Search

In all countries, many practical observation and theoretical studies are devoted on the soil and water erosion. However, there are still significant shortcoming in theoretical and experimental parts due to the underestimation of its physical causes and excessive enthusiasm of "empirical formulas", which is not often taken into account the elementary physical conditions in erosion processes, so the responses are not very accurate. There is also other useful model which is called GIS; the model is very powerful to estimate soil erosion due to having following parameters: tectonic faults, lithological characteristics of rocks, the density of the hydrographic network, orographic features (absolute altitude, slope, etc), rainfall and vegetation. The GIS model is one of the most applicable methods for estimating the intensity of soil erosion in arid and semiarid climates. It has been found that more than 59.94% (200.80 km2) of Delichai basin is exposed to low erosion intensity, 36.55% (122.45 km²) - average erosion intensity, and 3.50% (11.75 km²) - high-intensity erosion. The model is less time-consuming and more economic-effective than other erosion models, such as USLE, EPM, WEPP, and FAO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land surface temperature (LST) is one of the key parameters of environment quality and environment change. Studies of spatial redistribution of the thermal emission and its relationship with land use of different types are very important for recognition of the urban microclimate. Land use planning on urbanized territories should consider environmental, social and industrial factors in the context of sustainable development goals. Due to this, understanding of role of the urban land use mosaic in formation of urban heat islands is needed to provide control and reduce of the heat islands in arid regions. Yazd city (located in Iran) plays important role in formation of the thermal conditions of surrounding territories. In our study, we used the Temperature Emissivity Separation (TES) algorithm for LST retrieving from the remote sensing data collected by Landsat 5. We produced comparative analysis of land use maps, thermal maps and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) maps of Yazd city. Using the comparative analysis, we made a preliminary assessment of the role of different urban land use types in formation of thermal conditions in Yazd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]