, those with spaced housing were more optimistic. Finally, it was found that the most optimistic people have better psychological well-being and that this is increased by the mediation process exercised by the ability to overcome adversity, provided age and educational level are controlled. It can be concluded that the design of preventive programs focused on improving strengths, positive emotions and skills in the population would be convenient to protect mental health.

The nature of e-commerce prevents the perception of the intrinsic and sensory attributes of wine. In the virtual environment, visual cues allow consumers to perceive the product, determine their attitude and form a preference. Users will choose one product or another based on the visual appeal of the advertisements they have seen. Wine marketers must consider the importance of the advertisement elements and attract the consumer's attention. Optimizing the elements included in these messages can help capture consumers' attention and achieve a higher click-through rate on the ads. The main objective of this work is to analyse the awareness that different advertisements achieve. Specifically, we use a 2 x 2 x 2 experimental design where we manipulate the packaging format (single bottle vs. pack), labelling (bottle without label vs. labelled bottle) for wine ads (white and red). To analyse attention, we used an eye-tracking methodology. The main results suggest that attention is captured more quickly with an individual bottle without a label than with a particular bottle with a label in Google ads. However, ads showing packs of bottles with labels get more attention than ads using packs of bottles without labels.

Cancer is a chronic disease that causes the most deaths in the world, being a public health problem nowadays. Even though breast cancer affects the daily lives of patients, many women become resilient after the disease, decreasing the impact of the diagnosis. Based on a positive psychology approach, the concept of co-vitality arises understood as a set of socio-emotional competencies that enhance psychological adaptation. In this sense, emotional intelligence is one of the main protective factors associated with resilience. However, it is not always as beneficial as it seems, and can lead to collateral effects on psychological adjustment. Given this controversy, this study aims to find the specific processes through which the dimensions of Perceived Emotional Intelligence (PEI) (Emotional Attention, Emotional Clarity, and Mood Repair) can act as a risk or protective factor in the development of resilience. The total sample was 167 women (Age: M = 43.26; SD = 12.43), 46.7% were breast cancer survivors, and 53.3% were healthy controls. The selection of women with breast cancer carries out randomly, recruited through the Oncology Units. The sample completed measures of resilience and PEI, through Resilience Scale (Wagnild and Young, 1993) and TMMS-24 (Salovey et al., 1995). The results showed that breast cancer survivors showed higher age and greater levels of resilience and mood repair than healthy women. The mediation analysis revealed that breast cancer survival and PEI predicted 28% of the variance of resilience. The direct effects showed that emotional clarity and mood repair increased resilience levels. Although breast cancer did not predict resilience directly, it does through mood repair by an indirect process. Besides, the analysis showed that emotional attention played a role in vulnerability, decreasing mood repair, and resilience. These research support theories that point to a possible dark side of PEI, thus, a great level of emotional attention makes dark

El abuso sexual infantil sigue siendo uno de los problemas de salud pública que suscita gran interés en el ámbito científico. Los psicólogos que trabajan en la evaluación psicosocial deben conocer los factores de riesgo y protección que aumentan o compensan la probabilidad de ocurrencia, así como los indicadores físicos, psicológicos, conductuales, sexuales, emocionales y sociales que provocan. Asimismo, es importante que los profesionales cuenten con formación especializada y habilidades personales para establecer un buen clima con los menores. En la evaluación psicosocial del abuso sexual infantil se utilizan distintas técnicas y procedimientos de evaluación. Entre ellos, destaca la entrevista con el menor, a través de la cual se intenta obtener un relato que pueda ser analizado mediante protocolos y técnicas rigurosas para valorar la credibilidad del testimonio, como el Análisis del Contenido Basado en Criterios (CBCA). Se realizan también entrevistas a los cuidadores principales del menor, con el fin de obtener información que pueda reforzar y contrastar la aportada por el niño o niña. Por otro lado, y tratando de evitar que los menores tengan que pasar por procesos judiciales, cada vez se utilizan más las pruebas preconstituidas, consistentes en la declaración del menor ante un experto en un lugar adaptado para evitar el sufrimiento emocional., Child sexual abuse continues to be one of the public health problems with high scientific interest. Psychologists working in psychosocial assessment should be aware of the risk and protection factors that increase or compensate for the probability of occurrence, as well as the physical, psychological, behavioural, sexual, emotional and social indicators that they cause. Likewise, it is important that professionals have specialised training and personal skills to establish a healthy climate with children. Different techniques and assessment procedures are used in the psychosocial assessment of child sexual abuse. Among them, the interview with the child stands out, through which trying to get a narrative that can be analyzed through rigorous protocols and techniques to assess the credibility of the testimony, such as Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA). Interviews are also conducted with the child’s primary caregivers, in order to obtain information that can reinforce and contrast the contribution of the child. On the other hand, and trying to prevent children having to go through legal proceedings, more and more are used pre-constituted tests, consisting of the declaration of the child before an expert in a place adapted to avoid emotional suffering.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with nearly 1.7 million new cases diagnosed every year. This represents about 12% of all new cancer cases and 25% of all cancers in women (World Cancer Research Fund International, 2015). Also, it is estimated an increase of between 22.000-25.000 new cases per year. Even more, in spite of being considered a multi-causal disease, we must consider that between the 70% and the 80% breast cancer occurs in women without a likely risk factor.

Colección ReSed. Es un artículo de ReSed Nº 3, perteneciente al monográfico Crisis Social, Educación y Desarrollo Profesional. Coordinación del Monográfico: Dra. Montserrat Vargas Vergara Dirección de ReSed: Dra. A-Beatriz Pérez-González, Las redes sociales virtuales se han convertido en los últimos años en el fenómeno tecnológico-humano que ha marcado un antes y un después en la sociedad. Las relaciones comerciales y laborales, la transmisión de la información, la adquisición de conocimiento, pero también las interacciones grupales y personales han experimentado una regeneración que obliga a plantearse si los viejos paradigmas pueden seguir siendo útiles para comprender las reglas sociales. En el presente artículo expondremos el surgimiento de las redes sociales virtuales, cómo estas se diferencian de las redes tradicionales o clásicas y cuáles son los aspectos que en este nuevo modelo de interacción, permiten mejorar nuestras relaciones con los demás y nuestra propia satisfacción.

El cáncer es una enfermedad crónica que provoca un gran número de muertes al año (SEOM, 2014), afectando a quienes lo padecen en su esfera tanto física, como psicológica y social. Concretamente el cáncer de mama es el primer tipo de enfermedad neoplásica que se da en las mujeres en este país, presentando unas peculiaridades específicas que hacen que ejerza una influencia, tanto por el impacto de la enfermedad, por los efectos secundarios derivados de los tratamientos, como por la incertidumbre acerca del pronóstico, en los factores psicoemocionales y en el ajuste psicológico de estas mujeres (Mera & Ortiz 2012; Sánchez 2015). Es por ello que la presente investigación se centra, desde un enfoque biopsicosocial, en las mujeres que padecen dicha enfermedad. Para indagar sobre la presencia de estos factores y su relación con el ajuste psicológico formulandose los siguientes objetivos: Analizar si existen diferencias en los factores psicoemocionales y en el ajuste psicológico de un grupo de mujeres diagnosticadas de cáncer de mama y un grupo de mujeres no diagnosticadas de cáncer. Estudiar la posible capacidad explicativa y/o predictiva que tienen los factores psicoemocionales sobre los indicadores de ajuste psicológico, en las mujeres diagnosticadas de cáncer de mama. Explorar la posible capacidad explicativa y/o predictiva que tienen los factores psicoemocionales y de ajuste psicológico sobre la probabilidad de desarrollo de la enfermedad. Para la consecución de los mismos se han medido diferentes factores psicoemocionales, como son la inteligencia emocional percibida, la regulación emocional, la resiliencia, las estrategias de afrontamiento y el optimismo disposicional, así como aspectos del ajuste psicológico como son la autoestima, la ansiedad, la depresión, el bienestar psicológico y la satisfacción con la vida, en un grupo de 30 mujeres con cáncer de mama que se encuentran en proceso de tratamiento médico y en otro conformado por 30 mujeres que no han sido diagnos

Las redes sociales virtuales se han convertido en los últimos años en el fenómeno tecnológico-humano que ha marcado un antes y un después en la sociedad. Las relaciones comerciales y laborales, la transmisión de la información, la adquisición de conocimiento, pero también las interacciones grupales y personales han experimentado una regeneración que obliga a plantearse si los viejos paradigmas pueden seguir siendo útiles para comprender las reglas sociales. En el presente artículo expondremos el surgimiento de las redes sociales virtuales, cómo estas se diferencian de las redes tradicionales o clásicas y cuáles son los aspectos que en este nuevo modelo de interacción, permiten mejorar nuestras relaciones con los demás y nuestra propia satisfacción.

Este texto es Programa del Congreso "La Psicología Social Llevada a la Vida Cotidiana", celebrado en el marco de un proyecto de innovación docente financiado por la Unidad de Innovación Docente de la UCA. El congreso estaba dirigido, fundamentalmente, al alumnado que cursa, o ha cursado, alguna de las asignaturas del Área de Psicología Social. Se justifica la pertinencia de celebrar el mencionado congreso, se recoge la organización del mismo, y se muestra el contenido de la conferencia inaugural y un resumen de todas las aportaciones realizadas por el alumnado.