289 results on '"Zaror C"'
Search Results
2. Greenhouse Gases in the Production of Cement Using Marble Dust as Raw Material
- Author
-
Ruiz-Sánchez, A., Sánchez, M., Zaror, C. A., Vega, M. I., Muñoz, C. M., Llinares-Millán, Carmen, editor, Fernández-Plazaola, Igor, editor, Hidalgo-Delgado, Francisco, editor, Martínez-Valenzuela, María Montserrat, editor, Medina-Ramón, Francisco Javier, editor, Oliver-Faubel, Inmaculada, editor, Rodríguez-Abad, Isabel, editor, Salandin, Andrea, editor, Sánchez-Grandia, Rafael, editor, and Tort-Ausina, Isabel, editor
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Cultural Competence in the nursing, dentistry, and medicine professional curricula: a qualitative review.
- Author
-
Klenner, M, Mariño, R, Pineda, P, Espinoza, G, Zaror, C, Klenner, M, Mariño, R, Pineda, P, Espinoza, G, and Zaror, C
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cultural competence development in the formative process of healthcare professionals is crucial for the provision of culturally appropriate health care. This educational issue is highly relevant in the growing multicultural composition of southern Chile. The objective of this study was to examine how the healthcare professions curricula at the Universidad de La Frontera, in La Araucanía Region, prepares future professionals to respond to patients' cultural needs. METHOD: A sequential transformative mixed methods design composed of two phases was carried out. Phase 1 reviewed all printed material and documentation to explore content that developed cross-cultural skills and competencies in the curricula. In Phase 2 semi-structured interviews were conducted with academics with responsibilities for the development of the curriculum in each career, to detect how academics envisage the incorporation of cultural competence in the curricula. RESULTS: Regarding curricular contents, findings indicated that the healthcare professions curricula at The Universidad de La Frontera have similar approaches to the inclusion of CCT in subjects' syllabuses, with inclusion of the different CCT, particularly in the Dental and Medical curricula. However, this coverage showed significant variations in the undergraduate healthcare curricula. The analysis revealed that themes around the Ethics and human values for professional practice; the Psychosocial and cultural determinants of health; the Relationship health-family-community, and to a lesser extent, the Clinician-patient relationship were well covered in the courses. On the other hand, Inequalities in health was the theme with the least contact time in all three courses. Academics called for a better organisation of the inclusion of CCT in the curricula. They also highlighted the challenges of maintaining the dominant paradigm underlying healthcare models, practices, and orientations within the academic staff and health disc
- Published
- 2022
4. Impact of early childhood caries on oral health-related quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
Zaror, C, Matamala-Santander, A, Ferrer, M, Rivera-Mendoza, F, Espinoza-Espinoza, G, and Martinez-Zapata, MJ
- Subjects
quality of life ,dental caries ,preschoolers ,OHRQoL - Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review in order to assess the impact of early childhood caries (ECC) and its severity on Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Materials and Methods An electronic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, SciELO and Lilacs databases. The study eligibility criteria were primary studies published in English, Spanish or Portuguese that assessed OHRQoL in preschool children with dental caries using validated instruments. Two researchers independently performed the selection process and data extraction. The Effective Public Health Practice Project's Quality Assessment Tool was used for the quality assessment. Random effects models were used to estimate the pooled effect for continuous and categorical data. Results Of 2,037 identified articles, thirty-five studies (37 articles) met the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality was judged mainly as moderate. Children with ECC were more likely to report any impact on OHRQoL than children without caries (OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.51-2.62; 6 studies). Severe ECC (dmft > 5) presented a higher effect (OR: 5.00; 95% CI: 3.70-6.74; 8 studies). Sensitivity analysis including only population studies showed uncertain results on the impact of ECC on OHRQoL (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 0.99-2.82; I-2 = 95%). The symptom and psychological domains were the most affected (SMD: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.38-0.81 and SMD: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.37-0.85 respectively). Conclusions ECC has a negative impact on the OHRQoL of both preschoolers and their families. However, its impact on OHRQoL is diluted when it is evaluated at population level.
- Published
- 2022
5. Questions and health outcomes prioritization for the development of a COVID-19 dental clinical practice guideline: A case study
- Author
-
Zaror, C, Deana, NF, Espinoza-Espinoza, G, Aravena-Rivas, Y, Munoz-Millan, P, Pineda, P, Burdiles, P, Nahuelhual, P, Canelo-Aybar, C, and Alonso-Coello, P
- Subjects
practice guideline ,evidence-based practice ,COVID-19 ,healthcare outcomes - Abstract
Rationale, Aims and Objectives In the context of a pandemic, the rapid development of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is critical. The guideline development process includes prioritization of the guideline topic, questions and health outcomes. This case study describes the application of a new methodology to prioritize questions and rate the importance of health outcomes for a COVID-19 dental guideline. Methods Panel members rated the topic and the questions' overall importance, using a 9-point scale (1 = least important; 9 = most important). In addition, they rated six criteria if multiple questions received the same overall importance rating: common in practice, uncertainty in practice, variation in practice, new evidence available, cost consequences, not previously addressed. Panellists also rated the importance of each outcome, defined with health outcome descriptors, using a 9-point scale and the utility of health outcomes on a visual analogue scale. The correlation between each criterion and overall question importance was tested by Spearman correlation coefficient. Results Of seven topics, four were rated as high priority and three were rated as important, but not of high priority. Thirty-six percent of the questions (18/50) were rated as high priority to address in the guideline and 64% (32/50) were rated as an important question but not of high priority. Of the 11 outcomes, 72.7% were rated as critical for decision making. The mean utility rating was 0.57 (SD 0.32), with a minimum mean rating of 0.16 and a maximum of 0.76 (SD 0.23). Conclusion This case study demonstrated that this approach provides a rigorous and transparent methodology to conduct the prioritizations of guideline topics, questions and health outcomes.
- Published
- 2022
6. Process control
- Author
-
Pyle, D. L., Zaror, C. A., Fryer, P. J., editor, Pyle, D. L., editor, and Rielly, C. D., editor
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Process design: an exercise and simulation examples
- Author
-
Zaror, C. A., Pyle, D. L., Fryer, P. J., editor, Pyle, D. L., editor, and Rielly, C. D., editor
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Assessment of Mesial Root Morphology and Frequency of MB2 Canals in Maxillary Molars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography/Determinacion de la Morfologia de la Raiz Mesial y la Frecuencia del Canal MB2 en Molares Maxilares usando Tomografia Computadorizada de Haz Conico
- Author
-
Abarca, J., Gomez, B., Zaror, C., Monardes, H., Bustos, L., and Cantin, M.
- Published
- 2015
9. Effect of pH on Polygalacturonase Adsorption in CM-Sephadex Gels
- Author
-
Harsa, S., Pyle, D. L., Zaror, C. A., and Pyle, D. L., editor
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Root Anatomy and Canal Configuration of Maxillary Premolars: A Cone-beam Computed Tomography Study
- Author
-
Monardes,H, Herrera,K, Vargas,J, Steinfort,K, Zaror,C, and Abarca,J
- Subjects
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ,Maxillary Premolar ,Root Canal Configuration ,Radicular Anatomy ,Ahmed Classification - Abstract
SUMMARY: The aim of the study was to determine the number and anatomical configuration of roots and root canals of maxillary first and second premolars using cone-beam computed tomography scans. n273 CBCT scans were evaluated, obtaining a sample of 592 maxillary premolars. Root number and root canal anatomy were categorized using Ahmed´s classification. Data was analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-squared test. Two roots were present on 157 first premolars, one root in 132 premolars and three roots in 17. Second premolars presented one root in 266 samples and two roots in 20; no second premolars presented three roots. Eight different configurations were found; the most frequent was 2MP B1 P1 in first premolars (51,3 %) and 1MP1 (63.6 %) in second premolars. The most frequent morphology found in maxillary premolars in Chilean population was two and three roots. The analysis of internal anatomy using CBCT revealed a highly variable distribution of root canals, generally of low to medium complexity, similar to what is found in other ethnic groups.
- Published
- 2021
11. Recommendations for Safe Dental Care: A Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines in the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Author
-
Deana, NF, Seiffert, A, Aravena-Rivas, Y, Alonso-Coello, P, Munoz-Millan, P, Espinoza-Espinoza, G, Pineda, P, and Zaror, C
- Subjects
dentistry ,COVID-19 ,dental profession ,treatment decision-making ,infection control ,clinical practice guideline - Abstract
In the context of a pandemic, the rapid development of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is critical to guide dental staff towards the safe provision of dental care; detailed knowledge of the recommendations will help to achieve the intended results. We carried out a systematic review of the recommendations in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on the provision of dental care issued during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic database search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Epistemonikos, and Trip databases to identify documents with recommendations intended to minimize the risk of COVID-19 transmission during dental care. The selection process and data extraction were carried out by two researchers independently. The majority of CPGs recommended the use of rubber dam, high-volume evacuator, mouthwash prior to dental care, four-handed work, and mechanical barriers. The use of aerosol-generating equipment should be avoided whenever possible. In aerosol-generating procedures, the use of a N95 respirator (or similar) is recommended, in addition to a face protector, an impermeable disposable apron/gown, a cap, and gloves. The CPGs developed during the first year of the pandemic offer recommendations which guide dental staff in providing safe dental care, minimizing exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and reducing the risk of COVID-19 infection in the clinical environment. Such recommendations must, however, be updated as new evidence arises.
- Published
- 2021
12. Arsenic Mobilization by Epilithic Bacterial Communities Associated with Volcanic Rocks from Camarones River, Atacama Desert, Northern Chile
- Author
-
Campos, V. L., León, C., Mondaca, M. A., Yañez, J., and Zaror, C.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Arsenic Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Arsenic Contaminated River in the Atacama Desert (Chile)
- Author
-
Escalante, G., Campos, V. L., Valenzuela, C., Yañez, J., Zaror, C., and Mondaca, M. A.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Isolation of Arsenite-Oxidizing Bacteria from Arsenic-Enriched Sediments from Camarones River, Northern Chile
- Author
-
Valenzuela, C., Campos, V. L., Yañez, J., Zaror, C. A., and Mondaca, M. A.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Cost-effectiveness of adding fluoride varnish to a preventive protocol for early childhood caries in rural children with no access to fluoridated drinking water
- Author
-
Zaror, C, Munoz-Millan, P, Espinoza-Espinoza, G, Vergara-Gonzalez, C, and Martinez-Zapata, MJ
- Subjects
stomatognathic diseases ,Prevention ,Cost-effectiveness ,Early childhood caries ,Fluoride varnish ,health care economics and organizations - Abstract
Objectives: Evidence of the cost-effectiveness of fluoride varnish in the prevention of caries is not yet fully conclusive. The aim of this study was to assess the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the community-wide application of fluoride varnish in the prevention of early childhood caries (ECC) in non-fluoridated areas. Materials and methods: A cost-effectiveness analysis was carried out based on a clinical decision tree from the payer's perspective. The effectiveness and cost of the varnish were determined from a two-year follow-up triple-blind randomized control trial in 275 two- to three-year-old children. Costs and benefits were discounted at 3% per year. Only direct costs were evaluated, expressed in Chilean pesos (CLP) valued in July, 2019 (exchange rate USD = CLP686.06). A univariate deterministic sensitivity analysis was carried out. Results: Incidence of ECC was 45 % for the varnish group and 55.6 % for the placebo group with a two-year follow-up. The weighted cost to intervene and treat the consequences of ECC was CLP 67,757 (USD98.76) for the fluoride varnish and CLP 67,739 (USD98.74) for the control group. The ICER was CLP 173 (USD0.25) for each extra healthy child in favor of fluoride varnish. The sensitivity analysis showed that the increase in caries was the variable which most influenced the ICER. Conclusions: The protocol that included fluoride varnish is more effective and less costly in the prevention of ECC in non-fluoridated areas, compared with a placebo. Clinical significance: Findings support the application of fluoride varnish as a cost-effective community strategy to prevent ECC in non-fluoridated areas.
- Published
- 2020
16. Adaptation and validation of the PEDSQL (TM) oral health scale for toddlers in Chilean population
- Author
-
Atala-Acevedo, C, Zaror, C, Espinoza, G, Munoz-Millan, P, Munoz, S, Martinez-Zapata, MJ, and Ferrer, M
- Subjects
Quality of life ,Oral health ,Psychometrics ,Child ,humanities ,preschool - Abstract
Background The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (TM) (PedsQL (TM)) Oral Health Scale was developed to measure oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the parent-reported version for toddlers of PedsQL (TM) Oral Health Scale into Spanish and to assess the acceptability, reliability and validity of this version in Chilean preschool population. Methods The PedsQL (TM) Oral Health Scale for toddlers was cross-culturally adapted for the Spanish language using the recommended standards. To assess metric properties, a cross-sectional study was carried out with 301 children aged 2 to 5 years in Carahue, Chile. Chilean versions of the PedsQL (TM) Oral Health Scale, PedsQL (TM) 4.0 Generic Core Scales, and Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) were completed by the children's parents. Dental caries, malocclusion and dental trauma were examined by trained dentists. The PedsQL (TM) Oral Health Scale was administrated a second time 14-21 days after. The reliability of the scale was verified by analysis of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and reproducibility (Intraclass correlation coefficient - ICC). The validity of the construct was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and known groups method. The convergent validity was assessed by calculating the Spearman's correlation with the ECOHIS questionnaire. Results The PedsQL (TM) Oral Health Scale demonstrated good reliability, with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.79 and ICC of 0.85. A moderate-to-strong correlation was found between the PedsQL (TM) Oral Health Scale and the ECOHIS questionnaire (- 0.64); the PedsQL (TM) Oral Health Scale score was lower in children with poor than those with excellent/very good oral health (median 100 vs 85, p < 0.001); it also was lower in children with caries than in those caries-free (median 100 vs 90, p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were found among groups according to malocclusion and traumatic dental injuries. Conclusions The PedsQL (TM) Oral Health Scale for toddlers in Spanish showed to be equivalent to the original version, and its psychometric properties were satisfactory for application in a Chilean pre-school population.
- Published
- 2020
17. Monitoring Phenolic Compounds During Biological Treatment of Kraft Pulp Mill Effluent Using Bacterial Biosensors
- Author
-
Campos, V. L., Veas, J., Zaror, C. A., and Mondaca, M. A.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Quality appraisal of economic evaluations done on oral health preventive programs-A systematic review
- Author
-
Marino, R, Ravisankar, G, Zaror, C, Marino, R, Ravisankar, G, and Zaror, C
- Abstract
OBJECTIVES: If economic evaluations are to be used by decision makers, such evidence has to be robust so that the relevant policy maker use them. This study was undertaken with the purpose of identifying economic evaluations done on oral health preventive programs and to assess the standard of economic evidence in this field. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted using four major electronic databases in order to search for economic evaluations done on oral health preventive programs. This included economic evaluations that were published between January 1975 and May 2018 on preventive interventions for periodontal disease, oral cancer screening, and other common oral health conditions. To avoid duplications with previous studies, for dental caries interventions, this review included studies from April 2012 and May 2018. "Guidance to undertaking reviews in health care," developed by York University, was used to assess the quality of reporting in the evaluations, using which strengths and shortcomings were identified. RESULTS: A total of 2026 records were initially found. After title and abstract screening, and elimination by full text review, 33 relevant economic evaluations were identified. Majority of the economic evaluations included were conducted on dental caries prevention; a few were done on oral cancer screening, periodontal disease, and general preventive dentistry (health promotion, oral hygiene etc.). CONCLUSIONS: In comparison to the findings observed in previous reviews, there has been improvements in the quality of reporting in economic evaluations. Several areas still in need for improve were identified (e.g., productivity costs, currency and prices, and generalizability issues).
- Published
- 2020
19. Economic evaluations in water-fluoridation: a scoping review
- Author
-
Marino, R, Zaror, C, Marino, R, and Zaror, C
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Community water fluoridation (CWF) is considered one of the 10 greatest public health achievements of the twentieth century and has been a cornerstone strategies for the prevention and control of dental caries in many countries. However, for decision-makers the effectiveness and safety of any given intervention is not always sufficient to decide on the best option. Economic evaluations (EE) provide key information that managers weigh, alongside other evidence. This study reviews the relevant literature on EE in CWF. METHODS: A systematic database search up to August 2019 was carried out using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Paediatric Economic Database Evaluation and National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database. The review included full economic evaluations on CWF programs, written in English, Spanish or Portuguese. The selection process and data extraction were carried out by two researchers independently. A qualitative synthesis of the results was performed. RESULTS: Of 498 identified articles, 24 studies met the inclusion criteria; 11 corresponded to cost-benefit analysis; nine were cost-effectiveness analyses; and four cost-utility studies. Two cost-utility studies used Disability-Adjusted Life Years,, one used Quality-Adjusted Tooth Years, and another Quality-Adjusted Life Years. EEs were conducted in eight countries. All studies concluded that water fluoridation was a cost-effective strategy when it was compared with non-fluoridated communities, independently of the perspective, time horizon or discount rate applied. Four studies adopted a lifetime time horizon. The outcome measures included caries averted (n = 14) and savings cost of dental treatment (n = 4). Most of the studies reported a caries reduction effects between 25 and 40%. CONCLUSION: Findings indicated that CWF represents an appropriate use of communities' resources, using a range of economic evaluation methods and in different locations. These findings provide evide
- Published
- 2020
20. Chromate Reduction by Serratia marcescens Isolated From Tannery Effluent
- Author
-
Campos, V. L., Moraga, R., Yánez, J., Zaror, C. A., and Mondaca, M. A.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Detection of Chlorinated Phenols in Kraft Pulp Bleaching Effluents Using DmpR Mutant Strains
- Author
-
Campos, V. L., Zaror, C. A., and Mondaca, M. A.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Degradation and inactivation of tetracycline by TiO 2 photocatalysis
- Author
-
Reyes, C., Fernández, J., Freer, J., Mondaca, M.A., Zaror, C., Malato, S., and Mansilla, H.D.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Effect of Simultaneous Ozone and Activated Carbon Treatment on 1,2-Dihydroxybenzene Genotoxic Effects
- Author
-
Mondaca, M. A., Carrasco, V., and Zaror, C. A.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Root morphology of mandibular molars: a cone-beam computed tomography study
- Author
-
Abarca, J., primary, Duran, M., additional, Parra, D., additional, Steinfort, K., additional, Zaror, C., additional, and Monardes, H., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Assessing oral health-related quality of life in children and adolescents: a systematic review and standardized comparison of available instruments
- Author
-
Zaror, C, Pardo, Y, Espinoza-Espinoza, G, Pont, A, Munoz-Millan, P, Martinez-Zapata, MJ, Vilagut, G, Forero, CG, Garin, O, Alonso, J, and Ferrer, M
- Subjects
Quality of life ,Questionnaires ,Outcome assessment ,Oral health ,Psychometrics ,Child - Abstract
ObjectivesTo obtain a systematic and standardized evaluation of the current evidence on development process, metric properties, and administration issues of oral health-related quality of life instruments available for children and adolescents.Materials and methodsA systematic search until October 2016 was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, SciELO, and Cochrane databases. Articles with information regarding the development process, metric properties, and administration issues of pediatric instruments measuring oral health-related quality of life were eligible for inclusion. Two researchers independently evaluated each instrument applying the Evaluating Measures of Patient-Reported Outcomes (EMPRO) tool. An overall and seven attribute-specific EMPRO scores were calculated (range 0-100, worst to best): measurement model, reliability, validity, responsiveness, interpretability, burden, and alternative forms.ResultsWe identified 18 instruments evaluated in 132 articles. From five instruments designed for preschoolers, the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) obtained the highest overall EMPRO score (82.2). Of nine identified for schoolchildren and adolescents, the best rated instrument was the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 (82.1). Among the four instruments developed for any age, the Family Impact Scale (FIS) obtained the highest scores (80.3).ConclusionThe evidence supports the use of the ECOHIS for preschoolers, while the age is a key factor when choosing among the four recommended instruments for schoolchildren and adolescents. Instruments for specific conditions, symptoms, or treatments need further research on metric properties.Clinical relevanceOur results facilitate decision-making on the correct oral health-related quality of life instrument selection for any certain study purpose and population during the childhood and adolescence life cycle.
- Published
- 2019
26. Impact of uncomplicated traumatic dental injuries on the quality of life of children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
Lopez, D, Waidyatillake, N, Zaror, C, Marino, R, Lopez, D, Waidyatillake, N, Zaror, C, and Marino, R
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are highly prevalent during childhood and adolescence and have a significant effect on their oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). Uncomplicated TDIs, dental trauma involving enamel, enamel and dentin and tooth discolorations, account for approximately two-thirds of all diagnosed TDIs in children and adolescents. Hence, it may be important to understand the impact of uncomplicated TDIs on OHRQoL, by synthesizing the available literature. METHODS: Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases were systematically searched from January 1966 to April 2018. Studies that evaluated the effect of TDIs on the OHRQoL of children and adolescents using validated methods were selected for analysis. A narrative synthesis and a meta-analysis were performed. The studies were pooled according to age groups and OHRQoL questionnaire used. A random-effect model was applied to calculate the pooled odds ratios (OR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: There were 712 identified studies. Of these, 26 articles were selected for the review and included in the narrative synthesis, 20 of these articles concluded that uncomplicated TDIs were not associated with a negative impact in OHRQoL. Seventeen were included in the meta-analysis. The estimates were pooled by age groups: children (OR: 1.01; 95%CI; 0.85-1.19; I2 = 51.9%) and adolescents (OR: 1.07; 95%CI; 0.91, 1.26; I2 = 50.2%).When pooling all estimates the OR was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.85-1.10; I2 = 61.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Uncomplicated TDIs do not have a negative impact on the OHRQoL of children and adolescents. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the results of this review. The majority of the studies included were of cross-sectional design, which may have limited the ability to reach conclusions on the nature of this association. The PROSPERO systematic review registry is CRD42018110471.
- Published
- 2019
27. The cost-utility of school-based first permanent molar sealants programs: a Markov model
- Author
-
Espinoza-Espinoza, G, Corsini, G, Rojas, R, Marino, R, Zaror, C, Espinoza-Espinoza, G, Corsini, G, Rojas, R, Marino, R, and Zaror, C
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Evidence of the cost-effectiveness of school-based first permanent molar sealants programs is not yet fully conclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of school-based prevention programs for the application of sealants in molars of schoolchildren compared with non-intervention. METHODS: A cost-utility analysis based on a Markov model was carried out using probability distribution. The utility was measured in quality-adjusted tooth years (QATY). The assessment was carried out from the public payer's perspective with a six-year time horizon. Costs and benefits were discounted at 3% per year. Only direct costs were evaluated, expressed in Chilean pesos (CLP) at 7th May at 2019 values (exchange rate USD = CLP 681.09). Univariate deterministic sensitivity analysis and probabilistic analysis were carried out. RESULTS: After a six-year follow up, the cost of sealing all first permanent molars was found to be higher than non-intervention, with a mean cost difference of USD 1.28 (CLP 875) per molar treated. The "seal all" strategy was more effective than non-intervention, generating 0.2 quality-adjusted tooth years more than non-intervention. The ICUR of the "seal all" strategy compared to non-intervention was USD 6.48 (CLP 4,412) per quality-adjusted tooth years. The sensitivity analysis showed that the increase in caries was the variable which most influenced the ICUR. CONCLUSIONS: A school-based sealant program is a cost-effective measure in populations with a high prevalence of caries.
- Published
- 2019
28. Process design: an exercise and simulation examples
- Author
-
Zaror, C. A., primary and Pyle, D. L., additional
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Process control
- Author
-
Pyle, D. L., primary and Zaror, C. A., additional
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Impact of traumatic dental injuries on quality of life in preschoolers and schoolchildren: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
Zaror, C, Martinez-Zapata, MJ, Abarca, J, Diaz, J, Pardo, Y, Pont, A, and Ferrer, M
- Subjects
child ,quality of life ,adolescent ,tooth injury ,preschool - Abstract
Objectives: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in childhood and adolescence are a potential public health problem given their prevalence and consequences. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of TDIs on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschoolers and schoolchildren, by synthesizing the available evidence. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, ScieLo and Lilacs databases since January 1966 until March 2016. The included studies compared OHRQoL between groups with and without TDIs, using validated instruments. The selection process and data extraction were carried out by two researchers independently. A third reviewer resolved discrepancies. Methodological quality was assessed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project's Quality Assessment Tool. Meta-analyses were performed using random effect models, separately for preschoolers and schoolchildren. Results: Of 213 identified articles, 26 studies (involving a total of 4582 patients and 13 601 controls between the ages of 1 and 15 years) met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies had been published in the last 5 years, and their methodological quality was judged to be moderate. The TDIs group had a significantly higher chance of reporting any impact on OHRQoL than controls for both preschoolers (OR = 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28-1.63; I-2 = 0%) and schoolchildren (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.04-1.66; I-2 = 70%). In preschoolers, the OR for OHRQoL impact for complicated vs uncomplicated TDIs was 1.53 (95% CI: 1.04-2.26; I-2 = 0%). The social domain was the most affected one in schoolchildren (standard mean difference = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.55; I-2 = 68%). Conclusion: Traumatic dental injuries have a negative impact on OHRQoL of both preschoolers and schoolchildren. Outcome standardization to measure OHRQoL impact, such as mean score differences and cut-off points, is needed. Prospective cohort studies are recommended to confirm these findings and to understand how TDIs' impact changes with time.
- Published
- 2018
31. Comparative assessment of sustainable development in South American countries on the basis of the Sustainable Society Index
- Author
-
Gonzalez-Cabezas, D., primary, Zaror, C., additional, and Herrera, M. Á., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Isolation, characterization and expression of a plasmid encoding chromate resistance in Pseudomonas putida KT2441
- Author
-
Mondaca, M. A., González, C. L., and Zaror, C. A.
- Published
- 1998
33. The effect of solar energy on the environmental profile of electricity generation in Chile: a midterm scenario
- Author
-
Vega, M. I., Zaror, C. A., Vega, M. I., and Zaror, C. A.
- Abstract
The Atacama Desert in Northern Chile features the highest solar radiation on continental soil worldwide, ranging within 2,500–3,400 kWh/m2/year, with UV-B radiation levels 65% above average European. This desert covers an extension over 105,000 km2 receiving more than 4,000 hours of sunshine yearly, and hosts large reserves of copper, lithium, molybdenum and other metallic and non-metallic minerals. Thus, the Chilean mining industry accounts for more than 30% of the total electricity consumption in the country. During the last 3 years major investments on solar photovoltaic (PV) plants have taken place at the Atacama Desert, driven by the drastic drop in the cost of PV technology, and incentives provided by the new Energy 2050 Roadmap set by the Chilean government, with view to fostering the introduction of renewable energy sources in the electricity market. The Chilean electricity system is composed of two connected grids, namely the Greater Northern Network (SING) and the Central Network (SIC), with a total installed capacity of nearly 21 GW. The SING network is mostly composed of thermoelectric power plants, whereas the SIC network features a significant share of hydroelectric plants, leading to different carbon footprint, namely 0.9 and 0.3 ton CO2eq/MWh, at SING and SIC, respectively. At the end of 2017, those grids were connected to meet the current 80 TWh/year national demand. Massive introduction of PV electricity generation plants at the Atacama Desert is foreseen in the near future, to reach a projected share around 25% by 2050. Within this framework, this paper presents novel results on the effect of solar energy on the environmental profile of electricity in Chile in a midterm scenario, using a life cycle assessment approach, under conditions of drastic reductions in water availability due to climate change. Results show that PV systems make a significant contribution to environmental impacts associated to electricity generation in the national mix by 20
- Published
- 2018
34. Atraumatic restorative treatment versus conventional restorative treatment for managing dental caries
- Author
-
Dorri, M, Martinez-Zapata, MJ, Walsh, T, Marinho, VCC, Sheiham, A, and Zaror, C
- Abstract
Background Dental caries is a sugar-dependent disease that damages tooth structure and, due to loss of mineral components, may eventually lead to cavitation. Dental caries is the most prevalent disease worldwide and is considered the most important burden of oral health. Conventional treatment methods (drill and fill) involve the use of rotary burs under local anaesthesia. The need for an electricity supply, expensive handpieces and highly trained dental health personnel may limit access to dental treatment, especially in underdeveloped regions. To overcome the limitations of conventional restorative treatment, the Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) was developed, mainly for treating caries in children living in under-served areas of the world where resources and facilities such as electricity and trained manpower are limited. ART is a minimally invasive approach which involves removal of decayed tissue using hand instruments alone, usually without use of anaesthesia and electrically driven equipment, and restoration of the dental cavity with an adhesive material (glass ionomer cement (GIC), composite resins, resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RM-GICs) and compomers). Objectives To assess the effects of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) compared with conventional treatment for managing dental caries lesions in the primary and permanent teeth of children and adults. Search methods Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the following databases: Cochrane OralHealth's Trials Register (to 22 February 2017), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (the Cochrane Library, 2017, Issue 1), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 22 February 2017), Embase Ovid (1980 to 22 February 2017), LILACS BIREME Virtual Health Library (Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information database; 1982 to 22 February 2017) and BBO BIREME Virtual Health Library (Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia; 1986 to 22 February 2017). The US National Institutes of Health Trials Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for ongoing trials. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. Selection criteria We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with at least six months' follow-up that compared the effects of ART with a conventional restorative approach using the same or different restorative dental materials to treat caries lesions. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently screened search results, extracted data from included studies and assessed the risk of bias in those studies. We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane to evaluate risk of bias and synthesise data. Where pooling was appropriate we conducted meta-analyses using the random-effects model. We assessed the quality of the evidence using GRADE criteria. Main results We included a total of 15 eligible studies randomising 3760 participants in this review. The age of participants across the studies ranged from 3 to 101 years, with a mean of 25.42 years. 48% of participants were male. All included studies were published between 2002 and 2016. Two of the 15 studies declared that the financial support was from companies that manufacture restorative material. Five studies were individually randomised parallel-group studies; six were cluster-randomised parallel-group studies; and four were randomised studies that used a split-mouth design. Eleven studies evaluated the effects of ART on primary teeth only, and four on permanent teeth. The follow-up period of the included studies ranged from 6 months to 36 months. We judged all studies to be at high risk of bias. For the main comparison of ART compared to conventional treatment using the same material: all but two studies used high-viscosity glass ionomer (H-GIC) as the restorative material; one study used a composite material; and one study used resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RM-GIC)). Compared to conventional treatment using H-GIC, ART may increase the risk of restoration failure in the primary dentition, over a follow-up period from 12 to 24 months (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.27, five studies; 643 participants analysed; low-quality evidence). Our confidence in this effect estimate is limited due to serious concerns over risk of performance and attrition bias. For this comparison, ART may reduce pain during procedure compared with conventional treatment (MD -0.65, 95% CI -1.38 to 0.07; 40 participants analysed; low-quality evidence) Comparisons of ART to conventional treatment using composite or RM-GIC were downgraded to very low quality due to indirectness, imprecision and high risk of performance and attrition bias. Given the very low quality of the evidence from single studies, we are uncertain about the restoration failure of ART compared with conventional treatment using composite over a 24-month follow-up period (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.54 to 2.29; one study; 57 participants) and ART using RM-GIC in the permanent teeth of older adults with root caries lesions over a six-month follow-up period (OR 2.71, 95% CI 0.94 to 7.81; one study; 64 participants). No studies reported on adverse events or costs. Authors' conclusions Low-quality evidence suggests that ART using H-GIC may have a higher risk of restoration failure than conventional treatment for caries lesions in primary teeth. The effects of ART using composite and RM-GIC are uncertain due to the very low quality of the evidence and we cannot rely on the findings. Most studies evaluated the effects of ART on the primary dentition. Well-designed RCTs are required that report on restoration failure at clinically meaningful time points, as well as participant-reported outcomes such as pain and discomfort. Due to the potential confounding effects from the use of different dental materials, a robust body of evidence on t
- Published
- 2017
35. Success Rate of Autotransplantation of Teeth With an Open Apex: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Author
-
Atala-Acevedo, C, Abarca, J, Martinez-Zapata, MJ, Diaz, J, Olate, S, and Zaror, C
- Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the present study was to determine the success rate of autotransplanted permanent teeth with an open apex and to identify the most influential prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: A systematic search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and SciELO databases was conducted for January 1990 to August 2015. The study eligibility criteria were primary studies that had evaluated patients with autotransplantation with an open apex, with or without preparation of the socket, and a minimum of 12 months of follow-up. The principal outcome was the success rate of autotransplanted teeth with an open apex. Two of us independently performed the selection process and data extraction. The Effective Public Health Practice Project's Quality Assessment Tool was used for the quality assessment of the studies. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated, with the 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: A total of 21 studies were included in the present analysis. Of the 21 studies, 10 were retrospective and 11 were prospective. All the studies were of weak methodologic quality. The overall success rate was 89.68%, the survival rate was 98.21%, and the mean follow-up period was 6 years, 3 months (standard deviation 5.81 years). Among the prognostic factors analyzed, the premolars had a lower failure risk than did the molars (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.84). The stage of development of the root and the autotransplantation receptor site showed no statistically significant differences. Conclusions: The overall success rate and survival were high, despite the methodologic limitations of the included studies. Further study is needed of the prognostic factors that influence the success of autotransplantation with an open apex. (C) 2016 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
- Published
- 2017
36. Evaluation of substantivity of hypochlorous acid as an antiplaque agent: A randomized controlled trial
- Author
-
Lafaurie, GI, primary, Zaror, C, additional, Díaz-Báez, D, additional, Castillo, DM, additional, De Ávila, J, additional, Trujillo, TG, additional, and Calderón-Mendoza, J, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Modelling and Control of Polygalacturonase Production from K. Marxianus
- Author
-
Perez, J. R., Pyle, D. L., Rockey, J. S., Zaror, C. A., Fish, N. M., editor, Fox, R. I., editor, and Thornhill, N. F., editor
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Autologous platelet-rich plasma for treating chronic wounds
- Author
-
Martinez-Zapata, MJ, Marti-Carvajal, AJ, Sola, I, Exposito, JA, Bolibar, I, Rodriguez, L, Garcia, J, and Zaror, C
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Wound Healing ,Diabetic Foot [therapy] ,Varicose Ulcer [therapy] ,Platelet-Rich Plasma ,Chronic Disease ,Humans ,Female ,Platelet Transfusion [methods] ,Blood Transfusion, Autologous [methods] ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - Abstract
Background Autologous platelet/rich plasma (PRP) is a treatment that contains fibrin and high concentrations of growth factors with the potential to improve the healing of chronic wounds. This is the first update of a review first published in 2012. Objectives To determine whether autologous PRP promotes the healing of chronic wounds. Search methods In June 2015, for this first update, we searched the CochraneWounds Specialised Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library): OvidMEDLINE; OvidMEDLINE (In-Process & OtherNon-Indexed Citations); Ovid EMBASE; and EBSCO CINAHL. We also searched for ongoing and unpublished clinical trials in the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (searched January 2015). We did not impose any restrictions with respect to language, date of publication, or study setting. Selection criteria We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared autologous PRP with placebo or alternative treatments for any type of chronic wound in adults. We did not apply any date or language restrictions. Data collection and analysis We used standard Cochrane methodology, including two reviewers independently selecting studies for inclusion, extracting data, and assessing risk of bias. Main results The search identified one new RCT, making a total of 10 included RCTs (442 participants, 42% women). The median number of participants per RCT was 29 (range 10 to 117). Four RCTs recruited people with a range of chronic wounds; three RCTs recruited people with venous leg ulcers, and three RCTs considered foot ulcers in people with diabetes. The median length of treatment was 12 weeks (range 8 to 40 weeks). It is unclear whether autologous PRP improves the healing of chronic wounds generally compared with standard treatment (with or without placebo) (risk ratio (RR) 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95 to 1.50; I-2 = 27%, low quality evidence, 8 RCTs, 391 participants). Autologous PRP may increase the healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes compared with standard care (with or without placebo) (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.49; I-2 = 0%, low quality evidence, 2 RCTs, 189 participants). It is unclear if autologous PRP affects the healing of venous leg ulcers (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.27; I2 = 0%). It is unclear if there is a difference in the risk of adverse events in people treated with PRP or standard care (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.29 to 3.88; I-2 = 0%, low quality evidence from 3 trials, 102 participants). Authors' conclusions PRP may improve the healing of foot ulcers associated with diabetes, but this conclusion is based on low quality evidence from two small RCTs. It is unclear whether PRP influences the healing of other chronic wounds. The overall quality of evidence of autologous PRP for treating chronic wounds is low. There are very few RCTs evaluating PRP, they are underpowered to detect treatment effects, if they exist, and are generally at high or unclear risk of bias. Well designed and adequately powered clinical trials are needed.
- Published
- 2016
39. Assessment of Mesial Root Morphology and Frequency of MB2 Canals in Maxillary Molars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
- Author
-
Abarca,J, Gómez,B, Zaror,C, Monardes,H, Bustos,L, and Cantin,M
- Subjects
Secondary mesiobuccal canal ,MB2 ,Maxillary molars ,CBCT ,Root canal system - Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the morphology of the mesial root canal system of maxillary molars and the frequency of MB2 canals using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 1374 teeth, first maxillary (1MS, n= 802) and second maxillary molars (2SM, n= 572) of 508 Chilean patients between 8 to 77 years were evaluated through CBCT. The mesiobuccal root was evaluated in all three thirds. Root canal morphology was classified according to Vertucci's method. Data were analyzed by Pearson's Chi-square and Cuzick trend tests. MB2 canal frequency in 1MS was 73.44% and in 2MS 42.48%. The most frequent morphology in 1MS and 2MS were Vertucci type II and I, respectively. No statistically significant association was found between frequencies and side or according to gender (P>0.05). A positive association was found as the age increased in both 1MS and 2MS (P
- Published
- 2015
40. Assessment of Mesial Root Morphology and Frequency of MB2 Canals in Maxillary Molars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
- Author
-
Abarca, J, Gómez, B, Zaror, C, Monardes, H, Bustos, L, and Cantin, M
- Subjects
Secondary mesiobuccal canal ,MB2 ,Molares maxilares ,Maxillary molars ,Canal mesiobucal secundario ,CBCT ,Sistema de canales radiculares ,Root canal system - Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the morphology of the mesial root canal system of maxillary molars and the frequency of MB2 canals using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 1374 teeth, first maxillary (1MS, n= 802) and second maxillary molars (2SM, n= 572) of 508 Chilean patients between 8 to 77 years were evaluated through CBCT. The mesiobuccal root was evaluated in all three thirds. Root canal morphology was classified according to Vertucci's method. Data were analyzed by Pearson's Chi-square and Cuzick trend tests. MB2 canal frequency in 1MS was 73.44% and in 2MS 42.48%. The most frequent morphology in 1MS and 2MS were Vertucci type II and I, respectively. No statistically significant association was found between frequencies and side or according to gender (P>0.05). A positive association was found as the age increased in both 1MS and 2MS (P0,005). Una asociación positive fue encontrada a medida que aumentaba la edad en ambos 1MS y 2MS (p
- Published
- 2015
41. Comparative assessment of sustainable development in South American countries on the basis of the Sustainable Society Index.
- Author
-
Gonzalez-Cabezas, D., Zaror, C., and Herrera, M. Á.
- Subjects
- *
SUSTAINABILITY , *ECONOMIC development , *SOCIAL development , *ECONOMIC indicators - Abstract
This study reports an overview of the economic, social and environmental performance of the main South American countries (SAC) as measured by the Sustainable Society Index. This is a well-known composite indicator, composed of 21 indicators, grouped in seven categories, covering environmental, social and economic wellbeing dimensions. Thirteen European countries recently incorporated into the European Union (NEUC) are considered as a reference. The study covers the period 2006-2016. The South American Region features significant natural resources and plays an important role in the global economy. However, there is concern about the long-term sustainability of social and economic development, given the high rate of economic growth based on the production of low added-value primary products. Sustainable development requires reasonable balance between economic, social and environmental performance, as well as a sustained and balanced increase in performance associated with those fundamental dimensions. Moreover, it is important to agree on minimum performance levels for all performance indicators, taking into account particular social, economic and environmental realities. SAC feature a clear imbalance in some categories affecting the economic, social and environmental wellbeing dimensions, showing either stagnation or significant decrease in recent years. It can be concluded that in the light of findings reported here, South American countries are far from being on the pathway towards sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Observación de anélides por el método de Río Hortega, modificado.
- Author
-
Zaror C., Luis and González, Julieta T.
- Subjects
- *
FUNGI imperfecti , *MICROWAVES , *FUNGI , *SILVER , *SPECIES , *MICROWAVE ovens , *OPTICAL microscopes - Abstract
The use of conidiogenesis in the taxonomy of anamorphic fungi is widely known. An anellid zone may be indistinguishable by light field optical microscope, causing confusion in the application of the term "anellidic" or "phialidic". A technique based on the combination of the action of microwaves with the method of impregnation of silver from Rio Hortega, modified by Piva and collaborators, applied to anellidic fungi is presented. It is of low cost, fast, to demonstrate the anellidic fungi, in a safe and reproducible way, with a high degree of definition in the details, in light field optical microscope. The silver impregnation method, using a domestic microwave oven for 30 seconds, applied to eight species of anellid fungi, had an average success rate of 61%, achieving a shorter technique with a high degree of definition of the anellated zones. The average rises to 97% by not considering the Exophiala species. The best results were obtained with Scopulariopsis, Scedosporium and Hortaea. Success in observing anelation in Exophiala species was not achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Ammonia emissions from livestock production in Chile: an inventory and uncertainty analysis
- Author
-
Muñoz, E, primary, Navia, R, additional, Zaror, C, additional, and Alfaro, M, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Revision Sistemática De Estudios De Costo Efectividad De Intervenciones Sanitarias Para La Cesacion Del Hábito Tabáquico
- Author
-
De la Puente, A C, primary, Zaror, C, additional, Velasquez, Z M, additional, Bustos, M L, additional, Garcia, C V, additional, Kuhn, L, additional, Castillo, M, additional, and Zárate, V, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. The pyrolysis of biomass: A general review
- Author
-
Zaror, C A and Pyle, D L
- Published
- 1982
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. [Cutaneous mucormycosis in an immunocompromised patient]
- Author
-
Marlis, Täger F, Luis, Zaror C, and Pilar, Martínez D
- Subjects
Male ,Immunocompromised Host ,Child, Preschool ,Dermatomycoses ,Humans ,Mucormycosis ,Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ,Rhizopus - Abstract
Mucormycosis is an increasingly emerging life-threatening infection and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with leukemia. We present the case of a 4-year-old boy with an acute lymphoblastic leukemia complicated by severe and prolonged neutropenia during induction chemotherapy, who developed cutaneous mucormycosis of the elbow. Direct microscopy with KOH and the histopathologic observation of the skin revealed fungal hyphae without septations. The cultures were positive for Rhizopus microsporus var oligosporus. The patient was treated succefully with amphotericin B during 40 days, surgical debridement and dermoepidermic graft. Early recognition and prompt intervention with combined medical and surgical treatment may improve the outcome. The most common management strategy in survivors involves a combination of antifungal therapy with amphotericin B and surgical debridement.
- Published
- 2012
47. Mucormicosis cutánea en un paciente inmunocomprometido
- Author
-
Täger F, Marlis, Zaror C, Luis, and Martínez D, Pilar
- Subjects
mucormicosis cutánea ,fungal infections ,Mucormycosis ,cutaneous mucormycosis ,immunocompromise ,Mucormicosis ,infecciones fúngicas ,Rhizopus ,inmunocompromiso - Abstract
La mucormicosis es una enfermedad emergente grave, producida por hongos saprófitos del orden Mucorales, que afecta fundamentalmente a pacientes inmunocom-prometidos. La forma cutánea se origina por inoculación de esporas dentro de la dermis con el subsecuente desarrollo de una lesión tipo ectima, generalmente única y de evolución rápidamente progresiva, por las características angioinvasoras del hongo, que determina amplias zonas de infartos y necrosis en los tejidos. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con cuatro años de edad, con diagnóstico de leucemia linfoblástica aguda, en quimioterapia de inducción, que cursó con neutropenia profunda y prolongada, presentando una lesión cutánea en el codo compatible con ectima gangrenoso. Recibió tratamiento antimicrobiano y antifúngico, asociado a un aseo quirúrgico. El cultivo para hongos demostró crecimiento de Rhizopus microsporus var oligosporus, y la histología concluyó presencia de hifas no septadas. El estudio de extensión descartó compromiso óseo, sinusal y cerebral. Completó 40 días de terapia antifúngica con anfotericina B deoxicolato, evolucionando satisfactoriamente. Posteriormente requirió injerto dermo-epidérmico. Si bien esta patología es infrecuente, debemos sospecharla en pacientes con neoplasias hematológicas, para establecer un diagnóstico etiológico oportuno, ya que el tratamiento contempla el desbridamiento quirúrgico precoz asociado a antifúngicos sistémicos, siendo de elección anfotericina B. Mucormycosis is an increasingly emerging life-threatening infection and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with leukemia. We present the case of a 4-year-old boy with an acute lymphoblastic leukemia complicated by severe and prolonged neutropenia during induction chemotherapy, who developed cutaneous mucormycosis of the elbow. Direct microscopy with KOH and the histopathologic observation of the skin revealed fungal hyphae without septations. The cultures were positive for Rhizopus microsporus var oligosporus. The patient was treated succefully with amphotericin B during 40 days, surgical debridement and dermoepidermic graft. Early recognition and prompt intervention with combined medical and surgical treatment may improve the outcome. The most common management strategy in survivors involves a combination of antifungal therapy with amphotericin B and surgical debridement.
- Published
- 2012
48. Mucormicosis cutánea en un paciente inmunocomprometido
- Author
-
Pilar Martínez D, Luis Zaror C., and Marlis Täger F
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Cutaneous mucormycosis ,business.industry ,Mucormycosis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Surgical debridement ,Induction chemotherapy ,Immunocompromised patient ,Neutropenia ,medicine.disease ,infecciones fúngicas ,Surgery ,Leukemia ,Infectious Diseases ,mucormicosis cutánea ,Amphotericin B ,medicine ,Mucormicosis ,business ,inmunocompromiso ,Rhizopus ,medicine.drug - Abstract
La mucormicosis es una enfermedad emergente grave, producida por hongos saprófitos del orden Mucorales, que afecta fundamentalmente a pacientes inmunocom-prometidos. La forma cutánea se origina por inoculación de esporas dentro de la dermis con el subsecuente desarrollo de una lesión tipo ectima, generalmente única y de evolución rápidamente progresiva, por las características angioinvasoras del hongo, que determina amplias zonas de infartos y necrosis en los tejidos. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con cuatro años de edad, con diagnóstico de leucemia linfoblástica aguda, en quimioterapia de inducción, que cursó con neutropenia profunda y prolongada, presentando una lesión cutánea en el codo compatible con ectima gangrenoso. Recibió tratamiento antimicrobiano y antifúngico, asociado a un aseo quirúrgico. El cultivo para hongos demostró crecimiento de Rhizopus microsporus var oligosporus, y la histología concluyó presencia de hifas no septadas. El estudio de extensión descartó compromiso óseo, sinusal y cerebral. Completó 40 días de terapia antifúngica con anfotericina B deoxicolato, evolucionando satisfactoriamente. Posteriormente requirió injerto dermo-epidérmico. Si bien esta patología es infrecuente, debemos sospecharla en pacientes con neoplasias hematológicas, para establecer un diagnóstico etiológico oportuno, ya que el tratamiento contempla el desbridamiento quirúrgico precoz asociado a antifúngicos sistémicos, siendo de elección anfotericina B.
- Published
- 2012
49. Validity and reliability of the T-Scan® III for measuring force under laboratory conditions
- Author
-
Cerna, M., primary, Ferreira, R., additional, Zaror, C., additional, Navarro, P., additional, and Sandoval, P., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Isolation of arsenite-oxidizing bacteria from a natural biofilm associated to volcanic rocks of atacama desert, chile
- Author
-
Campos, V. L., Escalante, G., Yanez, J., Zaror, C. A., and Mondaca, M. A.
- Published
- 2009
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.